Tli© American Farm DAIRY 7ig POULTRY STOCK. RAISING age FARMING :lV, U" u ‘ ll- 1! — FARM* mOLTRY Insects Cut Profits of Vegetable Patch Gardeners Pay Big Toll to These Enemies. A tax of four or five million dol­ lars is collected annually In Illinois by Insects that damage vegetable crops, according to a circular which the college of agriculture. University May Check Spread of Coc- I °f Illinois, has Issued as a means of helping gardeners and truck growers cidiosis in Flock. save these losses. Truck growers and gardeners are Chronic coccldlosls in adult fowls j paying more attention to losses „Mot he distinguished by external | enused by Insects thun they did a svniptonis from other wasting diseases, few years ago and they will have to ud only by the use of the microscope tight these pests even harder in the after death, says a writer in the Itural future if the growing of vegetables Sew-Worker. Unlike the acute form Is to be profitable, according to the ¡ururring In chickens, the ceca do not circular. No vegetable crop is with­ display the evidences of the Infection, out Its pests. Damage ranges from which are to be found in the intestinal 10 per cent or less on some crops contents or In scrapings from the In to 50 per cent or more on others. Oc­ teetinal walls, casionally an entire crop is lost. Either in chronic coccldlosls or oth­ Both spraying and dusting systems er diseases showing the loss of nppe and cultural methods that have been tite, dirty plumage, gradual loss ol found most effective in combating the flesh, paleness of comb and wattle9 more common insect pests of truck and perhaps paralysis of the legs and garden crops are described in the found in such disorders, all ultected circular. Important points in the life blrdi should be removed from the flock history, together with a brief descrip­ and watch kept for new coses. The tion of each insect, are given In order quarters used should be placed in good ] that the grower may apply control sanitary condition and the old ruins j measures more Intelligently. Each In- discarded. | sect Is considered In the order of its The parasites causing coccldlosls Importance under the crop upon and other Infections of like incurnhll which It is usually most abundant Ity Infest ground that has been used and destructive. for i considerable length of time by poultry flocks, and healthy birds must he kept from such ground If avoidance Oats as Starting Feed of Infection Is to he expected. Chron­ Said to Prevent Bloat ic coccldlosls spreads slowly in an Oats as u starting feed for beef cat­ adult flock and removal of sick birds tle prevents bloat, according to infor­ with sanitary precautions to prevent mation obtained by Louis Ylnke, Mon­ Infection of the healthy members tana State college. Trials were con­ should be observed. ducted with several fattening grains nnd alfalfa. The greatest number of bloat cases occurred In the group fed No Raiser Can Report barley and alfalfa. In most cases the Profit From Dead Hens critical period occurred when the cat­ Dead bens make the largest Item of tle were receiving from five to seven flock depreciation, and this depreel- pounds of grain a day. Few cases oc­ stion Is the third largest Item, next curred after this period had passed. to feed and labor, or about one-flfth, Oats as a starting feed proved 100 per of the total expense of the laying cent effective In preventing bloat at flock, says Prof. E. G. Misner of the Havre and Bozeman during two years. Xew York State College of Agricul­ Similar experiments at the Colorado ture, r';er g study of ninety-two New experiment station confirmed these York state flocks In 1930. tests. The plan which seems most effec­ The percentage of mortality varied from 3 to 73 per cent of the average tive among several tried is to start cumber of laying birds. The mortal­ the steers on two pounds of oats a ity averaged 23 per cent, with no dif­ head a day. As the appetite develops ference between large or small flocks, the amount of oata Is increased until "'hen hens are valued at $1 each at the critical period Is past. Then the the beginning of the laying season and fattening grains are gradually substi­ •re worth 75 cents at the end of the tuted for oats. This chunge requires fear, a mortality of 10 per cent makes about two weeks.—Cupper's 1 armer the depreciation 34 cents to the hen. If the mortality were 40 per cent, the Taking Care of Wool depreciation to the bird would be 09 Wool growers are again urged to centa Professor Misner warns poul- exercise tars ln preparing the clip trymen to give close attention to dis­ for sale. Ons of the first steps Is to ease and parasite control. keep the fleece as clean as possible before It Is taken from the sheep; keep the animals away from straw Lse Judgment in M ating It !• poor policy to mate up any stacks and out of burry weed patches - ws, least of all male birds, that as much as possible. Shear only when the wool Is dry are previously shown any signs of jaease 0r weakness. It is unwise to and in a clean place. Clip off the .*!* “P unt varieties, ten males bay crop for emergencies. Since It Is tie lUho* rir;nt nt0 whlrh to step before that Is glazed before the corn Is cut • • • 'b* premises. For best success with orchards and •mall fruits, protection must jw pro­ S S Cut Down on Feed vided. A good shelter belt of t V*k, . " , time t" cut down on the Is an asset to any farm. » In* . “v‘‘n * hough egg prices • • • 11 an the m ' t- low egg prices make r« e bacterial cultures sold for In- f*fl B u r r ^ ? n~ '’ %,ar$ «hat birds be I oculstlng legumes while they sre *td height o f'T.h*,nd ,h "* **• kept at fresh urge, t h e New York e x p e r i m e n t Th* Isiir,» « ^ r *hi***Y to produce. j station. # It f l |fl,T k h a v e * "ia*h Illinois has M herds of rsttle ac­ mono-. ,lme during the sum ***» In It should he credited as being free from Bang U *•»«* The on,y feeding ease More than 750 herds are • ®*apv th. -i? ,h* <1"wn and enrolled In a cleanup f**1i*g of m n a ,|on o f th e m orning , h * supervls.nn o f tb s • J •eea'ch m in .-E x e h sn g e . REMOVE BIRD W HEN OUT OF CONDITION Fertilizers Show Variation of Dutch Colonial Type Nitrogen Content Brings Most Interesting Results FEWER AND BETTER ANIMALS IN HERD Change in Labeling Regula­ tions Affects North­ eastern States. v . j~ T T , ( P r s v u r d by tb s U nited S t n t » D s p a rtm s a t of A artcu ltu rs. I— WNU Service. An Important change ln regulations Illinois Specialist’s Advice for labeling fertilizers which will af­ to Dairymen. fect farmers of twelve northeastern j Approximately $20,000,000 could he ndded to the annual income of Illinois farmers keeping dairy eattle, and no more milk would be put on the market. If the 1,099.000 cows In the state 'JBTi* replaced by 654,239 cows as gooeffiis the average cow In the dairy herd Im­ provement associations, according to I’rof. C. S. Rhode, dairy extension spe­ cialist of the college of agriculture. University of Illinois. Fifty-five of these associations or­ ganized In 73 counties by the college extension service are helping herd owners increase their net returns. The associations supply dairymen at low cost with production nnd feed records and give them help on feeding and management problems. A cow has to give about 250 pounds of butterfat a year before she returns enough to pay for her feed, and an equal amount to cover other expenses, according to records which Professor Rhode has tabulated on 12,094 of the association cows. As it Is, the aver­ age cow In the state produces nbout ISO pounds. “This Is evidence enough that un­ der present low prices higher effi­ ciency In production and Improved feeding practices are essential for sat­ isfactory returns. “Cows with a production of ap­ proximately 400 pounds of fat re­ turned $149 above cost of feed. A 50-pound Increase ln production was good for an additional Income of $20 above cost of feed.” New Production Record Set by Holstein Herd The purebred Holstein herd owned by the Cherokee State hospital at Cherokee. Iowa, has set a new national production record for a herd of 50 or more cows. According to the Hoi steln-Frleslun Association of America, this herd completed its year In the herd Improvement registry test with an average of 15,721 pounds of milk containing 556 pounds of fat. There were 50 cows In the herd and 13 were class A cows, milked four times a day rind 37 class B cows, milked three times a day. In the United States there have bi-en 417 herds tested lo­ cated In 41 states and the Cherokee herd exceeds the national average of all tested herds by 188 pounds of fat and also exceeds the average of all herds milked three or four times a day by 157 pounds of fat. Milking Thrice Daily At the Canadian national exhibition our representative had a chat with George lnnes, the member of the fa mous firm of J. W. Innes and Sons, who manages the big farm where the prize winning Jersey herd Is kept. He mentioned the manner in which the men were rotated to take care of the three-times a day milking. “Do yon milk three times a day to get higher records or to Increase the commercial production?" he was asked. -Ttincl pally to make a better showing In It O P., I guess," was the answer. “ Aside from records altogether, do you think it would pay to milk three times dally?” “Yes. I believe It would,” re plied George after a little thought. The same answer has often come from other men of experience.—Montreal Family Herald. Cream Farming It would be a good thing for dairy farming If more of the folks engaged in It were selling cream Instead of whole milk. For several reasons: The dairyman selling cream keeps on the farm a considerable amount of fer tlllty (In the sklmmilk). The cream dairyman has lower hauling and ship­ ping charges, has fewer board of health troubles, can arrange his chores better advantage, and st present enjoys a little better Income for his product. Surplus milk st present prices Is not very profitable.—Farm journal. Pavs to Test Cows The only »" »*" how mv,rh, * row is worth is to test her with scales and the Babcock test, states Cow Test er M artin Sw edhred of th e Woodford C ounty HII.) Dairy Herd Im provem ent association- He pointed out that two of the c o w . in hi, ss.«- 1 «»lon freshed within three -lays of each other. At the end of nine month. mGklng ooe of rhe cow s had returned • profit over posts of $61.26 more than the oth nr although the profitable cow did not look the part and would have been the selected for snle had the tc« not •«•n used—Prairie Farmer. u ii V ? "J * states is the transfer from ammonia | - V i '* "I content to nitrogen as the basis for labeling. This chunge became effec­ tive January 1 In the New England states and in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware. Maryland, ft j& n West Virginia, says Dr. Oswald Schreiner, chief of the division of soil m " fertility, bureau of chemistry nnd soils, United State Department of Agricul- : ture. Six good large rooms ami a large sun parlor are shown on the floor plan Doctor Schreiner believes the of this frame home. The center entrance leading Into the hall anil a living change is desirable from most points room that extends across the side and a good-sized sun parlor aro features. of view. He points out that nitrogen The house is 24 feet wide and 30 feet long. In the ammonia form is present ln rooms and a large sun parlor. How By W. A. RADFORD only a few of the fertilizer materials these rooms are arranged and tlieil W illiam A R adford w ill n n sw er whleh are commonly used, although i m Mr. - s t l o n s a n d g i v e a d v i c e F I I K K OK nitrogen Is present In several different COST o n a l l s u b j e c t » p e r t a i n i n g to sizes are shown on the floor plans. forms ln such fertilizer materials as p r a c t i c a l h o m e b u i l d i n g , f o r t h e r e a d - But It is the exterior of the home which will have Its greatest appeal a c c o u n t o f h is sulphate of ammonia, nitrate of soda, • w r i e d e o f e x t p h e i r s i e p n a c p e e r a . s On e d i t o r , a u t h o r an d calcium eyanamld, calcium nitrate, m a n u f a c t u r e r , h e Is, w i t h o u t d o u b t , th e to those who want the unusual In the potassium nitrate, ammonium phos­ h i g h e s t a u t h o r i t y o n a l l t h e s e s u b - design of their home hilt who have phate, tankage, fish meal, cottonseed l e c t s . A d d r e s s a ll I n q u i r i e s t o W i l l i a m not a large sum of money to Invest to achieve (Ids result. The entrancedoot 407. S o u t h D e a r b o r n meal, and other animal and plant by­ i X t r e R e t a , d f C o r h d i c . a g No. o , 111., a n d o n l y I n c lo s e design, already discussed, the suu products. It Is thus desirable that the t w o - c e n t s t a m p f o r r e p l y . name of the element nitrogen, and Variations of the different types of not the equivalent In one of the par­ /oa laß K : r - ticular forms ln which It occurs, tome building designs are always In- should appear on fertilizer labels. The eresting for they demonstrate that I 9 < y a » _ fart that 1 per cent of nitrogen Is the ndlvlduallty of treatment brings most nappy results. This Is shown In the equivalent of 1.22 per cent of am­ monia has also led to some confusion tome reproduced herewith. This Is a B et K m . because of the Indiscriminate use of variation of the Dutch colonial type Ifouaw' to m « |'m . >f architecture. But by the design of the two terms as applied to fertilizer lOb'Airfc' the roof over the porch nnd extending content, says Doctor Schreiner. it up to the eaves, the architect lias The new regulations require tlint the percentages of plant food he taken away the plain effect of the stated In whole numbers and not ln Dutch colonial and substituted a grace­ fractions for all mixed fertilizers. ful break in the otherwise straight There will be printed on the bag a poreh and the balcony above, the sug­ simplified statement of the guarantee 300' gestion of u Imicouy outside the bed­ showing only the net weight and room to the left on the second floor, brand name. Including the analysis, and the lattice side Into the porch, guaranteed percentage of nitrogen, of all are unique features. available phosphoric acid, and of The Interior arrangement Is along potash, and the name and address of colonial lines In that there Is a cen­ the manufacturer. tral hull with the living room to the right extending the depth of the house Measures of Determining and the dining room, sun porch and kitchen with breakfast nook adjoining Value of Com Silage the lutter room, on the other aide. TORCH An Iowa reader writes as follows; The stairway running out of the hall “Whut Is a fair price per ton for leads to the central hall on the second corn silage, when timothy Is selling floor off of w hich open three bedrooms for $10 to $15 and alfalfa for $22 per First Floor Plan. and a bathroom. ton?” The dimensions of this house are 24 lines. This arrangement has made There are several methods for ar­ feet Ity 30 feet, exclusive of the sun possible a closet off the entrance on riving at a satisfactory price. A ton porch projection. It Is of frume con­ of average corn belt silage usually the first floor nnd one of the sunie size struction set on a concrete foundation on the floor ubove. is worth six bushels of coru and 300 This home contains six good large and Ims a full basement. pounds of loose hay. However, It Is often figured that silage from a nor­ mal corn crop Is worth one-third the ment may he whitewashed or painted price of good quality legume hay per Find Unlim ited Use for a light color nnd wm II lights with glass ton, even though this places a slight Basement Wasted Spaces reflectors ndd much charm and cheer. |y higher value on the silage than When a person thinks of all the Hickory furniture that does duty out­ Its actual amount of food nutrients space that has been left over to no side In summer may t a k e a new lease would Indicate. punaise In the cellar he marvels that on life. This latter measurement Is used j It may do winter service. It is not put to use. for silage to be fed to cows In milk. The basement Is usually the warm Where the corn was rather low yield j est spot In the house anil Is an Ideal lng, some allowance will have to be location for a playroom for children Healthful Fad Saves made In the charge, although It must or a recreation-room for adults. Clev­ Makers of Home Doors be remembered that stalks usually Door manufacturing, an Industry er householders are found taking to have a higher feeding value when the the cellars, even when there Is no seemingly threatened by an architec­ ears are not fully developed.—Wal­ danger of cyclones or thunderstorms. tural fad, has been saved by a health lace's Farmer. Architects who are designing new fad, according to II. Y. Stillwell, ex­ houses are reckoning with the room ecutive secretary of the National Door built below stairs, and those who are Manufacturing association. Oats and Peas “When they started building these The following varieties of Canada making over old houses are devising field peas are good to sow with oats: means whereby they may evolve at new fnngled homes nnd npnrtments Chang, Cloveriand. Golden Vine and least one attractive basement room without any Interior doors we thought the door industry was going to be Alberta White. The common rate of besides the laundry. It Is quite possible to decorate the seriously harmed,” Stillwell snld. seeding Is two bushels of oats and one bushel of peas to the acre. Any necessary beams and supports, and It “Spanish arches, oriental arches, French arches, the architects went soil that will grow good oats will Is also within a possibility to have give good results. On land lacking ^ small windows fixed attractively, and arch crazy.” Mr. Stillwell admitted that he liked In fertility or on sandy soil, th« | then there may be any number of elec arches personally, but Jocrled them amount of peas Is sometimes reduced trie light plugs. Often the chimney as a menace to the door Industry. to half a bushel and a peck of vetch is such as to make a fireplace an ac­ •'But we have been saved,” he con­ seed substituted for the peas. Some­ complished fact, and that la n great tinued. “Just as thla arch fad was times the vetch is added without re asset, especially a room fixed down­ beginning to be felt throughout the during the amount of peas; sometimes stairs for billiards. I'he house entrance may be the one Industry, the sunshine for health fnd winter vetch Is used, sometimes halt saved ns. Almost overnight home winter vetch and half spring vetch that many basements have, hut It may owners demanded more sunshine. Sun­ t>e beautified by haring an Iron hand­ Unless ths field has successfully shine demands windows, sun parlors grown peas or vetch It Is s good Idea rail. and It Is also a g o o d plan to and wulls of glass. to Inoculate the seed before plant­ cover each step with a protector to “Fortunately the door manufactur­ ing. The same Inoculation can hs avoid accidents by Icy weather. The ers also make windows. Houses may floor covering may be Just plain used for both peas and vetch.—Amer j (what Is called granite) linoleum, or he built without Interior doors, hut lean Agriculturist. It may he of tile laid In mortar, or as long ns the detnnnd for windows, the cement floor Itself may do with a solarium» nnd French doors has been Salt on Asparagus f»w furnishings. Carpets of many In- Increased the manufacturers of doors et|icnsive varieties may he used. The —end windows—are rontent." Asparagus will stand salt applies Rons heavy enough to kill many ex|>ert contractor knows many tricks weeds. Enough to make the ground that can he used In finishing the floor. Wash First If the floor la wood and expense whits as with s heavy frost would Planning on some repaint Jobs be ne<>ded to have much permanent la an Item, use the floor as It Is. If around your house thla spring? Don't effect on weeds. Ths better plan Is you have any old carpets or ancient forget that the price estimate should to h*ve ths plants far enough apart dollies that are loo badly worn for Include a thorough washing, for paint so that It Is possible to get around use by you or the Salvation Artny. won't hold on a greasy surface or eaib ons with a hoe. and hand-pull nave rugs made from Ihetn. Ths cost make a good appearance on top of Is small and ths covering will be ’d irt ths weeds In the clump. There has been wide difference of Ideal. There Is much wear and tear saved opinion about tbs use of sslt on as­ Plant for View paragus At one time salting It was on all parts of the upper quarters common practice, the Idea being that and stories when the basement Is A few wisteria vines, two or three It was good for the asparagus. New turned Into livable quarters, and with box bushes and a clump or so of tail few do this. With suitable soli and ths Installation of modern heating flowering spring shrub», to be seen plenty of plant food, good asparagus apparatus, even In the oldest houses ! from the house rather than against It are much more attractive than qnan- r a n be grown with or without s a lt— much dirt Is ellmlnated. Comrete or siooe walls In ths baso- 1 tlty planting In ths nurseryman s stjlst Rurnl New Torker. IT