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About The American. (Central Point, Or.) 1928-1936 | View Entire Issue (May 26, 1932)
The American Farm Page B>Alin poultry stock raising farming Thursday, M ay 2<i, 1932 Orchard Pests Can Be Done Away With CHICKS HAVE RIGHT TO PROPER START Thei 're, Give Attention to idling” Eggs. <i pr i t>a.vt< .i Colorado poultryinen who for hatching find that It ve qloae attention to (1 ) the d care o f the breeding fl.'. k, (if) proper cure of hatching egc-t ve they are set. Mi irmcrs and poultry-men than nsi” i re hatching their own chicks w " b ig hena— the good old fash- lor» i-thod— reports O. C. UfTord, exti ii poultryman at the Colorado Agi 1 1 mi ml college. •Tii ceding flock from which hati 1 1 , eggs are being produced," says llffiTd. “should be carefully cullt i in eliminate hens that are too fat. In i, vigor or health, or have seri ous defects of type and color. “Bn lary w'hlte diarrhea, a serious dls.ci - nf young chicks, comes from hens In the breeding flock that are a f fected he adds. “It Is not possible to r> i. re such hens except by blood testlnr the Individual birds.” Green feed and sunshine supply vi tamins i hat are needed for normal health and growth of chicks, It Is pointed nut. The baby chick first muk' i t e of vitamins when It Is de velops« In the egg, but the egg will not onialn these Important elements unless the breeding flock Is fed a ra tion that supplies them. Therefore the flock should have plenty of sun shine and a well-balanced ration that Includes green feeds, minerals and water. Losses Sure When the Chicks Are Overcrowded Crowding always results In enor mous losses and occurs Just prior to the chicks taking to the roost. It may be discouraged by maintaining heat hut eventually the chicks will take to the corners. It might be Ideal but Im practical to construct a round brooder house, but one can eliminate the cor ner* In a house with square corners. A scheme of this kind consists of In clined wire netting frames about 2 feet wide placed In the back and sides of the house. The Inner edge Is next to the floor while the outer Is elevnted about a foot from the floor. It is, of course, necessary that these frames fit tight so that It Is Impossible for chicks to get underneath. With this arrangement as the chicks crowd out they are elevated and there Is no dan ger of the chicks being suffocated, tsually small roosts are nailed on the tipper gide of the frame and it is only a short time until the chicks are roost ing. The old Idea was that too enrly foosting caused crooked breast bones, hut that idea hns been exploded so that now the advice Is to get the chicks roosting as soon as possible.— Missouri Farmer. Estimating Oil Need five hundred chicks kept In confine ment for the first four weeks will eat about 200 pounds of mash and will nppd four pounds or two quarts of rod liver oil. The same number of rhicks will consume close to 830 pounds of mnsh the first eight weeks ®B<1, if confined, will need two and one- p ghth gallons of cod-liver oil. From this, one can estimate the amount of o' that will he needed and can make p purchase and have It ready when tne chicks are hatched. Cod-liver oil n*-v be ’"»cured from the local dru'g- * *t, or the county agent or farm dem onstration flock co-operatnrs in the county can supply the names o f com- pamos that sell the cod-llver oil. Brooder-House Litter Gr.'i]’ | corn cobs make satisfactory . for br"oder houses, says the Xe- '«•lia Co,l«K* of Agriculture. The .... r"*'-v Kfound coba make as good a ‘w J^r ** cboPped hay or straw. Some litt tr^niPn to use commercial (in r ' Sltn<* dop* not make a good *.ur ? 'V*rln‘r nnlp,,,, thp chick* are Dla * aU of ,hp limp- Chicks ,. _ , on sand sometimes fill up on ,„r ln,Hge*tlon and other un- •"■fcetory results. g rad e d Eggs Sell Best a'crmge per capita consumption t *T *V n *• *®1, nearly an egg t*t L T°r PTPrr Pee»"", and the hlgh- .... ri‘nimPtlon of any country. Ch> so officials credit this to the fart ^ * * * ,* rp carefully graded, and * f *nadian housewife gne* to gv . *n'1 hny» <*gg* with confidence, •re J r ’ fhat P?,r* graded as extra* f he highest quality and can he " r anJr Pnrpoae In the home. P” ? n* ,n ,° ,r *d* ln th*» n '• graded.—Prairie Farmer. DAIRY, FACTS Best Ration One Cottage Type of Home Is Prettiest That Has Variety When Set in Natural Surroundings Good Fruit Is Produced by COWS NEED FREE Quality of Protein Found to Healthy Trees. ACCESS TO WATER Be as Essential as (By H R. Nlawonger, Field Horticul Quantity. turist. Colorado Stats College.) One of the best ways to control In Should at All Times Have ( B y Prof. T. B. Morrison. De part m en t sect and disease pests In the orchard ot An im al Industry, Cornell Un lv eralt y .) All They Will Drink. and to improve the quality of fruit this season Is to give the orchard a thorough cleaning. This applies espe* dally to apple orchards. Apple scab, for Instance, spreads from dead leaves which have dropped from trees that were Infected with the disease last season. The leaves should he raked up and burned or plowed under as early as possible. The codling moth winters over un der the loose hark and among the refuse where cull apples were piled or boxes and other containers were stored. This hark might be scraped from the trees, raked up and burned. Make a general cleaning of such places as the codling moth Is likely to hibernate. This clean-up practice will reduce the number of worms In the fruit this season. San Jose scale and other Insects multiplied greatly during the latter part of the 1931 crop year because of favorable weather conditions. Spray ing the trees with lime sulphur will keep this scale under control, and the use of one of the commercial oil sprays will give control of the scurfy and oyster-shell scale Insects. Some trees which are weak and are giving no good returns might be re moved from the orchard or top-worked by grafting In from a better tree or variety. Soil Zone Cuts Figure in Corn Fertilization Studies at the Ohio experiment sta tion show that results from fertiliz ing corn vary with the soil zone Into which the fertilizer Is Introduced. Placing fertilizer In direct contnct | with, or Immediately above, the seed has proved most damaging. Damage varies with the amount of fertilizer and rainfall. An application of 400 pounds an acre of 4-12-4 In rectangular areas 4 by 8 Inches and 1*4 Inches »1 re duced the stand of corn 33 per «.ent In 1030 an,d 43 per cent in 1031. The same amount placed In a 4 hy 8-lnch band % Inch above the seed gave a stand of 02 per cent In 1030 and 70 per cent In 1031. The same quantity applied % inch above the seed but divided Into two lateral 2 by 8-inch ! bands 3 Inches apart gave a 00 per cent stand in 1030 and a perfect Stand In 1931.— Capper’s Farmer. Care of Ewes In order to give birth to strong thrlf ty lambs the ewes need plenty of nu tritious feeds and sufficient exercise. The ration of the pregnant and nurs ing ewe should consist of feeds rich In minerals and protein and the cheap est source of tln^se nutrients Is In clover or alfalfa hay. Turnips are also a valuable feed for breeding ewes, due largely to their tonic and regu lating effect, and are fed at the rate of three pounds per head per day along with a liberal supply of hay. Salt should be available at all times and where well balanced rations are fed. especially those Including good legume hay, sheep will ordinarily re ceive enough calcium and phosphorus which are the other mineral nutrients most apt to be lacking. Farmers Favor Silage NInetv nine of one hundred Nebras ka farmers who built and used trench silo* last year believe that they have j hpPn worth while, a»*oording to a sur vey hy the Nebraska College of Agrl culture. Ninety-five of one hundred men will use their trench silos again If crops are poor an»l eighty two of them will use the silo* even If crops ! are good this year. Ninety eight per cent of the men said that silage was a much better feed than dry corn fodder. ! irt.v two of them fed It with alfalfa, twem tv supplemented it with cottonseed cake and twenty fed It with "*t* atraw or some other straw. Ex change. Agricultural Squibs Argentina * corn area la 3 per cent greater than a year ago. • • • Twenty eight Edgecombe county (N. C ) farmers sold 89.210 pounds of fat hogs for $3,485.40 In a co-operative «hlpment • • • Wisconsin valuation of farm equip- meats is $10.03 per acre of emp land. Onlv two atates. New fo rk and Penn ay Iranis. exceed this valuation. • • • County • ! « " » I" Vermont made H8.VJ to 4.740 farms In the United States last year. and answered 13.140 telephone inquiries from farm er*. (P n p ir e d by tho Unlt*d State* Department o f A griculture.)— W NU Service. Dairymen who want the most milk tnd butterfat from their cows should arrange to let them drink as much water as they want when they want it, says T. E. Woodward, of the United States Department of Agriculture. Mr. Woodward, who Is senior dairy husbandman In the bureau of dairy in dustry, has completed experiments to determine the relation of methods of watering dairy cows to their water consumption and production. The tests were run both In warm and cold weather and Included both high-pro ducing and low-producing cows. The results of watering twice a day and once a day were compared with re sults obtained when the cows had free access to water. In these tests, according to Mr. Woodward, the cows drank more wa ter when watered only twice a day than when they had water at will or when watered only once a day, hut their production was highest when they had water at will. The produc tion of the cows In this experiment averaged 2.8 per cent more milk and 2.1 per cent more butterfat when glv en free access to water than when watered only twice a day ; and when wntered twice a day they produced 1 per cent more milk and 1.4 per cent more butterfat than when watered only once a day. Mr. Woodward also reports that the Increase In milk production as a result of more frequent watering was more marked in the case of the good pro ducers than in the case of the low pro ducers. Inferior Bull Never Worth Keeping in Herd Many Inferior hulls are finding them selves Installed as herd sires these days, probably much to their surprise, because they are the kind that usually go to the stock yards at a fairly early age. In fact, a considerable number of these have been to the stock yards, only to be rescueil by some kind heart ed truck driver and taken back out In the country ns a herd sire. O f course, the fact that the truck driver Is able to make a few dollars by saving him for a while may also be a contributing cause. It’s a good deal for the live stock trucker, but It’s a tough deal on the dairyman. The bull In service now will determine largely the ability of the herd four and five years from now. It will moan the placing In the dairy bam of milk-manufacturing machines that lack the capacity to turn out large quantities of product' or profit. Spray for Flies According to J. J. Davis, entomolo gist at Purdue university, a good home made spray for keeping files o(T cows can he prepared by mixing one pint of oil of tar with one gallon of used crank case oil. Another recommended spray may be made by mixing one gallon of fish oil. two ounces of oil of tar, two ounces of oil of pennyroyal and one-half pint of kerosene. The most satisfactory way to apply these Is with a small compressed air sprayer that can he obtained at most stores handling spray materials. There are several other reliable commercial fly sprays on the marker. Grain Sheaf Hay Oat sheaves are very nearly eqnlv ¿lent in feeding value to a comblna tion of equal part* hy weight of threshed oats and oat atraw. Oal sheaves alone are hardly a satlsfac tory dairy cow ration. The wheat sheaves will perhaps he a little more nutrition* than the nata. Horaes can tie carried quite satisfactorily on el ther oat sheaves or wheat sheave# pro »tiled they are not at hard work. Some extra grain for cows I* need ed while they are milking. A mixture of equal i»art# of barley, oats, wheat, wheat bran and nllmeal will prove very satisfactory. Intestinal Trouble Scours or diarrhea la merely the risible symptom of an Intestinal Irrl ration, either caused by food or para sites. Cows may contract a disease known as Johne's disease, or the iron hie may he caused hy faulty food If you have much trouble, we suggest you see your veterinarian or write your crate veterinarian. In the meantime, feed the eowa one teaspoonful slaked lime, one tahlespoonfnl whole flaxaeed •md a table«poooful charcoal In groond oats once dally. A little sugar added will help also- Examine the hay for mold, or the paatur# for fern, etc.— Idaho Farmer. Variety may be more than the spice life; It may even be necessary to life. Scientists have known the Im portance of protein for sixty years, but more recent experiments show that quality of protein Is as essen tial as the quantity In a feed. 'ora lacks two of the essential amino acids, and if a young pig Is fed corn as Its only source of protein, It will make no growth whatever, even If it gets an abundance of carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. The proteins of meat, milk, and eggs have exceedingly high food val ue, for they contain all of the neces sary amino acids in abundance, l'ro- telns In cereals are considerably low er in efficiency than animal proteins, und in quality, all of the cereals are This six-room frame home with Its unusunl roof treatment provides room similar. Navy beans, lima beans, and for a large family, there being four bedrooms and bath. The first floor bed room Is a convenience not found In mnny two-story homes. cowpeas have too little cystine, but soybeans and peanuts furnish high- By W. A. RAD FO R D The floor plans show a tmlroom on quality proteins. Itecent experiments Mr. W i l l i a m A. R a d fo rd w il l an rw ar the first floor adjoining the enclosed indicate that alfalfa hny Is deficient qu estions and g i v e advice F R E E O F stairs with three other bedrooms and In cystine, should It be fed alone, but COS T on all subjects pertain in g to hat broom on the second floor. Th» cereals with which It Is usually fed pra c ti c al home building, f o r the rend other thr»>e rooms ou the first floor nr« ers o f this paper. On account o f his contain an abundance of this aiulno w id e experien ce as editor, author and the usual living room, dining room and acid. m anu facturer, he is, with ou t doubt, the kitchen. Swine and poultry are likely to suf h ig h es t au th o rit y on all these sub The size of this house 1« 24 feet hj fer more from unbalanced proteins jects. Address all Inquiries to W illia m 2fl feet exclusive of the porch. Ttu A. Rad ford . No. 407 South Dearb orn than are cattle, sheep or horses. Swine street, Chicago, III., and only Inclose sizes of the rooms and their relation and poultry are fed chiefly on cereal | t w o - c e n t stam p f o r reply. grains and other concentrated feeds Homes to he built on wooded sites and their digestive systems are not adapted to using much roughage. Con or where there are natural surround ings oftentimes are prettiest when sequently proteins furnished by tank they are of the cortege type of home age or meat scraps, fishmeal, and milk building design. The house shown In products are especially important. In the accompanying Illustration suggests Kansas experiments with hpef cuttle, a combination of linseed meal, cot a cottage but It Is a full two-story frame home containing seven rooms tonseed meal, with gluten meal was taster than a combination of the first and hnth. The suggestion of a cottage Is achieve»! by the unusual roof Hues two. which come down at a steep pitch Merely timothy hay and oats pro- from the ridge at the front, giving the vlde an excellent ration for work horses. Brood mares and growing colts must have, however, an ample supply and proper kind of proteins. Ot Fine Profit From Lambs Fed Alfalfa and Grain Six hundred range Ramboulllet lambs fattened at the Ilelle Fourche field station of the United Stnt»“s De partment of Agriculture at Newell, S. D., and sold on the Sioux City (Io w a) market, returned an average of $10 a ton for the alfalfa hay and from 70 to 88 cents a hundred pounds for the grain (hey consumed. The lambs cost $4 a hundred delivered at the station and sold at $6.33 at Sioux City, which was top price for fat lambs for the day. When slaughtered these lambs dressed from 49.4 to 51 per cent. A careful grading of their carcasses re vealed that In the entire 000 there was only one cull and nine common carcasses, 88 per cent of the group grading good to choice and 00 per cent medium to good, most of the lat ter missing the higher grade only be cause of excess weight. Potato Notes Plant only good seed, using 1- ounce pieces dropped approximately 11 Inches apart. Planting at greater distances will prove to he too costly this year. Treat seed potaloea In fected with scab or rhlzoctonla. Largest potato yields will be ob tained where the fertilizer Is applied two to three Inches from the seed piece and on the same or a »lightly lower plane. Cultivate deeply and close to the ; plants early In the season, but keep the cultivator away from the root# 1 as the season advances. Close, deep j cultivation later In the season doe# ! more harm thnn good. Start spraying with Bordeaux mix ture when the plant# are all to eight Inches high and make application# every week or ten day*. Twenty years' tests have proved spraying to be a desirable practice.— American Agriculturist To Kill Botflies Carlton disulphide I* the mo*f ef fective substance for thè removal of bota from horaea, aays the United State* Department of Agriculture. Before administering the treatment alt feed ahonld he withheld from the horaea for about 18 hour*. Then th# animal ls given carbon disulphide In gelatin capsule«, th# crostile* admin istered by band or hy means o f a balling gun. Carbon disulphide will remove many hot* If administered at any time of the year hut the greatest ef ficiency o f the treatment la obtained If the treatment Is given during the winter months. At the same time a wa«h consisting of 2 per cent of cool taf creosote should he thoroughly ap plied to all part# of the animal to destroy the eggs.—Nebraska Farmer. effect of a story and one-half house. W ide dormers on either side, how ever, give the head room necessary on tlie second floor to make it a full size. Explains Methods of Insulating the Home The best advice that your architect or your friend or your home builder can give, whether your house has been built or is to be built. Is Insulate nnd Insulate thoroughly and well, writes Roger B. Whitman In "Better Homes and Gardens." Your home Is neither modern nor economical, nor healthful unless It is Insulated, not to mention being as comfortable. Insulation, continues Mr. Whitman. Is a new, practicable application of a long-known scientific principle ap plied for many years to refrigerator cars and Ice boxes, but now applied with equal success to our homes. It Involves the use o f storm windows, weatherstrips and Insulating material In the walla. With Insiilntion the heat Ing plant can he smaller, the saving In the coat and Installation of the heater going far to pay for the heat- proofing. It la a mutter of course that the fuel bills will he reduced, and aa the house will be tight and free from drafts, there will he less dust In the air to discolor walls, ceiling* and draperies. A house from which heat cannot escape la also protected against heat from outdoors. An attic that In a house of ordinary construction would he untiearahly hot during the summer may when Insulated become the cool est part. White Insulation Is prin cipally used to offer resistance to the passage of heat, the same materials will absorb sound waves and deaden noise. Insulating walla and roofs la accom plished either by the use of rigid, flexible or bulk Insulating material*. Rigid sheets are popular because they can aerve for other purposes beside* Insolation, replacing the usual board Ing or a* a support for plaster. They can also he |mpered or calcimine«] The sheets may he nailed to either side o f the studs. A space o f from one-eighth to one-fourth Inch should be left hrtween adjoining sheets to al low for expansion, for «»therwlse there will be danger of buckling. T w o lay one to another are shown by the Root plans reproduced. Ilow Httrnetlve tills home nmy ha with Its well planned Interior, and th« open porch Is shown hy the reprotluo tion of the exterior. It has a roomy inviting appearance and still is simple and suitable for n lot on which there are tree* and shrubs or which has trees and shrubs as a background fot a house. Tills Is the type of economical frame home which will np|H-ul to a great many prospective home builder*. It has abundance of space In the Inside, is attractive from the exterior and It Is low In cost which will be an lidded Inducement. ers are almost twice as effective as one, particularly If there is an air apace between. Flexible materials are either applied on the sheathing and underneath the exterior finish, to the frame horizontally, outside or Inside, or within the stud spnees ver tically. Bulk materials, fibers nnd powders, are either poured Into place, applied hy hand or air pressure. With one type, water milled to a powder swells the mixture and In 20 minutes it hardens Into a mass. This Insula tion cun also he readily cast Into blocks to fit between rafter» or else where. Brick on Hollow Tile Makes Good Sound Wall A brick masonry house Is a profit able investment Hlwaya Not sll of these have solid brick wutJs, although to c h s iih I observation such may seem to he the ease. Hollow tile Is often used ns a hacking for the brick ; while the face of the wall looks like any other brick wall, the Inner portion o f the wall Is of hollow tile Into which the brick are thoroughly bonded. The results In a wall lighter In weight, which is iiii|>ortnnt In some typ«*a of construction. The air space results In a dryer and warmer wull. It Is something prartlf'al to plaster on the Inner surfai-e of this wall when the total wall thlckmuis Is 12 Inches or whrn the walls are not ex pos«*) to driving rainstorms. The Inner surface of the wall can he readily damp-pnmfed with a bitumi nous costing which will not affect the plaster bond. The all masonry feature of the wall la an Important <'on»iileraflon for those who would shun fire risk. Modernized House When the exterior tinea of a house hare Irt-en modern I »ed. the dwelling virtually become* a new one. To strangers there I* nothing to Identify the renMenc* as being one built 20 or 30 yearn ago*