Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Eagle Valley news. (Richland, Or.) 191?-1919 | View Entire Issue (April 25, 1918)
Activity of Psychologists One of the Youngest of Sciences Is of Especial Aid to the Government I'syrhnlogy, oiio of tint youngest of tho sciences, lint nevertheless one equipped wllli Mtmiilii nllxcMl methods of experimental procedure, In steadily miNwiTliiK the mil to tho color. Kmliicnt scientists from almost every Held of ItnowlcdKii huvo been Mimmoiicd to glvu expert ndvleo or to winter conllnu on service ii n coinmlMNlniiert officer In tho iiriny. Ho heavy Iiiin been tlio levy Hint several of I lie Knslern universities have lienn compelled to cancel nil their wtimeM In psychology; other Institution rim offering only u Imro minimum of coiiim'n. The riilveinlty of Illinois Iiiin heun more fortunuto In thlM respect. While several of Its pnyeholoKlstK huvo been culled nwny, thu work of tho de partment In pursuing n nearly iioriinil course Otpl. Madison Mentley of tho demrtiiient of psychology Iiiin for some ttnio heen president of the Clevelimd aviation hoiird. Ills work consists tnnlnly In selecting aviators mid examining them for color blindness, certnln spatial per ceptions, dlKKlncM mill general inentiil cnimcHy. I'rof. (J. St. Whlpplo him also heen nuked to asMst In formulating suitable mental testa for thu selection of dnifted men mid for men In special Much of training. In mldltlon to tint recognition of neressnry nhllltleN for tho service, prob lems concerned with tho localization of sounds in the nlr, dlHcrlmlnallon of pro jectiles hy sound, mid the effects of high nltltiideH upon tho memory nro helni; workrd out. I'rof. Christian lluokiulck, iiIno of tho University of Illinois, In serving uM)ti the coinmltteo for localization of nouiuIn coming from nny point In tho nlr, under water or In the ground. Since fow peoido havo n sensitive ear to determine the portion of an enemy gun hy noting tho sound of tho pro Jcctllo In Hh course. apiuiratiiN In being worked out for such detection. Work In the cantonment coiiNlxtM In the apprehending of mental defectlveN and In notltiK special iiptttudeN of the men. In this way much waste of time mid money for special training can ho eliminated. Psychological prohleniN of Incapacity, shell-shock and re-education occupy the attention of another com mittee, and collaborating with them Is n croup of psychologists who arc study liiK problems of vocational guidance and advice, Hrill another croup Iiiin al ready diiuu Imporlant work In determining and devising niemiH to arouse emo tion which remilt In maximum Hervlcu from tho men. Saving Foodstuffs lir MRS. LUTHER BURDANK Wi ol Nol PUnl Scientirt Mro. Durbank. Did It ever occur to you that eat ing, sleeping and thu largo consunip tlon of certain foodN In more of a hahlt than a ne cessity to sustain life? The man or woman who Iiiin liven UHed each morning to hlH or her ham or bn con, with eggs, will undoubtedly consider It prac tical starvation If asked to forego these habits, yet thero are today iiilllliniH of people on thu earth who eat Ichn In two days than you and I coiiHiime In ono meal, hut who uro among the health lest on earth. Study history, look Into the life and hahltN of tho an clunt Greeks, and you will find that tho natlniiH which used tho plainest, sim plest and most meager faro were among the strongest, while those who descended to tnlilu hahltH bordering" upon gluttony roplilly rotrogrnded. Why? Itoonuso tho mind of tho glut ton In n dead mind, lie cannot think, htn whole hody In sluggish, tho orpins aro no closed that they aro unahlo to function properly and the remilt In physical and mental decay. Kitting la a matter of hahlt. Wo In America, tho great land of plenty, have heen accustomed to eat what wo wlHhed. For generations It has heen tho Hinno until, from simplicity Of eat ing, wo havo bordered closely onto ox cohh. This Is not trim of everyone. America In not a nation of gluttoiiH, but I do maintain that, on an average, wo AmerlcaiiH consume perhaps twlco nn much ns Is necessary to Hustaln life, and that this very ovorconsump ttnn Iiiih been the cause of more illness, more doctors' bills and moro buffering than nny other ono cause. In all llfo we are creatures of her edity. When Mr. Iltirbnnk wishes to produco a now (lower ho looks back Into thu past nges and I) mis alt about tho ancestors of that llower. Ho dis covers that a llower which had onco been fairly hardy and ablo to with Htnnd rlgovous winters, has becomo a delicate plant which must bo tenderly nourished, or It will die. This con dition Is brought nbout through con turlcH of pampering. It has been ar tificially cared for, well watered, anil thoroughly fertilized wltli tho result that nature has not been called upon to glvo It protection. And so It Is with us. Wo have been reared In a land of plenty; a lnnd of vimt crops and rich food and, we havo become soft. Tho savago who depends on his acute sense of mnoll, keen vision, and lleetness of foot for his dally food Is a wonderful animal, Nature provides him with all these essentials to sustain life. Tako that samo savago from his wild en vironment mid dally struggle with life, place him In surroundings of plenty, and In two or three genera tions his descendants will havo lost all of those wondrous senses their an cestor had developed. Thu American Indian Is thu most striking example of this wo have today. With these few facts before un let us now look Into those little prac tices of wiving which wo all believe In trying to put Into effect, but which many of us deem lmtosslble, because habit has madu us beltovu that we can not live without certnln things to eat and a certain quantity of each. Kite Balloons Form Very Important Part of Naval and Military War Forces "The observation balloon 1ms been ono of tho Important discoveries of the year," observes a writer In Aviation, who continues: "Its vii I lie Is Indicated by the rapid growth of both personnel and craft. It Is found today on every front, and almost every mile of that front, for the excellent reason that It has proved In dispensable to the modern army In tho Held. "Tho observation kite balloon, as at present used, was the Invention of Captain von Slgsfeld and Major von I'arseval of tho (ierman army, and the craft was constructed by the I'ar seval Alrtdilp company. Thu Itrltlsh army got Its llrst Idea of tho kite bal loon from tho ISelglans, ICarly In 1010 Squadron (now Wing) Commander Malttand was so much Impressed by the excellent service It was giving the Itelglau artillery that ho laid a pro posal for similar equipment before the board of admiralty. This was adopt ed, orders for the construction of the craft wero placed and the llrltlsh K-Ii madu Its llrst appearance In tho war area In the early spring of 1015. "As then constructed by the llrltlsh, the balloon was found to be consider ably more reliable than tho spherical, being steadier and more airworthy, and therefore more accurate In obser vation. "The great success of the first craft led to a demand for more, and the llrltlsh naval authorities uiado expert uients with them on ships at sea, Moro and moru urgent grew the de- maud from both branches of the son- Ice, until today kite balloons form nn Important part of both naval and mil Itary forces. "Tho work of these craft Is too wide ly recognized to need repetition, fur ther than to mention thu danger to which a captive balloon is exposed from hostile airplanes. Thero Is often not time enough to draw tho balloon to tho ground when an enrtny machine appears, and the only protection Is a friendly airplane, or tho ever-ready pnrachute." Cheap Fuel. Today tho question of fuel Is a bunv lug one, metaphorically as well as lit orally. In a series of very Interest' lug tests recently conducted at the Ohio Stato university, natural gas was found to bo the cheapest combustible, Thero aro ninny places, however, where It Is not available. A breakfast which cost one-fourth of a cent to cook with natural gas, costs nearly three and one-half cents to cook with soft coal, two and one-half cents with cil oil, over tnreo cents with gasoline, and threo cents exactly with electricity. ropuiar Bcirico Monthly. i cnfi a mm tvttjtt rc A JTX. A. it A-VAiWfc? IN BRIEF. Captain John Peterson, dean of tho Columbia Illvor pllota, died at Astoria as tho result of a stroke of paralysis. Ho was born In Sweden in 18G0, and was 02 years of age. Gorman Jiuh been banished from tho La Grande high school curriculum by tho school board, which, at the same session, Increased all nulurlcn at least 10 or cent to all teacnors. Major Hitchcock and Captain Hrown, of thu spruce division, aviation section of tho United States Signal Corps, spent several dnys thin week Inspect ing tho various spruce camps near Sllotz, Toledo and Waldport. Warren's homo guard is fully organ ized ami drilling weekly. Tho men will Imj sworn in na deputy sheriffs next week by Sheriff Stanwood. Equip ment Is oxpectcd shortly and tho com pany is now composed of C5 men. Major Doich, in command of tho ntato police, has asked CapUin O. J. Hull, of Salem, to scnu 10 or 20 men from Salem as soon as possible to re lievo men on guard duty In Portland. Enlistments nro now ojwn for tho new military organiztion. It Is probable Uiat at least a part of the Eastern Oregon company of tho Oregon State Police will bo organized in Pendleton. Commandant Jacob Marin, of tho United Spanish War Vctorans, is circulating the application blanks among the members of Malabon camp. Conditions were navcr before more favorable for tho sheep industry in Lake county than at present Owing to tho oxecedingly mild winter tho sheep aro in an good condition as when taken from tho summer range last fall, and as a consequence tho quality of the wool will bo excellent. Wlalliam W. Hall, formerly pitcher of tho Hood River League baseball team and later u star of other Mid Columbia teams, recently enlisted in a squadron of tho Aviation Corps. In a letter to his fa tho r, William Hall, ho announces that he is training as u flyer at a school at Hempstead, N. Y. Seventy-two to four was the final count in tho election affecting water users nt Klamath Fails last Saturday for tho adoption of a contract from the government, by which a district im gation plan of organization will bo followed instead of n water-users' as sociation, ns has been previously main tained. It Is the plan of tho railroad admin sitration to entrust, as far aa possible, to Uio Interstate Commerce commis slon and state commissions duties in connection with tho control of rail roads, according to advices received by Uio Public Survico commission from John Barton Payne, general counsel for Uio Federal board. Ho asks the commission to adviso him as to all matters pending. Tho Polk county grand jury is in session this week looking into alleged pro-German statements of number of citizens. Reports of seditious talk havo been coining in fast to Uiu county officials during Uio past fow monUis and Uio grand jury was called for Uio purposo of probing these charges, Several citizens have lately been ar rested and taken to Portland, from where thoy wero sent to internment camps. "Tho f armors aro mora scared than hurt over tho possibility of a labor ahorUigo at Uio timo of harvesting crops," J. O. Holt, manager of Uio hugeno Fruit Growors' association, said Wednesday. Mr. Holt added that th ore is nn unusually heavy domand from tho East for canned string beans Uiis yoar, but that ho is having much difficulty in inducing farmers to plant thoso beans for fear Uiat pickers will not bo available. Ed Rood was Instantly killed at Itocdsport whllo unloading a car of piling. Having somo difficulty In got ting tho piling started, Rood was ob- llgod to got In tlio track of piling as thoy rollod to tho water. Doforo' ho could cloar ono of tho tlmbors struck him, pinning hlni down, and threo others passod over him, crushing his body and mashing his head to a Jolly. A homo guard company of 111 mon wns organlzod nt Dallas Friday ovon ing. Way no Greenwood wns olected captain, Roy Flrseth first nontenant, and J. R. Slboy second lloutonant. All offlcors will bo sworn In as doputlos to Shorlff Orr and tho company will bo called upon to perform gonoral pollco duty as noodod. During tho Riimmor months tho company will aid m nro. patrol wont. To 0. T. Darloy, nn onglnoor and prominent resident of tho Doniwizn district, hns boon awarded tho con tract for construction or tlio cnnals nnd dltchos of tho OOOncro Yonna Vnlloy unit of tho now Irrigation ays torn which Is bolng launched this yoar at Ilouanza. Tho water will bo ob talnod by Dumping from Lost Rlvor, Tho pumps havo boon ordorcvd nnd will bo Installed boforo tho first of noxt month so that ovorythlng will bo in roadtnoss for watering this year s cropB, 5500 ACRES BOUGHT Rich Reclaimed Tract Abng CoIumLIa River Brings $300,000-Oat and Pasturage ftr First Year. Flfty-fivo hundred acres of choice Imttom land reclaimed from the Co lumbia river, near Clatskanic, in Co lumbia county, Or., has been pur chased from Uio Columbia Agricultural company by a syndicate composed of Ijo Arnett, Portland banker; Max II. Houscr, grain exporter and Federal grain administrator for Uio Northwest; Ralph E. Williams, of Portland and Dallas, and Donald Dell, a New York manufacturer. Tho prico paid for tho property by tho syndicate is announced at $300,000. Tho deal was closed March 2C, but was announced only this. week. At the samo timo it was announced Uiat 3000 of Uio 5500 acres aro to bo seeded at once in oats, so that the first crop may bo gaUicrcd this year. The purchasers, who nave organizcu the Ciatskanie Land company to handle Uio property, havo put up $50,000 to buy the necessary seed and are spend ing $20,000 for farm machinery. Tho remainder of tho property will bo devoted for the present to stock grazing. Whilo plans in this connec tion have not been announced, it is understood Uiat considerable stock is to be purchased. Tho war has resulted in a great de mand for oats to feed the great num ber of horses in the American and al lied armies, and this is understood to bo Uio reason for planting Uio first crop to Uiat grain. Later tho Ciatskanie Land company plans to put Uio land under intensive cultivation, under its own manage ment, for Uio raising of potatoes and oUior vegetables in large quantities for Uio Portland market. Willard N. Jones is already in charge of Uio property as manager for the company, lno lana is satu to do ono of Uio richest tracts in Oregon, the soil beimr peaty and very fertile. It is a part of 10,000 acres that have been diked and reclaimed by the Co lumbia Argicultural company. Labor Scarce at Walla Walla. Walla Walla Tho farmers' union, assisted by Uio county agricultural agent, has started a campaign to get moro farm help. There is a shortage. One farmer had to stop his plow teams, bcinc unable to get men. An effort will bo made to havo clerks and others who work in the city go into the har vest fields this fall. GOOD ROADS OF THE FUTURE NORTHWEST MARKET REPORT Wheat Bulk basis for No. 1 grade: Hard white, $2.05. Soft white, $2.03. White club, $2.01. Red Walla, $1.98. No. 2 grade, 3c less; No. 3 grade, 6c less. Other grades handled by sample. Flour Patents, $10 per barrel; whole wheat, $9.60; graham, $9.20; barley flour, $14.5015.00; rye flour, $10.7512.75; corn meal, white, $6.50; yellow, $6.25 per barrel. Millfeed Net mill prices, car lots Bran, $30.00 per ton; shorts, $32; middlings, $39; mixed cars and less than carloads, 50c more; rolled barley, $77(?fl79: rolled oats, $76. Corn Whole, $77 per ton; cracked, $78. Hay Buying prices, delivered Eastern Oregon timothy, $2930 per ton; valley timothy, ?2526; alfalfa, $2424.50; valloy grain hay, $22 clovor. $1920.00; straw, $9.0010. Butter Cubes, extras, 37Jc; prime firsts. 37c: prints, extras, 42c; car tons, lc extra; butterfat, No. 1, 41c delivered. Err Ranch, current receipts, 331 34c; candled, 3435c; selects, 36c ner dozen. Poultry Hens, 28c; broilers, 40c; ducks, 32c; geese, 20c; turkeys, live, 26(i?)27c; dressed, 37c per pound. Veal Fancy, 18i19c. Pork Fancy, 2323Jc per pound. Sack Vegetables Carrots, $.1.15 por sack; turnips, $1.50; parsnips, $1.25; beets. $2. Potatoes Oregon Burbanks, 75c $1 ner hundred; new California, 10c per pound; sweet potatoos, 10c per pound. Onions Jobbing prices, lljc per pound. Cattle April 16, 1918. Med. to choice steors. . . .$11.7512.25 Good to med. steors 10.7511.75 Com. to good steors 9.0010.00 Choice cows and heifers. 10.0011.00 Com. to good cows nnd hf 6.00 9.50 Cannors a.oo o.uu Bulls 5.50 9.50 Calves 7.5012.00 Stockers and feeders.... 6.50 9.50 Hoirs Prime mixed $17.6017.75 Medium mixed 17.3517.50 Rough hoavios 16.3516.50 Pigs 15.0016.00 Bulk 17.60 Sheep Primo Bpring lamb3 $ 20.00 Heavy lambs 16.5018.00 Yearlings 15.0016.25 WoUiors 13.0013.50 Ewob 12.0012.50 ROAD-51JILDING Stepu Should Be Taken Immediately to Provide New Highways and Keep Them In Condition. While wo have n very considerable mileage of so-called good roads In this country, It Is an undoubted fact that tho greater portion ore not of a char acter to sustain ccccssfully Uic heavy motor truck traffic that Is now appear ing on them, nnd which will certainly Increase rapidly In the near future. To meet the new conditions steps should be at once taken to formulate Re-enforced Concrete Culvert. a systematic plan not only to provide new roads, adapted to Uie new traffic, but to maintain them in operative con dition. Provision should also be made for the re-bulldlng of much of the older mileage. What the nature of Uie con struction of these new reads shall be Is a matter for the engineers to solve, but there Is no quesUon but Uiat there must be better drainage, better mate rial and very much heavier foundations than have ordinarily prevailed In the past, especially as wIUi smooth road surface the speed of these trucks Is sure to be greatly Increased. England has had her experience In this matter, for, what with heavy traffic added to lack of maintenance, on account of wa' neccsslUes, there Is hardly a main road In the country that Is not utterly worn out, although they have been accus tomed to build much more heavily than we have In the United States. Scientific American. GUIDE FOR ROAD ENGINEERS Office of Public Roads and Rural En gineering Makes Public Desir able Standards. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment or Agriculture.) In order to assist In bringing about a greater uniformity in the highways of the country nnd to aid Uie better roads movement in some states, the office of public roads and rural en gineering of the United States depart ment of agriculture has published standard forms for speclflcaUons, standard methods of testing materials, standard Tonus for reporting test re sults, and standnrd methods of samp ling materials. The publication of the standards was made desirable by the necessity for co-operative work h the office and the states In the carrying out of the federal aid conference partici pated In by representatives of the of fice of public roads and rural en gineering nnd of a large number of the states. They are published as de partment bulletin No, 555 of the Unit ed States department of ngrlculture. MORE GOOD ROADS REQUIRED Necessary to Handle Commerce on. Ac count of Inadequate Railroad Transportation. Railroad transportation Is inade quate to handle our commerce, and good roads must bo constructed rap Idly and comprehensively that truck lines running on regular schedule with stations and terminal facilities, may bo established to take care of the Immense productions of tho land. Pro duction beyond local needs becomes nn economic loss If tho things produced cannot bo delivered to the factory or consumer safely nnd profitably. INTERESTED IN GOOD ROADS Mileage of Gravel and Stone Highways Increasing Automobile of Great Assistance. Thero is widespread nnd increasing Interest In good roads In Illinois. Tho main traveled highways especially nro wide, well graded nnd well dragged. Tho mileage of gravel nnd stone roads Is Increasing, and a good deal of hard road of a still more permanent char acter Is being built. Tho advent of tho automobile has dono much to mako good roads enthusiasts of farmers, and with their nctlvo Interest Uie work of Improvement Is progressing rapidly.