The Athena press., March 13, 1908, Image 2

XrUTTJCKT'S TOBACCO WAR.
Tight BIder Inflict an Aggregate
Loss of Nearly $1,000,000.
The last exploit of the Kentucky
tobacco night riders in seizing the city
of Hopklusville, destroying $200,000
worth of property and seriously wound
ing two men, ban aroused an intensity
tf interest throughout the State and far
beyond Its borders. Theje riders are
the most conspicuous feature of the
war that Is being waged by the tobacco
ixowers of Kentucky against the Ameri
can Tobacco Company. By reducing
the competition In the buying of tobac
co to practically nothing the company
forced down the price of leaf tobacco
until the growers say they can not real
ize enough to pny for raiHlng It. The
tobaoco crop In a mainstay in many
parts of Kentucky, and thousand de
pend on it for their dnliy bread. The
growers determined to force the price
up.
The plan proposed In the beginning,
and which Is still being followed, was
to form a combination of the growers
to oppose the combination of the manu
facturers and by withholding the to
bacco make the tobacco' trust coine to
terms. Many associations of growers
have been formed In the different to
bacco raising regions of Kentucky. Hut
ome of the growers did not come Into
the association ranks and others grew
weary of waiting and sold their crops.
The more violent men in the associa
tions have resorted to the measures
that gave rise to the night riders, and
by destroying the property of the to
baoco company and the growers who
are not allied with them have sought
to carry through their plan by force
and terror.
' Tho Hopklnsville rail was the second
time in twelve months that the night
riders seized and terrorized a city. On
December 1, 1000, they entered Prlnee-
SKETCH OF COURT
ton, Ky., a town of several thousand
Inhabitants, about thirty miles north of
Ilopklnsvllle, took possession of the po
lice and fire departments, the water
works, the telephone and telegraph of
fices and with tho town shut off from
the rest of the world dynamited and set
Are to the Steger & Dollar nud the
John C. Orr tobacco factories, which
were allied with the trust.
The first appearance of the night
riders was In November, lOOd, when
they destroyed Borne tobacco barns nnd
email factories In Todd County, with a
loss of about $10,000. The first raid
came on the night of November 11,
1000, when masked bands entered the
towns of Eddyvllle and Kuttawa, situ
ated close together In Lyou nnd Cald
well Counties, and destroyed tho plants
of tho American Snuff Company and
M. 0. Rice, with $20,000 loss.
Besides these there have been many
mailer raids nnd visits to individual
growers. Tobacco barns have been
burned, growers who refused to pool
;thelr tobacco have been taken from
their homes and whlpied, houses have
been fired Into and the occupants
wounded. The aggregate losses by
these rnlds amount to nearly $1,000,000.
!
A Synthetic) Health Creed.
! The "baek-to-nnture" movement, of
which the most prominent lenders are Dr.
J. H. Kellogg of Battle Creek, Dr. Dewey,
Profs. Fisher and Chittenden of Yale and
Prof. Metclmlkoft of Russia, has now
'found a synthetialng exposition at the
bands of Dr. Daniel 8. Sngor In s new
book published hy Stokea, entitled, "The
'Art of Living In Good Health." This
Dew apostle of the simpler life, with the
added authority of a successful "M. D.,"
commends much of the work of those
pioneers nnd founds his system on a
creed, the vest-pocket edition of which Is:
f'Breathe deep ; chew long ; drink enough ;
eat little." Bathing, exercise, early sleep
and cheerfulness are other articles.
. American Wine Nobel Prise.
' The University of Chicago hears that
the head of Its department of physics,
Fvof. Albert A. Mlehelfcon, la to receive
jthe year's Nobel prize for the best work
In his line. Prof. Mlohelson la now hi
London, where the Copley medal has been
awarded to him by the London Royal So
ciety. Dr. Mlehelaon la the discoverer of
a method of measuring the velocity of
light. Though born In Germany, he has
lived here aluee childhood and la a grad
uate of the Naval Academy at Annapolis.
JletaBowCO.
ril llin I jk! mWmi com vOOliRT
CAEE TOE EX-PEESIDEHTS, IS
, PLEA OF GBOVEB CLEVELAND
Urges Duty to Make Provision for
Men Who Have Filled Highest
Post in Nation.
Iteferrlng to the poverty of Jefferson
when he left the presidency as a blow
to national pride, Grover Cleveland,
writing In the Youth's Companion un
der to title "Our People and Their ex
Presidents," argues that definite and
generous provision should be made for
The maintenance of chief magistrates
at the expiration of their terms. He
deals with the subject at length and
explains that lie feels he can do so
without his sincerity being quesiloned,
since he i beyond the need of aid
from the public treasury.
"The condition Is by no means met,"
Mr. Cleveland writes, "by the' meager
and spasmodic relief occasionally fur
nished under the guise of a military
pension or some other pretext, nor
would it be best met by making com
pensation dependent upon the discharge
of senatorial or other official duty. Our
people ought to make definite and dec
orous provisions for nil cases alike,
based on motives of Justice and fair
ness, and adequate to the situation."
Mr. Cleveland describes the limita
tions that his former high office place
on a retired President In his choice of
occupations and means of livelihood,
and how popular conception of him as a
repository of national dignity enforces
a scale of living that may not be within
his private means.
"There Is a sort of vague, but noue
the less imperative, feeling abroad in
the land that one who has occupied the
great olnee of President holds In trust
for his fellow citizens a certain dig
nity which, in his conduct and manner
of life, he is bound to protect against
ROOM AND CHIEF FIGURES IN THE
loss or deterioration. Obedience to this
obligation prescribes for him only such
work as In . popular Judgment Is not
undignified. This suggests without ar
gument a reciprocal connoctlon be
tween the curtailment of opportunities
nud a reasonable obligation of indem
nification." One division of the Cleveland article
Is devoted to the "Occupations of an
ex-President," and In It the former
President reveals the multiplicity of
things which persons endeavor to bring
to the attention of the retired states
man anil the class of affairs he is asked
to engage In.
NEWS OF MINOR NOTE.
The Central Hotel at Colon, Panama,
was burned. Loss $3,000.
Fire In the York building la Boston,
caused a loss of $100,000 to several manu
facturing firms ami to the owner of the
building.
Judge Strimpie, in Cleveland appointed
Owen L. Wilcox aa receiver for the Cleve
land aud Sharon Electric Railway Com
pany In order to defeat the alleged plot
of majority stockholders to freeze out the
minority.
Dr. John M. Flint, formerly of Chi
cago, now of the University of California,
was chosen to succeed Dr. William Car
mall as head of the department of sur
gery In the Yale Medical school at New
Haven, Conn.
Sir John Roger, Governor of the Eng
lish Gold Const colony, told a Philadel
phia audience the negro was the greatest
problem confronting civilization and was
becoming as acute in the English colo
nies as in the United States.
Queen Alexandra of England spent her
bhthdny at Snndringhnm, whore the cus
tomnry celebrations were held. The King
and Queen of Norway were among the
.visitors. Handsome gifts were received
fiom most of the crowned heads of Eu
rope. According to advices received from
Washington, the government officials are
not satisfied with the new double eagle
being coined at the Philadelphia mint,
and have ordered coinage stopped tempo
rarily to permit a change in the process.
The design of the coin will not be chang
ed. James Douglas, vice president of the
American Institute of Mining Engiueers,
has presented to the government four
acres of land on "the palisades of the Hud
son, near Fort Lee. aa a site for a monu
ment to commemorate the deeds of the
continental soldiers during the Revolu
tionary war.
ESTATES OF OLD SOLDIEES.
An Ohio County, to Fight United
States for $500,000.
Frank W. Howell, a Dayton lawyer
Is now entitled to tia world's record
as administrator tC estates. He has
been appointed by Judge C. W. Dale as
administrator of 8,432 estates, and has
been compelled to give bond In the
stun of $3,200,000.
. The appointment as administrator
grew out of the following situation :
The central branch of the National
Military Homes Is located at Dayton,
and wa9 established by the United
States government, by a special act,
March 3, 18!3. The Jurisdiction of this
large tract of ground, more than a
mile square in extent, was ceded to th
United States government by the State
of Ohio April 13, 1SG7.
Upon this land the Central Branch
of the National Military Homes was
built for disabled soldiers nnd sailors
who have fought the battles for liberty
and union. As far as the United States
government Is concerned nothing has
been neglected, and the central branch
is a veritable paradise.
If all the veterans who entered the
central branch had lived there would
have been ?io contention and nothing
to narrate. When death comes the
veteran receives a decent and honor
able burial, and his belongings are col
lected, nnd if not claimed by relatives,
are fold, and the money, together with
all of the pension money to which he
Is entitled, is placed in the "posthu
mous fund," which la iu the keeping of
the treasurer of the Central Branch,
National Military Homes. Sometimes
the deceased veteran leaves consider
able property which he has gained by
Investment or speculation with his
pension money. Four test cases arc
now being fought out to determine
whether these estates shall revert to
THAW TRIAL.
the Montgomery County treasurer oi
the United States government. It Ii
contended by Mr. Howell, the admin
istrator, that the money left by the old
veterans who die intestate belongs to
Montgomery County and should go to
ward the school fund. United States
District Attorney McPherson of Cin
cinnati Is looking after the interests of
the government. He claims that the
money belongs to the United States.
The amount Involved In the cases rep
resented by Mr. Howell, the adminis
trator, Is something over $500,000.
An Apoatle of Happiness.
Miss Laurence Alma-Tadema, daughter
of the well-known artist and author oi
several successful novels, has come from
her English home to lecture In America
on "Happiness." When asked by a New
York reporter to tell what she meant by
happiness, Miss Alma-Tadema said it
would take an hour and twenty minutes
to tell that, and it had taken her five
months to write down what had required
years to learn. As to how It could be at
tained, she is quoted as saying: "By man
aging one's self; by working hard and
developing one's self to the limit. It
never comes except by being sought It
Is not a matter of condition or of wealth.
It does not depend on marriage." Hap
piness lies in the curtailment of desire.
Do without things.
Our Manufacturing Ontpnt.
John M. Carson, chief of the Bureau
of Manufactures at Washington, now esti
mates that the annual production of man
ufactures in the United States Is $13,
000.000,000, this being the total published
In his annual report. Of this total, about
$l,OStf,000,000 worth were exported, in
cluding foodstuffs partly manufactured
and parts for further use In manufacture.
This was over half the entire export trade
of the year.
Carnegie Abolishes Age Limit."
On observing his 70th birthday anni
versary . recently Andrew Carnegie ax
pressed the opinion that a man's useful
ness increases with age. When asked If
a man could accomplish as much at 70 as
at 40, he replied : "More, bless you, mow.
Al1 things being equal, a man's efficiency
is increased at 70, He Is equipped with
greater experience." The recipe he gave
for happiness was "To obey the judge
within and make others happy."
The report of the bureau of manufac
tures just Issued sets the value of the
annual production by manufacturers to
the United States at $13,000,000.
Polata la Batter Making.
When butter will not gather the
difficulty can be traced usually to ad
vanced lactation or too low a tempera
ture of cream. The milk from one
cow long In lactation Is sufficient to
spoil a whole churning. The viscosity
of such milk renders separation of but
ter fata slow and imperfect It often
happens during the winter months that
butter, or cream, rather, will break or
separate Into small particles, which re
fuse to adhere or gather, In spite of all
coaxing. The only remedy is to raise
the temperature of the whole mass up
to the proper degree. In this work the
dairy thermometer is almost indis
pensable, as it will save much time
and worry. If the churn Is a revolv
ing one and the cream Just breaks into
minute particles, refusing to gather,
then add warm water to that used in
rinsing the butter until it reaches about
64 degrees. The butter particles will
generally adhere after a few revolu
tion of the churn. Trouble of this
kind can be avoided. Before attempt
ing to churn the cream should be test
ed until 64 degrees Is reached In win
ter, and should be smooth and velvety
and have the required degree of acid
ity. If this degree of warmth is not
imparted to cream by the temperature
of the room-in which It Is kept, then It
can be raised to the right degree by
setting the cream Jar or can In a
larger one containing warm water.
Field and Farm.
Rack lor Dehorning.
In the construction of this rack for
dehorning, there are three sill pieces
1 feet long and 4 In. x 4 In. These are
mortised 8 inches each side of the cen
ter for the posts. Four of these posts
1 are B ft 4 in. long, and the two others
5 ft 8 In. long. Three cap pieces 8 In.
x 4 In., and 4 ft 2 In. long, are mor
tised to fit over the tops of the posts.
The stanchions in front are bolted at
the bottom between a 2 la. x 4 In. piece,
and the sill, leaving a space up and
down In front five Inches wide. Two
and a half feet from the bottom of the
itanchlon cut a place for the animal's
neck. The lever, which can be made of
wagon tire, Is 5 feet 6 in. long. A -Inch
hole is punched In the top of the
lever, a second hole 13 Inches from
the top hole, and a third hole 11 Inches
DEHOBNINQ BACK.
from the second hole. The upper hole
Is for the attachment of two iron straps
' one on each side, which are fastened to
jthe left hand stanchion. From the
lower hole two pieces of iron 14 Inches
long go to the right hand stanchion.
Winter Work on Farm,
One of the greatest needs on the
average Southern farm nowadays is
more work In winter. Ever since I
could remember, It has seemed to me
that life on the common Georgia farm
is too much of a happy-go-lucky style.
To get results In anything, one has to
keep everlastingly at It, so' to speak.
For years I have heard staid old farm
era discussing fall plowing and spring
plowing, but I have seen too little of
It In actual observation, writes J. 0.
M., In the Southern Cultivator.
There used to be an Idea, which is
still prevalent, concerning results from
fall and winter plowing. Some ar
gued it was injurious to plow deep in
the fall, others that It was absurd to
plow In the springtime to any great
depth. The truth of the matter Is that
good plowing at any time when the
soil Is In good condition Is a good thing
to do. Usually In the spring the sub
soli Is too wet to plow, and when It
Is turned up or broken In this condi
tion damaging results are likely to oc
cur. .
.. - How to Kill a PI.
The pig should be thrown on its back,
and held until stuck. One man should
stand astride the body, with his feet
close against Its sides and take hold
of the front legs. In this way the hog
can be easily controlled. Another per
son should do the sticking. A narrow,
stralght-bladed knife, eight .inches
long, should be Inserted In the hog's
throat, after making an Incision
through the skin, just In front of the
breast bone. The point of the knife
should be directed toward the root of
the tall and held exactly in line with
the backbone. When the knife has
been run into the throat six or eight
Inches, the depth depending on the size
of the bog. It should be given a quick
turn to one side and withdrawn. The
arteries that are to be cut run close
together, Just inside of the breast bone,
and will both be cut when the knife is
turned, provided It is sharp on both
stdes of the point A pig killed In this
way will die in a very few minutes,
tad will bleed out thoroughly.
ism
fleif-Cioatna- Doora.
The inner doors of the barn should
me so arranged that they will close of
themselves; this Is particularly neces
sary if they open Into the granary or
other room, where the animals ought
not to enter. A simple contrivance Is
to fasten a weight to the door, so that
it will close readily of itself. Hard
ware stores sell spring hinges which
answer the desired purpose for heavy
doors, but the weight and pulley is to
be preferred for lighter doors. A sim
ple arrangement Is to have the black
smith make boles at intervals in a flat
strip of Iron, so that It may be screwed
to the door near the top. Hook a chain
in the bole in the end of this strip, run
it through a pulley (obtainable at a
hardware store for a few cents) fasten
ed to the frame of the door or the Jamb,
as It is popularly known, and on the
other end fasten a piece of iron of the
desired weight Usually window
weights are used for this purpose, but
they should not be so heavy, for a light
door, that they will cause the door to
close too quickly. The illustration
shows the idea plainly.
Setting Treea la Winter.
Fruit and shade trees may be set any
time during the winter if the soil Is In
proper condition for the. work, says a
report by the Oklahoma Station. The
condition of the soil at the time treea
are set has more to do with the success
or failure of the trees than does the
season of setting. If the land Is In
good condition In the fall, and the trees
can be obtained, It is better to set them
then than to wait and run the risk of
not having the soli in good condition
later on. The land should be In a thor
ough state of cultivation and should be
moist enough to work well when the
trees are set If they are in good con
dition there is no need of watering
them.
Trees set in the fall may be a little
difficult to protect from rabbits, but
they are usually in. better condition to
start growth In the spring than those
that have been heeled In all winter.
There are not so many poor trees sold
in the fall as in the spring, and for this
reason fall setting usually gives better
results than spring setting.
Weight of Lime Per Bushel.
In connection with a very thorough
study of the quality of various kinds of
lime used for agricultural purposes in
New Jersey, L. A. Vorhees, of the New
Jersey Station, made careful estimates
of the weight per bushel of the different
materials.
His results show "that the weight of
stone lime per bushel (heaped meas
ure), is quite variable and without any
constant relation to the analysis of the
samples. The average weight per
bushel of the twelve magneslan limes
was ninety-seven pounds, and that of
the six 'marble limes waB 101 pounds."
The weight per bushel of seven oyster
shell limes examined varied from
thirty-nine to seventy-five pounds, av
eraging fifty-one and a half pounds.
The prepared or so-called "agricul
tural" limes examined were still more
variable in weight
Feed tor Breeding Animals.
It is Important that breeding auimalb
have laxative feeds when they are put
upon dry feeds after being taken-from
the pasture. - Such articles as oil meal,
flaxseed meal, etc., should enter large
ly Into the ration. When animals are
changed from pasture to dry feeding
there Is a tendency to constipation, and
steps must be taken to have the bow
els move freely, or there Is danger of
serious trouble. In case the above ar
ticles do not have the desired effect,
Epsom salts or raw linseed oil must
be used.
Lesson la Reclaiming Waate Land
On King Island, formerly a barren
sand heap, rising above the sea be
tween Tasmania and Australia, acci
dent has given a suggestive lesson In
the use of certain grasses for reclaim
ing arid wastes. A few years ago a
w in
SELF-CLOSINO POOH.
shipwreck cast on shore -some mat- j through the nignt, there is room enough
tresses stuffed with yellow flowered ,eft .ln barrel to contract Anoth
clover. A few seeds took root, caus- er reason why It should be wound up
Ing a large area to become covered , ,n tne morning Is that the spring, will
with rich verdure. The power of clo-tnen nave more power and thus will
ver and other leguminous plants to fer- be ln a better condition to resist the
tlllze poor soil through their nitrogen
absorbing bacteria is well known.
Reasons for Pruning. .,
The chief reasons for pruning tree .
are to modify the vigor of the tree; tt
produce larger and better fruit; to keep
the tree within manageable shape and
limits; to change the habit of the tree
from fruit to wood productions, or vice
versa ; to remove surplus or Injured
parts; to facilitate harvesting and
spraylng; to facilitate tillage, and to
fin to -ne desired form, ,
TUADITION3 OF THE ORTF.TTT.
Jellies af Iadla Kaowa Under Ma'ay
Names.
Of the countless attractions India
offers none are greater than her rich
stories of myth and tradition. Ori
ental scholars have unfolded for us
that Hindoo religion In a dim and
snaaowy past contentea useir wnn
venerating some of nature's more lm-
pressive phenomena. Space, the starry
firmament and the light of day under
the poetic names of Ardltl, Varuna and
Mltra provided the sacred triad of
this archaic worship; but with the
l- -. i. Al. AA tf
ujnruu ui ceuiunes meie irumc ou auu-' i
ed roll of deities of which Brahma
himself was chief, says the London
Lady. According to Borne writers, his
two brothers, Vishnu and Shiva, were
equally powerful, the former as pre
server of Brahma's creations, the lat
ter as destroyer. Vishnu . Is famous
for his countless metamorphoses and
appears In the sacred books under no
fewer than 1,000 different names. He
remains the most popular deity among
the Hindoos, who believe his final
metamorphosis that of a horse is yet
to come. While awaiting this last
chance he Is thought to be resting in
a sea of milk, with a serpent for his
pillow. The River Ganges la supposed
to Issue from his right foot.
The god Shiva also figures In Hindoo
mythology under 1,000 different names,
and is Invariably represented In some
repellant form. Idols show blm at one
time with five fnces, at another with
three eyes, while a third will represent
him with a necklace of skuUs, thick,
matted hair and a horn projecting from
one of his temples. The great rock-cut
temple of the Island of Elephants la
sacred to this god. Around the rain
god of India have gathered countless
traditions, among which are those of
his constant conflicts with his thunder
bolt, Vajar; Vnya, the wind god;
Shushna, the parcher, and Ahl, the eon
finer. The aim of this last named god
Is to confine and dry up the rivers and
seas. Much homage Is paid to Indra
by ' the other gods, according to the
Rlg-Vedas, he being head of the heav
en of the gods. He appears to have
drunk freely of soma, the nectar of the
Hindoo deities.
An ideal light that the sacred writ
ings would wish him to be viewed in
must fall when one reads of the hymns
put in his mouth by the mystic scribes.
It Is a natural outcome of India's cli
mate that Indra should enter largely
Into her scheme of legend. Just as
Apollo and Baldur, the Norse sun god,
provided so much mythical charm In
cooler regions, bo does Indra in the
land of parching plains and scorching
rays. A Hindoo bride Is not greeted
with pretty wishes that the sun should
light her path; the shimmering rain
drop, Indra's precious gift, Is the bless
ing Invoked on the head of the Indian
child-wife. .
Among the arts that Indra Is sup
posed to delight In are those of muslo
and dancing. The sacred books relate
how hosts of beautiful damsels, called
Asparasen, fill his heavenly courts.
Tradition gives them a dwelling place
on earth as well as In-heaven, their
office being to test the virtue of her
mits in their solitude. It was hard on
these lovely beings that, should they
succeed In their arts, they should im
mediately be turned to pillars of stone.
It ia part of the Brahmnn creed that
Sarasvatl, Brahma's wife, gave the
vlna to mankind, the god Nareda show
them how it was played and teaching
them the sacred hymns that called
down the thrice-blessed rain and velle4
the blazing Bkles with cloud.
To the god Krishna music has a spe?
clal consecration, his traditional com
panlons on each .being the gopls (shop
herdesses), who drew gazelles after .
them when they Bang to the vlnas. All
sorts of pretty traditions gather round
this god In connection with music. Its
soothing virtues, however, did not over
rule his ruder qualities, for he gloried
In war and was guilty of many indi
vidual massacres. . His warriors when
dying were always laid on arrows, dart
upward, in order to the last that they
should be goaded Into consciousness
and listen to long addresses from holy
men on the transmigration of souls.
With the passing of the ages Buddha
appears on the scenes of Hindoo belief
Winding a Watch.
"You wouldn't think," paid a watcb,
maker to a New York Sun man, "that
It would make any difference whether
a watch Is wound up In the morning
or at night, but it does make consider
able difference.
"When a wntch is wound up at night,
coming out of a warm pocket, and laid
down or hung tip In a cool place, the
mainspring' will contract by the cooling
off ofothe metals. Being wound up
tightly all chance of contracting has
been shut off and the spring Is bound
to break.
"If, however, the watch Is. wound up
In the morning, having partly run down
disturbing movement of the bearer dur
ing the daytime.
"Being generally In a horizontal po-
sltion during the nleht and mnnlne
with less iower. the horizontal nositlon
In which the balance runs more freely,
will operate to make the length of the
swing of the balance wheel during the
night as nearly as iwsslble the same as
in the day time."
-
Notice the smile of pity that old mnr-
r,ed fo,ks snow wnpn thev witness the
enths il ism o f the newly married I