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About The Athena press. (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 23, 1907)
'J- Automatic W'ngoi Brake. 'A wagon brake -which operates au tomatically Las been recently patented by a Mississippi man. The ordinary ar rangement of attaching a foot lever be neath the driver's seat, connecting with the brake, Is entirely dispensed with. The driver Is not required to handle the brake In any way, the simple halt Ing of the horses only being necessary. As shown In the Illustration, the brake is pivoted so as to come In contact with the rim of the rear wheel. On the extreme outer eTid of the shafts Is a vertical pivoted lever, one end of which connects with' a rod extending to the brake. The upper end of this lever Is connected by a strap or chain to the harness on the horse. As shown, Lev A at THROWS A SHAKE AUTOMATICALLY. the top of this lever Is normally In advance of the lever end. Obviously a pulling pressure exerted by a back ward movement of the horses- in stop ping will force the brake against the rear wheel. The driver In stopping his thorses In this way automatically throws on the brake. Effect of Meat-Inapectlon Law. In an address delivered before the New York State Breeders' Association, at Syracuse, G. P. McCabe, of the United States Department of Agricul ture, discussed the principal provisions of the United States meat-inspection law, the manner in which the provi sions are enforced, and the bearing of the law upon the production' and han dling of meats. : - "To secure the best results, the breeders and feeders of every State In the Union should take up vigorously the question of the extension of mar kets and should back the Department of Agriculture in an Insistend demand jfor an absolutely efficient vigilant, fair and square meat Inspection. If a due regard be had for clean- ' Uness, decency and honesty In the pre paration and marketing of our meat products, the United States will con tinue to lead the world In the live stock and meat trade." ' Coat of Hauling- Crop. The bureau of statistics recently sent out a special Inquiry circular to ascer tain the cost of hauling farm crops to shtpplng points, and the compiled re sults representing replies from nenrly 2,000 counties in different parts of the United States Indicate that the quan tity, of farm produce annually hauled amounts to 40.000,000 tons. The cost of hauling the same Is estimated at ap proximately $85,000,000, which Is an average of 8V6 cents per hundred weight In general, the hauling cost Is to a large extent dependent upon the value of the articles hauled, the more valu able products taken to market oftener and in smaller loads, and therefore at a greater cost Corn, wheat hay and potatoes are hauled at from 7 to 0 cents per 100 pounds ; tobacco and hogs at 10 cents per 100 pounds ; cotton, 18 cents, and wool, 44 cents. Dlaeaae In Manor. Manure heaps are responsible for many diseases that appear on farms. Even the well water may become wn- tamlnated, though the heap may be some distance from It Typhoid fever and diphtheria have appeared in fam ilies living a mile or more from neigh bors, and where It was apparently Im possible for the families to be attack ed, A French scientist who lnvestlgat n ed diseases on farms In France, found " that there was some relation between manure heaps and epidemics of diph theria. Statistics In Scotland and Prus ela show that the rate of mortality from diphtheria Is higher In rural dis tricts. It Is suggested that all manure Should be kept in closed locations, hav ing cement sides and bottoms. Bounty on Inaecta. In some parts of Germany, where the common European beetle, known as Melolontha vulgarus, or cockchafer, occurs In great numbers, and Is a con siderable pest, especially In the larvae state, the school children are paid a bounty for the collection of these in sects, and enormous quantities of them have been gotten together in some local ities In this manner. It Ts now pro posed to And a commercial use for these .beetles, such as the manufacture of fertilizer, as a foodstuff, and In the preparation of axle greases, for all of which purposes they have been used to pw& extent In tbe past row Itacklaa- Wheat. To stack wheat before threshing so that it will be dry when that time comes, Is .the desire of every farmer who raises that cereal. Mr. C.T. Prltchard, of Randolph, Clay, county, Mo., has a system that be has used for a generation, and he never lost a bit of wheat by dampness in the stack. lie has a great reputation In his home for this class of work, and he spends large part of his time in showing oth ers how to do It. He gives a descrip tion of his method as follows : "To stack wheat or oats so stack will not take 'water. Commence the stack or rick any way you wish. But when you have the stack five or six feet high, Just reverse the usual way of stacking, and do It from the center to the outer edge, Instead of from the outer edge to the center. When you begin at the center to stack out lay two or three bundles so as to keep the center highest with a good slant to ward the outer edge. If at any time the outer edge gets too high, stop be fore you get there, and go back to the center and commence again. Be sure to keep the center highest with a good slant to the outside. "This way is Just about the same as one shock on top of the other, only more slant to the bundles. "There Is no slip or slide. It Is fast and easy, and sure keeps the stack dry. If you are stacking the usual way, and the stack should begin to slip, Just go to the center and work out and see how quickly you stop the slipping. Mix it up a little work from the center part of the time. Try It." " ' ' Prey of the Sparrow Hawk. The sparrow hawk almost Invariably catches a flying. bird for Its meal, even striking down birds as large as the wood pigeon, though usually going no higher than a black bird. It does not exactly swoop like the larger hawks, yet It must have conditions of chase of Its own choosing. That Is why the small birds usually mob It with impu nlty when tbey are numerous enough to bewilder It Once, however, I saw a sparrow hawk that had been molest ed for some minutes by a perfect cloud of green finches, dart among them and secure a victim. The other day I had one of these birds pointed out as the one which, a few days earlier, had come close to the house toward dusk and caught a bat on the wing. That however, Is a very unusual meal. London News. The Erar and the Chick. ' That Immutable law of physics that matter cannot be annihilated, or, vice versa, created out of nothing, appears to have some doubters even In this day of general education. The old query, which weighs the most the egg or the chicken that is hatched from the egg, Is a very good example of this lack of faith. To settle the matter for the hundredth time, experiments were re cently undertaken at one of the agri cultural stations ensaeed In ooultry studies., It was found that a fertile egg during the process of Incubation lost a little over 20 per cent in weight while the chick hatched from such an egg weighed 80 per cent less than the egg before Incubation. A sterile egg receiving similar treatment lost not quite 16 per cent In weight The Caraon Apple. The original tree of the Carson apple was obtained from an apple seedling nursery In Ohio, owned by a family named Carsoa Its excellent record for product lveness, beauty and quality In northern Ohio "'for half a century renders It worthy L of experimental planting through out the lake region and the New En gland States, both for the home or chard and as a commercial variety. In commending this variety William A. Taylor, bureau of plant industry, gives the following description: Form oblate, sometimes slightly conical : size large j surface smooth, with occa sional russet knobs and patches; color pale yellow, wash ed splashed and narrowly striped with bright crimson; dots rather large, conspicuous and pro truding; cavity medium, regular, deep, russeted; stem of medium length and rather slender; basin very lar, deep, abrupt, furrowed and sometimes rus seted; calyx segments converging; eye large, closed; skin thin, tough; flesh yellowish, with satiny luster when fresh cut; texture fine, tender, Juicy; core small, broad, oval, clasping, near ly closed; seeds few, plump, medium brown; flavor subacid, pleasant; quali ty very good. Season November to March In northern Ohio. Tree vigorous and upright In habit very productive. The Cow aa a Machine. As an Illustration of the efficiency of a good cow, as a machine for the man ufacture of milk and butter from grain, the record is given of a Holsteln cow at the age of 3 years, which, during one year, produced milk amounting to 18, YT3 pounds, or over nine tons Of milk ontalnlng (120 pounds of butter. The net profit figured In mamtatning such i cow Is stated to be about (150 per innuiu. - Peachea and Pluma. , peach will not thrive on low ground; but prefers an elevated situa tion always: plmns prefer a stiff, damp oll to a H?ht one ' Therefore, plum -stock are often used for an orchard if peaches where the latter are to be ulanted In low ground. mm W r 1 nW J WOMEN'S LEAGUE "FORMED. Banal Saff race Movement to Become x National la Scope. ' : ; ' The American men folks are In for It The suffragetes are coming! The move ment started In England has -been taken up in New' York. Plans of or ganization are under way and the equal suffrage women In other cities are be coming Interested. The New York as sociation is known as the Women's League. . It Is purposed to make Its ini tial salute an agitation such as has had no parallel since Elizabeth Cady Stan ton held her woman's rights conven tion. It Is to be launched- as a federa tion of the women of the State, looking to a larger national council, and a com mittee at Albany to lobby for every measure that affects the, sex will be a vital part of the program. , The movement. Is headed by Mrs. Dore Lyon, who Is president of the Eclectic Club and one of the best dress ed, women In New York. But behind her looms Mrs. Harriet Stanton Blatch, daughter of the late Elizabeth Cady Sfantoii. It was Mrs; Blatch who fired the first shot In the proposed campaign last winter, when she organized the League of Self-Supporting Women. The plans of the American suffrag etes Is to conduct a militant campaign such as the women of London carried forward until they awoke all England. At the last meeting of the Women's League Mrs. Wells, a London member of the "fighting women," told how they "boo-ed" an obnoxious member of par liament from a public meeting. ; 'Mrs. Blatch' here arose and said that women had been Insulted by a promi nent legislator at Albany recently when they went there to secure certain rights. MBS. HARRIET STANTON BLATCH. Mrs. Blatch remarked that this man would have occasion to regret it at his next public declaration because ' - "the women would be there." That Indicates the temper of these new American suf fragettes. There are many well-known women In the movement j i ' f ' ' IS IT A TEE ASUEE CHEST? 1 . ''" Officer a of the Alabama Make Dis covery In Cnban Water. While the various battleships com prising the Atlantic fleet were at the rendezvous on the south shore of Cuba It came to pass on one stilly morning In April last that one of these, the Alabama, flagship of the second squad ron, must needs lose - an ' awning stanchion by dropping It overside, says the New York Times. Now, awning stanchions are not a very Important part in the equipment of a battleship, and one more or less makes no serious difference. Tills one had gone overboard In about seventy feet of water, and at about the same time the crew was going to breakfast so no effort .was made to recover it But It so happened that the surgeon of the vessel, Surgeon L.' von Wede klnd, came on deck Just .then to smoke an after-breakfast cigar, and leaning over the aft rail discerned a white ob ject glimmering In the depths beneath. Gazing more Intently Into the limpid depth the ship Just then having swung so as to form a lee the surgeon made out the outlines of another object rest ing on the sea bed some seventy feet under foot and one which took the shape of astout chest, Iron-bound and apparently lncrusted with the barna cles of a hundred years or more. Tho surgeon called others to look, and one or two of his brother officers got a glimpse of the chest before the sea breeze again blurred the surface of the water. Then It was that a re sourceful . liteutenant constructed a water glass, and through this made a careful Bcrutlny of the chest, and from his observations Judged that It bad rested there upward of a century or more. The chest appeared to be of very stout build, bound around with Iron bands and one end of It was deeply sunk In the bed of the sea. x Admiral Davis, the flag officer who flies his pennant from the Alabama, was informed of the discovery, as was also Captain Comly, whe commands the battleship. Both came to look, and both heard with great Interest the re port of the lieutenant who had. In spected what Is supposed to be some sunken treasure chest None on board could guess from what galleon It had been flung overboard, but all were quite certain that It contained many fortunes In pieces of eight That It neld vast treasure of some sort all were con vinced, and arrangements were being made by which a diver could be sent down to pass a tackle around the chest when the flagship Connecticut anchor ed a few miles away, made signal for the Alabama to get her anchor and pro ceed to the target range. . A half-dozen grate bars were hur- i rledly lashed together, a loxut length , of line attached, and at the other end a vinegar cask was made fast This was thrown overboard to mark the po sition of the chest and some day, very soon, these men of the Alabama mean to fit out an expedition at their own expense and go down there, drag up that box and see what it contains. GOOD MAIMERS' SECRET. Two Theories of the. Acquirement, I'naelflahneaa and Conventionality. Most mothers hold, consciously or unconsciously, - one of - two theories about the "acquirement of manners by' their children jj H' j '; One mother says :"'Manners are only the outward sign of the inner nature. If my daughter has a kind heart and a well-trained mind she will behave In a gentle, charming fashion. I will teach her compassion, respect for age, unselfish ?eal for heTpIng with the world's work. Her manners will take care of themselves." ' ' ' Another mother says: "My girls will never get on without conventional man ners. They shall be taught from baby hood to emulate the speech and bear ing of ladles. They shall be Instructed In the proper behavior, for every occa sion. They shall walk and dance and write and speak with graceful perfec tion.", , , , . . , , , . ;,S Neither method, says the Youth's Companion, produces altogether, satis factory results. .. ...i n f Unselfishness Is truly the foundation of good manners, but not the super structure. Many conventional restric tions have rown about social relations. Some can be explained by the demand of kindness and some can not Could a child Infer from his desire to help MBS. DORE LYON. others that he should not eat with his knife? Many offenses , against good taste Interfere In some way with the rights of others,..but many others do not. " ' " ' Still no set of rules to produce a polished lady, will achieve a result fit for. the strain of life. .The members of the French boarding "school may adorn the ballroom, but are too likely to fall at the breakfast table or In the crowded car. The woman of perfect manners must re-enforce her unselfish ness by social rules, and conventional ity must be vitalized by. the warm. de sire .of others' pleasure. ' The best of life never "comes naturally," whether In manners or morals. . The secret of charming manners Is the desire for them. When the mother wishes them for her daughter as much as she wishes the other goods of the world her daughter will .have them. :! ! j' The 'Firat Marlburoaarh. ' Herbert Paul In his book on Queen Anne of England paints a queer picture of the great Duke of Marlborough. He was not truthful.- He ; was not straightforward,, He was not honest In his love of money and his capacity' for hoarding It he rivaled those wretch;, ed misers who' have done no : more than contemplate their gains. And yet such are the strange freaks In which nature indulges, this mean and selfish Intriguer was endowed wltli- perfect courage, with an Irresistible charm of manner, with a temper which even bis wife failed to disturb, with a brain that no sophistry could obscure and with a military genius before which criticism is humbly silent ,ii , He was treacherous even in a treach erous age. Wholly devoid of cruelty and by nature humane, he Is said nev er to have sacrificed an unnecessary life. He used his fellow creatures for his own purposes, and when he had no further use for them he forgot their existence. He made his plans and car ried them out wth the absolute effi ciency of sheer Intelligence and the se rene implacability of Impersonal fate. A Leaaon la Philanthropy. '. A. whole-souled resident of Harlem the other evening received the Jolt of his career as a parent While reading his evening paper the doorbell rang, and a parcel from a big department store was announced. The cost was 80 cents, and he gave his little bright eyes, a girl of 6, a two-dollar bill with which to pay the boy. -Half an hour later the "subject re curred him. , ( "Here,: Mabel,; he said.1 "Where's that money I, gave you for the boy?" "Why, papa," was little bright eyes reply, "I did the same as you did yes terday with the newsboy. I told him to keep the change." New York Globe. . ' I, .. . . , ' Balanced.-- ."Miss Fluffy would be a pretty good looking girl if her feet weren't, so heavy." t - J, i .- '; - - "She stacks up pretty jvell. though; her head is light" Detroit Free Press. ! Being out of a job sort of tames a maa aowa. ;. j hovel Ditiiro SUIT. Invention of a Prominent Parialan I, Hvdrogrraphle Engineer, -A novelty In the way of diving ap paratus, an Invention of M. de Pluvy, a prominent hydrographic engineer of Paris, Is shown In the accompanying Illustration. The cut shows the diving suit with the helmet and one arm piece removed. M. De Pluvy uses a metallic diving suit which Is made somewhat on the plan of the ancient loat-of-anns, being built of light and strong sheet metal having a thickness varying from 0.3 to 0.3 inch according to the position of the pieces. On the top of the armor Is fixed the helmet which Is the principal feature of the apparatus.' The" air Is- not brought to the diver from the outside, as usual, but the air he breathes Is sent by a DE PLUVY DIVING DBES8. tilho Intrt n eruif't.jl rofronomtln phnm. ber containing certain chemical pro ducts which renew the supply of oxy gen and the air Is then . sent to . the Interior of the helmet by another tube. The air-renewing apparatus is con tained In a pair ot cylindrical cham bers attached to each side of the hel met Regulating, valves keep the air pressure within the helmet at the right amount -and always constant no mat tet what the depth may be below the surface. Mounting and - descending are effected by a drum and cable worked- by, an electric motor. At the jaine time the" cable serves to carry the current which is needed for- the respiratory apparatus. The diver communicates with the surface by a telephone, and a number of wires run" from the armor Up to a set of colored lamps, showing how the 1 different parts are working. M. . de Pluvy hrts personally been able to go down to a great depth, and during the, 115 de scents which he has. already , made with the new diving suit he reached depths varying from 150 to 300 feet. This far exceeds the depth to which an ordinary diver Can go.- . V . New York City has more telephones than i London, ' though London has. 2, 000,000 more Inhabitants than New York City. ' The Dean of Westminster has re fused to admit a memorial tablet which was dedicated to Herbert Spencer, Into the Abbey on the ground that he was not orthodox In his Christian belief.' M. C. Russl, of Andermath, who has recently .celebrated- his one humlm and first birthday, is the oldest Alpin ist In the world.' Last summer he scal ed the Gutsch Mountain without assist ance.! ". ' .";. President Jordan of Stanford Uni versity, Cal., is on his way to Australia and New Zealand, where he will lec ture before the colleges of the Anti podes on the, American university sys tem. W.'S. Gilbert, the celebrated author of comic opera, once described ' Miss Roslna Brandram, the Savoy contralto, as "Roslna of glorious voice that rolls out as y full-bodied Burgundy rolls down." i . s Premier ' Camptell-Bannerman, of England, Is the exact opposite of his predecessor, Balfour, In one thing. The latter, said that while he was in office he never read , the newspapers. The present prime minister not only reads them,l)ut writes for them. Adlal E. Stevenson, one' of the two living vice presidents, puts In most of Lis time traveling . about the country visiting relatives, whose name Is legion, particularly In the South. . He stays little at his comfortable but unpreten tious home In Bloomlngton, 111. Doctor Ludwig Fulda, the well known poet-dramatist has purchased the estate of Karerlake, In Tyrol, and expects to erect a castle and live there most of the year. Ho is now at work on a new drama to be presented In Vienna at the Burg Theater next sea son.'' ' ' "' "' '""'' J X book Is soon to appear In Dresden entitled "A Fight for a Royal Child." The author is Ida 'Kremer. She tells of her experiences as governess In the house of the Countess Montignoso until she was obliged to depart by order of the Court Marshal of the King of Sax ony. HOW TO BE A CENTENARIAN. ' Sir lender Brnnton'a Advice to Thoae Who Would Reach 10O. Though three-score years and ten Is generally regarded as the normal span of life, there are no Insuperable rea sons, In the pinion of Sir auder Brun ton, why It should not be the rule rath er, than the exception for men Vnd women to retain their activity until 80 and even 100. , years per 100,000 of the population from 1891 to 1900 Is only Beven and women twenty-four, as compared with fifteen "men and thirty women In 1838 to 1854." he says Dust Sir Lauder Brunton regards as one of the greatest enemies of old age. since It Is a-frequent cause of colds and other respiratory diseases. "At the time when I used my con sulting room as a library," he says, "I found very frequently that ' If . I had occasion to consult a book from one of the top shelves I was apt to get a cold In my head. -, c7;' ' '. f". "This occurred with such regularity that at last I topk to sponging the top of the book with a .solution of carbolle acid before using If " " f A '"" v Chills and especially local chills are to be guarded against " ."Wind, which comes fairly' In one's face Is little to be dreaded, but If wind catches one at the back 'of j the neck. behind the ear or even, at the side of . the head it Is much more dangerous, v "Largely open ( windows are' compar atively safe, but a chink through which! the air blows with force Is to be citse fully avoided. . , f "One reason of this probably Is that wind blowing through a chink causes a mpre rapid current of air and thua chllls the part of the body against which It impinges much more quickly than air moving slowlyand, still -more-.than air which Is not moving at all." j . Improper mastication of food Is also a fruitful cause of organic diseases' la- . middle age. - . "The practice of gobbling," Sir Lau der Brunton says, "may to a certain extent at least, be responsible for the: larger proportion of cancer of the stom-; ach which occurs In men more than in women at the age of 55 years, the num bers being 3,244 and 2,807, while, at CS" years the number are, nearly "equal, be- (, lng 2,985 and 2,917 and at higher ages, they are reversed." London Lancet. ; WHISKERS,, HATS AND CANES, How ' They Have Figured In Man' Various Little Vanltiea. An honest history of the beard would lay open an undercurrent of petty van ity In many of the world's greatest fig ures. ' Henry VIII, for Instance," shaved until he learned that Francis I ! of, France ,wore a beard and then he laid aside his razors''-and , strops forever. Even the gentle Sir Thomas More had ' a beard which was his joy and -his. pride. ! When he was on1 the scaffold and the headsman , was about to lift the fatal ax Sir Thpinas halted hmv saying : "Wait till I putt aside my beard, for that has committed no trea- 8bn .," ;v;: .;,", Again there was the celebrated blshor of Clermont, who was appointed to that ofiice shortly after the council of Trent and who precipitately fled his bish-, oprlc one Easter Sunday morning rather than suffer the loss of his beard. ' What faults of feature Jji the good bish-Jj op, a retreating jaw, a fat neck, blub ber Hps or what not, might have been revealed through the agency of the scis sors and razor we know not,, but that the concealment of such facial flaws- has always been to a greater or. less degree the motive for the. growth of beards Is certain. In Mexico and other Spanish coun- 4tries the hat has for centuries been the -object of man's vanity. The custom i found its origin In the days when the Hapsburg power- was "Supreme. One , of the most cherished privileges that ' the old grandees enjoyed was that of wearing their hats in the presence of ; royalty. The absolute power of their 1 monarch left them little else to do, but , enter Into Vlvalrj- with one another In regard to the . splendor of their head s coverings. ! , . The gay., conceit spread rapidly throughout the Spanish dominions and , even to-day characteristic sugar loaf hats may be found In Meco for sale at the astounding price of from. $500 to $1,D00 for a single hat When our j soldiers Invaded Cuba find Porto Rico In 1898 the Spanish style struck their fancy and mostvof those who did not come back to the States in hospital : ships returned with their sedate cam paign hats transformed into contrap tions with high pointed crowns after the Spanish fashion, ''' " . From the time when" man wandered through the pathless forests bearing on his shoulder, a murderous bludgeon with which to strike down his enemies' the cane has never gone entirely gone Out of fashion.? ' f if: :. .; , ' ., "The modern fop Would feel as much at sea without It as did the beau of whom Steeled "Tatler" spoke In 1709, when It said that the cane had "become -as Indispensable as any other of hla limbs," and that with "the knocking of. It upon his shoe, leaning one leg upon It or whistling upon it with his mouth he does not know how he should be good company without It" It may be flattering to the vanity1 or subh a one to know that the -grotesque knobs and arabesque heads that, he delights In displaying on his walking Btick are lin eal descendants 1 of the catved baton that the fools and Jesters of the middle ages wielded. i- ; "Wrong: Frame of Mind. - "Caroline, aren't you ever going -to Join the church?" s ' i "Of course I am. Aunt Rachel, some day. But you ought to know better than ask me to do it when I'm right in the mldirt of this dratted house clean ing." Chicago Tribune. ; Two Stdea to It., "It's an old'sayln, you know, that 'the more we get the more we -want' " , .Yes, but It's just as true that the more we want1 the less we get" Philadelphia Press. '4i j Si ar,"1