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About The Bulletin. (Bend, OR) 1963-current | View Entire Issue (July 22, 1963)
'He says it can't wait!' 'Punishment by death Capital punishment becoming rarer in U. S. A last, someone's done a survey on comparative costs in Oregon cities "The cost of living here is higher than it was in Podunk" (or Port land, Eugene, San Francisco, Den ver). This is a common complaint, in Central Oregon and elsewhere. Ask the person making the com plaint for specifics, and he usually points to the cost of food, or drugs, or gasoline, or some other particular commodity or service. And he's probably right, in one respect. It is costing him more to live in his new location, no matter where It might be, than it did in the previous one. For good reason, too, but more about that later. A group of high school young sters in Corvallis had heard that same complaint about their city. Members of the Future Business Leaders of America chapter in Cor vallis undertook a survey of various items which are important in living costs. They studied prices and costs of those items In 17 Oregon cities, spread geographically throughout the state. There might have been some flaws In their sampling tech nique, but the study was broad enough to remove most of the errors. The averages should stand up pretty well. Bend was the only Central Ore gon city included in the survey. ; And what did they find? Among the food items surveyed, Bend costs were about two per cent lower than those in the rest of the state at the same time. Most of the difference between Bend prices and those of the other cities came In low er egg and meat prices here. Bend's average for sundries aspirin, toilet tissue, facial tissue, tooth paste, and light bulbs were the items surveyed was higher than the state average, largely be cause prices on light bulbs and facial tissues were a few cents higher than the same items in the state average. Defeat probably certain Bend's prices on services ran about eight per cent above the costs of same services in the other cities surveyed. Major items leading to the discrepancy were haircuts, dry cleaning, lube jobs, and car washes. On customer charge items' tv repair, garage work, plumber, electricians, etc. Bend was below the state average, due in large part for lower charges by plumbers and painters here. (The report had noth ing to say about the availability of plumbers, here or elsewhere.) On the overall average, Bend came out only one-fiftieth of one per cent over the state average. Even allowing for possible errors in the sample, this is a pretty good show ing. Why, then, do new residents almost always feel the cost of living here or anywhere else is higher than back where they used to live? The answer is really pretty simple. Most families, when they move, do so to better themselves. The job is a little better, the income a little higher. They move into a slightly higher-priced home. They eat steak a little more often. And as a natural result, the total cost of living in a new location is somewhat higher than it was in the old one. There's nothing wrong with this. Families like to progress, too. They should, if they are able. In comes do not always go up with a move, of course, but often they do. And it is the most natural tendency in the world to live as well as we can. Living may cost more than it did back in Podunk, but most fami lies are living better than they did, making accurate comparisons of living costs extremely difficult. The Corvallis youngsters did the state a service. An Albany-based organization is preparing to gather signatures on petitions to refer the tax program passed by the 1963 legislature to the voters. Initial announcement of the move resulted in a rather unusual series of events. Organizations of all kinds, all over the state, began re questing voters not to sign the peti tions. If the drive Is successful, it is a foregone conclusion the program will bo defeated at the polls. The tax program is designed to raise more The right thing to do money than it has in the past. Al most everyone will pay more in in come taxes, and it's pretty hard to persuade people to approve raises in their income taxes. Those who oppose the move do so largely because of the certain knowledge that the defeat will result in a special session of the legisla ture. And after watching the legisla ture operate, most Oregonlans would just as soon lets its members rest on their laurels, or shields, until 19G5. Announcement was made a few days ago that the United States and Mexico have agreed on a final settle ment of the Chamizal border dispute. The agreement removes what has been a rather black mark on the re cord of the United States, one which has caused recent trouble, and earli er trouble, throughout Latin Ameri ca. The Chamizal "big thicket" Is a tract of about 83 city blocks in downtown El Paso, Tex. Most of the area was in Mexico when the boundary was established by the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. But the Rio Grande shifted course between 1852 and 18G4. putting the Thamizal on the United States side jr ine river. After an International boundary commission had failed to agree on the proper demarcation, the t w o nations agreed to arbitration. But In 1911, the United States rejected an award which gave Mexico the best of the bargain. Understandably, Mexico has ever since rejected arbi tration on the issue. South of the border the Chami zal became a symbol of "Gringo im perialism." Pro-Castro agitators in Venezuela and elsewhere have ex ploited the Chamizal dispute of late. It is reported the settlement will cost the United States up to S5 million, but American officials believe it Is worth that and much more to get rid of this irritant in Mexican-American relations. By Jeanne Kutbltr UPI Staff Wrlttr WASHINGTON - Execution as punishment (or crime is becom ing increasingly rare in the Uni ted States. During the past two decades, disuse of the death pen alty has virtually abolished capi tal punishment in many states in which the law still allows it. In 1962 executions were carried out in only 18 of the 44 jurisdictions having laws authorizing the death penalty; in 1961 there were execu tions in only 11 jurisdictions. Three states California, Tex as, and Florida accounted for more than half of the 47 execu tions carried out last year. Al though the 1962 total marked an Increase over the record 1961 low of 42, it continued the declining trend evident since the U.S. Bu reau of Prisons began compiling detailed statistics in 1930. In the 1930s an annual average of 167 executions took place in the Uni ted States: in the 1940s. 123; and in the 1950s, 72. The highest an nual total in the past five years was registered in 1960, when 56 persons were executed. Despite the falling off in execu tions, the debate between oppon ents and defenders of capital pun ishment continues unabated. This bitterly contested issue, a federal criminologist, James A. MeCaf ferty, has charged, "diverts so ciety's attention from the over riding problems of crime control and crime prevention." More at tention is paid to the fewer than 300 prisoners on death row, Mc- Cafferty says, than to the more than 200.000 others in state and federal prisons and reformator ies. Debate on the subject has been particularly vigorous in Californ ia, where resort to the death pen alty has not followed the nation wide declining trend. Now the most populous state in the coun try, California has led in the past three years in the number of per sons put to death; the 38 execu tions it carried out in that period made up more than one-fourth of the national total. Repeated re quests by Gov. Edmund G. Brown, who is "strongly opposed to capital punishment," that the legislature abolish the death pen alty have been rebuffed. His re quest early this year that a mora torium on executions be declared pending study of the effectiveness of capital punishment as a crime deterrent was allowed to die in the state Senate. Legislatures in other states have shown similar reluctance to abolish the penalty outright How ever, with very limited exception, state laws have been shorn of pro visions that the death penalty be mandatory. A leading objection to automatic application is the re luctance of juries to enter a ver dict of guilty in capital cases. A study of the cases of 276 persons indicted for first-degree murder over a 10-year period under the District of Columbia's formerly mandatory statute showed that al most half of them were convicted of a lesser offense. Only 28 were sentenced to death and only 10 actually executed. Be cause of hesitancy to condemn a man to death, mandatory provi sions were removed from the D.C. law in 1962 and from New York law in 1963. Application of the death penalty has been increasingly restricted to first-degree murder, although oth er capital crimes remain on the statute books. Some legal autho ities have urged that the death sentence be limited further to cer tain types of first-degree murder, as was done in Great Britain in 1957. Among crimes for which punishment by death would be re tained under such a plan would be the murder of a police officer dur ing the performance of his duty. Retention of the penalty for mur der of a policeman would remove objections from many law en forcement officials who fear an increase in "cop killings": 48 po lice officers were killed as a re sult of criminal activity last year. A notable exception to the world-wide trend toward restrict ing application of the death pen alty to murderers is the Sov'et Union. In the past two years the USSR has broadened the cover age of capital punishment to in clude a new classification of crime the so-called economic crimes of embezzlement of state property, bribery, speculation and counterfeiting. Offenses of this kind apparently have become so widespread as to damage serious ly the Soviet economy. Premier Khrushchev said last February that "It is for the sake of justice that our people have to punish those who want to live at the ex pense of others, to rob our socie ty." International tensions have add ed to the number of crimes liable to punishment by death in this country under federal law. Peace time espionage, as well as espion age in time of war, was made subject to the death penalty in 1954; anger over Cuban seizures of American planes was respon sible for a 1961 act authorizing the death penalty for hijacking an air craft in flight Of great:,' concern to law en forcement officers and the public are the penalties meted out for the violent crimes that have long been punishable by death. Such crimes are on the increase. FBI data released this month show that murder, forcible rape, or as sault to kill was committed every three minutes last year. Many of ficials concerned with law en forcement, including FBI Direc tor J. Edgar Hoover, feel that re tention of the death penalty helps to keep crime rates from rising still higher. It is also believed that the public as a whole accepts their arguments and supports cap ital punishment. This thesis will be put to a popular test in No vember 1964, when Oregon's vot ers will decide by referendum whether to add that state to the eight others which now forbid capital punishment. Capital Report If you don't like mining claims in wilderness areas fell Mr. Aspinall By A, Robert Smith Bullstin Correspondent WASHINGTON Congression al procrastinating on the pending wilderness bill is permitting mi ners to invade wilderness areas and post claims covering thou sands of acres of scenic terrain, according to Sen. Maurine Neu berger. The Senate has twice passed a bill to tighten up restrictions and make permanent the designation of 83 wilderness, wild, primitive and canoe areas embracing a to tal of 14.3 million acres. But the bill is stalled In the House Interior Committee be cause of the misgivings about it held by its chairman, Rep. Wayne Aspinall, D-Col. One feature of the bill would restrict! mining operations. At present, mining claims may be staked in the customary fashion; and upon valid discoveries, min ing operations may be carried out with or without securing a patent. The wilderness bill would prohib it mining unless it involved only subsurface use such as direction al drilling or shafts driven from outside the wilderness area or un less the President rules that such a mining operation is in the na tional interest. i In 1961, when the Senate first passed the wilderness bill, the Forest Service estimated that there were about 13,000 unpatent ed mining claims in these areas. In addition, there were six mines in operation. Since then, Senator Neuberger says the Forest Service has re corded 537 new mining claims fil ed In wilderness, wild and primi tive areas. They cover about 11, 000 acres of the wilderness sys tem which could be marred by mining operations. "I am disturbed and dismayed by continued erosion of our wild erness heritage and the threats against its existence," declared JIis. Neuberger. "Indeed, time may be running out for our once timeless wilderness." The Forest Service reports that there may be many more claims than the 537 they reported. Min ing locations are recorded at the county seat, not with the federal government. Other claims arc simply staked and not recorded with the county, a hazardous pro cedure which fails to protect the minor in case another miner jumps his claim. Whether recorded or not, the government must honor valid min ing claims. Validity is determined by a mineral examination which costs from $100 to $500 per claim. The new claims filed in wilder ness areas are located in Arizona. 32: Montana, 1: New Mexico, 150; Oregon, 65: Washington, 30; and Wyoming. 49. The rlaims in wild areas included 5 in Arizona. 4 in California and 14 in Oregon. Those in primitive areas involved 40 in California, 84 in Colorado, 2 in Idaho. 50 in New Mexico and 11 in Washington state. From what it knows of the claims, the Forest Service thinks that 168 of the 537 claims may be valid and the rest are unknown. The mining industry has been one of the chief opponents of the pending wilderness bill. The min erals claimed by the miners in clude copper, gold, silver, lead, zinc, tin, titanium, uranium, plati num, limestone, pumice, molyb denum, tungsten, iron, calcite and tellurium. The mining claims in Oregon, according to the Forest Service report, include 13 in the Three Sisters Wilderness Area in Des chutes National Forest, all for pumice, of which nine may be valid; 52 in Eagle Cap Wilderness Area, involving gold, silver, uran ium, platinum and limestone, of which 5 claims may be valid; 13 in Kalmiopsls Wild Area In Siski you National Forest, gold and iron, of which 4 claims may be valid; and one In Strawberry Mountain Wild Area In Malheur National Forest in which gold is claimed but of unknown validity. i AVashmgtoa Merry-go-round What are subsidies tor one become socialism for other By Drew Pearson WASHINGTON The almost certain railroad strike and recent hearings before the Joint Con gressional Atomic Energy Com mittee have focused attention on the question of government sub sidies and the question of what is socialism. The issue in the railroad debate is whether the railroads shall have to continue what amounts to subsidies to labor for work which the railroads don't need. This in the past has been called social ism. It's perfectly understandable that the railroad brotherhoods don't want to see 65.000 of their members thrown out of work. You can't blame them, but it's also understandable that the railroads, w hich are not subsidized, can't af ford this financial drain. But the paradoxical and little known fact is that Republican leaders on Capitol Hill who yell the loudest about socialism arc the ones who now encourage what was once considered socialism. At least they want to call it by an other name. Here are two interesting events to illustrate: Event No. 1 In backstage party councils. Sen. Ev Dirksen, the charming Republican leader from Illinois, is standing up for tlio brothorhoods. He says it will take quite a time to pass a rail road arbitration act. Other GOP ers have suddenly become favor able to the subsidy which the rail roads arc paying to labor. Event No. 2 Occurred in a joint atomic hearing and found Sen. Bourko Hickcnloopcr, the stalwart Iowa Republican, carry ing the ball for subsidies and so cialism. Subsidies are not Socialism? "Let me ask you this," he said of AEC Commissioner James T. Ramey, "the private enterprise system is eligible to use the les sons learned in the Manhattan dis trict and in the development of fission and fusion by the govern ment, is it not?" "Yes sir." replied Ramey. "Do you consider that to be an unfair or unusual donation to pri- The Bulletin Monday, July 22, 1963 An Independent Newspaper Robert W. Chandler, Editor Glenn Cushmar,, Cen. Manager Jack McDerrnott, Adv. Manager Phil F. Brogan, Associate Editor Lou W. Meyers, Circ. Manager Loren E. Dyer, Mech. Sup't. William A. Yates, Managing Ed. fcntemt Seoood CLAM Mwifr. January e. 1?1T. u wt rvw Ofnrt at brvl IMTiun. ur..lr Art ot Marvh X 1I.TS. PuMisrwil daily Yrot SuoiUuf and cruln hoUtlaa by TIM tsnd liuiMLik Inc. vate enterprise, that they are per mitted to use the lessons of re search development that were produced during wartime, for wartime purposes7 Do you con sider that to be an unusual diver sion of public funds? To let pri vate industry use that informa tion?" Pursued the rock - ribbed senator from Iowa. "No sir," replied Ramey, "that is part of our method of opera tion. That is our system." "The only point I am trying to make, and see if you agree with me or not," continued Hicken looper, "is that this proposal for certain advancement of research and development, paid for in part by the federal government, is not new in our whole economy." Ramey: "No sir." Unfair Tax Drain What Hickenlooper was trying to do was answer questions raised in this column and by oil, coal and gas interests, that $40,000,000 of government subsidies parcelled out to the utilities to build atomic reactors consituted an unfair drain on the taxpayers in the coal and oil areas. The Congressional Atomic Ener gy Committee was considering a $13,195,000 subsidy to the Connec ticut Y'ankec Atomic Power Co., for a reactor at Haddam Neck, one of the most beautiful spots on the Connecticut River, not far from the home of Chet Bowles, now ambassador to India. It was also considering a re actor at Malibu Beach on the country estate owned by Bob Hope, near one of the famous bathing beaches of southern Cali fornia. This plant is to get a $16. 200,000 subsidy, according to the plan which conservative Sen. Hickenlooper favored. Another subsidy will be doled out to southern California Edison and San Diego Gas and Electric for $13,022,000. Sen. Hickenlooper not only favors this, but he and his GOP colleagues voted to lease 90 acres of the Marine Corps' famous base at Camp Pen dleton to the utility companies for this reactor for 50 years. Meanwhile David Lilienthal, former chairman of the AEC, has stated regarding a proposed nu clear plant across the East River from Manhattan, that he would not live in the area if it were built. Congressman Chet Holifield, the Los Angeles congressman w ho has become the big bull in the atomic china shop, pooh-poohs this idea. sas Lilienthal is hip ped on the TV' A. But a lot of other people share Lilienthal'i fear. iMv- Nickel's worm "When men differ In opinion, both sides ought equally to hava the advantage of being heard by the public." Benamin Franklin. Senator outlines tax matter stand To the Editor: In the course of your otherwise excellent editorial questioning the right of political action groups to tax - exempt status you suggest that I am interested only in pur suing those organizations which fall on the right-wing of the politi cal spectrum. Because I want to make it per fectly clear where I stand on this issue, permit me to quote the fol lowing passages from my origi nal remarks: "I have concentrated upon the propaganda activities of the ex treme Right-wing. There is no question but that the same stand ards must apply to tax-exemption abuses by Left-wing organiza tions. But to those who ask me why I concentrate my fire upon the extreme Right, I answer that the flood of material which inun dates my office daily, rarely, if ever, comes from the Left. "Nonetheless, there will un doubtedly be abuses by groups displaying all colors of political persuasion. And it should follow, without comment, that any re forms instituted must be applied without regard to the ideological position of the offender." Sincerely, Maurine B. Neuberger United States Senator Washington, D.C, July 16, 1963 2 drown as boat flips ILWACO, Wash. (UPI) Two persons were missing and pre sumed drowned Sunday when their small pleasure boat flipped over on the Columbia River Bar near here. Coast Guard patrol boats res cued two other passengers in the craft. The Coast Guard identified the missing persons as Ernest Lloyd LowTy, 61, Tacoma, and Air Force Staff Sgt. Dan Snell, 30, Sunny vale, Calif. It's another world The summer course earns high praise By Elizabeth Chenowoth In a previous column, I wrote about the geology course planned for the summer. Now, after it is all over, I would like to say that I never had so much fun and learned so much at the same time! The reason for the success of this course may be attributed to Mr. and Mrs. Wallace Wilson. Mr. Wilson is one of the best science teachers I have ever had! Know ing a great deal about the geology of Oregon and the places of most importance, besides being well liked by teenagers, Mr. Wilson was the perfect instructor. His wonderful wife, Mrs. Wilson, gave her time and went on the trips as a chaperone. We wouldn't have had such a successful course if she hadn't been along. Besides having a great instructor and chaperone, we also had a very good bus driver. We went to many different places, such as Crater Lake, where we took a boat trip around the lake, and Lavacicle Cave, where we saw stalagmites and stalactites among other things. I hope that this course will be offered to ninth graders next year. They would love It! Transportation is important to every teenager, as it is to almost everyone. It is important to us mainly for recreational purposes. Teenagers like to go places, see tilings, and have fun. This gives the parents a lot of chauffering to do. Of course the parent isn't about to wear himself out driving back and forth, so he does one of two things, says "walk" or says "stay at home." This works for a while but when a teenager is old enough to drive there is nothing that will hold him down. For this reason I think the dri vers training course is so good. It starts a teenager off right by teaching him how to drive cor rectly and safely. Anyone fifteen or older may lake this course. It consists of a number of hours of classroom study, and several hours of driving behind the wheel of a car with an instructor. Sta tistics show that people who have had drivers training have fewer accidents than do those that haven't. Teenagers should take advant age of this great opportunity to learn how to drive correctly. Re member, it may save your life some day, REACHED NEW RATE WASHINGTON (UPI) Per sonal income in the United States reached a record annual rate of $462 billion in June, an Increase of $2 billion over May, the Com merce Department reported Sun day. Wage and salary increases con tributed $1.2 billion toward the June hike and the remainder re sulted from a rise in corporate dividends, the report said. Barbs In choosing young men for posi tions businessmen don't necessari ly believe in scions. It's a lot more pleasant going to a lot of trouble to make pleas ure than trying to make pleasure out of making a lot of trouble. An Indiana woman was given a ticket for driving while eating off of a tray attached to her car. A cop was the car hop. . ' When you sing your own praises too often your friends have lest reason to. Vacation Time Answer to Previous Pimte ACROSS DOWN 1 Health seeker's 1 Hourglass vacation soot 4 Place (or gambler's vacation 8 Huntsman's ' gadget 12 Go on vacation by 13 Vacation the wires J 4 Magic 15 Seine 16 Liturgical garments 18 Vacationing motorist 50 Property item 51 Ray Diu d Bivar 22 Vases 24 Reverberate) 26 Sailing 27 Golf teacher 30 Bookbinding term 32 Nimbler 34 Turkish community SS DegTade 36 Mariner's direct ion 37 Molding 39 Ashen 40 Plant part 41 Middling (comb, form) 42 Port-au Prince) is its capital 45 Imitate 49 Betokens- 51 Numbers (ah) 52 Adolescent year 53 Mud M Folding bed) 55 Deer M Frosted 57 Summer to a S Wharf 3 Vegetable) 4 Roamed 5 Always 6 Hercules' centaur 7 Table bit 8 Lock o( hair 9 Operates 10 Poker stake) 1 1 Nuisanc 17 Administer 19 Musical instrument S3 English dramatist 24 Outcasta 25 Peruses 4 26 Maxim 27 Delight (poet) 28 Genuine 29 French stream 31 Amatory 33 Constrain 38 Medical terra 40 Bee's defense i Pondered 42 Strikes 43 Dill 44 Notion 46 Simple 47 Blow a hsrn 48 Royal Italian family name 50 Chevalier's mend ' ' 3 U o 17 I U 19 llO 111' n ir rr -IZ-IZZ""" 's H " " aTTSTTS" X 31 J"'!J w 35 H V rl 1 1 U I LJ I f 3 p jr. ;rsr 3 Sr in si a & 55 Z 51
