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About The Maupin times. (Maupin, Or.) 1914-1930 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 14, 1916)
STRIKE BREAKERS SET FIRE TO TOWN Kill Four, Injure 19, in Rioting at Youngstown, Ohio. PROPERTY LOSS NEARLY ONE MILLION State and National Troops Called to Dispel Looting Mob Firemen Driven Away by Stoning. Youngstown, 0. Four men were killed, 19 other persona, including a woman, shot, and 15 city blocks de stroyed by fire as a result of riots growing out of the steel mill strike here Saturday night. The fire had caused a loss estimated at from $800,000 to $1,000,000 at last reports. Rioters, who for hours had held the city in a reign of terror, looting stores and the postofflce and setting Are to many buildings, began to quit the streets after rumors of the arrival of troops spread. Citizens, however, feared a new outbreak at daybreak. The trouble was the culmination of a strike of laborers which began at the plant of the Republic Iron & Steel company a week ago and spread to the plants of the tube company, the Youngstown Iron & Steel company, and the Brier Hill Steel company, all "independent" concerns. The men de mand 25 cents an hour; the companies offer an increase from 19 to 22 cents an hour. The bridge from East Youngstown to Struthers was burned to prevent rioters from entering the town. Two companies of United States regulars from Columbus were ordered to East Youngstown because of the looting and burning of the postofflce. The trouble started early in the morning when strike sympathizers and workers at the sheet and tube plant clashed. Stones were thrown and sev eral shots were fired, but no one was injured. Later in the afternoon a riot occurred just outside the tube company's plant and two men were in jured so badly they were taken to a hospital. The most serious trouble started when the day shift at the sheet and tube mills left work. A crowd of 6000 gathered at the entrance to the works and Btoned a squad of private police in charge of Chief Woltz, of the sheet and tube company force. The police force of the city was lined up on a bridge at the river lead ing to the main works of the plant. Someone in the crowd threw a rock, which struck one of the mill guards. Immediately several of the guards drew their revolvers and fired to scare the crowd. Then the real trouble started. . Re volvers were produced by men in the crowd and answering shots were sent back. The guards answered by firing into the crowd. Men and women, wounded, fell amid, the rain of bullets. Finally the crowd fell back and vented its fury by applying the torch to build ings in the neighborhood. Firemen summoned from Youngs , town arrived on the scene, but before ' they could get the hose connected up with the city hydrants the crowd drove the fire-fighters away. Many shots were fired, and the firement drove off with their apparatus amid a hail of stones. By this time the flames threatened to sweep through the entire business section. The infuriated crowd surged through the streets, and threats were . made to burn the entire town. All available guards were marshaled by the Sheet & Tube company, and by other mills in the suburbs in an effort to prevent destruction of their prop erty. 4000 Get Wage Increase. Denver An increase in wages is to be granted the employes of the steel mills of the Colorado Fuel & Iron com pany, according to announcement of J. F. Welborn, president, here Saturday. The increases, it was said, will corre spond to those announced recently by officials of the United States Steel cor poration, and will become effective as soon as the Colorado Fuel & Iron com pany officials learn what the United States Steel corporation's increases amount to. About 4000 are employed in the company's steel plant at Pueblo. Steamship Passe Canal. Panama The steamer Newton, the last vessel waiting for passage through the Panama canal, passed through the waterway Saturday. The Newton, drawing 27 feet, has the greatest draught of any vessel using the canal since it was closed laBt September, Major General Goethals said that, while the Newton was permitted to pass through the canal, it was not yet in condition for continuous traffic and that the waterway was not open. He declined to make an estimate of the time required to reopen the cut. Bribe-to Italy Charged. Berlin The Neue Zuricher Zeitung has received reports from reliable sources, says the Overseas News Agency, that the London treaty provide ing against the conclusion of a separ ate peace signed by Italy contains l special clause under which Italy re ceived 2,000,000 lire for giving her ad herence to the agreement, lhe news agency says it has "special informa tion" that another clause in the treaty is directed against the Vatican. French Release Consuls. Paris A dispatch from Athens says that Jean Guillemin, the French min ister to Greece, has announced that consuls of the Teutonic allies arrested in Salonikl have been released. Greek newspapers, the dispatch adds, regard this action as satisfactory to the Greek government SECRECY Of TRADE COMMISSION TO BE CRITICISED IN CONGRESS Washington, D. C The secret Dro- cedure of the Trade commission, which, with majority made up of Democratic politicians, is now "regu lating" big business. Is destined to re ceive a grilling In both the senate and house. A demand that light be shed on the operations of what is pronounced the most secret agency of an unusually se cretive administration will be made by Republican senators and represent atives when the appropriations for the executive branch of the government are considered. Although the commission is nearly a year old, it has given practically no public proof of the activity, it is as serted, in enforcing the laws relating to business. All complaints of unfair competition and violation of the anti trust acts have been considered and disposed of in secret. No business concern has been called on ODenlv to defend Itself against a charge of vio- JOHN A. KEY 4T Congressman John A. Key of Ohio, chairman of the house pensions com mittee, Is the author of a bill pro viding for pensions for the widows of the men who died In the Spanish American war. It carries an appro priation of about $2,500,000. lating the law. Republicans contend that the public does not know whether unfair compe tition is so prevalent that the commis sion has been swamped with com plaints, or so rare that few grievances have been filed. The commission says that about 200 complaints have been filed, but refuses to divulge disposition of specific caBes. Although admitting that this secret procedure is not prohibited by the law. Republicans charge that it is contrary to the intent of the statute, which pro vides that when the commission is satisfied that the law is being violated it shall cite the offender to a public hearing. The commission has adopt ed the procedure of confidential inves tigation of complaints and asserts that no public hearings have been necessi tated because in every case either the accused concern has abandoned the practices complained of or the accuser has withdrawn his complaint. Compulsory Military Service Is Held Best by Secretary of War Washington, D. C Secretary Gar rison told the house military commit tee at a hearing Monday that compul sory service was the only really ade quate basis on which to construct a military policy compatible with the idea of democratic government. The secretary made the assertion merely as an expression of personal sentiment, he said, and did not elabo rate on it. His statement was regard ed as significant, however. Representative Shallenberger asked Secretary Garrison if universal mili tary obligation did not make it possi ble for nations to be drawn into war despite the wishes of the majority of the people. I do not think France or Germany would be waging war if the majority of their peoples did not favor it," re plied the secretary. No nation ever is at war at variance with the wishes of the great majority of its people." T. Ft. Declines to Run. Minneapolis William T. Coe, of Minneapolis, announced at a meeting of Progressives Monday, receipt of the following letter from Colonel Roose velt, in reply to a question whether the Colonel would agree to the placing of his name on the Minnesota Repub lican presidential ballot: I cannot consent to have my name filed in any primaries. What I am trying to do is to fight for straightout Americanism. I am not concerned whatever with any individual, myself or anyone else. Parry Boom Is Launched. Washington, D. C A vice presi dential boom for Will H. Parry, of Se attle, member of the Federal Trade commission, is being quietly launched by his friends in Washington. Those who stand Bponsor for this movement contend that the Far West cannot hope to name the head of the ticket, but can reasonably ask for second place, and Mr. Parry is being put forward as a man who would com mand support from both wings of the Republican party. Suffragists Win Point. Washington, D. C The Susan B. Anthony amendment providing for woman suffrage was reported favor ably to the senate by the suffrage com mittee. "In our opinion, every princi ple upon which universal .manhood suffrage rests demands the extension of its privileges and responsibilities to women," said the report "They are subject to the laws, are taxed for the support of government, and subject to a common political destiny." STEEL CHIEF WARNS Official Says Peril in Prosperity as Well as In War. FUTURE PROBLEMS Of NATION GRAVE Jars and Jolts Are Promised When Industrial Conditions Become Normal at End of War. - New York Elbert H. Gary, chair man of the United States Steel corpor ation, Thursday Issued a statement dealing in detail with prevailing pros perous conditions in the steel and Iron trade, together with a forecast for the future of that industry. Reference is made to the European conflict in its world-wide application to economic conditions. Judge Gary calls attention to the dangers of overproduc tion or inflation by manufacturers and bankers, resulting from overconfl dence, and the aid of the government is invoked for adequate protection of the country's industries. "It will be admitted by all manu facturers of these products," he says, "that there 1b no reason for complaint at the present time as to the volume or urgency of the demand, nor in most cases as to prices received, notwith standing the cost of production had been larger during the last five years because of increase in wages, freight charges, etc. "Conditions pertaining to this indus try reflect, more or less those of other lines and perhaps are an indication of the general situation. Certainly there are evidences which cannot reas onably be questioned of great prosper ity. These satisfactory conditions ex ist and it now seems probable that they may continue for some months to come. "There is a great expansion at pres ent. I fear there is great inflation. Some of the circumstances surrounding the financial and industrial world are peculiar and not justified. There will be jars and jolts when eyes are opened and things become normal. "What of the future? Who can say with any feeling of certainty? It may be dark and desperate. It will be thus in Europe and we in America will feel the effects to a greater or lesser extent. "I believe the war of Europe will not be so long protracted as many, if not the most of men, predict. This opinion is based principally upon two grounds. In the first it seems appar ent tnat little, n any, benefit to any belligerent country or to the world at large can result from the war except and unless it be the firm establishment of an international tribunal for the settlement of all international differ ences. "The other ground for my belief is that each of the warring nations is starving for men and money both. They do not admit it, but the signs are plenty and convincing. Any nation that is prolonging the war beyond the time when it can be reasonably and honorably discontinued is slowly but surely committing suicide. "This is an epoch. Times are ser ious, perhapB critical. We must be prepared for radical changes in vol ume, in prices and resources. There is danger of over-production, over-extension of credit and liabilities, over confidence. We have observed this before and we shall see it again. It is possible the banks will over-exert their credits, particularly in favor of foreign interests, who offer attractive rates, but they take care of that matter for themselves. We business men should realize there is possible danger ahead in the business outlook and if we proceed with caution, however, ag gressive, we will have done no harm and we may hereafter have reason for congratulation. Steamer Victims Missing. Parkersburg, W. Va. The steamer Kanawha, owned by the Kanawha Packet company, struck a pier about nine miles south of here in the Ohio river and sank in 30 feet of water. The steamer carried 36 passengers and crew of 45, but Captain Brady Berry, who landed at Meldahl's station, near where the accident occurred, expressed the opinion that all bad been saved. Since some were taken to the Ohio side and others landed on this side of the river, it was impossible to check up tbe list of those on board. Blaze in Government Building. Washington, D. C. Fire early Thursday caused minor damage in the basement of the great building that houses the State, War and Navy de partments. The loss was estimated at $2000 and was practically confined to odds and ends stored in the basement. Before the flames bad been brought under control dense clouds of smoke were pouring through the corridors and out of the windows. Stories of incen diarism were circulated, but investi gation showed that it was spontan eous combustion. Two Women Shoot Bear. Marshfield, Or. Mrs. Lena Fleming, a niece of Hale Brown, a Camas trap per and hunting guide, and Mrs. V. Woodfield, wife of a Marshfield home steader, shot a 200-pound black bear, which they found while inspecting Mr. Bowen s traps. The women dressed the animal, leav- ing the hide intact, and then carried their prize home on a 8-year-old colt, after two horses had balked at carry' ing bruin's carcass. Hill's Earnings Record. St. Paul Gross earnings of the Great Northern railway for last No vember were $9,045,635, establishing a new record for a single month, it was announced at tbe railway'eoffleee here Thursday. NORTHWEST MARKET REPORTS; GENERAL CROP CONDITIONS Portland Wheat Bluostem, $1,011 per bushel; forty-fold, $1; club, 97c; red Fife, 96c; red Russian, Bfie. Hay Eastern Oregon timothy, $17 f)17.60 per ton; valley timothy, W u.oU; alfalfa, $17: oati and vetch, $13. Millfeed Spot prices: Bran, $23 per ton; shorts, $24; rolled barley. Corn White, $35 per ton; cracked. $36. Vegetables Artichokes, $1.10 per dozen; tomatoes, California, $1.60 1.75 per crate; cabbage, 90c per cwt; garlic, 16c per pound; peppers, 10(4) 12je; eggplant, 10c; sprouts, 8c; horseradish, 8Jc; cauliflower, $1.75M 2 per crate; celery, $3.75; beans, 10( 12gc per pound; lettuce, $2.60 per crate; peas, 8(r$10c per pound. Green Fruits Pears, $1(3)1.60 per box; grapes, $5 per barrel; cranber ries, $1014.60. Potatoes Oregon, $1.25(781.86 per sack; Yakimas, $1.251.36; sweets, $2.768 per cwt. Onions Oregon buying price, $1.25 o. b. shipping point. Apples Spltzenbergs, extra fancy, $2.25 per box; fancy, $2; choice, $1.251.6Q Jonathans, extra fancy, $1.60; fancy, $1.25; choice, $1; Yellow Newtowns, extra fancy, $2; fancy, $1.75; choice, $!(? 1.25; Baldwins, extra fancy, $1.60; fancy, $1.25; choice, $1 ; russets, orchard run, $1. Eggs Oregon ranch, candled, 84 36c per dozen; Oregon storage, 22 23c. Poultry Hens, small, 14c per pound; large, 16c; small springB, 14ft) 15; broilers, 18c; turkeys, live, 18(g) 20c; turkeys, dressed, choice, 26c; ducks, 1216c; geese, 1212Jc. Butter City creamery, cubes, ex tras, selling at 28c per pound; firBtB, 26 Jc; prints and cartons, extra. Prices paid to producers : country creamery, 2226c; butterfat, No. 1, 28c; No. 2, 26c. Veal Fancy, 12,13c per pound. Pork Fancy, 8c per pound. Hops 1915 crop, 10llc per pound. Wool Eastern Oregon, 1826c; valley, 2B26c; fall lambs' wool, 26c; mohair, Oregon, 28c. Cascara Bark Old and new, 844c per pound. Cattle Choice steers, $7 7.75; good, $6.767; medium, $6.606.76; choice cows, $5.606; good, $5.25 5.60; medium, $4.755.25; heifers, $46.40; bulls, $2.604.60; stags, $3 6.25. Hogs Light, $6.256.60; heavy, $55.50. Sheep Wethers, $67.25; ewes, $4.255.76; lambs, $78.25. Farmers Are Holding Oats. Portland The oats market is be coming firmer with lighter offerings. Receipts have declined materially of late, and practically no oats are com ing in now from east of the mountains. There has been buying in the interior for shipment eastward, and this has strengthened the ideas of farmers throughout the country. The contin ued Eastern demand for choice grade Northwestern oats is looked for and for this reason farmers are not dis posed to sell now. The spread in prices, east and west, however, is not wide enough yet to make the business very attractive to shippers at this end, although a considerable volume of business has been worked. Valley oats, which are in large sup ply, are not likely to find an Eastern outlet, but there should be a better market for them here, with none com ing in from Eastern Oregon or Eastern Washington. Inland Empire Holds Onto Grain. Lewiston, Idaho On account of be ing financially able to play a waiting game, grain growers of the Inland Empire are refusing to sell this sea son's crop at the prices quoted. More than 75 per cent of the crop of 10,000, 000 bushels is still in the hands of the ranchers. For the first time wheat is being ex tensively shipped from this region by rail direct to New York for export and markets of the Eastern states for mill ing purposes. Also, practically all barley shipments have gone East. The movement is becoming heavier daily, and is expected to continue until the opening of the Panama canal, when the grain will be diverted to Portland and Puget Sound points, thence through the canal to the European na tions. Chehalis Milk Price Advances. Chehalis, Wash. The Pacific Coast Condensed Milk company has an nounced the milk price for the first half of January at Chehalis to be $1.70, an increase of five cents a hun dred over the. price paid the last half of December. "There has been a steady gain in the price of milk the past 60 days, locally. The condenser company is making heavy shipments of milk that business being greatly improved recently owing to drafts on Eastern supplies for ship ment to Europe. Wool Growers Interested. Pendleton, Or. Word comes from all points of Eastern Oregon as far from Pendleton as Prineville that rep resentatives will join the Umatilla County sheepmen in their special car, which leaves Pendleton Wednesday, January 12, for Salt Lake City to at tend the National Convention of Wool Growers. The following towns will send delegates: Heppner, Baker, Wal lowa, Prineville, Hay Creek, Stanfield, Pilot Rock, Echo and Pendleton. The party returns Monday, Jan. 17. Senator J. N. Burgess will manage the trip. Alfalfa Land Price Cut. Hermiston, Or. The price of alfalfa land In this locality is to be greatly reduced, according to a movement in augurated at the annual meeting of the Hermiston Commercial club. Land owners are agreed that this is neces sary to dispose of their holdings, and the Commercial club urges it to pro mote settlement. The old fruit-land price of $200 to $300 an acre for unim proved land will be divided by five or six. Tbe Commercial club will issue a folder setting forth the reMons for the reduction in prices of alfalfa land. KILLING WHITE GRUBS More Than $12,000,000 Damage Done to Crops by Insects. This Year's Brood Due to B Very De structive In Three Years to Corn and In Two Years to Tim othy and Small Grains, White grubs, wherever not con trolled by cultural and rotation meth ods, have caused millions of dollars' loss this year to corn growers In northeastern Iowa, southern Wiscon sin, and northern Illinois, parts of Minnesota, the southern part of Michi gan, and northern Ohio; also In north eastern Pennsylvania, southeastern New York, parts of Connecticut and New Jersey. A recent survey of the Infested areas In Iowa, Wisconsin, Illi nois and Michigan, by government entomologists, together with reports received from the other Infested states, estimates the damage to be more than $12,000,000. This particular species of the white grub which is so destructive In this lection has a three-year life cycle and, unless controlled, will do some dam age In two years and will again be highly destructive to corn, timothy, potatoes and strawberries in this re gion In three years. In view of these facts the entomol ogists especially urge farmers In that region to begin to apply these meas ures this fall. The measures are of three kinds: (1) Killing the grubs hatched In the ground by plowing and disking in the fall. (2) Destroying the May beetles while in flight. (3) Rotations of crops which will prevent the planting of corn In the third year after a crop of timothy, small grain, or on weed-covered land. This rotation is recommended be cause the May beetles in two years will lay their eggs In such land, and the resulting white grubs unless con trolled will be particularly destructive to corn or tbe other crops, the roots of which they will attack during the following summer. Fall plowing next summer and fall (1916) will be especially effective in destroying grubs of the 1914 or de structive flight and should be univer sally practiced In the grub-infested districts. Try to get chickens to follow plow, harrow and cultivator to reduca grubs and other obnoxious Insects. Fifteen- White Grub and Parent Beetle. acre fields have been cleared of a heavy infestation of grubs by permit ting the poultry the run of the field during cultivation. Hogs also are use ful agents In ridding a field of grubs. Crop rotation should be practiced. Ground which is In corn or has a heavy stand of pure clover during the year the beetles are flying, which will be 1917 In the infested area referred to, will ordinarily contain few grubs since the beetles will not seek such land for laying their eggs. The beetles prefer land in small grains, timothy, or covered with weeds for egg laying. Land which is In oats during the flight of the beetles will contain many grubs, but if clover, which is one of the least susceptible crops, follows, the grubs will scarcely Injure that crop. Aside from this rotation, it is desir able to so arrange the crops that the least amount of land will be in tim othy and small grain the year the beetles (1917) are abundant, and the following year (1918) to plant corn on corn ground, and use for small grain and timothy the ground which was in these crops the previous year. WATCH YOUNG PIGS CLOSELY 'oung Animals Take Cholera Easily If Exposed to Infection Use of Serum Is Favored. Cholera frequently makeB Its appear ance among pigs shortly after wean ing time, especially where cholera ex isted on the premises the year prevl ous. Sows that have been vaccinated and have survived an outbreak share their Immunity with the young pigs as long as these are nursing, but when the pigs are taken away from the sows, and this protection is no longer afford ed, the pigs take cholera very easily if exposed to any infection lingering on the premises from the previous out break. If signs of cholera make their ap pearance make preparations to have the single treatment administered without delay. From fifteen to forty cubic centimeters of serum for each pig will be required. The amount de pends upon the size and condition of the pigs. , MILK MACHINES SAVE TIME Do Not Affect Milk Flow, According to Tests Made at Geneva (N. Y.) Experiment Station. The first United States patent cov ering a milking machine was Issued In 1849. In 1860 two more were granted. Since that time various devices have been patented. Tests made by the New York agri cultural experiment station at Geneva prove that machine milking does not affect the milk flow. It was also found that milking ma chines were great time savers. The total time required to milk 30 cows was 121.02 minutes, or an average of 4.034 minutes to milk one cow. Under commercial conditions, th time could be decidedly lessened. The milking machine Is no longer an experiment. It Is being used the world over by progressive dairymen ATTACHING WIRES TO TREES First Nail Wooden Strip to Trtt and Then Fasten Wire to 8trlp Grow 8om Fence Posts. In attaching fence wires or woven wire fencing to trees, nail a strip of wood from one to two Inches thick to the troo. Then fuston your wire with staplos to the strip of wood and not to the bark of the tree Itself. If the wires are fnstenod directly to the bark of the tree the tree will grow over the wires and over the wound and seri ously mar the tree and shorten its life. Trees make good fence posts. I know of no cheaper fence posts than those secured by planting a row ol The Right Way. poplar trees eight to ton feet apart, or closer, along the line where you want a fence. In a short space of time, says a writer in Farmers' Guide, you will have a line of fonce posts and a beau tiful windbreak at small expense. These live trees will last for more than the lifetime of the owner and in many respects are superior to the ordinary fence posts and cheaper. ANIMAL FOOD IS ESSENTIAL To Secure Best Egg Yield Poultryman Must 8upply Fowls With Green Cut Bone or Milk. If the best egg yield Is to be ob tained animal food in some form must be supplied during the fall and winter months. During spring and summer, fowls having range will obtain ani mal food In the form of bugs and worms, but when the frosty days come and this form of animal food ean no longer bo obtained, the poultryman must supply this element in the ration by the feeding of green cut bone, beef scrap or milk. If to be obtained, fresh bone from the butcher is not only the cheapest but the best animal protein food that can be obtained. Bone is rich In pro tein, fat and minerals. It should always be fed while fresh, especially If the weather Is at all warm, since it spoils quickly, and the feeding of tainted bone is always attended with danger. If it Is impossible to obtain bone, beet scrap will supply the hens with the needed animal protein. Beef scrap Is a product of the packing houses, and Is the residue from tallow and lard rendering, thoroughly cooked and ground. Cracklings can sometimes be pur chased from local butchers at a price much less than that charged by deal ers for commercial beet scrap. These are Identical with beef scrap In food elements, and It is always a matter of economy to purchase and feed them if possible. Milk is also an animal protein food. Milk, however, is not sufficiently rich In protein to entirely replace bone or beef scrap. Where milk is fed, It Is cus tomary to reduce the proportion of bone or scrap In the ration one-half. Milk should be fed always sweet or al ways sour, since the changing from one to the other will likely upset the fowl's digestion. CRATE FEEDING OF CHICKENS Method Has Proved to Be Most Satis factory Means of Preparing Poultry for Market. During the past few years the crate feeding of chickens for market has been Introduced from England and has made substantial progress in Canada, because it has proved to be the most satisfactory means of preparing poul try for market. The work of fatten ing Is readily conducted in the crates. The gain in live weight made by the birds ranges from one to three pounds per chicken during the fattening pe riod. Crated chickens command an In creased price per pound because they supply a much larger percentage ot meat than when lean. The flesh is also more tender and palatable be cause It Is produced by the wholesome food that Is of necessity fed during the fattening period. The confining of the birds In crates also tends to render the muscular tis sue less tough, and in properly fat tened birds there should be an almost entire absence of such tissue. The type ot bird that Is capable of produc ing the best results in egg production Is also the best type ot bird to produce flesh in the fattening crate. Feeds for Ewes and Mares. For breeding ewes, roots and vege tables are the best kind of succulent foods, although corn ensilage may be used with fairly good results. In feed ing corn ensilage to breeding ewes better results will come from feeding it once a day and allowing each ewe from 2 to 4 pounds at a fesd. En silage Is not a good food for brood mares and great care should be exer cised in feeding It if any is fed to them. Silage for Bulls. Dairy farmers are practically unani mous in the opinion that a too liberal ration of silage should not be fed to the herd bull. When so fed the ani mal is usually rather heavy middled, sluggish and slow In breeding. The large amount of silage distends the middle unduly and does not supply the balance ot nutrients necessary to keep the animal vigorous and active in service. iH"n'.-v-Firai-ii r orv irr -v- NEED CARE IN COOKING CEREALS MUST BE PREPARED WITH EXACTITUDE, To Bring Out the Full Food Value of the Grain Requires Skill and Thought on ths Part of the Housswlfs. We have no fault to find with the many excellently prepared and co- called cooked cereals which from time to time are found appetizing and agreeable in appearance, but there li also need of cereals which require long-continued cooking to extract the full value of the grain and bring it to delicious creamlness. In this class are oatmeal, wheat, hominy, rice and com. By whatever ntme the various ground preparations are called, they all need continued, Intense cooking to ourst the starch cells, soften the sur rounding husk tissues, and make them thoroughly fit for human food. Cracked wheat Is a coarse form ot wheat with a particularly nutty flavor. So-called "whole" or "plnhead" oat meal has advantages over the mora -usual "rolled" form. Good hominy, which Is now no longer prepared with lye, is anothor breakfast food which should be more frequently used. Cornmeal, although fallen Into disre spect and considered common, per haps, Is one of the best ot cool weath er cereals. It Is rich In starch and fat and thus In heat-producing qualities. Oatmeal Is the one cereal containing the largest amount of protein or muscle-forming nutriment That Is, it it comparable to meat or any cereals, and contains less starch. It Is there fore, perhaps, the cereal which should be most frequently given to the srow- Ing child. The whole grain must be soaked all day and then steamed sev eral hours, but In this form it fur nishes a splendid and sufficient break fast cereal. Next to oalmoal comes wheat with a higher per cent ot starch. It should, however, be used in as nearly the nat ural state as possible that Is, the cracked grain with the outer coat re maining In which are stored the im portant mineral elements which make bone and the best kind of tissue. Hom iny Is almost entirely starch and there fore needs the most perfect cooking In order that the starch shells may be adequately burst and cooked. For all ot these cereals either a steam cooker or a tireless cooker la preferable. Given a halt hour's quick boiling at night they may be placed In the flreless cooker, preferably with the heated radiator under them, and allowed to cook slowly with the re tained heat ot the flreless. Sufficient water should always be put on them to allow perfect swellluf: of each grain. Such cereals, whon properly cooked, are not a "mush" but ot a uniform, creamy consistency. It may take time o- rather a little more effort to cook cereals properly, but the effort la more than repaid In the quality ot the food. The cool weather cereal should be a point of special euro with the housewlfo. Curried Chicken. For curried chicken prepare one large frying chicken by jointing It la the usual way. Put two ounces of but ter Into the frying pan and add threo sliced oulons, one chopped cpplo and tbe chicken. Fry all a delicate brown, then add one pint of white stock In which a dessertspoonful of curry pow der with a tablespoonful of flour have been blondod. Let all simmer for halt an hour, remove from the fire and add a tablespoonful ot lemon juice and four talilespoonfu's of cream. Serve on a hot platter with boiled rice heaped In the center, the chicken ar ranged around it and the gravy poured over it. Curried Oysters. Drain and wash 25 oysters. Make on an ordinary pancake griddle. Throw the oysters, three or four at a time, on the griddlo and brown on both sides. Lift quickly and place In a doublo boiler, which stands beside the griddle. When all the oysters are cooked add to thorn one tablespoonful of flour, one-half tablespoonful ot salt, ono tablespoonful ot curry powder and a dash of cayenne pepper. Stir until the Ingredients roach the boiling point and add one tablespoonful of lemon Juice and ono email onion grated. Spanish Rice. Have ready a saucepan in which are two tablespocnfuls of nice hot drip pings. Throw in a half cupful of well washed rice and toss about until nicely browned. Add ono sliced tomato, one sliced onion and a clove of garlic and brown slightly. Cover the whole with hot water, reason with salt and pep per. Cover and lot the rice cook thor oughly, adding more water as needed. Do not stir, as the beauty of It lies In the plump brown unbroken kernels, Orange Shortcake. Make a rich biscuit dough and roll about half an Inch thick. While it is baking peel three large oranges and break them into sections, or cut cross wise in thin slices. Cover with a cup ful ot sugar and let them stand until the cake In done. Split the latter and spread each half with softened butter. Arrange the sugared orange slices be tween the cake and on the top. Serve worm. Paprika Potatoes. Select large potatoes for baking. As soon as done slice crosswise, once each way to the depth of an inch. Turn up the ends of the skin loosened and with a fork loosen the potato well Inside; season with salt and add a generous piece of butter, plenty ot paprika. Stand in the oven for a mo ment and serve. Minced Limb With Peppers. Add one shredded sweet pepper to remnants of cold lamb which have been chopped fine. Put two table spoonfuls ot butter In a hot frying pan, add the lamb and peppers, season well and dredge thoroughly with Rour. Then add enough stock to moisten. Servo on small squares of buttered toast.