The Eugene guard., March 28, 1925, Image 10

Pnare Ten
THE EUGENE GUARD
IS
ONE OF GREATEST
OF
Few farmers in Orcnon or the
western states practice good crop ro
tations. Throughout the United
Ktates in fact use of good crop ro
tations has advanced but slowly. Yet
the importance of using a good rota
tion is so great, not only in maintain
ing and increasing soil fertility, crop
jiolils, profits, and in its immediate
iff ft in increasing farm labor effi
ciency, that its value can hardly be
overestimated.
A real crop rotations Is a perman
ent plan for changing the crops from
year to year in regular order from
field to field over the entire farm so
that in the course of a given number
of years every field will have re
ceived the same sequence of crops,
while each year the same acreage of
each of the crops is produced by the
farm gs a whole. A first class crop
rotation has many requirements.
Feed and Cash Crops
It should provide the feed crops
ml cash crons desired. The feed
crops include as far as the land per
mits all of the crops desired for the
live Btock, such ns liny, grain, green
! feed, silae, forage, pasture, and
; straw. The cash crops included in
I the rotation are any field crops raised
tor cash sale, such as potatoes, beans,
clover seed, vetch seed, field pea seed,
cabbage, cannery crops, and bo forth.
Uniform amounts of feed and cash
crops should be grown each year.
' This will permit the full tise of all
i equipment and the planning of a defl
1 tile labor program.
Soil Fertility Neosssary
Crops for maintaining or increasing
the fertility of the soil should be
Included. This Is accomplished
chiefly through the regular and ample
use of the legumes, the use of green
manures, the return of all barnyard
manures and nil straws to the soil,
ud the systematic use of commercial
! fertilisers or amendments sucn as
I Bine, where these are profitable.
Maintaining and improving the
i tilth or physical condition of the soil
: is necessary. This is done chiefly
! through occasional deep plowing and
I thorough surface cultivation, and
i through increasing the humus content
throuf.h the organic matter derived
from I ho rools of stubblo of legumes,
from manures, straws, and so forth.
Post Eradication Stressed
Eradication or control of insects,
i plant diseases, and weed pests should
' be provided for, The rotation should
Include any special features needed
for combating any of these pests that
are prevalent.
Tho crops should be moved regu
larly from field to field from year to
year, so that each field, when the ro
tation course is completed, will have
received tho same treatment as to
succession of crops and so forth, so
that the entire farm will have re
ceived a uniform benefit.
A good rotation provides for the
best possible distribution of labor
throughout the year, so that as far
a possible both "peak loads" and
idle seasons wll be avoided.
Labor Is Reduced
Reduction of labor will result from
the use of a good rotation through
the elimnatjon of extra plowing, ex
tra preparation of seed beds, or ex
tra field work of any kind, in so far
as is possiblo through careful plan
ning of the rotation order.
The best sequence of crops should
bo provided so that each crop In the
rotntion will be preceded by the one
which will benefit it moBt, or permit
It to be seeded with the(;'lenst labor,
will leave the land in the best condi
tion for it as to fertility, physical
condition and so forth, br that will
best take core of the crop enemies,
weeds, insects and plant diseases.
Clover should be preceded by wheat,
or barley or rape, oh it may he seeded
with these crops at no extra expense
for seed bed or loss of cropping
season. The small grains should be
preceded by an Intertilled row crop.
en that weeds may be disposed of
prior to the growing of the small
grains, and also so that cost of seed
bed preparation may be reduced,
since frequently it is possible to
merely disk Ihe intertilled field and
seed to grain without plowing.
Legumo Crops First
The intertilled row crops such ns
potatoes, corn, roots, culituige, knle.
and so forth, should be preceded by
legume crops or with the use of barn
yard or green manures or by legumes
and hum mnnuri's, as these crops
are heavy feeders requiring an
abundance of huuius and nitrogen.
A font -field Imsie rot tit Inn for a
general crop-and-stock furm, adapted
to T.one county is as follows: first
year, flllAIN' (seeded to clover),
used fur feed crops of osts. bin-lev.
I - . . I.
NEST RACK AND DRY MASH FEEDER EASY TO MAKE
Two Poultry House Essentials Shown In Diagrams; Nest Rack Will Care for 120
Hens; Feeder Provides for 75 Chickens
FOUR FACTORS IN
(By NEA
fOLUMBL'S, O.,
Service)
March 7. Two
enstMitials in poultry keeping, es
pecially when new living quarters
are built for a flock, are a dry mash
feeder and a nest rack.
These have been designed, in sim
ple and practical form, by the Ohio
State Agricultural college here, bo
thut anyone can build them with tho
least effort at low cost.
The dry inflwli feeder shown here
is believed efficient and wasteproof.
The feed is easily accessible, and
with nmple light which should be
provided by sufficient windows both
in front end back of the poult rv
house the birds naturally will eat
more mash.
This means more eggs, for they
are produced by the mash consumed
rather than the grain. The eggs arc
produced at lower cost per dozen,
not only because of a greater result
ant number but because the mash is
consumed at a minimum of waste
Feeder Requirements
The feeder shown here will accom
modate 75 birds and will require ad
ditional mask about once a week.
The box Is often built in a V-shape
instead of rectangular, as shown.
But the rectangular box Is easier to
build.
Material for the dry mash feeder
consists of the following.
4 pieceK2"x2", X ft. long.
2 pieces l"x4" 2 ft. long.
2 pieces lMx4' 4 ft, long.
4 pieces l"i(t", 4 ft. long.
1 piece l"x!2", 4 ft. long.
2 pieces l"x!2", 8Mi inches long.
2 pieces l"x2", 4 ft. long.
2 pieces lMxl", 1 ft. long.
3 pieces VxHW'xW.
4 lath, 3'-7'4" long.
' 2 21" screws, No. 10.
1 lb. Cd nails.
Sanitary Rack
The nest rack is made so that it
can be cleaned easily. This is made
possible by the construction of re
movable nest bottoms.
The diagram Bhown here is for 24
nests, this rack will take care of 120
birds. The photograph is one of a
smaller nest rack, but it gives' a
genernl idea of the construction.
The nest bottoms rest on nails
driven part way into the l"xl2" par
titions and can easily be removed for
cleaning.
These noBt racks are fastened
against tho wall of tho poultry house.
They should not bo placed under
neath the dropping board where
they ore likely to harbor disease and
lice.
, Movable Shelf .
The lunged door-like shelves or
platforms serve two purposes: (1)
The nests; (2) In case the birds
tend to roost in the nests at night
the platforms can bo closed up.
Put tho hinges on backward as
liey will net ns brackets.
sloping top prevents the hens
j
i
I
i
y
I ;; . ,i j i. ji ,L I vA
hl 3T. t li li . , (.Jr "
I - n ?, ' K 4 J z
i v"
,,;r jwm.ni , f, , , , mummmm
.. .r , : rrs-r-r1
J ' - ' L
l l: .
OF BEES
HELD IMPORTANT
Success in honey production is not
an accident but tbe result of con
centrated efforts. Four factors en
ter into successful caring of bees
cood bees, good equipment, good lo
cation, and above all good manage
ment. To have good bees it is essential
that all colonies be frequently re
qucened with high grade Italian
queens. Queens may be bought from
breeders, but it is better for the bee
keeper to rear his own queens. Queens
that have been transported any great
distance are never as good for honey
production as those that have never
been confined. In selecting the breed
ing stock the following factors are
considered the workers should be
reasonably gentle, of uniform color,
industrious and resistant to disease.
Equipment Important
1 (Jood equipment is of primary im
portance. The two essential things
in regard to equipment are to have
l all combs of solid worker cells built
! from full sheets of foundations, se
curely wired In standard frames, and
to have good waterproof telescope
covers for the hives.
Oregon has three different bee
keeping regions: regions where nl-
fulfa and sweet clover are grown ex
tensively under irrigation, sections in
the mountains where firewood or wil
low herb Is abundant, and regions
where clover, vetch and other culti
vated plants are grown. In locating
an apiary good roads, good markets,
good soil conditions, and good average
weather conditions ore considered.
Three Main Items
The preparation for winter, proper
care during the spring and early
summer, and the Jiarveting of tho
crop and the re-qucening for the com
ing year ore the main items that the
word "management" covers.
Good beekeeping consists in having
nil colonies bended by good queens,
and then giving those queens a chance
to build their colonies up to maxi
mum strength so they aro not handi
capped by insufficient stores, lack Qf
room, disease, or nny other factor
that tends to retard the development
of the colony.
At the ton Is a sketch showlna the details of a rack of 24
nests for 120 hens. The next photograph Is a view of a smaller
nest rack, built on the same principle. The other photograph and
plans are of the dry mash feeder.
from roosting on top of the nest
rack.
Material Needed
Material needed for the rack of 4
nests include: ' '
8 pieces I"xl2"xl2' long. Enci
piece cuts Into 3 pieces 4'-2' long.
0 pieces I"x4"xl0' long.
S pieces J"xO"xlO' long. ,
4 pieces I"xl2"xl0' long, ono for
tho top, and the remaining three to
be cut up into 24 nest bottoms, each
14" long.
1 piece I'li3"xl0' long. .
!) six-Inch heavy T hinges.
No. IV screws,
2 lbs. 6d box nails.
now is because every hen on every
form begins to lay during this season,
says Hull.. To keep the price from
sliding further, Hall suggests:
"1. Hatch all availabla eggs. Fry"
ers may bring a fair price this spring.
Besides, pullets hatched early should
lay foil and winter eggs.
"2. Preserva eggs for next win
ter's use. This can be done by pack
ing them into a galvanized jar of
about five-gallon capacity, for each
15 dozen eggs, in a water glasB, or
sodium silicate solution.
"8. Consume all tho eggs you can
at home. They are high in food value
and there are many ways to prepare
them."
Regularity Counts
In Poultry Raising
Regularity of management is one
of the ."little things" that affecta egg
production. . '
' Chickens are creatures of bablt
and are accustomed to lay in the
same nest every time, roost in the
same spot every night, and eat at the
same feed hopper.
If there in no regularity of methods
or care, the hens do not know what
to expect, are thrown out of their
routine and do not lay as well as they
should.
Crowding, together with dampness
and soiled condition of the house, will
cause lowered! production. Clean
liness goes hnnd in hand with high
production.
Other little things that count are
ventilation, the care of the feeder, tha
water supply, the type of feed hopper,
and whether or not the mash and
grain mixture is appetizing.
I 1 1 1 I -JJ
nnnrp nr innmir .Lobsr5
IIII.II .1 III uiii.i.uur ri
uuulu ui inuuuiL
PROVE POPULARITY
OREGON AGRICULTURE COL
LEGE, Corvallis, March 28. (Spe
cial) Ten thousand doBes of hemor
rhagic septicemia vaccine, going to
all parts of Oregon, have been aent
out annually by the bacteriology de
partment of the experiment Btation
the last few years. The vaccine is
used mostly on cattle and sheep and
sometimes hogs. '
This vaccine is particularly effec
tive because it consists of living
weakened bacteria made up fresh for
each order. Vaccines consisting of
killed organisms are not nearly so
effective as those made up of the
weakened bacteria.
Outbreaks Hers
Several outbreaks of hemorrhagic
septicemia have occured at Spring
field, Junction City and Eugene the
hist few yenrs.. It is prevalent in
Klamath, Malheur, Coast and Wil
lamette valley counties.
Hemorrhagic septicemia is often
wrongly diagnosed because of lack of
definite symptoms. Calves often die
of the pneumonic type, the symptoms
of which are hard breathing and n
peculiar coufih. At other times they
die apparently without cause. It is so
named . because there is usually
hemorrhages somewhere- about the
body.
Easily Controlled
The disease is very easily con
trolled by vaccination. The vaccine
"entioti i- Drw
with sheep .. ,ht X0'"' "2
'der.ble 1 W to
ot Southern 0rI0 ,"
(aliforni. -..l. "m i xJr"
b, "terinanirr,h
that i, 0e,"w7.
mic needle and the vL?
"2 cubic H.;
mala and 1 cubic cent? ' U
'Ibeco,"nt''W'''
cent a dose. " " a j
)ro
Egg Price Problem
Solution Explained
(By NEA Service) ,
CLEM SON COLLEGE, S C
March 28. Hatch eggs, preserve
eggs, eat eggs, is tho warning of T.
H. Hall, extension poultry husband
man of Clemson College, here, to
avoid a further drop in their market
price.
The reason why egg prices are low
Valley Printing Co.
Oyer U:. S. Nat'l, Bank.
WEDDING AND BUSINESS
' ANNOUNCEMENTS
COM M ERCiAL AND SOCIAL
PRINTING
FOR QUICK SERVICE CALL 470
Hera la a. Terr rem writable strain.
nearly twice the slie of the origin
in
It ti
ry rem)
the slie
Ro.ntm And verr much aUioerlor In aitalltr
Ksxnrlv oil nam aiftrrv 12 ranri of deeD. rich (olden
yellow kerneli, set cloaa upon tbe cob. Do not
compare thU with the original strain, an It la
far superior In every respect, and any gardener
who place this corn on the market will command
better sales and prices.
It has no superior for market, table, canning or
dry In. We carry tbe exclusive seed of this Im
proTeu strain. Remember, we are ImproTlnf this
variety every year and If you wish the up-to-date
election, buy direct from ns eaoh year. We have
received many letters of praise for this corn and
lta s-ood qualities represent 1? years of earnest work
on otir part. Many of our customers will ha to
nothing; else.
Pkt. 10c i H lb. 20c t lb. 8ffo. B. or F., lb. Soei
10 lbs. 9 Sc. !5 lbs. 9 Mot 50 lb. 2 20c.
For This Northwest Garden Collection
Begular Valne Sl.M Ono Packet Each
nf that Following:
Bean, Burpee's Stringiest; Bran, Gill's Delicious Giant;
Beet, Bxtra Early Egyptian Special; Sweet Corn, GUI's
Improved Golden Bantam; Carrot, Table Gem; Cucum
ber, Davis Perfect; Lettuce, New York; Parsnip, Tender
Heart; Muskmellon. Golden Cream; Peas, Quite Content
(late): Peas. World's Ilecord: Spinach. Mammoth Winter;
Radish, Early Scarlet Turnip White tipped; Turnip,
urange Jeny.
year prOTed
imrrnred hog, ,h. '"st
'"mors i
or more pork i ISO i '
had a Bcrub litttr 1 ' 101 '
$2481.00
GIVEN FRFP
The above amount ha k.
as?5f8on8o0wrrewmb,i.I
Hrst prize 1925 Ford t
car. Besides this llM't't
Hi,
1 4 j
12 3 ,
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 s
Send $1
arrange me tigurm lh,
above square in 8uch a mMeI
that they will count 15 each ni
(horizontally and vertically) 5
..u u3 your answer- togeUe,
.. juui name uuu aaarm new
ly written on a sheet nf .
and if your answer is correct ti
illustrated prize list describing ttu
prizes and giving tull inlormaUm
and rules. In case ot tlei m
eral appearance, neatness ui
hand-writing of entry will be tot
aldered factors. If correct . mi
advise you by return mall oi i
simple condition to fulfill. Don
send any money. You can 1 i
prize winner without speadinj
one cum oi your money
bend your answer act QUlcM;,
The Pacific Homestead
196 South Commercial
Salem, Oregon
Hall's Catarrh
Medicine jtt
it rid your system of Catarrh ot Dot
mss caused by Catarrh.-
c.I. CHENEY & CO.,Toledo, Ohb
SICK 3 YEARS
WITHOUT RELIEF
Finally Found Health by
Taking Lydia El. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound
Columbia, S. C "Your medieins
has done me no much good that I feel
I line l owe niv me
to it. ror throo
years I was sick
and was treated
by physicians, but
they didn't seem
to nelp me any.
Then 1 took Lydm
E. Pinkham'aVeR
etnblo Compound
and frot stronff
enough to do my
housework, where
before I was hard
ly able to be up. 1 have also taken
the Vegetable Compound during the
Change of Life And it has left me in
good health. I recommend it as the
best medicino for women in the
Change of Life end you can use these
.wU as a testimonial." Mrs. S. A.
Iioixby, R. F. P. Mo. 4, Columbia,
South Carolina.
Why suffer for years with back
ache, nervousness, painful times and
other ailmenta common to women
from early life to middle age, when
Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Com
pound will bring relief?
In a recent country-wide canvass
of purchasers of Lvdia E. PinkhanVs
Vogetablo Compound over 21)0,000
replies were received, and 98 out of
every 100 reported they were bene
fited by its uoe,
wheat, etc. Second year, CLOVER,
cash crop of clover need! Third
year, CLOVKK, feed crops of hay
and forage pasture. Fourth' year,
ClirriVATKD CHOP, (mnuured),
feed crops of corn, sunflowers, roots,
kale, etc., or cash crops of potatoes,
field beans, cabbage and so forth.
Red or Alsike Clover
Tbe clover In the forgoing rotation
may be either the red clover on tbe
better drained soils, or ulsikc clover
on the more poorly drained Noils. Or
smooth vetch may be substituted for
the clover clover mnkine the rotation.
(1) grain, (1!) vetch seed. CO vetch:
liny, and (4) cultivated crops. Where j
one fourth of the farm gives too;
large an area to be handled with i
available labor and equipment In ml-
tivnted row crops, substitution for'
a portion of this field with vetch,
grown for seed makes a antisfactory .
way of reducing the area devoted tot
row crops.
In this rotation tbe portion of the;
clover or vetch cut for bay, or seed, j
or used for forage pasture will vary j
according to the amount of livestock
to be maintained. In the cultivated f
crop field, some of the feed crops'
namrd will be used for silage and
some for green feed, and some for
bogging down, while the remainder 1
will be used ns n cash crop.
Advantages Given
Romp of the ndvuntages of tils ro-
tntiou nre ns follows : The clover
seed is broadcast over the1 grain in
the' early spring, usually February
or March, thus a cropping season is
not lost in getting the clover seeded
nnd no extra preparation of seed bed
is required, Tbe clover is cut for
seed tbe first year always, because
.the crop is free of weeds nnd grasses
that year, thus giving tbe cleanest
seed. After the clover has been cut
the second crop year for hay, it is
manured in the fall or early spring,
then disked and plowed In the spring
and prepared for the cultivated crop
that follows.
When tho cultivated crop has been
hnr vested it iu turn is disked in the
fall and seeded at once to grain
without plowing nnd -then the grain
in turn is seeded back to clover,
hence only one plowing of each field
is required in the four years rotation.
if.
-J .a
Plant Grafted Franquette Walnuts
They are money makers
tni of tbe best blocks of grafted
Vroomatt Franquette In the State.
Well Urown, selected type. tood
line of npple, ppnr, filberts, cherry,
peach, prune, plum, apricots, small
fruits, etc. Kight stock at right
prices. Submit your want list, ask
for prices, 35 years In business.
Carlton Nursery Co.
Carlton, Oregon.
Wood and Coal
Wood under cover any
length
King Coal Oak
Cord Wood Ash
Slabwood Maple
MANtRUD-
HUNTINGTON
FUEL CO.
1st National Bank Bldo.
Room 24
Phone 6S1
fjHICHESTER S PILLS
'v . Tlir IIMIIUND OKA-IB. .
III. I. 11.. ...1 It.u ..nAU
Prwi,ti. A. rtiri.tiiVfVnia
Ll.Vovn nut!, riLi'Xte u
IMHtHnUKMllHl II ... . .
flmpT Exclusive Wood Range
i
tor o4. ' "" "
i.anii ron.frttrllon .nnnl.a
II n bnra pKtcl. Incl.idtn
"on. ni'.m .. Th. J.AN.1
wmlD li 1!ASITBBI "" l
Ion. lt. on.-lf ol
Urmy H-.nmil.l,
,..m.l trim . ll". ' "X"Z
te l... Ih. T'' " ' '''
Charlet's Bargain Store
63 West 8th Street
EUGENE OREGON
Financing the Progressive
Farmer
Peterson & McCully, Inc., through connections with the Vermont Loan
& Trust Co., Mortgage Loan Correspondent The Prudential Insurance
Company of America, College Endowment Funds, and hundreds of pri
vate investors, are able to make loans to Willamette Valley farmers at ex
tremely low interest rates. Either long or short' term financing, five to
twenty year maturity ' with prepayment privileges, can be obtained depend
ing upon your needs.
However, we do not advise the borrowing of money unless it be for
such good business reasons as
1 . To improve your farm, thus increasing your income.
2. To purchase stock or additional land, thus increasing your capital
investment.
3. To repay your present indebtedness if you can reduce your interest
charges.
Upon the above basis, we make you a more attractive loan than any
other company or the Federal Land Bank can offer you at the present time.
We also guarantee you a better loan at the most-practical rate for you
to pay and for the term of years you need, with repayment privileges
which make it possible for you to save interest; or, in case of a sale of
your farm, the full amount of your loan without bonus.
We offer you expert financial advice without obligation or expense.
The most .complete farm financing service in the Northwest.
MORTGAGE LOANS BONDS AND INVESTMENTS
Peterson and RicCully
621 Willamette Street Eugene, Oregon
Fill out and mail this rnnnnn wil-l-iniif -k1;rraf,'n rs vnencf ,
l" " - . ' - - . WUIIUUIIUII Jk
Eugene, Oregon.
acres, located
PETERSON AND McCULLY
Gentlemen: I have a farm of.
(Town)
Acres cultivated .
Acres pasture
I would like to know what a loan of $ .
Acres timber
miles... vfrom
(Direction)
would cost mc
SOLO IX DRUGGISTS EVIRYHHLRE