Eugene daily guard., December 08, 1908, Image 2

ii
HEAT
In the Right Place
At the Right Time
That's it where you want it when
you want it and if you only
knew how easy it is to carry Irora
room to room and how much
cheery comlort you can hive with a
PERFECTION
flil Rpntpr
. VU WVUIVS "
fllpi wllk Sskleae Dcvteo)
You would no longer be without one.
"No smoke no smell" this is the
Pirftclion maxim. Because the smokeless
Aevie. is smokeless vou can have
direct, glowing heat Irom every ounce
ol oil. Brass font holds 4 quarts
burns 9 hours. An ornament any
where finished in japan and nickel
Eveiy heater warranted.
n
fit mirtiK
f
"m paper it gives a bril
liant, steady light. Equipped with Ihc latest improved central draft
burner. Made ol brass, nickel plaled. Every lamp warranted.
Write our n rarest agency lor descriptive circular ii vou da I bad
tka Perfection Oil Heater or Rayo Lamp at your dealer .
STANDARD OIL COMPANY
(Incorporated)
The
LENOX
Portland's Nw and Most.
' Modernly Furnished
HOTEL
' Third and Main Streets -PORTLAND,
- OREGON
Possessing evfiy cc ritnicnce and an ideal location
fronting cn (he to dutiful city plaza. Adjacent to
business center. UF-lo-date grill. Telephone in
every room. Priate ba hs. Eus toard Jicm all trains
I P.' n American Plan
J2..M1 unit $3.00 per day.
$3.5,0 audi $4.oo with bath.
Rates European Plan
$1.00 and $1.60 per day.
(2.00 and $2.60 with bath.
Cugene Guard en File
O. H. SPENCEP , Manager
Misses' and Children's
High Top. Box Calf
SHOES
$2.00, $2.25 and $2.30
The exact shoe for protection against the wet
and disagreeable weather
BURDEN & GRAHAM
56ft Willamette St.
CHOICE CUTS OF
. . ROAST BEEF
Munv people say they are hard
to find hard If you don't
know.'ensy If you do. To make
It easy, note the addrese below
when In seurch of tendor, juicy,
nlloiiothor Batlnfylug cuts for
rousts and steaks,
Broders Bros
Phone Main 40 - West. 8tb St,
LAST ANNUAL MESSAGE
OF PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT
fakement of railroads should receive
ample remuneration, but no man should
be allowed to take money In connection
with railroads out of fraudulent over
capitalization ami kindred stock-gambling
performances; there must be no de
frauding of Investors, oppression or tne
farmers and business men who snip
freight, or callous disregard of tne
rights and needs of the employes. In
addition to this the Interests of the
shareholders, of the employes and or
the shippers should all be guarded as
against one another. To give any one
of them undue and Improper considera
tion Is to do Injustice to the others.
Rates must be made as low as is com
patible with giving proper returns to
all the employes of the railroad .from
the highest to the lowest, and proper
I returns to the shareholders; but they
must not, for lnstunce. be reduced n
such fashion as to necessitate a cut in
the wages of the employes or the abol
ition of the proper and legitimate pror
, its of honest shareholders. ,
i Telegraph and telephone companies
engaged In Interstate business should
be put under the Jurisdiction of the in
terstate Commerce Commission.
; It Is very earnestly to be wished thnt
, our people, through their represemu
; tives. should act In this matter. It Is
hard to say whether most damage to
the country at large would come from
! entire failure on the part of the public
! to supervise and control the actions of
the great corporations, or from the ex
l Ar .1, a n..D,rv enVernmental
power In a way that would do injustice
nnd wronar the coruorations. Both, tne
! preachers of an unrestricted Indivlduai
' ism and the preachers of an oppression
I which would deny to able men of busl
! Iness the Just reward of their Inltla
, tive and business sagacity, are advocat
ing nollcles that would be fraught with
. . t e T?ni 1 .dv.nt h.i-m tn the whole country.
velt's last annual message to con-' an" o0tion, no matter how iniquitous.
irrpaa read In both houses today: I In the effort to secure
To the Senate and House of Represent
atives:
BY PACK BAOS-M-V
THEODORE R008EVELT.
nn ImoroDer
profit, and to build up privilege, wou d
be ruinous to the republic and would
mark the abandonment of the effort. to
The financial standing of the nation , ggre industrial world the spirit
at the present time is excellent, and !f SoSmtk fair deillntf, On the oth
the financial management of the na- ISmi S Ittflck them wrongs in that
tinn'R liitftroHtH hv the trovernnient dur
ing the last seven years has shown the
most .satisfactory results. But our cur
rency system-is Imperfect, and it is ear
nestly to bo hoped that the Currency
Commission will be able to propose a
thoroughly good system which will do
away with the existing defects.
During the period from July 1 .1901,
to September 30, 1908, there was an In
crease In the amount of money In cir
culation of 1902.991.399. The Increase
per .capita during this period was $7.06.
Within this time there were several oc
casions when it was necessary for the
Treasury Department to come to the
aid of the money market by purchases
or redemptions of United States bonds,
by increasing deposits in National
bnnkB, by stimulating additional Issue
of National bank noteH, and by fn.i:i:i
tatlng Importations from abrond of
gold. Our Imperfect currency system
lias mndti these proceedings necessary,
and they were effective until the mon
etary disturbance of 1907 Immensely
increased the difficulty of ordinary
methods of relief. By the middle of
November the available working bal
ance In the treasury had been reduced
to approximately 15,000.000. Clearing
house associations throughout the
country had been obliged to rosort to
the expediency of Issuing clearing
house certificates, to be used as money.
In this emergency It was determined to
invite subscriptions for SCO, 000,000 of
Panama canal bonds, and $100,000,000
three per cent certificates of Indebted
ness authorized by the act of Ju,ne 13,
1908. It was proposed to redeposlt in
the National banks the proceeds of
these issues, and to permit their use aB
a basis for additional circulating notes
or National DanKs. The moral effect
spirit of demagogy which can see
wronir only when committed against
men of property or by men or no prop
erty, is exactly as evil as corruptly to
defend the wrongdoings of men of
wealth. The war we wage must be
waged against misconduct, against
wrongdoing wherever it Is found; and
we must stand heartily for the rights of
everv decent man, whether he be a man
of great wealth or a man who earns
his livelihood as a wage-worker or a
tllItTis to' the interest of all that there
should be a premium put upon Individ
ual Initiative and capacity, and an am
ple reward for the great directing in
telligences alone competent to manage
the great business operations of to
day. It is well to keep In mind that
exactly as the anarchist Is the worst
enemy of liberty and the reactionary
the worst enemy of order, so the men
who defend the rights of property have
most to fear from the wrongdoers of
great wealt hand the men who are
championing popular rights have most
to fear from the demagogues who in
the name of popular rights would do
wrong to and oppress honest business
men, honest men of wealth .for the
success of either type of wrongdoer nec
essarily Invites a violent reaction
against the cause of the wrongdoer
nominally uphold?, tjn point of danger
to the nation there TS nothing to choose
between on the one hand, the corrup
tionist, the brlbe-glver, the bribe-taker,
the man who employs his great talent
to swindle his fellow-citizens on a large
scale, and, on the other hand, the
preacher of class hatred, the man who.
wnetner trom ignorance ur wiuhibhcbo
to sacrifice his country to his ambi
tions, persuades well-meaning but
of tills procedure was so great that it wr0ng-headed men to try to destroy the
was , necessary to issue only $24,631,- instruments upon which our prosperity
mainly rests. 1-et each group of men
980 of the Panama canal bonds, and
$lM36,&0U of the certificates of indebt
edness.
During the period from July 1, 1801,
to September 30, V908, the balance be
tween the net ordinary receipts and the
net ordinary expenses of the govern
ment showed a surplus In the four years
1902, 1903, 1906 and 1907 .and a deficit
In the. years 1904. 1905, 190S and a frac
tional part of the fiscal year 1909.
In short, during the seven years and
three months there has been a net sur
nlus of nearlv one hundred nilllinnM nf
receipts over expenditures, a reduction j
of the interest-bearing debt by ninety
millions. In spite of the extraordinary
expense of the Panama canal, anil a
saving of nearly nine millions on the
annual interest charge. This is an ex
ceedingly satisfactory showing, espec
ially In view of the fact that during
this period the nation has never hesi
tated to undertake any expenditure that
u regarueu as necessary, mere nay
been no new tuxes and no increase
i-reUucZalo-n11 - i buss'soT:!!;
a leuutuon ol taxation. I esty, they are striking at the root of
i oriiorntiuns j our national well-being.; for In the
As regards tne great curr,tH-atlons en- i long run, under the mere pressure of
beware of and guard itself against the
shortcomings to which that group Is It
self most liable. Too often we sec the
business community In a spirit of un
healthy class consciousness deplore the
effort to hold to account under the law
the wealthy men who in their manage
ment of great corporations, whether
railroads, street railways, or other In
dustrial enterprises, have behaved In a
way that revolts the conscience of the
plain, decent people. Such an attitude
cannot be condemned too severely, for
men of property should recognize that
they Jeopardize the rights of property
when they fail heartily to join in the
effort to do away with the abuses of
wealth. On the other hand, those who
advocate proper control on behalf of the
public, through the state, of these if r eat
corporations, and of the wealth en
gaged in a giant scale In business oper-
I alions, must over keep In mind that un
f less they do scrupulous Justice to the
J j corporation, unless they permit ample
gageti in Inter-stiile hnslness, aud es
pecially the railroads, I can only repeat
what I have already said again and
again In my mesagea to. the congress.
1 believe that -under, the interstate
clause of the constitution, the United
States lias complete and
right to control all agencl
state commerce, and 1 believe that the
National government alone can exer
cise this right with wisdom and effec
tiveness so as both to secure justice
from', and to do Justice to, the great
corporations which are the most impor
tant factors to modern business. I be
lieve that it Is worse thu-u folly to at
material distress, the people as a whole'
would probably go back to the reign of
an unrestricted individualism rather
than submit to a control by the
stute so drastic and so foollsh.conceived
in a snlrlt of such unreasonable, and
paramount ' narrow hostility to wealth,, as to pre-
ot Inter- : vent business operations irom ' oeing
profitable, ana therefore to bring to
ruin the entire business community, and
ultimately the entire body of citizens.
The opposition to government control
of these great corporations makes Its
most effective effort in the shape of an
appeal to the old doctrine of state's
rights, or course there are many sin-
Ytttttf??tfftTt
:::::::j:::::Ji::n::::::n::::ujt:
Dressmaking School
Pupils bring own material and make any garment
desired under competent instructors; classes to fill XX
all needs. .Advancement according to capability. The t3
latest up-to-date system of cutting and fitftng taught
thoroughly. Terms reasonable. For further particu
lars address MISS RECKERD, Room 1. Schneider Blk. -
s:::::::::t:::::i:ti:::::e::n:::n:::::::::::::::t:
leiupi 10 prunimi. uii cuiiiimmuons us is cere men Who now believe 111 unre
uy the bherman anil-trust law, , strlcted individualism In business. Just
as many sincere men formerly believed
Phoenix Lime and Sulphur
Liquid Spray
The Kind that pays. We have lust received our first car
for this season
f
Griffin Hardware Company
Agents for the Genuine "Phoenix Spray.1'
because such a law can be enforced on
ly Imperfectly and unequally, and Its'
enforcement works almost as much
hardship as good. I strongly advocate
that Instead of an unwise effort to pro
Id Id t all combinations there shall be
substituted a law which shall express
ly prohibit combinations which are In
the interest of the public, but shall at
the same time give to some agency of
the National government full power of
control a ml supervlslwv over them. One
of t ho chief features of this control
should he the securing of entire pub
licity of all matters which the public
has a right to know, and furthermore,
the power, not by Judicial but by ex
ecutive action, to put a stop to every
form of favoritism or other wrong-doing.
the railways of the country should
be put completely linear the power ef
the Interstate Commerce Commission,
and removed from the donuiin of the
ahli-truM law. The power ot the com
mission should be made thorough-go-;
tug. so that It could exercise complete
supervision and con 0 d over the issue
lot securities as well us the raising and
j lowering of rates. As regards rales, ut
least, this power should oe suiumaiy.
Hie power io uiveailKule the financial
operations and accounts of the vailwavs
has teeu one of the most valuable fea
i lures In vecent legislation. Power to
make, combinations and traffic agree
ments should be explicitly conferred
; .., Ml the railroads, toe permission of
...o Commission being first gained and
. i.ie combination or agreement being
! published In all Its details, in the in
terest of the public the representatives
of the public should have complete pow
I er to s, e that the railroads do their
duty by the public, and as a matter of
j course this power should nlso be exer-
elsed so as to see that no luUisilce Is
done to the railroads. The share-hold-j
ers. the employes and tho shippers all
1 have interests that musi be Kuarded
i It Is to the interest of all of them thut
no ."whittling stock speculation should
; be allowed and that there should be no
i improper issuance or securities The
jtt-oldlnK Intelligences necessary for lne
. vv. i.Ui.u.uH aim successiui man
In slavery that la. the mirentrletert
right of an Individual to own another
individual. These men do not by them
selves have great weight, however. The
effective fight against adeiuute gov
ernment control and supervision of in
dividual, and especially of corporate
wealth engaged In interstate business
is chiefly done under cover, and espec
ially under cover of an appeal to
states" rights. It Is not at all infre
quent to read tn some speech a denun
ciation or predatory wealth fostered
by special privilege and defiant of both
the public welfare and the law of the
land, and n denunciation Vf centraliza
tion In tlitcentral government of the
power to deal with this centralized and
organized weuli Of course, the policy
set forth such twin denunciations
amounts to'ibsolutely. nothing, ffl the
first half is n u 1 1 i f i ed by t h e secon d
half. The chief reason, among the
many sound and competing reasons,
that led to the formation iWiie nation
al government was the absolute need
that the union, and not the several
states, should deal with interstate and
foreign commerce, and the power to
ueai wun Interstate commerce was
mmrRHt of the (ceneral
nubile it can only be controlled In one
way by giving adequate power of con
trol to the one sovereignty capable of
exercising such power the national
government. Forty or fifty separate
state governments cannot exercise that
nower over corporations doing business
In most or all of them, first, because
they absolutely lack the authority to
deal with interstate business in any
form, and second, because of the inev
itable conflict of authority sure to arise
in the effort to enforce different kinds
of state regulation, often inconsistent
with one another, and sometimes op
pressive In themselves. Such divided
authority cannot regulate commerce
with wisdom and effect The central
government Is the only power which,
without oppression, can nevertheless
thoroughly and adequately control and
supervise the large corporations. To
abandon the effort for national control
means to abandon the effort for all ad
equate control and yet to render likely
continual bursts of action by state leg
islatures which cannot achieve the pur
pose sought for, but which can do a
great deal of damage to the corpora
tion without conferring any real bene
fit on the public,
I believe that the more far-sighted
corporations are themselves coming to
recognize the violent unwisdom of the
violent hostility they have displayed
during the last few years to regulation
and control by the national government
of combinations engaged in Interstate
business. The truth is that we who be
lieve in this movement of asserting and
exercising a genuine control, in the
public interest, over these great cor
porations :.ave to contend with two sets
of enemies, who, though nominally op
posed to one another are really allies
In preventing a proper solution of the
problem. There are, first, the big cor
poration men, and the extreme Individ
ualists among business men, who genu
inely believe in uterly unregulated bus
iness that is. the reiern of plutocracy.
and second, the men who, being blind to
the economic movements or the day, be
lieve in a movement of repression
rather than of regulation of corpora
tions, and who denounce both the cow
er of the railroads and the exercise of
federal power which alone can really
control the railroads. Those who be
lieve In efficient national control, on
the other hand, do not In the least ob
ject to combinations, do not in the least
object to concentration in business ad
ministration, on tne contrary, tney ra
vor both, with the all Important provi
sion that there shall be such publicity
about their work I rigs, and such thorough-going
control over them ,as to in
sure their being in the interest, and
not against the Interest, of the general
puouc. we ao not oDjeci to tne con
centratlon of wealth, and admlnlstra
tlon. but we do believe in the dlstrlbu
tinn of the wealth In profits to the real
owners, and In securing to the public
tne run oeneni or concentratea a.umin
istration. We believe that with eon
centratlon In administration there can
come both the advantage of a large
ownership and of a more equitable dis
tribution .f the profits, and at the same
time a better service to the common
wealt n. We. believe that the admiriin
tritlon should be for the benefit ot t.ie
many;, mat greea ana rascality, prae
tfeod in -j. largo scale, should be pun
lsiied as relentlessly as if it were prac
liceo oi.. a dmall scale.
l.alMrr
There are-many mutters a??ctinir la
bor and the status of the wage-worker
to which I should like to draw our at
tention, but an exhaustive discussion of
the problem In all its aspects is not
now necessary. This administration is
now nearing its end, and, moreover, un
der our form of government the solu
tlon of the problem depends upon the
action or the states as much as upon
the action of the nation. Nevertheless,
there are certain considerations which
I wish to set before von. hPPA.it ha I hnnp
that our people will be more and more
keep them in mind. A b ind and itrno
rant resistance to every effort for the
reiorm or auuses ror the readjust
ment of society to modern IndiiRtrin 1
conditions represents not true conser
vatism, but an incitement to the wild
est radicalism. , Wise radicalism and
wise conservatism go hand In hand, c'.-i
bent on progress, the other bent on see
ing that r.o change is made unless in
tne right direction. I believe in
steady effort, or perhaps It would -be
more accurate to say In steady efforts
In many different directions, to bring
about such a condition of affairs under
which the men who work with hand or
nrain, tne laborers, the superintendents
the men who produce for the market
and the men who find a market for the
article produced, shall own a far great
er share than at present, of the wealth
they produce, and be enabled to Invest
It In the otols and Instruments by
which all work is carried on. As far
as possible I hope to see a frank recog
nition of the advantages conferred by
machnlery. organization, and division
of labor, accompanied by an effort to
oring anout a larger snare in the own
ership by wage-workers of the rallw;iv
mill and factory. In farming, this sim
ply means tnat we wish to see the rar
mer own 'his own land; we do not wish
to see the farms so large that they be
come the property of absentee land
lords." who farm them by tenants, nor
yet so small that the farmer becomes
llkft a Kuropean peasant. Again, the
depositors in our savings banks now
number over one-tenth of our entire
population. These are all capitalists,
who through the savings banks loan
tin 1" run.ey to the workers that Is,
In many cases to themselves to carry
on li't-lr various Industries. The more
we increase their number, the more we
lntrt. din.t- the principles of co-opei ation
Into our industry. 10 very Increase In
the number of small stockholders In
corporations is a good thing, for the
same reasons ;and where the employes
are the stockholders the result is par
ticularly good. Very much of this
movement must be outside of anything
that can be accomplished by legisla
tion, nut legislation can do ngreat deal,
Postal savings banks will itfoke it easy
for the poorest to keep their savings
in absolute safety. The regulation of
the national highways must be such
that they shall serve all people with
equal Justice. Corporate finances must
he supervised so as to make It far safer
man at present for the nia-i oi tmall
means to invest tins money in stocks,
Tnei litest be nrnhlhlt inn nf eMId In -
bor. diminution of woman labor, short
ening or nours or an mechanical la
bor; stock watering should be nrohlb
ited and stock gambling should he dis
COUTUUTHd as fur nn iiohhUiIo Thr
should be a progressive inheritance tax
on large lortuncs. industrial education
should be encoiirneod. As fn t mm nns-
aime we siiouid lighten the burden-of
luxation on the small man. We should
put a premium upon hard work, thrift,
and business energy; but these quali
ties cease to be the main factors In ac
cumulating a fortune long before that
fortune reaches a point where- it would
be affected by any Inheritance tax such
as 1 propose. It Is eminently right that
the nation should fix the terms upon
which the great fortunes are Inher
ited. They rarely do good and thev of
ten do harm those who inherit them
In their entirety.
Protection tor Wave Workers
The above is the merest sketch, hard
.ly even a sketch in nutiino r n..
torms for which we should work. But
ms-e is one matter with which the
granted absolutely and plerAily to t
central government and wir exereis
'completely nn regards the only instru
ments or Interstate commerce knowAtn
those days tht waterways, the wfxU
mads, as well as the partnerships of n
, dlvlduuls who hten conducted all of
what business there was. Interstate
1 commerce Is now chiefly conducted by
railroads, and the great corporation has
: supplanted the mass of smaller partner
; ships or Individuals. The proposal to
( make the national government supreme
over, and therefore to give it complete
! control ever the railroads and other
i instruments of Interstate commerce, in
merely u proposal to carry out to the
; b iter otn of the prime purposes. If n.it
the prime purpose, for which the con
stitution was founded. It does not rep-
resent rentrnllxation. It represents
merely the acknowledgment of the p-n-!
ent fact that cent rati Tuition has already
i Come in hlllna It thl lrr..i...n.lt,l'A
outside business power la to be con-
(Contlnued -on Page Six)
jounces ur J
f $35-1 Quality
vcs'cs,t
Fads for WeWZ
ease of the ortan. di.tinctlv lemioiS
sverv dsv bv su"ome.
Dr. Piprpft'o i
o 4 avunie rWJ
U sett diraotly on the organ, affccted .SiC't !
live ionic lor the whole y.tem , .. '.' " '
ot home. It mslte, unnece..ary .k. . s7.1N
octi lresiment to umversslly ,umJ "L T7 "bNk,r
.
every modetr woman. M by i
Wejhall not narti
tboie peculiar (Sections inoid. Wow
flfttinri full '.r.n..: . V wOeo,. hut a.
..tia full ieform.tion n
means nf nn.ttiv ..... . nr ITmMoau
reon Seme Medical Adviser-1008 L!i W1le',C
.nJ uo-tcdste Edition. nt f, olrTT
,en .tamoi to cover cost ol mailin 11
binding !or 31 stamps ' clock
aare" ur v P'erce. Bafclo. N y
1
I
Black Motor Vehii
A Practical Car L
Business or Pleasure
Inexpensive, cost less than half as muchasthsJ
automobile low speed 2 to 6 miles St.
6 to 26 miles an hour. '
Neat in appearance
Travels any Road
Made any style
Prices
$375 to $?50
inese cars are made to qo anv seasnnnith.J
good or bad roads, are built like a surrey i
solid rubber tire, easy springs, motive pmst
substantially built. For demonstrations and fo
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