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About Independence enterprise. (Independence, Or.) 1908-1969 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 28, 1919)
PAGE 329 Industry Rose to Needs of War 'Great Britain Becomes Complete ly Independent of German Products. NOW MEETS ALL DEMANDS Before the War Germany Had Control of Much Raw Material That Was Vital Finds Way to Sup ply Potash. London. A remarkable story of liow British industries formerly de pendent for tlielr life blood on Ger many have- under, the stress of war demands arisen to a state of com plot e independence was told by Mr. Kello way, parliamentary secretary to the British ministry of munitions, at a re cent meeting of the industrial recon struction council. Britain is now lirst in the wyrid in almost every sphere of industrial effort, lie said. Beginning with raw materials, Mr. Kelloway showed that mica, absolute ly essential to the electrical industry, was so controlled by Germany, al though half, the world's supply came from India, that when the war began the world's market was on the point of being transferred from London to Hamburg. But Indian mica now can be exported only to London, and the British electrical industry has taken the place Germany once held and is now the first in the world. Before, the war the British empire produced 40 per cent of the wolfram ore from which tungsten (essential for high speed steel and in metallic fila ments) is made, but so successfully hfld Germany captured the trade that no British manufacturer was able to establish the industry in this country. To this position Germany owed her great superiority in munitions produc tion in the earlier stages of the war. All that has been changed. Britain is now able to produce all the high speed steel she needs and to export at a rea sonable price to her allies. Controlled Australian Zinc. . Australia litre practically unlimited supplies of zinc ore, but Germany ob tained control of them, and 77 per ent of British pre-wnr supplies ettme from Germany, Belgium and Holland, Ger , ninny being Britain's largest supplier. But now Australia's output lias been diverted, ' permanently, he imped, to Great Britain. Great Britain used to depend entire- - - ....... ,..r,!l ly on tiermany lor pouisn, ra.-cuuu. for fertilizers, dyes, drugs and glass production. The war revealed that 50,000 tons of potash wns going. to waste here every year In the dust or fumes from blast furnace gases. That is now being collected. Germany had relied on her practical monopoly in Europe of natural deposits of potash to enable her to bargain for the recov ery of Iter world markets. She will disappointed. British enterprise and 'judicious government assistance have taken that power from her. Machine tool production looked like an almost insoluble problem at the be ginning of the war, but so greatly has production increased that before long the power of the engine will be the same as its weight In pounds, I. e., one pound per horse-power. The British position in 1014 in re gard to the production of magnetos was very grave, but, thanks to a dis play of grit in the face of almost in superable difficulties, of resource and of patriotism as fine in its way as that shown by her fighting forces, the Brit ish magneto position has been estab lished and made unassailable. The war was nearly lost because the British were almost entirely dependent on Germany and Austria for scientific and optical glass, essential to success. It Is humiliating, Mr. Kelloway con tinued, but it is the fact that: at the outbreak of war a considerable part of our artillery wns equipped with gun eights exclusively manufactured in Germany. Two British firms started making sights, but the position was exceedingly serious when the ministry of munitions was formed. Recently these two firms were producing 250 a week. The sight is a beautiful and IIOHTPAQH rNTERPR.se. DEPENDENCE, OREGON. THE INDtrtni" , " .. . -..r- nmilAMC AIRPLANES SURRENDERED BY int FIND BIG HUN WAR STORES ,mmenw, Amount of Material Aban doned by Germans m Region of Coblenx. million rounds among delicate piece of work, and Its produc tion in such numbers and In a pertee tion which ftfcrmnny never exceeded Is a triumph for British skill. Before the war the British optica and scientific Instrument Industry had degenerated into a collection of mid dlemen who mainly sold instruments completely manufactured in foreign countries. All that has been swept hv tin. bitter necessities of war. ami 'Britain ls'now self-supporting. Her dependence on Germany and Austria for the glass for her miners pafotv lamps very nearly landed her in disaster. The position was so serious that the home oftice had to relax the conditions as to the Quality and dimen sions of lamps. Now Great Britain is producing sullieient supplies of the right quality. Before the war three out of ovoi four electric light bulbs in use in Great Britain caim4Pm Germany or Austria?- She is'-now manufacturing sulli eient to meet her essential needs. BRITA1NhIs 23300PLANES Started In the War With Only 210 Machines Pre-eminent at Its Close. London. Great Britain was pre eminent in the air at the close of the war, when the British air force was the largest in the world, according to a report made public recently. It fought on more fronts than the air service of any other nation, and us successes were proportionately greater. it is said. , ' In August, 1014, the British naval and military air services together tnus tered only 2S5 ollicers and 1,S53 men of other, ranks. In November. 101. there were 30,000 officers and UGUMHI men. At the outbreak of the wnr Great Britain had 1G6 airplanes, 4,"i seaplanes and 7 airships, while at the close of hostilities she had 21,000 airplanes. 1,300 seaplanes and 103 airships. Besides tills there were 25,1X10 air planes and seaplanes being built and 55,000 airplane engines under contract. The women's royal air force, which wns not in existence in 1014. numbered at the close of hostilities 23,5K). r.ilileti!:.-Thirty-live - . ......n niniiumltlon were III miiiiii ... -- , , . ... , Thco Hi., material W mmxu. i ii,.. I'.M'inii of t'obleuz : ; nil covered by the An., leans during an exploration of he tm .le.xroimd storehouses and lunm Jhero the German n.unllloas were k,,l'!'vo million rounds of ibis mnnm , hml hoc. captured Iron, tin French. The other o0.(MKUH rounds vero manufactured by the Henna ,n V,, ,o took captured British shells loaded them with German powder nd bets taken from the 1 reach. -()f ,,ose cartridges were boicd ' addressed, in readiness for shipment to various units In Turkey. Tliirtv-six thousand rilles captured from the British and found s.ored In fnbleiu have been turned over to their ,..-s. while 10,000 ireii. h returned i" -4- rilles have French. been BABES IN THE WOOD" St T- T ' - 1 X N V . I I The twin Misses I', and O. .Jcrrold, daughters of the author of "Babes in ii, , w.wi.l " were among the many noted English women who took olT their coals and pitched In. The photo shows the two girls resting on a tree ' they had just felled. Spartacus Hero of German Reds Leader of Revolt by Slaves Honored by Liebknecht Followers. Is DEFIED ROMANS FOR YEARS Slaves, Under Leadership of Man Chosen as Godfather of German Revolution, Captured Most of Southern Italy. New York. Perhaps it's just as well to call them Sparts. Just when we were learning to say bolshevikl, and were learning to give it about ns universal an application as we used to give to camouflage before that sorely tried word was officially entombed by the Society for the De cent Burial of Hackneyed Words, along came these Germans, witli their Sehrecklichkeit and head cheese, and sprung Spartacus on us. That was right in line with their other unfair tactics, gas, flame throw ers and gingerbread saloon-fronts. But now that we have Spartacus with us, what are we going to do about it? "The Spartacus group" was the name the fJernum ultra radicals adopt ed when they first bung out their shingle In the blood-letting business. But that sort of name never would do. So, we have the papers, in their ex tremity, alluding to them variously as Spartacides, Spartaeans, Spartacltcs and Spartacl. Objection is made to the first-mentioned designation be- ON ONE OF OUR DREADNAUGHTS . m j r-7TJv -rr""' rp i ' F M' ' 8 v v l tr44 Vv .... , 1. I, . HEALING THE HURTS OF MEN DISABLED IN THE SERVft More Than 200.COO Are Under Treatment Here and Overseas-Provision Made for Compensation and Insurance Govern ment to Retrain and Restore Them to Self-Supporting Activity. Washington, l'resident Wilson, in a teller to the federal board of vocation al education, has called attention to the fact that the government stands suuuroly back of Its disabled lighting men. IBs letter follows: ot- .-iw, .on, jjoard the American dreadnnught Pennsylvania. cause It Is very close to homoeide, suicide, regicide, fratraolde, insecti cide and such like occupations. There Is not lacking a considerable party which claims spal-tncism is all of that and more. But, the ending-"c!de," from the Latin cnedo, to kill, always kills whatever it Is added to. Kills what It goes after, as it were. A homoeide is a niankiller, a suicide is a self killer, and an insecticide is an Insect killer. So a Spartaeide would be a Spartacuskiller. And that isn't what we want to say at all. And Not Only That In the same way a Spartacusser might be accused of heaping profane invective upon a Spartacus and all his. works, and a Spartacan might be sus pected of being a mere subterfuge for tying a can on one end of Spartacus, and you can see very easily how a Spnrtaerat might be mixed up with an aristocrat. Maybe it's just as well to call them Sparts, or just, sparts, and thereby avoid complications. The sparts take their name from a certain Mr. Sparlaeus, whose initials have been lost somewhere in the shuf fle, lie started life as a modest shepherd in Thrace, perhaps some where in what was recently European Turkey, during the century just pre ceding the birth of Christ. Think of going back that far for .somebody to name your political parly after! 1'he young Mr. Spartacus, tiring of keeping the night watches over his sheep became a robber chief, the chroniclers say. They do not specify whether he stuck up batiks or picked pockels. Anyway, he was n robber. A Roman army, in the course of one of its boundary rectifying expedi tions, happened upon Spartacus and took him to Rome. The sport fans de cided to match him against a much- touted gladiator recently Imported from Asia, and for that purpose put him in a training camp for gladiators, lie escaped as soon as lie had learned the fundamentals of gladlatlng, and issued a declaration xif independence, asserting that all slaves were thence forth free. Whereupon every gentle man's slave began to put on airs, re fused to pull the corks or polish the car any more, and, in short, started a revolt. Held Out for Three Years. Under leadership of Spartacus, the slaves captured "most of southern Italy, and held out for nearly three years against the best forces the Itotnan government could send against them. But nt last they were beaten by an army under Lucullus, Just ns they were about to seize oil the shipping board's ships and dnsh back to Thrace. Spartacus died with his men, leading a charge. Such was the gentleman whom the German radicals have chosen ns god father of the revolution. Liebknechterines, Liebneckkers, Lieh necktlghts, Liebnecktars, Llebnecrats or something like that would have sounded so much better I Thin nation has no more "leinn !;.... rl..n Dion tun llnir tliu burin of wounded and rustorlni? our dlsul'lid men to civil-.. life und opportunity, law guvermnimt iccoKnUen H'lK and Hit) fulfillment of ubllKMlun Is KU'K forward fully und K'nrouly. H medical divisions of tlu wtir ami nuvy departments uru renderlritt ull itld Uut Bkill and mioniB muk.i posnible; th federal board for voeatlonal education Is commanded by law to d.ev lop and Bdapt the remaining capabilities of man bo that he may aKuIn lake bin place in tho ranks of our (treat civilian army. The co-operation and interest ot our citi zens Is enetttlul to this program of duty, justice and humanity. It la not a char ity It is merely the payment of a draft of honor which tho United Ktutes of America accepted when It selected thcH men and took them In tlielr health and strength to flht the battles of the na tion They have fouuht tho Rood fluid: they have kept tho faith, and they have won Now we keep faith with them, and every citizen Is Indorser oh the Keneral obligation. Under nuthority and direction of the congress, complete arrangements for rehabilitation of our disabled men have been made by the federal board for vo cational education. According to estimates made since the announcement of tile total Ameri can overseas casualties, tln-jo nre more than 200,(XX disabled men under treat ment In the hospitals In this country and overseas. Of this .number more than otie-fourth have been disalded by disease. Contrary to tho general idea of the eusualty list, only a very small percentage of the total have suffered disabilities which resulted in the am putation of limbs. To Help Every Man. It is not merely' the men who have lost arms or legs that the government Is offering to retain and restore to self supporting activity, hut the federal board offers its aid to every man, re gardless of his disability, who is en titled to government compensation. The board realizes that the many thou sands of men who are suffering front the effects of shell shock, gassing, shrapnel and gunshot wounds which weaken their systems, tuberculosis, bronchitis, heart and nervous diseases, all may be unable to re-enter their for mer occupations. To all these men, ns to those with more evident handicaps, the federal board is extending oppor tunity. Within the next few months several thousand disabled jnen will be train ing under Jurisdiction of the federal board and at tho expense of the gov ernment. Those who had been actual ly placed in training were taking courses in a wide range of trades and professions, Including 27 different oc cupations. Industrial schools, colleges, oflices and shops throughout the coun try are being utilized so that most of the men are being trained close to their own homes. Thirty-one peY cent 1 of the total now in training are taking commercial courses, 17 per cent aro learning the various phases of agricul ture, farm management, poultry rais ing, dairying, etc. Others are studying law, medicine, banking, and some are being trained in engineering, teleg raphy, tailoring, window trimming and designing, accounting, store manage ment, machincshop practice, meat in spection and trafllc management. Every soldier or sailor enlisted, In ducted, or drafted Into tho unitary or naval service of the United si n t who is suffering from disability not l ie t his own willful inlscnnd.ici may be cii titled to compensation un l. r the v;n insurance act. II is bis duly to pre sent his claim for such eompensnfieu in order that it may be piiss. d up-m by the bureau of w;-r risk in ur: nc'. He can procure full InfonieiH.m i.c ' applying to the war risk insurance of ficer at the camp or .-.mL itniciii, from whom he may get bureau of wnr rink liiMiranee form &'1, which lie must till out In order to prove his eligibility for such compensation. Government Pay Cot. ' If it la not possible to get In cuiittict with thin war risk Insurance ollU t-r, the soldier or sailor hhould cull upon or write the bureau of war risk Insur ance nt Washington. Mating hi case; or lie should call on or write Ihe lls trlct olHcc or the federal board for vocational education In which he la lo cated. If the soldier or sailor Is suffering finiii n ill vuililtit v. lie Is also eligible for help by the federal board for voca tional education In securing employ ment, which help will be given blui In co-operation , with the employment sendee of the department of labor. If lit; Is eligible for compensation under the war risk Insurance act, he Is ulso entitled to training and placement by the federal board for vocational rlu- catlon, provided he Iv not able to fol low his old occupation successfully without training or needs to be trained for some new and suitable occupation for which training is feasible. Tho federal hoard for vocational education will bear Ihe entire cost of the man's training. It will pay for his tuition; It will furnish him with books and oilier necessary supplies, and it will pay all other expenses (hat luay arise In connection with his training. During t tie time lie Is following a course of Instruction with the federal board he will, If n blngle mini without dependents or n man required by lils course of Instruction to live apart from his dependents, he paid by the government nt least $(!.") per month. lie may be pntd more. If, for example, he received more than $05 per month as pay for his last month of active serv ice, he will receive this same pay dur ing bis entire course of training, l'"ur tlu rmore, if Ids disability Is such that his monthly compensation tinder the war risk insurance act Is greater than he will, of course, continue to re- ft-IVH t lilt sum, whatever It during his cnllro course. A man led man and hi I0t elvo $75 per month from iIk,- inent, provided (bey llv !, wlille he Is taking H fiairni' of ; (Ion. If his course Is ma il tlmili live apart from Jits wife, ihe; nieiit-will pay hint per w his wife $;w per month, tin bis family the larger the wiws by Ihe government for IU r! The same allow ance mid si ; will bo paid to depeiab His n to them while the man wmltr tlvoervtfe." If he .Is marrlnl. I. will receive $.'it 0 month. Ill wife and child they will w month, and $lt) will be puld ! additional child up " has n mother dependent ui't! will receive I ho same innu!! tclved while he was In the Kr In the case of a ' mt'H cer undergoing training the pn!dy the government wli! equal the pay for the last n)i llvo nervlce. mi amount alwsp cess of the minimum gimrutit per month. He will be i maintain hi dependent amount paid lilm while u (raining. Wlu'ti the disabled soldU-rt pleted his course of trnlnuif- receive the compensation I"" by. tho war risk Insurance (it as bin disability continues. That there Is danger of r compensntlon with InsurauitT N tdiown In the cases of r chnrged men to whom cm bad been granted for Injuria:' In line of duty and who ln tinued payments of their It premiums, In some ltis-tunf- linvo illui'ontlnueil such prfl! loents owing to n mistaken Wf the sums they are reci Wins lef ADMIRAL JOSEPH STRAUSS- r N1N from tho government were payments. Only in those cases where ability from Which the man i Ing 18 total and permanent discontinuance of Insurance P by Ihe disabled man who !' compensation Involve no ' causo no harm. This Is cases of total and permanent 4 there Is n right to recover Insurance payments as wcll (atlon. which made further n payments unnecessary n " disability was In fad totmt ncnt. - Should Verify ry'n Anv n.nn who is l'eclvl"n believes to be insurance l' shoutd carefully verify 1 paymenls he Is so receiving J" insurance, payments raua i nensatlon pnynients, and 8 ll,nr InmirailCO til he has definitely MV ItrllL'! Ihe payments he is ic. eminent insurance pnyn'! u,n r..,,,,.i,,c,i timi on vnient& The Red Cross Is under ; Unit every discharged soi' . coming to its a t ten I Ion 18 1 Vmnn.t CO IllM VlirlltS tOl l.'l IIII.U IIO fcV ...... - -n . ; linn nml Insurance, and s i nnce in making appll''81 vviinn Hn nrrnnireinentS ' have been made, the Red C pared to see Unit the fan supplementary assistance which may be nee t Ihe provision made by tb Since, under the law, the 11 cat tonal training is , with tho man, find his o , hmhltion must first be ""'., der to Insure success, the .... i, n vltnl" Whether a man Ail;.i:i--l Si. a is.s was In couiinand of i lie Aim-r. i an in. tie operations In the Noiih sen. The work of this mlne-luy ing sipiiidroh forms one of the during liuvul exploltsof the war. .. nt. V i " not. tlon for disability or inAlirnci frt-ollieiltloll or lvv.v,-3 . . . a t lw.ln ll till Bel It lie is entitled to fomP J goes into training, when ' ; finlulioil the board Wl" ., llnd him a place in his ej. All disabled soldiers out of the hospitals, " J their communications to . bonrd for vocational edn lngton, or to tho federal board of the disu t he Is located. 1 Y 0