Image provided by: Independence Public Library; Independence, OR
About Independence enterprise. (Independence, Or.) 1908-1969 | View Entire Issue (March 29, 1918)
lib. I 1 -,jT P INDEPENDENCE PAGE TWO l5 'RESULTS OF GERMAN AIR RAIDS OVER PARIS discretion of the court-martial upon anyone who "attempts to create, bo pins, onuses, excites, or Joins ln" mu tiny or sedition, hut the liability to the extreme punishment does not stop there. Anyone who, Ih'Iiir present at a mutiny or seditious outbreak, does not "do his utmost to suppress it," may be punished by the execution of the denlh sentence, as If ho hud been an organizer of the sedition himself. Also, anyone who has reason to be lieve that a mutiny is about to occur or that sedition Is being stirred up must report the mutter In full to his superior otlloer on pain of Incurring the same punishment us an actual mu tineer. "Making known the countersign" and "forcing safeguard" are purely military offenses for which the death penulty may be Imposed. "Hellevlns the enemy" may cover a number of military crimes ncnlnst one's country, 1Il m& Br - , XT f Tl lai et .hi '3b' Vlt Hi nc io vs e r ia 01 . .n - . ; tl i f ' . ,0' i tc in; 'i'7i! i nj'. i in i ' I e n d i ! . l a . 'i "; 'j in- e -.'a; .' 1! . U ;.; f r' . t f i : 1 y i yJ l(T.V" SEMI Back , ml ir h - Ji ft p ..v.' . , ...... ,:vviiWiaviiili-iyl-'A1-"A"v The upper photograph shows a view of several of the houses which were wrecked by the bombs dropped by the Germans. These places of "military importance" to the Germans were the homes of the people who live ln the poorer section of Paris. The lower photograph shows the results of bombs dropped on the dormitory of a children's hospital, which fortunately had been vacated in time by the 200 children, and none were injured there. The build ing is a mass of wreckage. If the children had not been removed doubtless every one of thein would have been killed. DEATH IN UNITED STATES ARMY Sentence of Sleepy Sentries With the Army in France Calls Attention to Offenses Which May Be Punished by Hanging or Shoot ingDeath Sentence Is Mandatory Only in Case of Spy Many Touching Stories. and "harborluK the enemy" or "dlrect i ly or indirectly" glvlnjr him any sort ; of intelligence is punishable by death ! at the discretion of the court-martial. Many Touching Stories. The tragedy of sleeping on post has furnished some of the most famous ' and touching stories in the history of ! our own and other lands. lOveryone has heard the story of Llncolu's for giveness of the country boy who, tired by a long campaign, slept at his sen j try post. An English soldier, writing of his experiences In this war, tells ! how he found a young sentry asleep in i an important point of watch, and of the agony of mind that prececieu nis decision that he must report the youth whose neglect of duty might have had terrible consequences for hla com rades and the army's position. Apropos of the war department's order that death sentences pussed up on soldiers ln this country be referred to it for review, It is recalled that Lincoln ln 1SC1 ruled that no army death sentence should be executed un til he had personally examined all the clrcumstnnces and facts in the case. Washington. Four American sol diers, sentenced to death for sleeping ' on sentry duty in the front-Une trench es to France, may be saved from the law's extreme penalty by General Per shing's action ln sending the records of their cases to Washington for re view. General Pershing has authority to carry out the sentence of the court martini, but it is only on foreign soli that such power lies ln the command ing general's hands, for by an order of December 29 the war department, at the suggestion of the president, ruled that no death sentence in the army forces in this country could be exe cuted before review of the case by the department. So far as is known here, the only execution of an American sol dier in France up to the present time has been that of Private F. Cadue, hanged In November for assault and murder of a French girl. Punishable by Death. Under the laws of the American mil itary organization, 11 offenses are pun ishable by death, although thene nre variously subdivided. Spies must suf fer the death penalty, and theirs is the only offense for which the death sen tence Is mandatory. For murder and rape, punishment must, according to the ruling, be either death or life im prisonment; if the death sentence is imposed it Is by hanging. Spies are usually hanged, also, because, to quote FOOD FOR FRANCE FUND i 1 Wfil'ln Newppr Union The collection of non-perishable foodstuffs in jar and canned form un dertaken by the food for France fund to be used for the wounded soldiers iin the French hospitals is going on iwlth unabated success in New York. iThfi nhoto shows a fund worker sort-. the manual of regulations, "death by hanging Is considered more Ignomin ious than death by shooting." Hang ing, the rule continues, "is the usual method of execution designated in the case of spies, of persons guilty of mur der In connection with mutiny, or sometimes for desertion ln the face of the enemy ; but In the case of a purely military offense, such as sleeping on post, such sentence, when Imposed, Is usually 'to be shot to death with mus ketry.' For the sake of exumple, and to deter others from committing like offenses, the death sentence may, when deemed advisable, he executed 'in the presence of the troops of the command.' " At Discretion of Court-Martial. The other eight offenses, or groups of offenses, listed as punishable by death leave the penalty to the discre tion of the court-martial. "Death or such other punishment as the court martial may direct" is the usual word ing of the army regulation. The of fenses are cowardice, ln any one of a variety of ways ; sleep or drunkenness on sentry post ; desertion or the Incite ment to or assistance in desertion ; at tack upon a superior officer or insub ordination; mutiny or sedition; mak ing known the countersign ; forcing safeguard ; relieving the enemy with ammunition "or any other thing," or harboring or giving intelligence to the enemy. In the offense of "neglect of sentry duty," which is a betrayal of respon sibility whose seriousness has made It an almost unforgivable crime against military law, the letter of the regu lation recognizes no difference between being asleep and being lutoxicuted. The ruling reads : "Any sentinel who is found drunk or sleeping upon his post, or who leaves It before he is reg ularly relieved, ehall, if the offense be committed in time of war, suffer death or such other punishment as a court martial may decree." It Is further provided that "the fact that the ac cused had been previously overtaxed by excessive guard duty is not a de fense, although evidence to that effect may be received as extenuation of the offense." The point Is distinctly made that the sentry who neglects his duty has Jeopardized no one knows how many thousands of his fellows, and it may be a crucial position to his country's cause. Whether he was in toxicated or merely asleep Is, ln the letter of the law, a minor matter. Insubordination. The rule regarding insubordination Is very strict. It reads : "Any person subject to military law who, on any pretense whatever, strikes his superior officer or draws or lifts up any weapon against him, being ln the execution of his office, or wilfully dis obeys any lawful command of his su perior officers, shall suffer death or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct." '' It is explained, however, that this does not apply to the striking of an officer "In legitimate self-defense," and, of course, an officer who strikes a man under him is liable to severe pun ishment. Rules regarding punishment for mu- tjuv.or. sorH;iaji.nre inciuveJ!h CUT DOWN ON STAR BOARDErt Boston Committee Plans for Special Boarder's Pledge Card In That City. Boston. A special boarder's pledge card may soon be in circulation ln thi city as a means of food conservation ln boarding houses. This Is not a new boarding house joke, but a plan of the woman's committee of the Council of National Defense. Of course the boarding house patron will protest against conservation of food he al ways has but without results. Here is the card the woman's committee would have boarders sign : "I, at present a boarder in this city, hereby accept membership ln the United States food administration, pledging myself, as a patriotic duty, to co-operate with the proprietor ln the conservation of meat, wheat. sugar and fats, according to the di rections and advice of the food administrator." THINKS IT'S A CATALOGUE Greek Returns Questionnaire Saying There Was Nothing on List He Cared to Buy. Tulsa, OKia, AiistaKing nis ques tionnaire for a catalogue, Ysidore Or tado, a Greek, living at Escale, re turned It to his exemption board with a note, written In Greek, saying there was nothing In the list he wished to purchase. Another questionnaire, returned by a Mexican, was accompanied by a note which stated that the man could not read United States, but knew it was to help the war, so Inclosed a $5 bill. TO SPEED THE KNITTING 1 1 fi.ilf mm ess Wtltprn Ntwiimper Union Uy E. K. O'Neill and W. S. Klrkyatrlrk. the issue of ! ions, ships and every device of nxMcrn war for the American. War expemli- lo of The comfort committee of the Navy league of the United States has In stalled In its headquarters several knitting machines for making sweat ers, mufflers, socks and other wearing apparel for "our boys" "over here" and "over there." The immediate need of these necessities and in an ticipation of the enormous amount of Of supreme moment is the war. The price of wheat and the turn of politics are serious matters but the Third Liberty Loan means more than all. It means Backing up the boys who have been sent to the overseas battlefields. Prompt and abundant loans of spare cash to the war treasury, in local trade terms, is the translation of money into airplanes, guns, ammunition, provis- llUMini'HM tures reach every in the Northwest. Prepare for the Third Imn which open Sa'.urday, April C, with Victory celebrations everywhere. The governor and mayor will pro- open air gatherings, nmhe, pr.i illumination, the King-it-Asii: trty Hell on the door ofevjk hold, and by every means, the er. of our community are urged to k, all other activities ind join t epirit and the work of thediy, Hctfin buying a bond the firtta Thin in the first of erie o! claim the significance and urgency of j toons and iilogans by well know : participation in the raising of our local share of his defenac fund. Rallied, tratora and writers which will bt lished in this paper, COUNTER I" ATTACK IMPENDS Reserves, Long Ready, Expected lery, machine guns and rides. The j slaughter of the enemy infantry as it ; advanced in close formation over the j open has been appalling. I The Hritish losses have been within j the bounds expected, due to the tactics I of the; commanders. The allies have ! lost a considerable number of men in i prisoners and a certain number of guna. Hut very few pieces of artillery ' liHVe been taken by t he Cierinana incl ine first day. In fact, the whole with- to Turn Tide for Allies. ,,irawul haH bclun u; "" , I ly manner, showing' how thoroughly1 ! the Hritish had planned for the very ! events which' have occurred. j llllftl inno run nmini to ' !t iH Perr"iued to say now what j HUN LOSS ENORMOUS :8orne ,,iivb kn(w" f,r i"g in.e, j namely, that the Hritish never inteiui- i ed to try to hold the forward positions i in this region if the Germans attacked German Advance Checked Situation in the force expected. ; There is every reason to believe that harder fighting than has yet taken place will develop shortly. The Ger mans, in the Hritish view, cannot now hesitate in carrying on their attack, and it is a case of break through or ad mit defeat. PARIS SHELLED61 L OMAIi Optimistically Viewed Events Show Withdrawal Planned. With the British Army in France The British and French who co-operate at the junction of the two armies, are viewing the trend of the German offensive with optimistic eyes. Hard fighting was in progress, but the latest reports showed little or no change in the situation in favor of the enemy since Sunday, while on the other hand the defenders had pushed the attacking forces back after a bitter struggle and were holding strongly along the whole new front to which they had with drawn. Fighting of a most desperate nature has been continuous since the initial attack, but so far the British have used few troops other than those which were holding the front lines. These shock troops have been making as gal lant a defense as was ever recorded in the annals of the British army, and as a result iney nave enaoied the main body of the forces to fall back deliber ately and without confusion and occupy positions which had been prepared long before the German offensive began. 1 he Germans, on the other hand. operating under the eyes of the emper or and the crown prince, have been hurling vast hordes into the frav with utter disregard for lives and have fol lowed into the abandoned positions getting farther and farther away from their supplies and finding their com munications increasingly difficult. More than 50 German divisions al ready have been identified bv actual contact, and many of these men were simply given two days' rations and sent over the top into the frightful maelstrom made by the allied artil- HUNS DRIVEN BACK Fresh Attacks Fail and Foe is Forced to UccroHH Sommc American Engineer Aid in Battle. in United States Holds Key. London The Daily News says of the new military situation: Although the allied strena-th will these articles which will be needed by i; . a 'y m tne full i , . ... . ... force of America s contribut on tn the war is felt, the opening of the greatest battle the world has known is received with something like relief. the boys In the next cull is responsible for the action taken by the Navy league. They have found that a pair of socks can be turned out on a ma chine In 35 minutes. An appeal has been sent out to our patriotic knit ters to operate machines Instead of The salient fact in the offensive is that its authors can not afford to fail. They cannot afford to face a country left, knltHrW hv hnnrt nnrt f.ot A oi " Ol DBllie, to Hritish Army Headquarters in France A further advance late. Sun day by the Germans at some points along the battlefront is reported. American engineers have again been in tho throes of fierce conflict in which iey nave done excellent work transportation. London Fresh attacks by the Ger mans have developed northward and southward of Bapaume, the war office announces. The British repulsed powerful at tacks Sunday afternoon northward of Bapaume. The British drove back to the east ward bank of the Sornme bodies of German troops which had crossed the river between Licourt and Brie, south of Peronne. The statement follows: ''The battle continues with great violence on the whole front. Powerful attempts delivered by the enemy Sun day afternoon and evening north of Bapaume were heavily reputed. Only atonepoint(id the German . reach our tenches, whence they were immediate y thrown out. Elsewhe re the enemy's attacks were stopped by Chicago Purs l hrCaK?..?. of Chicago fn "'"iI""lir?r "lea so in- SatayHotold oV' COUnc -unicatfon t oufsuS'the parol April 1 Tnu,"! a aX fM'iu i, until the 1111 limi.m i Passed. The aldermen received the news n .tunned surprise. Members of the finance committee to wh h tl communication was fin.,n . the were even more TuTpr ef M give the city an awful Wa'ok evl dared Alderman Richer? "if t.L' , irftR n,,t - ";ccrt, if the word Berlin, via London-Paris lw bombarded by German lonH Inin aei-nrdimr to the GermMl' communication inmii'd Sunday rvir Paris The German "monster non," which haa been bo l'n Tin Iiiih been located in the of St. Gobain, west of Laon andeu ly 122 kilometers (approximw? mil..nl from the Paris city hall. bombarded Paris im irn.Hter rmrt of Sunday. The dij i ushered in by loud explosions fot 10-inch Hhells. and immedmK'! lrm to tiikn cover WM front of our positions and his 6 were driven back w ith great loM' "Hnrinir the niirht and wr fresh hostile attacks havesgB veloped in this neighborhood a i,u u,,,,Vi nf Itniiinimo bodies of Gen (..... .uM,.,i the river W' Licourt and Brie were driven U" the east bank by our counter att Persistent attacks with strong of infantry have not enabled through the -I A I -....I iour unyti, mu i -. , j. Northern France has not yet decision for the attackers. xi ... .... urnlind tv ngniing is in progi-no - , t. r or.,1 where tne ish and French fronts join. U. S. ARTILLERY HURTS Destroy Communication Line A' j nil eU. nilion Liumps u With the American Army in s- . i m i m A i,ava W&S un tne ioui ironi , Murine $w eranie artillery active - - nio-hr American ituiib i' the German front line posing ... , j ..n,nr ma emy batteries repneu, "" m shells. Later photograph irom airplanes or ino uo-o- by the Americans. a" ....j un uio iuui ok-- t line shell effectively enemy ""i o r, ' a v,a hi llets and" 1 north of Boqueteau. Mwy a .- v.iia uvfl fallen w German trenches and the first in at least one place ly abandoned. . sibilant. Resistance w j x.onuon-inu uC-. tung's war correspondent , ing Sunday from neighbor the Oise, is quoted by J j news corresporiuem. saying: "All our move taken nlace with mil tnde, according to the P f master who organized the at Encrlish are defending j f bravely, but the British comin not equal to the attain. thoutrh doubtless foresee enients BCUl0US' -day frit Stoi ithese I iximati The lo Iris, ao Jtof Ai icn buil n Hue Tiea fn : expk l-tt ar Ithegv Inforn 'sday Siche, V .tie n ionday. ink ol 1 Mo Most fie hou result till. I id the i head iiornini 'rains Irday r A di fays: jtruck lymoi ueedx juarte rews Iponde he en were f Fiv ima, iWesti JGermi Kmteei into ,iu sal om En headc an c conft on Fi the cross empi to th a Bip the 1 It sour Stei for the T mai But Wo oth stt Wa loc els Si t e i o