Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Polk County observer. (Monmouth, Polk County, Or.) 1888-1927 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 29, 1908)
Farm and Garden JAPANESE INTENSIVE FARMING Th Way ths Little Brown Folks Til Thir Small Estates. With very few exceptions the whole of the land under grain of any kind la absolutely flat If it la not so by na ture the Japanese farmer levels and banks It up till it Is horizontal. In the narrow valleys there are elaborate series of terraces running up the slope of the bills till the fields become so small as to accommodate but a double row of plants. The more typical grain Xiow's ne'k Is so "formed that eat ing takes place with the greatest ease when the mouth is lowered to the level of the ground. If a cow eats without straining during swallowing she will eat and digest better, and her healtn and milk supply will profit according- ingly. Therefore the feed for a cow should be placed at her feet and not a yard or two up in the air. The bay- racks placed above the cow s snouiaers are entirely wrong. A cow to be healthy requires all the fresh air It Is possible to supply. Box mangers, partitions or other boarded barriers act as obstructions to the easy flow of air itbin the barn, and hence seriously check ventilation. The farmer should not neglect to adopt the proper feeding trough by waiting until he builds a new barn. the tests Feportbd by l'rofessor Soule to the bureau of animal Industry as conducted at the Tennessee govern ment experiment station with nine groups of feeders, covering periods of 120 days' feeding for market, cattle fed on stover as the rough portion of the ration made a good gain of 1.27 pounds per day, but those receiving a succulent ration did much better, mak ing an average gain of 1.75 pounds per day. The farmer who feeds for the market cannot afford. It Is stated, to be without a silo. Silage makes a most excellent feed for beef produc tion and one that In the long run will make an exceedingly cheap pound of gain by reason of the small amount of concentrated feed stuffs, grain, cotton seed meal, etc.. required to tie fed with I It. The prejudice against silage for beef j The old partitions and boxes should cattle has undoubtedly come largely j ), removed and new feed troughs and from the demands of the buf-hers. who ; st:iin liio!is constructed. The feed have maintained that beef cattle so fed j rougli slmuld be immediately In front were Inferior meat producers. The im- j f t!e stanchion and upon a level with portant result, therefore, of the s!augh- J tile ijunr. If built of boards, it should ter test of these cattle Is found in the j ,e V sh:'pe. fact that the silage fed cattle showed j tr.ni?':) built of cement Is the ideal, the highest per ceut of good meat, thus when su lj materia! is used, the trough overthrowing the Impression that such i should be concave, without corners. A attle will not "kill well." The slaugb- i square trough of l-iauis or cement ter test of fifteen dry fed cattle showed ! should not tie built. The corners collect total of 8.1 pounds of ! meat. ' iirr. and into them the cow acclden- while that of fifteen succulent fed cat- tally pushes her food, being unable to tie was UtiSi pounds, a gain in favor of ' jrir t from the angles. the silage fed cattle of 577 pounds of ; The feed trough should lie built with salable meat. When the cattle in one : s;o;e. that water mav flow Its whole f the experiments were offered for i length. It should have no partitions or I divisions. Such a trough can be used j for watering the cow s, the water from i a In. U lug allowed to enter at the ; upper end. flowing down past each ! which drinks at will. Dr. H. B. j V1 in Jersey Bulletin. A MOSAIC Df GOLD AJSD OkEEX. country, however, lies la broader val- j leys or along the coast where there are 1 many wide plains which were once I neatn the water. If one looks down j OB tbeae from a slight eievatio-D 'hey j appear like orre elaborately design raatbeoitical tgjut or as though a i ckta bad been spread over the earth wit oasaic patterns In gold and green Each littie &eld is as nearly rectangu lar at circa rtsuaee will allow. Many of them, therefore, are perfect rectan- j fiea, tor wnere tne plain is uroaa it is easy to fit Into It small fields of twen ty or thirty feet In length. Many of the plats are even less than this. Some barley fields are only six feet by a dozen or so. The pattern of this mosaic Is vividly marked out by the coloring of the vari out crops. Today the barley Is ripe and stands golden In the sunshine. The ricefields, however, are but bare ex pauses of mud or water, for the rice Is not yet plauted out, but is growing In small, oblong fields by Itself, which bow a vivid emerald green growtli of little plants only three or four Inches high. At the end of May some of the farmers are beginning to reap their ripe barley and wheat, and when this Is finished they will be free to plant out what Is to them the much more Important crop, the rice. Heaping and planting of grain together one may see In the same acre. There Is no broadcast sowing of grain here. Each seed grain has an Individuality and Is separately tended. The barley Is planted in rows, perhaps three feet or six feet long, and each row la a foot or eighteen inches from the next o that a worker can pass between the rows to tend and weed and finally to reap each Individual piaui. in many cases eacD row grows on little semicircular ridge four or five feet horizontally and about a foot high, so that the barley Is well drain ed, though the next little field may He under several Inches of water, la the whole district of Okuna there was enly one of the ripe fields 'laid" by the wind, and that was one of the lar ger nearly thirty feet across. It Is not to be Inferred from this that the Japa nese fanners do not have to contend with heavy winds and pitiless, lieatiug rains. Japan Is a particulars windy eoaatry, and this year hs been a very bad season, for even In April there was beary snow snow ho thick that It entirely disorganized the telegraphic and railway communication for a few days. The wheat and barley are all own In the autumn, so that they gi-t the benefit of the winter sunshine, which Is clear and brilliant and very bot. This, of course, la the chief cause I! I groomed hides or BEEP. Showing Influence of dry and succulent rations on the character of carcass. J sale the butcher proposed to discrimi nate against those fed silage, maintain ing that they would not dress as well as the others. He was assured that If the silage fed cattle did not dress out as well us the others he would not be expected to pay as high a price for them. "The slaughter tests spoke fof themselves," said l'rofessor Soule, "and sounded the deuthknell of a prejudiced and absurd belief." Nor does the Item of feeding cost show up to the disadvantage of Eilage, but the contrary. A pound of grain In the stover fed cnttle cost an average of 5.8 cents, while In silage fed cattle a pound of gnlu under the same condi tions cost an overage of 5.0(. or a dif ference of $1.70 per hundredweight. Silage, It may be generally remarked, writes (J. E. Mitchell In American Cul tivator, has a very w holesome effect on the handling qualities of cattle, making the hide soft, elastic and flexible and the hair glossy and oily to the touch ns compared with a coat that is Inclined I to lie rough, dry and shaggy with the stover fed cattle. The Work Horse. I Work horses should be ' tw ice a day The harness should lie removed as soon as the work is done. Never give food immediately after hard work. The stomach at that time is In no condition to receive food. The work horse should have a va riety of food. Upon the clean condition of the skin the health of the horse largely de pends. Horses are frequently troubled with brittle hoof, due to a deficiency of wa ter In the bone, the result of fever. Keep a lump of salt In the manger. Never trot a horse downhill. Never put a dirty, rough bit in a horse's mouth. Don't leave a shoe on a horse more than four weeks. Do not allow the stable to be too light during the summer time. Balking is caused by overloading, i tight harness or abuse. Keep the mangers sweet find clean. The best time to clean the mud off the horse's legs Is before it gets dry. The farm horse sttonlil be a walker, the road horse a trotter. For a horse to masticate four pounds of hay w ill requirr- over an hour, half an ho ir for four pounds of whole oats and tifteeti minutes for four pounds of "j ground feed. The following Is recommended as an Invaluable hoof remedy: Unseed oil, half pint; turpentine, four ounces; oil of tar, six ounces; organum, three ounces, fchnke well. - which Is the "best and cheapest pig feed. The sows may be bred to fall farrow in August or September and' the litter get a good start before win ter sets in. To carry very small pigs over winter is seldom profitable. Where several hundred pigs are to be handled the farrowing should be deferred till the latter part of April or first of May unless the most perfect housing and artificial warmth are provided. Even then, on account of lack of exercise for the little pigs, the fatality Is consider able. I breed at one time as near as i can and even up the small litters with the surplus of the large ones. The parent stock should be In fair flesh and good health at time of mat ing to Insure strong, healthy litters. The dam should have exercise during the period of gestation this Is very important and she should be In good flesh at farrowing, as she. will endure the drain on her system better during the suckling period and carry the litter to weaning in better shape. Her win ter feed had best be of a tissue form ing, laxative nature. Mill feeds, roots, field peas, sov beans, clover leaves, with an occasional dash of corn, are excellent Bear In mind that the sow must be well fed during the period of gestation to secure best results. The sow should be placed In her far rowing quarters a few days previous to this event, so she will become ac quainted with her surroundings. She should be fed sparingly on scalded bran slops at this time to cool out and regulate the system and after farrow ing should be given only tepid water or a very thin gruel for the first twen ty-four hours. Overfeeding at this crit ical period is fatal to the litter by se riously deranging the system of the INDEPENDENCE Z. MONMOUTH Railway. FROM INDEPENDENCE. FOB DALLAS. Train No. M. Leave Independence ; daily. :00 m lv. Monmouth. 6:15 a. ia.; ar. Dallaa, 6:40 a. m. Train No. 6. Leave Independence, daily. 10 o0a. m.; Iv. Monmouth, W:05 a. m.; ar. Dal laa, 11:30 a. m. Train No. 70. Leave Independence, da ly, 6:15 p. m.; lv. Monmouth, 6:30 p. m.;ar. Dallaa, 6:55 p. m, FOR AIBLIK. Train No. 67. Leave Independence, daily, 7:30a. m.; lv. Monmouth, 7:40 a. m.; ar. Airlie, 8:1c a. in. Train No. 73. Leave Independence, daily, 3:30 p. m.; lv. Monmouth, 3:50 p. m.; ar. aiiiw,.i p. m. FOB HONMOUTH ONLY. Leave Independence, daily, 2:30 p. m No. 101 arrives Monmouth 7:20 a. m. FROM DALLAS. FOB INDEPBNI'BNCK. Train No. M. Leave Pallas, daily ex. Sunday 8:30 a. m.: lv. Monmouth, 8:55 pendente, 9:15 a. m. Train No. 101. Lv. Dallaa. Sunday only, 6:55 a. m.: ar. Independence, cjoa. m. Train No. 69. Leave Dallas, daily. 1 p. m.: lv Monmouth, 1:25 p. m.: ar. Independence, 1:40 p. m. (i nia train connecia ai Moumuuui wi mi- Train No. 71. Leave Dallaa. daily. 7:35 p. m lv. Monmouth, 8 p. m.; ar. Independence, 8:15 p. m. FROM AIRLIE. Train Xo. 66. Leave Airlie. daily, 9 a. m.: lv, Monmouth, 0:35 a. m. ; ar. iudependeiice, 9:50 a. m. (ini train counecti ai JdonmouiD lor uanus.) Train Vrt. W. lflv AiHif rifiilv. A:(V D. lv. Monmouth, 5:40 p.m.; ar. Independence, 5:o5 p m . Train Xo. 100 leavei Airlie 4:45 p.m. Sunday only arrives Monmouth o: J0 p. m. arrives Inde pendence a:3U p. in. FROM MONMOUTH ONLY. Leaves Monmouth for Independence, daily at 2:00 p. m. WWW till JArAXBKB CI TT1KO TBI UUA1 of the early rlcu!iig of the grain, for from the time It la aown till the time It la reaped It oever baa a apell of dull weather that last mora than a few days. Japaoeae tuen and women rut their rowa of train by holding each plant's atalka tnfrtber In one band and rut ting thtnu off with a aharp. tent knife at th end of a atralxht band! a foot or nor In length. Th handful la laid tidily oa b ride wber It haa grown, and Ita neighbor la placed beakla It till the amall Held la covered by th trawa. To tbraah. th braJa ar cut off tb atalka and then pouif ed with heavy wooden nillrl Iniiat en Stabla Cleanliness. In the pro-luctlon of coiiitiicri'kil milk the dulryiiiiiu must not only keep him self and his cows clean, hut lie must not draw the milk from the cow In u stuhle til Nil with dust. He never rsbotild feed liny before milking. lie should not feed grain nor disturb the bedding before milking. I may get Into mi argument In re gard to this stutement, for there nre thewe who claim that the stable th uild be cleaned before the nillkluj; Is done. I lunintaln not, fur you know the more you dhttiirb some things the worse they smell. The dairyman must not feed silage before he milks, for If con tamination of the air of the stable oc curs with the add odor of r-lhige the tutlk will certainly lie tainted. It may nut lie detected at once, but the city neighbor w ho attempts to use this milk when forty-eight hours old will cer tainly detect an unpleasant flavor. John I . M'-hotlH. Castrating Pigs. The work should always be done In j the morning, as they will move about during the day anil thus escape much of the soreness that would follow evening work. When done In the evening and they go nt once to their beds and remain till morning, they come out very stih". Tigs that nre ruptured kIiouIiI be castrated as soon as they are largo enough; the older they get the greater the risk of total loss. The work should be done. If pos sible, before the heat of the season or day becomes excessive. When very warm It Is easy to overheat a pig In high flesh and kill liiin. Whcu it la warm a cool pen about the building should be selected, and It will be au aid to (timpen the floor well. The work is ulwnys more pleasant as re gards eleanllness If the floor of the pen Is well covered with clean straw. A nCBESaiKS CHAMPION. (Champion Poland-China boar. sow. Add to the feed gradually till on full feed In ten or twelve days. If the sow is very restless at time of farrow ing, remove the pigs carefully as they appear and return as soon ns farrow ing ceases. In most cases It Is better to leave the sow entirely alone, and in case of extreme cold weather provide suthclent bedding so she may burrow In It and her bodily heat prevent chill ing of the litter. The pigs will show a disposition to eat at three weeks old and should be encouraged to do so by providing a creep where shelled corn and sweet milk nre to be had. By the time they nre eight weeks old they should be on full feed and weaning take place without check to thrift or growth. Never give the dam during the suc kling period sour or stale feed. This will derange the systems of the lit ter, causing dissentcry nnd stunted growth. Facts About Goats. Goats do not cat grass as long as there are weeds and brush. ' An Angora Is n prolific breeder nnd a productive shearer until twelve or thirteen years old. An ordinary fence Is generally effee- I tunl to contlne goats. Their tendency, as n rule, Is rather to go through a fence than to Jump over. m IF YOUVE NEVER WORN Klfflrj SUCKER you've vet to leam the bodily comfort it gives in. the wettest weather MAoeroR Hard service AND GUARANTEED WATERPROOF 322 AT AU GOOD STOVES catalog me KILL the COUGH AND CURE THE LUNGS w,th Dr. King's New Discovery AND Alt THROAT AND LUNG TR0U8LES. GUARANTEED SATISFAOXOIOT OS MONEY REFUNDED. Paralysis n Pig. Partial pnrulvsla in pit's tuny lie treated mtcccxsfully In smue caes by ! C dosing with epooin salt.-i, allowing one ounce to em h animal, following with a dcHert-MKiiiful of end liver nil, ten grama of phovphnte of lime and two drop of mix vomica as a physic, given twh-e a day for several week. Teat th Wool. In keeping ewe lambs for breeders It Is n giiod plan to test the strength of their wool. Take samples of all the ee liiniba and sec which threads are the strongest. Tough liber may be transmitted from one generation to the next ns well as othir good characteristics. SUCCESS IN SWINE BREEDING. Shttp Dainty Ftadara. Sheen are dainty feeders. They will nt rat bay that has U-en musm-d over by other anlinnls. ItefiiKe from the heep racks niny 1 thrown to the cat tie. but It will not work the other way. Sheep di uot like grain from a ratty crlli They ar dainty, and It la beat to humor tbem. BOX MANGERS. SILAGE FOR. BEEF CATTLE. Th aoooembat prevalent Idea among farmers that beef rattla fed oa sitae W aoi f to tb block in aa gnod coa dltloa aa tboaa rd dry rattoua of roof hag baa bee disproved by a art of Important U rat !-a t ton and fwadlna- testa of tb departs! f afrtraiiara, Tna treat rain of sUar aa at prodarar aa weU a for dairy flftxwM If rpocjaalvtly a bow a. il Thy Cannot B Prprly Clcand and hauld B Abcliahad. Tint !t manner are au aNmilna tlou I being appreciated by the re. -cut hara builder. Since It la realized that they are not a nrrrmlty, but a danger, the brt dairy farm are ahollnhing all rack and rabrd lioiea urcd as man ger. The ohjwtiona to bai lug a small feeding cwnipartment boxed ciir-. lv around tb cow' be J are thnrv tlie box manger cannot be kept ciran. an. I bene la a disease dimwtnlnab'; It bin ders ventilation, and It prevent the row from feeding la a natural pili u With amall corner and tall aide the box cannot be aatisfactorily wept Bor cleaned of th odd acrap of feed wbk-h rullwt. Tfata accumulating dirt aad dust brcomea moldy and nxtca and attraota Ilea and rata. It I farther aarmful la that It become gradually eatea by tb cow and la harmful to her. Tb box nancer affords a rwooting place for rhk-keaa. whoa dropping hccoBM mixed with tb cow feed, Kk tnJarVms effect. r-ptng or a hoveling tb waste aiatertal frota tb aaanarr doc Bot tbomoghly rleaa tb boa, bat r vr oaly tb very largcl ptorea of dirt, tb snail partk-lea and dast rv aula lag being al-t to da a aaax b bars a tb larger aaaa. J. F. Keller, in an article that won a prize In the swine contest conducted by the American Agriculturist, aays of hog breeding and management: As to breeds I may say all have their strung and weak points, and onr thirty years' exerlence lu handling UK) to 2i bogs annually convinces me that a belter feeding animal Is more fre quently secured by crossbreeding. This Is understood to mean the prog eny of pur bred parent stock. Th character of the progeny of pur bred parents can he foretold with a marked degree of certainty, but of crossbred parent not at all. Tb black breeds usually give the highest grade meats with the least offal, but many of them hav been bred for heavy points and ronvcpiently have lost fecundity. I find relief In this line by using Chester Whit. iHimc-Jentcy or large York shir sow, whhh I And prolillc breed era and excellent mother. These are bred to a thoroughbred I'olamM'hlna boar. A IVand hlna boar and Berk shire sow bring a very superior feed er la crossbreeding It I usually a lvUat.l that the sow should b of th larger breed, aa thla give freedom of parturltloB and great suckling abil ity. The dam should have good length, kW betaeea uper and lower body line, fair aklth. strong boo, set with straight Joints and not less thaa twelve well developed teata. A sow to b ptvfltahl shoald be able to produce taw good litter annnal ty and bring to w awning la good coodl tkia an average of eight pig to th lit ter. Wber a small herd Is kept aad warns quarters provided I (nd th early JJar h litter tb most profitable, as tbry ar Urge oaoatga to get soar out j'f J be sanimer clover pastare. Mak the Cow Comfortable. Whatever adds to the comfort of the cow Increases the milk yield. Dis comfort decreases the yield. Strive to make the cow comfortable. Give her hade during the hottest days and tha best protection you can from flies. POINTS ON THE PIG. Ar Soma Not For Breeders That Worth Rememlerirg. Tigs that mature early are the ones for prollt when well cured fur. Wood charcoal, wood ushes and salt should be uccessililu at il l times. The greatest prolit of the dairy con sists in converting the byproducts into pork. Don't let the hogs have access to dirty or filthy water hole. tllve them salt oflea. also plenty of fresh water daily. Never use a scrub male aa I then ex pert a One litter from a g,Ml now. Oats fed to sows din ing pregnancy, by sowing them liroadiast on the ground. Increase si?e of the uiilxirn pig also helping to keep the raw ami litter In good condition. A mixture of wheat and barley b more valuable food for growing pif than corn alone. Ground wheat and com give better feeding results than ground wheat and rye. The profit t:i feeding young pigs Is with those that are not stinted In their food. More pigs are underfed than are overfed. Soaking meal doe not produce aa great a gain In feeding value as soak ing whole grain. Economical feeding Is not how much they eat, but what they assimilate. Keep tb herd free from lie by fre quent applications of kerosene emul sion, or Minor's fluid mixed with water and sprayed on them, or by dipping if you have a tank. For amall pigs use a naif barrel to dip them In. TEA New York is too far from Japan; San Fran cisco is nearer. Your grocer leturni rour money If yon doat lilt Schilling's Best: we pay him How's This! We offer One Hundred Dollars Reward foj ny cane of Catarrh that cannot be cured bj aaira uaiarra cure. F J. CHENEY CO.. Prons . Toledo. O V?e the undt-i signed, have known F. J. Che ney foi toe last 15 yean, and believe him eer- .'ectly honorable in all business tranaactions and financially abls to carry out any obliga tions made by their firm. WffHTJlTRCAX. WboleftAla Trmevtat TviUa A Waldixo, KiKiria&MABvia. Whol! Drue- e-iata, Toledo. O. EalPa Catarrh Core il taken Internally, ctl directly upon th blood and mnoona aarfaceaol the ayatem. Price, 7Se. per botU. Bold by aU Hall's Family Fills ax tb bast. TTOBNKT 4T LAW Ed. F. Cod, Office Id Courthouse DALLAS. OREGON IS 5 A The Secret of a Beautiful Face C lies in keeping the skin pro tectedatwcliascleansed, Jiut washing is not enough that only leaves the delicate surface more exposed to the irritation of dust and germs; to merci less attacks of sun and weather. After washing, ap ply Robert ine and experience its delightful refreshment. You will admire the line-lea softness h imparts to (ace, neck and arms. It not only stimulate a radiant glow, but Drotects th ak in Imm Immu.. i ft ng coarse. Prevents bum- I w, an and freckles. I I A eou Wiemifyou UaS"e BALLARD'S H0REH0UND 5YKUP i frenerallV a forerun hoi- . sick spells. It fihoulcT not be neglected, the human brea. '8 system is a combination of tubes and cells, which mi.'Jl ug kept in order to insure good health. ust 09 Ballard's Horehound Syrup n TPF C0UGHS COLDS, BRONCHITIS LUfCO WHOOPINQ COUGH, CROUP AND ALL PULMONARY DISEASES. Cured of a Chronic Cough. J. H. Ellis, Butte, Mont., writes: "r cheerfully recom mend Ballard's Horehound Syrup to all people afnieted with chronic coughs. I suffered for years with a chronic cough which would last all winter. Ballard's Horbhound Syrup elfected an immediate and permanent cure," 25c, 50c and $1.00. Ballard Snow Liniment Co. 500-502 North Second Street, ST. LOUIS, M0., Sold and Recommended by STAFRIN DRUG COMPANY OLD FOLKS Espeelallr need "Natnre'a Remedy" (N T.bl.) , noed 1 1 to t ako ihe Rhen. matlsm out ot their Joints need It to keep their Stomach, Liver Kldnera and Bowela In good orderi need It for the strength and rigor It gives Let "NATURE'S REMEDY" Be Your Doctor. Take tablet now and them It will keep yotir system In men food eondition that dlaeasea cannot take hold. Every box it guaranteed to give satisfaction, or tha purchase price refunded. BetterThan Pills For Liver Ills CETA25d.BOX. lj CET A 25d. BOX. T J3jiM vljy i55 m BELT & CHERRINGTON, Dallas, Oregon. FRIEND TO FRIEND. The personal recommenHflfinns of ocoole who have been cured of coughs and colds bv Cham berlain's Cough Remedy have done more than aD else to make ir a staple article of trade and com merce over a large part of the civilized world AN INSTANCE. Lacy Suddreth, of Lenoir, N. C, had been troubled with a Terr bad cough for orer a year. She aaya : " A friend bought a bottle of Chamberlains Cocgh Remedy, brought it to me and insisted that I should take it I did so and to my surprise it helped me. Four bottles of a eared me of my cough." fin 1 1 it TIE IEW IDEA ri TEE ORIGINAL LAXATIVE EI1HEDY5 AXATIVE Hans tli BcitU L.T" J But for Cifldru n ii i For Sale by Druggists. rj C0D6B STEOP fJJ ri aa 41 as asm aa aa UfJiiY AR TO i TOKDiircn For Sale b7 8TAJEIN DRUG CO. Dallas, and It THOMPSON, Falls City- RE Cnrea Bactcfl2 Corrects Do not risk