Cottage Grove leader., July 22, 1914, Image 4

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Photo copyright, 1914, by American Press Association.
Train With Refugees Arriving at Vera Cruz
rutted States marines guarded trains with refugees when they arrived
at the Vera Cruz out) sts The picture shows a train arriving from Mexico
City. It was feared that
train might be attacked us It ueured the city,
nml it was guarded by United States sailors.
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Photo copyright, 1914, by American Press Association.
Funston’s Men In Complete Control of Vera Cruz
United States marines are here shown marching back to their ships In
Vera Cruz harbor, while the troops of Brigadier General Funston are drawn
up In review. The picture gives nn Idea of the complete occupation o f th*
city of Vera Cruz by American forces
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Copyright, 1914, by Panama-Pacific International Exposition Co. H. S.
Crocker Co., official photographers.
COLOSSAL STATUARY FOR PANAMA-PACIFIC EXPOSITION.
I
N TE R IO R o f one of three studios at the Panama-Pacific Interna­
tional Exposition to open In San Francisco next year, showing the
partially completed figures, some of them thirty feet In height,
which will adorn the vast courts.
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l*hoto copyright, 1914, by Am<
m P itM Association.
Guarding Waterworks Outside Vera Cruz
R ere are shovn United State |
rs In a trench guarding the water sup
p lj o f Vera Crn»
It was reported thi at Mexicans were shout to cut off tht
aiipply of thè city, and a force was Imi uedtatcly sent to protect I t
large a part o f many men's occupations
Straight Talk a Virtù».
Everyliody re aperta thè man who would he gone If there was never any
talks wltlnmt eircumUK'Utlon and who thing hut perfectly straight talk be­
mentis wImi he aaya. whooe tougue Is tween man and man!—Christian Her
Dot twlated and who gran right to thè ; aid.
marie, never seeklng to mlslead or to
mlwrrpreselit Straight talk la a Tir !
Funeral Festivals.
tue that la praetloed all too little. Ira | The Greeks and the Romans never
agine what a different world this would proscribed chilling silence at funem ls
be If there were no other kind In busi
On the contrary, they regarded them
news. In domestic affairs. In society. In is festivals and entertainments and
diplomacy — between employers and 1 hose these occurrences for the prodne
workers, politicians and people, govern
lions o f their great plays. Every com
ment and governisi and In the profea
edy of Plautus was first produced at
atonal and tha business world! Uow « funeral celebration.
When was Fort San Juan de Ulua
built? Did we capture it when we oc
cupied Vera Cruz in tha first war with
Mexico?
No naval force could capture Vera
Cruz without lirst capturing or silenc­
ing Fort Sun Juan de Ulun, which was
built expressly for the defense o f the
harbor. Vera Cruz dates from 1520,
soon nfter the first landing there of
Cortez, and the fort was built soon
afterward. It was the strongest forti
Ucutiou o f Mexico and the last post
held by the Spaniards In North Am eri­
ca, capitulating Nov. 19, 1825. Since
passing into the possession o f Mexico
It bus been captured four times—in
18118 by the French, 1847 by the
Americans under General Scott, iu
1801 by the French lu the Maximilian
movement and now again by the
Americans.
What it the approximate cost of
maintaining the armies and navies of
the principal nations?
The estimates or budgets o f the d lf
ferent governments covering tw o year
periods furnish an approximate esti
mate: The cost o f the British army,
according to estimates for 1913-14. w
amount to $224,300,000. The estimates
for the navy for 1913-14 are placed at
$224.140,000. The United States army
appropriations for 1913-14 amount to
$94,200,145. not including the expendi­
ture by the several states on their na­
tional guard or the enormous sum
paid for pensions to ex-volunteers. The
nnvy appropriations for 1913-14 amount
to $140,8<)0.043. The estimated mili­
tary expenditure o f the German em­
pire In the budget for 1912-13 amounts
to $lS3.t)90.noo. excluding expenditures
on colonial troops. The German naval
estimates for 1913-14 amount to $111.-
300,000. The military budget o f France
for 1913 shows an estimated expendi­
ture of $191.431.000 for the military
establishment The navy estimate for
1914 amounts to $119,571,400.
Italy
during 1913-14 e x a c ts to spend about
$51.000,000 on her nnvy nml about $82.-
928.000 on her army.
The military
budget o f Russia, ordinary and ex ­
traordinary, for 1913-14 calls for $317,-
800.000 nml the navy nbout $122.500,-
000. The army estimate o f Austro-
Hungnry for 1913 was $82.300,000 and
the navy $42,000.000. The military ex
pendlture o f Japan for 1013-14 will be
nbout $49,000,000. The nnvy estimates
for 1913-14 amount to $40,500,000.
When was Nelson O’ Shaughnessy
appointed to Mexico and how long has
he been a representative of the United
States?
IIo was appointed second secretary
o f the embassy at Mexico In 1911,
while Henry L. Wilson was still am­
bassador.
Montgomery Schuyler of
Now York was then first secretary o f
the embassy, but Inter O’Shnnglinessy
became first secretary, and on the re
call o f Minister Wilson he became
charge d ’affaires or ncting ambassador
What is meant by the mint mark on
a coin?
It Is n small letter stamped on the
coin In the process o f minting to show
where It was made, the letter “ O”
standing for New Orleans. "S " for San
Francisco, “ C C” for Cnrson City and
“ D” for Denver. Coins Issued by the
parent mint at Philadelphia have no
mint mark.
Firet.— What ia the origin of the
word tango, the name of the new
dance? Second,— Kindly give pronun­
ciation of tartgc in France; alea the
pronunciation used in England. Third.
— What ie the accepted or preferred
pronunciation of tango in our country
and cite authority for earns, please.
The word Is sup|n>sed to be o f Spnti-
Isb origin, a variation o f tiingnno (ac­
cent on first syllable), a boy’s play
Perhaps n better derivation would be
from the Spanish fandango (accent on
second syllable), a lively Spanish
dunce. In early times fandango was
much In vogue In this country to des­
ignate a dancing party or ball, and It
is still current in Mexico
Tango,
meaning a lively dance, might easily
come from fandango During the Rus­
so-Japanese war the Japanese captur­
ed several Russian vessels and chang­
ed their names, among them being the
Poltava, which was change«! to Tango,
nml she Is still In the Japanese navy
under that name, or was tw o years
ago This would Indicate that the word
has some Japanese significance, but we
do not know what. It »«'em » to have
been current In different South Am eri­
can countries, nnd probably applies to
any dance o f that particular kind, style
ami temivramental effect. The French
pronunciation is like tahng-go (first
syllable nasal), but It has not yet found
its way Into nn English dictionary.
Is it true that negro slavery existed
in one state of the United States when
the constitution was adopted?
Slavery was Intrmluced at an early
l>erio«l nml had not yet been abolished
or prohibited In any o f the states when
th«» constitution was s«lopte«l In 1789
The United States census o f 1700 show -
n l that New Hampshire rontnln«?d 158
negro slaves, Vermont 17. Rhode Is­
land 952. Connecticut 2.759. New York
21.324. New Jersey 11.423, Pennsylva­
nia 3.737, Delaware. 8.887. Maryland
103.03«, Virginia 293.427. North Caroll
na 100.572. South Carolina 107.097,
Georgia 29.204, Tenness«*e 3,417, Ken
tucky 11,830: total slaves, 697,897; total
population. 3,029.214. Massachusetts
was the only one o f the thirteen origi­
nal colonies that did not contain a
slave In 1790.
What is tha origin and meaning of
the word optimistic?
It Is derived from the Latin optlmus,
best, that being tbe superlative of
bonus, good. In English we say good,
better, best; the Latin hns bonus,
rncllor. optlmus.
From optlmus we
have optimist, optimistic, etc.
W hat method ia used in finding the
center of population of tha United
States?
/
Tbe census bureau defines the cen­
ter o f population ns “ the center o f
gravity o f the whole population o f the
country, each Individual being assum­
ed to have the same weight.” This
means the pivotnl point on which the
country would balance with tbe popu­
lation distributed us tbe census shows
It to be. uo one Individual outweigh­
ing another.
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Photo copyright. 1914, by American Press Association.
Fighting Fred Funston at Vera Cruz
This photograph of Brigadier Geueral Funston was taken on the gang­
plank of a transport as he was about to go ashore at Vera Cruz. Funston
Is la charge o f the American forets« at Vera Crust
What ia meant by tha coast and
geodetic survey? What is geodatio?
A geodetic survey means mapping
Inrge areas by methmls which take the
When and where 'w as Archimedes,
curvature o f the earth’s sufnee Into ac­ the great Greek mathematician, born,
count as ordinary surveys on a small and what were hi* contributions to sci­
scale do not. The United States coast ence?
tind geodetic survey, which Is now at­
Archimedes was born at Syracuse. In
tached to the department o f rommerce, Sicily. 287 B 0. His greatest work
ts eharged with the survey o f the was lu geometry, and the range and
coasts o f the Unite«! States and coasts Importunée o f what lie awauplUhed
under tbe jurisdiction thereof, und tbe can liest lie understood after reading
publication o f charts covering said some o f his uiauy books with the com­
coasts. This Includes base measure, mentary o f Kutoeluu. lie was famous
triaugulatlou. topography nnd hydrog­ also for Ingenious mechanical contri­
raphy nlong said consts; the survey vances, though he regarded them hs
of rivers to the head o f tidewater or beneath the dignity o f pure seleuee
ship navigation, deep sea soundings, It Is a matter of tradition that he de
temperature and current observations v ! h « h 1 for Htero engines of war which
nlong said coasts and throughout the almost tcrrilitHl the Romans and which
gulf and Japan streams, determination protracted the siege of Syracuse for
of latitude nnd longitude, etc.
three years.
One o f his inventions
was the water screw, devised for the
Please give the recipe for United purpose o f Irrigating Helds in Egypt
States government whitewash.
Similar devices are said to be used In
Take ont'-hnlf bushel o f freshly Holland at the present time.
burnt lime, slake It with boiling water;
cover during the process to keep til the
Personal Property.
steam; strain the liquid through a fine
A Cleveland attorney took the M«*d
sieve nnd add to It seven pounds of Iterraneim trip a month ago
It was
salt previously well dissolved lu wnrm his first time across the water! and he
water. thr«*e pounds o f ground rice stated on his return that he would
boiled to a thin paste and stirred In have had a perfe«'tly glorious time but
boiling hot water, one-half pound o f
for the silly questions asked him by
Spanish wlilting, one pound of glue customs oltU-lals.
dissolved by soaking well and then
It was on the pier at New York that
banging it over a slow fire in a small
his woes came to a climax. "(>i»en
kettle within a large one filled with
your trunk, please," commanded the
water. Add five gallons of hot water custom house officer. “ Have you any
to the mixture, stir It well and let It tiling In there but personal property?’
stand for a few days covert'd from
lie continued.
"W h at do you menn by personal
dirt. It must lie put on quite hot. und
for this pui'iHise It enn be kept In a propertyT” countered the lawyer.
"F o r heaven's sake! Don't you know
kettle or portable furnace.
what personal pro|>erty Is?" The oftl
How many representatives has I re­ cer looked up in umuzement.
“ I thought I did." answered the a t­
land in the British parliament as now
torney. "and I can assure yon that
constituted ?
One hundred In tbe house o f com­ there Is no real estate la my trunk.” —
mons elected by th«' people and twen­ Cleveland Plain Dealer.
ty-eight In the house o f lords ele«'ted
Pepys’ Library.
for life ns representative peers by the
Irish peers themselves, o f whom there
Pepya’ library since 1724 baa been In
the possession o f Magdalene college.
are 172.
Cambridge. Pepys directed In bis will
How many signers of the Declaration
that hls collection o f books and man­
of Independence were there, and how
uscripts should be transferred on the
many were farmer»?
death o f hls nephew. John Jackson, to
There were fifty-six signers, o f whom
either Trinity college or Magdalene
twenty-six were lawyers, eight were college. Cambridge, and required thut
merchants, six were physicians, six
the college which received the books
were farmers nnd the rest were scat
should submit to an nnnual visitation
tering. ns one printer. Benjamin Frank­ from tne other, the purpose o f which
lin o f Pennsylvania; one minister. John
should be to ascertain whether the
Witherspoon o f New Jersey; one sailor.
trust was being worthily fulfilled.
W illiam Whipple o f Connecticut: one
“Could I tie sure,” Pepys wrote, “ of
shoemaker. Roger Stiermnn o f Connect­ a constant succession o f hetrs from
icut. The farmers were Willinm Floyd
my said nephew qunllfitvl like himself
o f New York, who eomnmiided the
for the use o f such a library, I should
Ixuig Island militia in the Revolution­ not entertain a thought o f tta ever be­
ary w ar; Benjamin Harrison o f Vlr
ing alieuntt'd from them.”
glnln. great-grandfather «if Benjamin
Harrison o f , Indiana; John Hart o f
New Jersey, who served In the colonial
legislature; Stephen Hopkins of Rhode
PR O F E S S IO N A L C AR D S
Island; Francis N glitfoot Lee o f Vir­
ginia, Lew is Morris o f New York.
P re rlicrs in a ll Courts
Would you kindly publish when and
how paanuts are grown?
The peanut plant somewhat resem­
bles clover In Its foliage and has small,
yellow single flowers. A fter blossom­
ing. tbe little pods bend down and
thrust themselves Into the soil, when
they grow tuto tbe well known thick
shelled fruits. In cultivating, the pods
are covered with earth, thus insuring
a large crop. Peanuts are natives of
tropical Anierk-a. but are now grown
in many warm countries. In the south­
ern United States they constitute an
Important crop. The conditions best
suited to the culture o f the peanut are
an early and warm spring, a hot and
moist summer and a limy, aandy. frta
! ble loam
U m e in some form must
be adtled to soils deficient In this ele­
m ent
T h e soil ts finely pulverised
* from four to live Indies deep and the
seed plauted about on« Inch in rows,
from twenty eight to thirty six Inches
apart and from tw elve to sixteen Inch- !
es In the row when danger o f late
spring frosts are passed. About tw o i
bushels o f nuts In the pod are required
to plant an acre. A fter planting and j
during the growing period tbe soil la
kept loan# and open and free from
weeds.
Hava animals (domestlo or wild) any
conscience or moral faculty?
Scientists generally agree that ani­
mals lower in tbe biological scale than
human beings hare no emotions but
selfish ones. The dog Is faithful be­
cause his Instinct tells him that It is
to hls advantage to be faithful. By
"conscience" the moralist understands
a sense o f the goodness or blameworth­
iness o f one’s own conduct, together
with a feeling o f obligation to do that
or to be thut which is recognized to lie
good. Tbe animal cannot know what
Is recognized to be good, but only what
Is eommundiMl by hls master or by a
stronger lieing.
Drop the
Blinders From
Your Eyes!
By MOSS.
is
one of man’s
most PRECIO US
possessions.
In ancient times
they used to blind
p«M)ple with lime
or scalding vine­
gar as a punisb-
ment The Emperor Basil In
1914 A. D. deprived a whole
army o f Bulgarians of sight
N o w a d a y s such AVVFUl-
T H IN Q 8 seem too H O R R IB LE
EVEN for the IM A G IN A T IO N .
Instead of blinding people pur­
posely civilization today does ev­
erything It can to PR E SE R V E
E YE SIG H T. Those for whom
the light bus failed now have
the ndvnntag«?s o f B E T T E R pub­
lic Institutions than ever before.
It’s a G LO RIO U S advance from
the first public school for the
blind In Paris In 1784 to the
W O N D E R F U L methods of
teaching the blind of today.
You, fortunately, are BLESS­
ED with E YE SIG H T.
USE IT.
Let the eyes truly be the
S E A R C H L IG H T S o f the M IN D
One easy way you can learn to
use your eyes P R O F IT A B L Y is
to read what OUR BUSINESS
MEN have to say to YOU in
T H IS P A P E R .
DO IT !
E
y e s ig h t
W oodw ard B uildie
J . G. J O llJ 'tfS O J 'J
ATTORNFeY A T LA W
N O T A R Y PU B L IC
Pho
N o. 43
C ottage Grove. Ort
K IN T E R
BROS.
SUITCASKH
O T R U N Iv S I
A N D H A (AS
T h e H o u se F u r n is h e r s
PHONE
6
Blacksmithing
Correct Method oi
Horseshoeing
W a g o n Making
And
General Repair W ork
M ETSAN SHOP
South of First National Bank
Sixth Street
Agency
S p r ig g s B ro s .
H ILLS BROS. COFFEES
1
30c-35c-40c-45c
The Leader leads, but never
1 follows.
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