ro i imum i m t Vol. xvm. Astoria, Oregon, Wednesday Morning, March 21, 1883 No. 146. V. ill 1 S,!! VALUE OF '-IMPROVED" LIVE STOCK. The live stock of civilized man includes all domesticated animals quadrupeds, fish and fowl. Excepting the dog. cat, etc., they ure used for flesh, clothing and motive power. To speak of the value o( improved stock is simply to sa', in other words, that some animals are more valuable than others of the same genus, species or family. This superior value is found in the individuals of these divisions, and, in addition, im provement may be made upon them by selection, food, shelter and judicious breeding. A single example will illustrate my mean ing. Do we wish to produce beef? Then we mnst select the breed that takes on flesh and fat of the best quality, in the shortest time; and then, following the laws of health, wo must use generous feed and shelter. In breeding, however, the taste of the beautiful is not to be ignored, and hence form, size, and color assume im portance. The first quality of animals bred for food is great assimilating power the capability of convert ing food into flesh more rapidly than other breeds. Thus the short-horn breeders contend that a given quantity of food will make more beef in that animal than any other of the cow-kind. Another first-rate quality is early maturity; for, as a great portion of all the food of animals goes to keep up the vital heat and wasting tissues of the body, it is important that the animal should develop its whole capacity of flesh production in as short a time as possible. So the short-horn, which takes on 2,000 pounds of flesh in three years, is a great improvement upon the scrub which takes five years to mature and reach the same -weight. The gain by the improved stock "is the total ex penditure of food thus saved for two years in maintaining heat and the tissus, as well as the making of more flesh for a given sum of feed. Another of the first quality is that the animal to be eaten should take on fat most where fat is most valuable. Thus the rumps and tenderloins are more valuable than the shoulders and neck; and the rounds are preferable to the fore-legs. Other prime qualities are health and vigor, ability to re sist cold and heat and disease. Minor qualities are size, form and color, which are to be judged in subordination to the highest quali ties. As a general law, running through all animal life, "like begets like;" and yet there is another law of nature which ad mits of sporting" or notoriety; otherwise there could be no im provement, but all the races would maintain the one dead level of their original type. It is not necessary here to discuss the sub ject, whether all the species came cf the original genus, or all of the families of the same species It is sufficient for our purpose to claim that certain types, good or bad, are more apt to be reproduced from maintaining the blood of those types unmixed with other types; in other words, pure or thoroughbreds. The long experi ence of the most sagacious breed ers is opposed to mixed bloods as the means of improvement, be cause the progeny of the two or more types used tend always back to the original types. Sporting in wildlife is very rare, and the return to the original type is almost sure; now and then you may find a white cow; but the return to the black is certain. Under man's manipulation, -when the surroundings are continually changed sporting or variation is very common; but I imagine that climate, food and shelter being the same, but little is the chance of new mixed types. It is frequently said, and I have said so, that the short horns manipulated by the Collins and Bates were a mixed breed; but of this we have no certain proof. On the contrary, there are proofs of the short-horn, existing long before their day; and whatever the original type was identical with the Dutch cattle and improved by them, or whether those crosses, once mixed with the short-horns were bred out and the original type restored, is not sus ceptible of proof; but it has a pre ponderance of testimony and reasoning is in its favor. It is safest, then, to select the types best suited for the climate and food and ends desired, and then by the selection of the best of any type to advance it: thus beef may be improved in quality and quantity, and wool and milk also advanced by proper selection, food and shelter. I conclude by saying that "improved stock" is a reality, and shall defer further discussion to a future article. vigorously prosecuieu on me ouu Rural New Yorker.- fornia end of the road from Ked- Railroad Progress on the Pacific Coast. The year just closed has been remarkable for the progress made in the construction of railroads, which, for lack of more definite terms, may be designated as Pa cific coast railroads. It is now evident that the entire line of the Northern Pacific JfcaUraad-betscecn Lake Superior and Puget Sound will be completed by the close of this present year. The mileage now completed between those two great bodies of water is 1,4S5 miles. The line on the east is con structed from Lake Superior to Bozeman, a distance of 1,040 miles. On the west the track is completed to a point near the mouth of the Missoula river, leav ing hardly more than three hun dred miles of road to be con structed to fill this gap between .italic uuucuui auu j. ujji-i uuuiiu. In this estimate no note is made of several branches and side divis ions. Practically the Northern Pacific railroad does not begin nor end on Lake Superior. That was a convenient point made in the or ganization of the original company. The branch on tho -western end from Wallula to Portland is 210 miles long. The Atchison, Topeka and San ta Fe Railroad company have practically completed their rail road from the Missouri river to the Gulf of California, and some weeks ago this company run a train from the "river to the' sea," a distance of 1,G75 miles to the terminus at Guymas. It is ten years since that road touched the eastern side of what was then Colorado Territory, and it did not look then as if the read would ever cross that terri tory. But the extraordinary min ing developments in Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona stimu lated railroad enterprises, the re sult of which was that before the close of 18S2 this railroad compa ny had reached the waters of the Pacific. The Southern Pacific during the past year practically completed a line of railroad from San Francis co to New Orleans. Tho line be tween these two points the wa ters of the Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico, is designated by eastern men as the "Sunset route." On the Gulf end some short roads al ready constructed, were consoli dated or brought under control of the Southern Pacific compaii'. The entire length from San Fran-i cisco to New Orleans is 2,470 miles. From San Francisco to, Galveston the distance is about j 2,150 miles. This road with its connections is now open for tarffic, , and it is already intimated that I immigrants will be brought from ', Liverpool to New Orleans and j over this route to Uali fornia at $00 j each. Even this cost may yet be j further reduced. The Carson and Colorado Kail road is now completed for a dis tance of 192 miles, reaching Ben ton, in Meno count, with 100 miles beyond so far advanced that the addition will be open for traffic some time next summer. It ex tends all the way through the min eral belt, and promises to be one of the most important and profitable narrow, gauge railroads in the United States. The California and Oregon Rail road, a direct line between San Francisco and Portland, has here tofore made slow progress. About thirty-five miles were completed on the Oregon end in 1SS2. This was very heavy work, and equal to more than a hundred miles of railway constructed over a moder ately level country. "Work is now j ding north; and there is now ev cry prospect that the entire road will be completed by the end of the year. The remaining work of construction will involve a large outlay, the line to fill the gap be ing over a coantry presenting some formidable obstacles to rail way building. We have hereto fore noted the progress of railway construction in Mexico by means ot American capital. In no pre vious year has such a vast work been accomplished in the way of railroad construction, directly or remotely connected with Pacific coast interests. S. F. Bulletin. POWDER Absolutely Pure. This powder never varies. A marvel of purity, strength and wliolesomeness. More economical than the ord nary kinds, and cannot be sold inconip tlllon with the mul titude of low test, short weight, alum or phosphate jwwders. Sold mily in can. Ho val Baking 1'owdhkCo., ice "Wall-i-t. N.Y. . STOMACH & &ITTE&S Inralidswho aro recovering vital stamina, declare in grateful terms their appreciatiun of tho merits as a tonic, of llostctter's Stom ach Bitters. Not only docs it impart strength to tho weak, but it also corrects an irregular acidstatoof tho stomach, makes the bowels act at proper intervals, gives oao to those who fuller from rheumatic and kidney troub les, and conquers as well as prevqnts fever and ague. For sale by all Drugalsts and Dealers generally. is&mM J " CELEBRATED f l-ww $Si fJ BlSs' i H &. m j .? Tr.- 'ft AH - k.- ri ii L 1 tl. CERMANREME RHEUMATISM, Neuralgia, Sciatica, Lumbago, Backache, Soreness of the Chest, Gout, Quins, Sore Throat, Swell ings and Sprains, Burns and Scalds, General Bodily Pains, Tooth, Ear and Headache, Frosted Feet and Ears, and all other Pains and Aches. 2to Preparation on earth equals St. Jacobs Oil &s a safe, sure, simple- and cheap External Bemedj. A trial entails but the croparaUrelj trifling ouUat of 0 Cents, and erery one maer ing with p&in can baro cheap and paitiTO proof of IU claims. Skectiom in Eleven Languages. 80LDBYALLDBUGGI8T8Ain)DEALEB3 IH HEDI0IHE. A. VOGEjLER &, CO., Baltimore, XTd., XT. S. A. There seems to be a general opinion amonff naval engineers that no iron passenger steam ship can be said to be constructed upon the besL design, which in sures safety in case of collision or running upon a rock, unless she is provided with, a double bottom. But the space which is thus taken up is under existing laws measured as tonnage-carrying area, and there is practically a premium for the neglect of an essential measure of security. Few ship-owners like to be taxed for a costly effort in itself to preserve the lives of others. SYMPTOMS OF A DISEASED LIVER. Pain In the right side, under edge ot ribs, increasing on pressure; .some the pain is on the Ieflbhlo; the pa: rarely able to He on the left side; some-. times the pain is felt under the shoulder and Ls sometimes taken for RheunvsUsmj in the arm. The stomach is affected vrlh; loss of appetite and sickness ; the l,-ve!s ' in general arc costive, sometimes alter- j natlngwith laxity; the head is troubled with pain, accompanied with a dull, heavy sensation in the back part. There Is gener ally n considerable loss of memory accom f muled with a aiuful sensation of having eft undona something which ought to have been done. A slicht, dry cough Is .sometimes attendant. The patient com plains of weariness and debility; he is easily startled ; his feet are cold or burn ing, and he complains of a prickly sensa tion of the skin; his spirits are low, and, although huissatlslled that exercise would bo boncllclal to him, yet he can scarcely summon up fortitude enough to try it. If 3ou have any of the above symptoms, vou can certainly be cured.by the u of the genuine Dtt. C. aicLAJIE'S X.IVKR PILLS. When you buyMcLane's Pills, insist on having Wit. C. McLA'LS CELE BRATED LIVER r ILLS, made by Fleming- Ilros., Pittsburgh, Pa. If you can not get tho genuine DR. C. McLANK'S LIVER PILLS, 6cnd us 25 cents by mail, and we will send them to you. FLEMING BROS., Pittsburgh, Pa. Important ? ? Read earefnlly ! ! ! Hereafter all our Pure Coffees will be put up under our own private label NONE GENUINE Unless bought of A. M. JOHNSON & CO. N. B. All goods bearing our label arc guaranteed to be strictly Pure and of Best quality, and are sold by no other House. Notice. STATE AND COUNTY TAXES FOIt THE year 1882, are now due and can be paid at ruy office at the Court House, d-wtf A. M, TWOMBLY, Sheriff. HTI M B Irlfy If BY C. H. STICKELS A. 51. JOHNSON & Co., Dealers in Slip CbuJUerj ami Groceries CROCKERY & CLASS WARE. A No Wholesale Dealers In Pninis, Oil. Varnishes, Glass, T?utty. Artists' Oil and Water Colors, l'nint and Kal.so- mine Brushes. Constantly on hand a full and choice stock of Staple and Fanoy (jroceriea Only tio Best kept. Our stock of Crorkery and Glass Warp is the Largest and moat Complete Stock ever opened iu Astoria. Consisting of Tea and Dinner Sets. Tojlet Sets. Glass. Fruit, and Water Sets. Bar Fixtures. A.e Muss. Ponies. Ittrrtic Bottles Goblets, Tum bler Lemonade Cups, &c , &c. Everything sold at Lowest Living Rates. Quality Guaranteed. An Examination will more than repay you. LOEB & CO., JOBBERS EN WINES. LIQUORS, AND CIGARS. AGENTS FOR THE Best San Francisco Housesrand Eastern Distilleries. J-AU goods sold at San Francisco Prices. MAIN STREET, Opposite 1'arker IIou.e, Astoria, Oregon. W. E. DEMENT & CO. ASTORLA, - - - OREGON Carry in Stock, DRUGS, CHEMICALS, TOILET and FANCY ARTICLES. Prescriptions carefully Compounded, MAG1W8 C. CROSBY, Dealer In HAMAEE, IRON, STEEL, iron Pipe and Fittings, PLTJ M BERS AND STEAM FITTER0 Goods arid Tools, SHEET LEAD STRIP ILEAD i SHEET IRON TIN AND COPPER, ICaBisrj aid Mslewns Supplies . Ol9VS, I III W3rB anfl SlOUSe . rUmiSDinfj GOOuS. JOBBING IN SHEET IRON, TIN. COP PER PLUMBING and STEAM FITTING Done with i.eatness and dispatch. None but first clas workmen employed. Alargo avwtuient of SCALE? (Constantly on hand Mermen Attention I Sutton's Genuine Cape Ann Oiled Clothing. Double Long Coats, Half Peas, Double suits. Fisherman Juniper. Fisherman Pants. Aprons. leeven, Itnbber Boots, Rlankct ShirtH, Socks, etc. At San Francisco Prices. A Liberal Discount to the Trade. Shin Masten Supplied. II. r. CH.VDBOURNE, Agent. On the Itoadway, near "Water Street. b:. S. J&- jBu R 3X E It, DEALKIt IX Hay, Oats, Straw. LimeBrick, Cement and Sand IVoofl Delivered to Order, Draying, Teaming and Express Business. Horses ana Carriages for Hire. OKAI.ER IX "WINES, LIQUORS AND CIGARS. kikst :laks Notice. SEALED PROPOSALS WILL BE RE celved at the oilicc of the county clerk until noun of April 4th, 18S. for the burial of the dead ;ho may have to he buried at the expense of the county By order or the County Court, d-w tf It. 1L SPEDDEN, Clerk. A M JOHNSON. WILLIAM HOWE -DEALER IX- Doors, Windows, Blinds, Transoms, Lumber. All kind of OAK LUMBER, GLASS, Boat Materia!, Etc. I Boats of all Kinds -Orders from a distance promptly attended S. ARNDT & EEROHEN, ASTORIA. - OREGON. The Pioneer Machine Shop BLACKSMITH SHOP Boiler Shop All kinds of ENGINE, CANNERY, A2TD STEAMBOAT WORK Promptly attended to. A specialty made of repairing CANNERY DIES, FOOT OF LAFAYETTE STREET. ASTORIA IRON WORKS. Bbntox Stuekt, Near Paeker House, ASTORIA. - OREGON. CENERAL MACHINISTS AND BOILER MAKERS. LANDlMiRINEENOINBS Boiler Work, Steamboat Work, and Cannery Work a specialty. CASTINGS. Of all Descriptions made to Order at Short Notice. A. D. "Wabs, President. J. G. Hustlkr. Secretary. I."W. Cask, Treasurer. Johx Fox, Superintendent Wffl. EDGAR, ASTORIA, --- OREGON. Dealer in Cigars. Tobacco and Cigarettes Meerschaum and Brier Pipes, Stationery and Optical Goods, Joseph Rodgers and "Wostenholm GENUINE ENGLISH CUTLER Revolvers and Cartridges. WALTaWI AWD EEGI3T Gold and Silver Watches and Chain Fine and Coarse Liverpool SALT. Tin Plate. Block Tin. Caustic Soda, For sale ex "Warehouse at Portland or Astoria hy BALFOVX, Gl'THSIE & CO. dtf Portland, Or. Barbour's No. 40 12-Ply SALMON TWINE ! CORE AND LEAD LINES, SEINE TWINES. A Full Stock Now on Hand. HENRY DOYLE & CO., Sll Market Street, San Francisco Solo Agents for the Pacific Coast r I, i i iliE&ir AND Bracket Work A SPECIALTY. Made to Order. to, and satisfaction guaranteed in all cases. BUSINESS CARDS. TTJl C. HOLDEN, NOTARY PUBLIC, AUCTIONEER, COMMISSION AND IN SURANCE AGENT. EL.O PARKKB. SURVEYOR OF . Clatsop County, and City of Astoria Office :-Chenamus street, Y. M. C. A. hall RoomJfo.8. TCT . "YVISTON, Attorney and Counselor at Lam. BtB-Offlce In Pythian Building. Rooms 11, 12. ASTORIA, --- - OREGON. TJlY TUTTI.E, M. . PHYSICIAN AND SUBGEONi Office Rooms l , 2, and 3. rythian Build ing. Rf-SIDKNck Over J. E. Thomas' Drug Store. Tjl P. HICKS, PENTIST, ASTORIA, - - OREGON Rooms in Allen's building up stairs, corner of Cass and Sqemocqhe streets. I Q. A. BOWLBY. ATTORNEY AT LAW. Chenamus Street. - ASTORIA. OREGO. Dressmaking. Plain and Fancy Sewing. Suits made in tlie "best Style and Guaranteed to Tit Mrs. T. S. Jezvett. ROOMS OVER MRS. E. S. WARREN'S.! a. A. STINSON & CO., BLACKSM1TH1NG, At Capt. Rogers old stand, corner of Cass and Court Streets. Ship and Cannery work. Horseshoeing. Wagons made and repaired. Good work guaranteed. LEATHERS BROS. BOAT BITItDEKS, Up Stairs Over Arndt &. i'ercnen's Shop. Call and examine the work we are doing and see the wood we aro using, before mak ing a trade elsewhere. FIRST-CLASS WORK A SPECIALTY. FOR SALE ! I offer for sale my ranch near SJtipa non in this County; it consists of 160 ACRES, Eiglitj- Acres Improved, with good dwelling House $ Two Barns, Out Houses, etc.; A Fine Orchard. Everything is well improved and in good condition. A large assortment of Farming Implements, Three lnsscngcr Coaches. One Buggy, Nine Bead Horses, Cattle, nogs, Etc. This affords a rare chance for a man to gei a good home in the oldest settled section in the state. Terms favorable to one meaning busi ness. C. A. MAGUIRE. SOLID GOLD JEWELRY, BRACELETS, Scarf Pins, Chains, Watches, SILVERWARE, Of every description. The finest stock of Jewelry In Astoria. fSy-AU goods warranted as represented. GUSTAV HAN EN, JEWELER. rz