o
o
0RE60 CITY ENTERPRISE.
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President's Message.
TO THE .SKXATH AXI Holsi: OK Rr.l'UlKNTAT!V-
Since the ciiivniiin "1' Cngross. one year ago. tile'
nation has under-,-.ne a prostration in business-a-il
industries siifh us has n..t la-en witnessed with J is
for manv vears. Speculation as to cause lor tl'is
or.strat.Ln lu'.irnt nc inouiven m nmiuui i -
f .. ns. ils manv theories wfrtllel 1C
advanced is
tlnr.i e-.-n!il he indt-lH-ud-.-l.t
writers those WfiO
l th..ir.iuii views without borrowing upon
the subject. Without indulgiinr in theories as to
tiiecuuse of this prosi-ati-.u. I then-lore y. .11 cUl
your attention only to
lions as to v hfc-ii it 'i
trie n.ci. uii-i i --"v-. .
i.uid veiiOIK'rc :
dLsagreenieiit.
HOTlt l-r.!t ANIi
During this pr.stra:l
m ;tai. in i"V cloyed.
i m.. cs-ciitial elements
I
r.rosiM'rit v have been m
t uMlTKiaill laoor ui.il
...r.ir.il "Hotli have b?cli
! a rsjel y u n e m ii o yea
i.up.k ..f-nritv L:lS bct-ll 111
luii'.ted. capital l-.js
ri.r.u'ii.l"l at very modi
rate rats. urioje
h.bor has been wan'.e.i. :l ice occ.. , "T. V , h
dance, at cheap rate- compared with tno-e at v-h eh
theneee-Miri,-' a:L lew tons,, f Pie could be pur
chased with th--wag. demanded. Two ffnat e-mcnt-sof
jfrcsp.-rity. therefore, have not been Uv
liied us. A third might bo lidded:
AN r.I.I.MKNT Tii AT 1-NT IMF.. ;
Oar soil and clhnutc are uye;uailed within
limit- of i,:iv coi,ti-:"iis territory under one
; -:.. .'. :.ri .1-.- of t.rodtU'H t-- feed H
eh. the a i.eo..l.-. and in th amount ot surplu.-
H'Ure to t'e'd less favored
! l.le : theretore v-1
these facts in vicwrit hviu
ship that tliis session or
igrier;n;r tii'- ia-t vyl dt
channels the-.e greuf'cleine!
- I j ine wise SMtem-i
i 11 rev.-, would !
-itiutin-4 in the pr.
:l.- of prir-jx-rity to
people.
lit!. 1 i !....
The lcM abroad i . the only iT'iiictit t.iat can.
with alwavs a .v. and ciiricii.-y. eiiter into our a:lii;rs
to cause liny Continued Ueprcs.-i--.il ill the industries
or j.rosjH-ritv. A givid conflict for iiatio:u:l exist
ence made "iiece.--ary f it temporary purposes the
raising a Luge Mini oi "money trm whatever source
attainable, it was made necessary in the wisdom
of Congress, and 1 do not do..!.t their w isdom in the
premises n-iiarding the iii-ei-sUit-of the timei, to
devise a sy.-tein ot
proved to he Mtipo
.-:) ifTrer;cv which it
!e to
kecT on a par s ith the
recomed e;irr- :n v ot
tl.
i-. i:ized world, lliia
hcol a ).irit of p.--i.l-iiio
gaui-u and in i: i - ii'-i r.
or pro.-erity a peop'e.
rectlv and iiidir.-. tly. f n
i i n vol villi.' f.ti extrava
juired t'r tiie !iappine-s
,:!;d involving. i.:ii di
iii'ie,tcduess. The
currency i-ii.j ot rm-tM
unsafe to le.ld for le'itim
t : 1 1 r value, proved t- !o
! transactions ret-uirin;
je. tot spi-cuiatioii in it
ni'ever. have involved us
money, tin 1 t.ee.-.me a .-uhj
self. Tietwo cause1--, ho
ill 11 fureiell illile'.tedlie-s 1
it:a te! in xxl taitii
bv horrov. er and leu.ie
wl.i'li -lu.uld be pall in
coin and r.(eord:uu' t
the 1 . n. I agreed upon wlieti
tlie'del.t v. as Coi,
'J lie ;oo-l 1 u'tli of
lated towards
t: ii t
i
d or its eiiiuvah-n
kviiiai'-sit cannot be vio---
-inho'i! national dis
siii.iil l be encouraged,
tl carry iui; capacity in
iu.it I'.'r products of tiie
di
prace. Our onine-pe-Aiat-rii-t'.i
-liip huii-liii-'
crea-ed. iv.reiijii inarl;.
soil uiid m.-inii!ae;iiri s. t
tie- end tnal we may ue
nl!e to j.ay tl.c-e d -'.t-. H I.
for the sale of th- proiim ts.
r the matmtactoi y. a ti. u
utilizing our idle i ..pit..! an
tage of tiie whole pe ;.
t market is created
. i;her of the soil, mine
me:i:is is iliscovered L-f
1 h.bor the ndvan-
Tin: t l
But. in inv in l-'iuent. tiie
i.NC V.
tirst
step towards ac
ecure a currency
lis. one which if
one people will
f-omplishin this ot.je.-t.
eod lnrever civiiiati
i f
on ii
it Imi..iii.-s v-nperji.uiidant with
tind a market with -one-other ;
a currency which
has as its t.n-is the Ia!
which will rive us idue.
the recognized iuedi;i:n-
iic'-es.-arv to produce it.
-. . old and silver are now
- of cxclrmjiL' the civilized
v.e -hou'.d ri-turn with the
woil-l over, and to tin
least praeticHb!.- del:' y
American ' '.!-.'rr- w !
S'.'st.lll Wlis iidol.ted
, m vice.' oi the pledges ot tl,e
ii-n our pre--r:t lei;al t'-nder
and our tlebt contracted.
'1 here should be no delay, certainly no unncccssary
dclay. in tixiu: by l.-ni dati-.n a melhod t.y whi.-h
we will return to specie.
To the ai-i ompli.-limt iit of this end I invite yur
special attention. I believe liiniiy thiit tllL-ie can
he no pro-Tou- and permanent revival of business
hud industries until a policy i- adopted, with lepis- ,
lation to carry it out. lookini; t-i a return to a Fpeeie
basis. It is easy to -oiiccive that the debtor atld
t-peeulative ( inI s may think it of value to make a
Nit-ailed money abundant until they can throw n i
iHirtion of their burdens upon others; but even
these. I believe, would be di-appointed in there
suit, if a course should be puru-d w hich will keep
in doubt the value of leiral tender medium of i-x-
hiimre and prevent a revival of productive indus
tries needed oy all i his-es. i.y none more than the
holders of property, of w Latcvcr s.irt, with debts to
liquidate from realla'.iou upon its sale. lut U'l
liiittint; that the two cl.i-s.- ..f eitiens are to be
tKUletited. by e. pan-ion, v. oii'id it be hoiie.-t to u
it'.' Would not thei.'.-iierai lo-s be too ";reat to jus
tify such relief.' Would i: not be more just and
bo":ie-t und prudent to authorize each debtor to
issue his I. v. n l.-.'al tenders t-i extent of his liab'M-
ties than to do this". Would it not Oesater lor l.T
of over is-ue-ibv uns. rupuloii.- credit-us to sav that
all debt obligations no.- obliterated in tiie I'nited
Mates nd now w e covs-mcie e aiu-w. each possess
ing a!l he ha.- at the time tree from all encum
brance'.' The propositions j; re too absurd to be en
tertained lor a liiomciit imnkini,' i'opie. l-.very
delav m j. reparation tor nnal resumption j.artak
of this di.-hoiicstv. A season !1 at last am ve for
the wi.rk of redeeming our pledges. t i-oui
mence. J he time wii! never con-.e, in mvoiiinion
except bv positive action bv I 'iisji-e.-.s. und national
disast--rs which w ill destroy lor a time, at least, th
credit if individuals and the state at T.irire. A
Koiind eurr. nev m:i-1 be rcaehed bv total hnkrii).t-
cy aii'l credit of nation arid ol individuals!? I be
lieve it is in the power of i oiurrcss. at this session,
to devise such b-jj i-hit i.u u will renew conlidence,
revive all indiisti i. s. seit-1 u on a career of proi--writy
to bt-t for many years, ami to savo-thc credit
of the nation and of the people, s-teps toward the
return to a specie basis arc tin jrcat rooiiisites to
this end. dev outly t be sought for, and otHers
which I may touch upon hen-after. A nation deal
ing in a currency below that of specie in value,
laliors under two treat disadvantages: tir-'t, liaviujr
no use for the orld's ackiiwvledi.'ed laedium of
exchange, u'old a;nl silver, tht-it are driven out of
the country be, -au-e there i no demand for their
Use. Secoud. the mediums of exchantre in use be
ins of a f'.iii-tuariiur value. ( f.-r, after all. it is only
worth just what it will pun iiase of pikl and silver,
lm-tals haviiu; an intrin-sM- value, just in j.rojiortioi)
to the honest l.-.'.or it takes to produce tiu-m, Ullage
margin hum be allowed for protit by the manufac
turers and pro.'uieers. It is months from the dr.-.e
of production to .late of realization; interest uj-.u
capital must be chanjvd. find risk of tluctualion i:i
the value of Return: that w hich is to be received Ul
Iayun nt added. H-.-iu-e. bi-.-h j. rices ATtin as "i
j.rutcction to the foiviVn producer who n-vivA
nothing in exchange for trie j.rochtet o4" lus sk
and lahor except a currency. 't at a srable vabf 8
the world over, it seems 'to lue that nothing I 1
t l.-ar. r.ttian.tliat the ereat.-r part ot the burden W
i-siNtin prostration f-.r the want of a sound tinnu- !
-ial system, falls upon tUe work in-niau, w ho must,
after all. produce the wealth, and the salaried man
w ho superintends and conduct business. The bur- 1
den falls on them in two naic by the deprivation
of employment ami by the decreased purchasing
wer of their salary.
It is the duty of i 'impress, not mine, to devise the
method of c-oi rei tiuir the evils which are acknow
ledged to exist; but 1 will venture to surest twoor
three things which seem t- me :i absolutely neces
sarr to a return to specie payment. As a rirt ereat
retiuisite in a return to prosperity, the lcKal tender
clause to the law authonin the issue of currency
by the national lovernmenl yhould be repealed. t"i
take cnect as to all contracts entered into altera
day tixed in the repeal imr in-t, riot to npily. how
ever, to payments of salaries l.y ihe t iovcriiment, or
for other expenses now provided by law to be paid
in currency, m tne interval pending ijctvveeu ro
peal and linal resumption, provision should be
made by wmeli trie .secret tr. ot tne l reasury can
obtain Kohl as it iH-c-imes necessary from time to
time from the date when specie resumption may
commence. To this miht and should be added a
revenue u:Vicie:itlv in excess of expenses to insure
an accumulation of .tol l in the Treasury to sustain
redemption, l recommend tins suojeet to your
careful considerarivn. believing a favorable solution
is attainable, and that if reached by this v'onsrress,
the t.resent and future jienerat ions w ill ever urate
fully remember it as their delivery from a thraldom
of evil and disgrace. With resumption, free bank
ing may te authorized with satety. Rivinj; full pro
tection to bill-holders w inch tney have under ex
isting laws. Indeed 1 would regard free banking as
essential. It would tiive proper elasticity to the
currency, ns more currency should be required for
the transaction of loitate business. New banks
would be starte-d in turn, l'.anks wituld w ind up
their business w hen it was found there' was a super
abundance of currency. The experience and judg
ment of the jK.ople can best decide just how much
currency is required for tii-.1 transaction of the
business of this com. try. It is unsate to b-ave the
Nettloment of this Uc-t:oti to I'onircss. the Sec
retary of the Treasury, or the Kxecutive. 'otipre3
Ehoujd make the regulation under which banks
tuay exist, but should not make banking a monop
oly by limiting the amount of redeemable paper
currency that' shall be autheuized. Such import
ance I attach to this subject, and so earnestly do I
commend it to vour at' ention 1 irive it prominence
by iiitroducinc; "it at ti.e beijinni:!-; of tins message.
Of 11 FoItlloN MK1.ATIONS.
I)uriu the past year nothing has (K'Ciirred to dis
turb the general lrieiidiy and cordial relations! of
the I'nited States w ith e-ther juiwers. 1 he corre-
pon den e-e submitted lu-ri-w ith. between the liov
ernraent and its diplomatic representatives in other
countries, shows a satisfactory condition of all ques
tions between the rnite-d s-tates and most of those
countries, and w ith few exceptions to which refer
ence is hereafter made- the absence of any points
of difference to be adjusted. The notice directed
by the resolution of t'onirress of June 17. ls7j to lc
fiven to terminate the convention of July IT, lv.y,
twen the I'nited Mates and Belgium, has been
jriven. and the treaty will accodinU- terminate on
the find day of Jul ls?:. This convention secured
to certain lSeltjian veels. entering the r-orwof the
United States, exceptional ri viloe-s. which are not
accorded to our ow n vessels, other parts of the
convention have proved satisfactory, and have tend
ed to the cultivation of mutually beneficial e .ia-
mercial intere-oiirse and lriendly relations between
the two countries. I hope that neirotiation, which
has been invited, will result in another treaty w hich
may tend to the interest ot both countries. Our re
lations continue friendly.
During the past year the fear of hostilities be
tween China and Japan, growing out of the landing
of armed forces nw;i the Island of Kormcv-a by the
latter, has occasioned uneasiness It is earnestly
hoped, however, that the difficulties arising from
this caue w ill Ik; adjusted, and that the advancing
civilization in the tnipires may not oe retaroea i
a state of w ar. In consequence of the part taken
certain citizens of the United States in this expedi
tion, our representatives in those countries have
been instructed to impress upon the Governments
of China and Japa.11 the rirrn intention of this coun
try to maintain strict neutrality in the event of hoj-
.-Ji
tiliiies. and carefully prevent any Infraction of law
on the part of our citizens.
In connection with this subject I call the atten
tion of Congress to the generally conceded fact that
the trreater portion of the Chinese immigrants who
come to our shores do not come ostensibly to make
their homes with us, and their labor productive of
gentriii prosperity, oui come under contract with
head men. who own the men almost absolutely. In
a worse form does it apply to Chinese woinen ;
hardiy a perceptible per centage of them perform
honorable labor; they are brought for shameful
purposes, to the disgrace of the community where
they are settled, and to the great demoralization of
the youth of ihoie localities. If this evil Tiraetiof
can be legislated against, it will be my plea-sure as
well as duty to enforce anv regulation to insure kt
desirable an end.
It is hoped that negotiations between the Govern
ment of Japan and treatv powers, lookimr to the
further opening of the Knipire. and to the removal
of various restrictions upon trade and travel, mav
soon produce the result desired, which cannot fai'l
to inure to the benefit of all parties. Having on
previous occasions submitted to tha consideration
of Congress the policy of the release of the Japan
ese Government from the further payment of in
demnity under the convention of Oct. 'Ji, 1SC4, and
as no action has been taken thereon, it became my
duty to regard the obligations of the convention as
lnloree: and as the oilier powers interested have
received their portion of the indemnity in full, the
Minister ot the united hiates in japan nas, in oe-
half of this Government, received the remainder of
tho amount due to tho United Mates under the con
vention of isimono.stki. I submit the propriety of
applying the income of a part if not tiie whole of
this fund to tne education, in tne Japanese lan
guage, of a number of young men to be under ob
ligations to serve the Government for a specified
time, as interpreters, at tho Legation and the Con
sulates in Japan. A limited number of Japanese
youths Tnisrht, at tne same tunc, oe eaucatea in our
vernacular, and mutual benetit would result to both
Governments. The importance of having our own
cltien competent ami familiar with the language
of Japan, to act as interpreters and in other capaci
ties connected wun ine legation anei eousuimes in
that eouutrv. cannot readily be over estimated.
ihe amount awareiea tne uovcrniaeut oi ureal
liritain by the Mmod Commission, organized under
thti provisions of the treaty of Washington, in
settlement of claims of British tujects arising
from acts committed between April IS. 1S-U. and
April 'j, iv.'. became payable under the terms of
the treaty w ithin the " ast year and w as paid upon
the 21st dav of September. 1S74. In this connection
1 renew my recommendation at the opening of last
session of Congress, that a siiecial court be created
to hear and determine all claims of aliens against
the United .States arising from acw committed
uain-t their persons or property during the insur
rection. It. anoears eouitable that an opportunity
hi.nl.l 1... otieied to citizens ot other States to prove
their claims as We'll as to theme of Iiritish subjects
whose claims were not admissible under the late
Commission, to the early decision of some compe
tent tril nnal. To this end I recommend the neces
sary legislation to organize a court to dispose of
rhe.se claims of aliens referred to in an eouitable
aud satisfactory manner and relieve Congress anel
the departments from the consideration ol these
quesflons.
The legislation a ieessarv to extend to the colony
of Ne a foundland certain articles of Uie treaty of
Washington of the Sih day of May, 1871. having
been passed, a protocal to that effect was signed in
behalf of the United States and Great liritain on the
usth day of May last, and was duly proclaimed on
the follow ing day. A copy of tho proclamation is
submitted herewith.
A copv of the report of the commission appointed
under the act of March l'J, 1S72, for surveying and
making the boundaries between the United States
and the British Possessions from the Lake of the
Woods to the summit of the Rocky mountains, is
herewith transmitted. 1 am happy to a:i-
ucunce the field work of the Commission
has bet-n completed, and the entire line
from the northwest corner of the Lake of the Woods
to the summit of the Rocky mountains has been
run and marked upon the surface of the earth. It
is believed that tho amount remainingunexpendetl
of the appropriation made at the last session of
Congress wilt be sullicient to complete the oflice
work, l rccommenel that authority of Contrrcss
bo given to the use of the unexpended balance of
tne appropriation in completion ot the work of trie
Commission in making the report and printing the
nece.-sary map.
I he court known as the Court of Commissioners
Cf the A'tinri.tin claims, creates! by an act of Con
gress ot tho last session, has organized and com
menced iu work, and it Is to be hoped that the
claims admissible under the provisions of the act
may oe speedily ascertained anel paid.
It has been deemed advisable to exercise the
discretion conferred upon the Executive at the last
session, hy accepting the conditions required by
the Government of lurkey for the privilege of
allow ing citizens of the I'nited s'tates to hold real
estate in tho former country, and by assenting to a
certain change in the jurisdiction of the Courts iu
the latter. A copy ot tne proclamation upon these
subjects is herewith communicated.
inere has t.een no material cnange in our rela
tions with the independent states of this hem .
isphere, which were formerly under the dominion
ot Spain.
Marauding on tne ooruers Dc-tween -Mexico ana
Texas still frequently takes place, despite the
vigilance of civil and military authorities in that
quarter. The difficulty of checking such trespass
along the course ot a river oi such length as tho
ltio Grande, and so often fordable, is obvious. It is
hoped the efforts of thi Government will be
seeonduel by those of Mexico to the effectual sup
pression of act of wrong.
I'rom the report upon the condition of business
before the American and Mexican Joint Claims
Commission, made by the agent on the part of the
United Stales, and dated October is, 1674, it appears
that of the 1,017 claims liied on the part of citi
zens of the United states, -is:: had been finally de
cided, and 7.i were in the hands of the umpire;
leaving 4t'.2 to lie disposed of: and of y'JS claims
tiled against the United States, 726 had been linally
deciiied on. One was before the umpire, and 271
remained to lie di-jiosed of, reducing somewhat the
number still iending; others have been passed up
on by the arbitrators. It has become apparent, in
view of these figures, and of the fact that the work
devolving on the umpire i particularly laborious.
Hut the Commission would be unable to eiispose of
theeriiire number of claims jiending, prior to Feb
ruary 1, lsTi. the date fixed lor expiration. Nego
tiations are pending looking to the securing of the
results of the decisions which have been reached
and to a further extension of the Commission for a
limited time, which it is confielently hoped will
suffice to bring all tho business now before it to a
final close.
The strife in ihe Argentine Republic is to be de
plored, both on account of the parties thereto and
from the probable efleets on the interests of those
engaged in trade in that quarter, of whom the
United States are among the principal. As yet, so
far as I am aware, there has been no violation of
our neutrality rights, which, as well as our duties
in that respect, it shall be my endeavor to maintain
and observe.
It is with reeret I announce that no further pay
ment has been received from the Government of
Venezuela on account of the awards in favor of
citizens of the United States. Hopes have been en
tertained that if the Republic could escape both
foreign and civil war for a few years its great natur
al re-ouroes would enable it to honor its obligations.
Though it is now understood to be at peace with
ither eountries, a serious insurrection is reported m
I.uii tl I i J 1 1 i.i i vui ill i
nnu-ri-M in nil iiiioortaiit rci-ion of that Kemibl o.. I
f ,,thr V.-iis..!! !
for delay in the payment of the dues of our citizens.
1 he deplorable stnie in Cuba continues without
any marked change In tfie relative advantages of
the contending forces. The insurrection continues.
but Spain has gained no superiority, bix years ol
strife give the insurrection aslnnificairce which can
not be brnored. Its duration and the tenacity of its
adherents, together with the absence of manifested
power in suppression on the part of Spain cannot
be controverted, and may make some tKisitive
rtepa on the part of other powers a matter ol self-
iiece-ssiiy .
1 hud uon!ilritlv honed at thin timi to tx- en
abled to announce tile arrangement of the imior-
iani question hetweeii this Government aud that of
i-.i.u. uui mo negotiations have been nrotracteiL
The
minuppy
illU'TtilLl 4lisSMisinns nf Surtin iaiii.
inaiul our profound svmnnr.hv n Tit 1 T!!iivf be iie-
cepted as. perhaps, a cause of this delay. An early
settlement, in part, at least, of the questions be
tween the Governments is hoped. Iu the mean
time, awaiting the results of immediately pending
negotiations, I defer a further and fuller communi
cation on the subject of the relations of this country
arid fpam.
EXPATRIATION AND NATURALIZATION'.
I have again to call the attention or Congress to
the unsatisfactory condition of tho state of the law s
with reference to expatriation and election of na
tionality. Formerly, amid conflicting opinions ard
ie-cisieiiB, it Ulilieuil Ul l-IU'l r ilelenr.ito- 1.,,,..
far the doctrine of Perpetual ullewianeo yi ...... i;
cable to citizens of the United States. Congress la
the act of -Tth July, lsc.s. asserted the abstract right
of expatriation as a fundamental principle of mis
Government Notw ithstanding such assertion and
the necessity of the formal application of the prin
ciple, no legislation has beeu had defining what
acts or formnlitit-s shall work expatriation or when
a citizen shall kj decided to have renounced or
nae losi 1113 eiuzeiisiiip. me importance of uch
a eiecisiou i-j oovious. ine
reDrpw-ntjiTivus ,.r Mu
u nited
tate in foreign COUlltrieJI r cAntiiMKll-
called upon to lend their aid and the protection of
the I nited States to persons concerrnmr i!i,.,i
faith or the reality of whoso citizenship there is at
least great question. In some cases the provisions
of the treaties furnish some guide ; in others it seems
left to the persons claiming the benelit of citizen
ship while living in a foreign country, colitributin--m
no manner to tho performance of the duties of a
citizen of the United States, and without the inten-
i,u "j hill- 10 uwuidi- una undertake these du
t:es. and to ue the claims of citizenship of the
I nited States simply as a shield from the perform
ip of the
ance oi ine ooutraucms or a citizen elsewhere. The
status of citUens born of American parents "resid
ing in foreign countries, of American women who
have married aliens, of American citizen residiii"
abroad, where such question is ne.t regulated by
treaty, is a source of frequent difficulty and discus.
sion. Legislation on these and similar questions
and particularly deflning when and under what
circumstances expatriation can be ace-omplished
or is to be presumed, is especially needed.
In this connection I earnestly call the attention
of Congress to the difficulties arising from fraudu
lent naturalization. The Unite States wisely
freely and liberally offers its citizenship to all who
may come in good faith to reside within its limits,
on iheir complying with certain prescribed reasona
ble ami simple formalities and conditions. Among
ine ursiuuufsui mc iiuveiuiueiii is in anoM lirni,
efficient, and effectual protection to all its citizens,
whether native or naturalized. Care should be
taken that a right, carrying with it such support
from the Government, should not be frau-iulentlv
obtaine-d and should be bestowed only upon full
preK.f of a compliance with the law. liut there are
frequent instances of illegal and fraudulent natu
ralization, and of the unauthorized use of certifi
cates thus improperly obtained. In some cases the
fraudulent character of the naturaliiation has ap
peared upon the face of the certificate itself ; in
others, examination discloses that the holder had
by ' not complied with the law ; and in others still, cer-
tirieates have been obtained where the persons hold
ing them not only were not entitled to be natural
ized, but had not even been within the United
States at the time of the pretended naturalization.
Instances of each of these classes of frau i are dis-
covered at our Legations, where certificates of natu
ralization are presented either for the purj-ose
of obtaining passports, or in claiming the protec
tion of the legation. When the fraud is on the face
of such certificates they are taken up by the repre
sentatives of the Government and forwarded to the
Iepartnient of State: but then the record of the
Court in which thev, the fraudulent naturalizations.
-- ..... v - --------------- - ,.,
ure secured, remains and duplicate re rt-aanj .
obtainable. Upon the presentations of these for the
issue of the passports, or on demanding the protec-
of the Government, the fraud sometimes escapes
notice. Such certificates are not infrequently used
in transactions of buiness to the deception and in
jury of innocent parties. Without placing any aa-
.i:.r i , . i .1. A .n tin, s,,f.iiimitl- nf
JlliOUitl oosittcie III l lie aj vl mv, --
citizenship by the worthy and well-intentioned fpr
o gner who comes in good faith to cast his lot with
us. I earnestly recommend further legislation to
punish fraudulent naturalization, ana 10 secure mo
remedy call the attention of record ot every nat
uralization made in fraud. ?j
NEW TREATIES.
Since mv last annual message the exchange has
been made of the ratification of treaties oi extra
dition with Belgium. Kcuador. rem and Salvador;
also of treaty of commerce ana navigation wun
I'ent. and one of commerce and consular privileges
with Salvador; all of which have been duly pro
claimed, as has adso a declaration with Russia wttn
reference to truae maris.
EWKIITS ASH K PKSPITfltES REVEN VE3 BANKINO
FINII.
The report of the Secretary of the Treasury.
which by law is made directly to Congress, and
forms no nart ol this niessaire. win snow ine re
ceipts and expenditures of the Government for the
last Iiscnl ve-ar; me amount received iroin eu.cu souitjo
of revenue, and the amount paid out for each of
the Departments of the Government. It will be ob
served from this report that the amount of receipts
over expenditures has been but g2p:JI4.Sii2 M for the
fiscal vcar ending June :50, 174, and that for the
current fiscal vear the estimated receipts over ex
penditures will not much exceed nine millions of
dollars. In view of the larg-i national debt exist
ing, and the obligations to add one per cent, per
annum to the Sinking Fund, a sum amounting now
to over SSJ.OOi.OOO per annum, 1 submit whether the
revenues should not be increased or the expendi
tures diminished to reach this amount of surplus.
Not to provide for the Sinking Fund is a partial
failure to comply with the contracts and obligations
of the Government. At the last session of Con
gress a very considerable reduction was made
iu rates of taxation, and the number of articles
submitted to taxation The question may well
be asked whethar wisely or not in some in
stances. In connection with this subject, too, I
venture opiniou that the means of collection
of the revenue's especially from imports have been
so embarrassed by legislation as to make it question
able whether or "not large amounts are not lost by
failure to collect, to the loss of the Treasury and to
the prejudice of the interests of honest importers
and taxpayers. The Secretary of the Treasury, in
his report, favors legislation looking to these pay
ments, thus supporting the views previously ex
pressed in this message. He also recommends
economy in appropriations: calls attention to tne
loss of revenue lrom repealing the tax on tea and j
coffee.without benefit to the consumer; recommends
an increase ol 10 cents a gallon on whiskey ; and
further, that no modification be made in the bank
ing and currency bill passed at the last session of
Congress unless modification should become ueces
sary by reason of the adoption of measures for re
turning to specie payment In these recommenda
tions 1 corelially join.
THE JLDICIOLS TARIFF.
I would suggest to Congress the propriety of ad
justing the tariff so as to increase the revenueand
at the same time decrease the number of articles
uiion which duties are levied. Those articles w hich
enter into our manufactures and are not produced
at home, it seems to me, should be entered free ;
those articles of manufacture of which we produce
a constituent part but not produce the whole, that
part w hich we do not produce should enter lree.
Also. I will instance tine wools, dyes, etc. These
articles must be imported to form a part ol the
manufacture of the higher grades of woolen goods.
Chemicals, such as dyes, compounded medicine,
and used in Ivarious ways in manufactures, come
under this class. The introduction, free ot duties,
of such wools as we elo not produce w ould stimulate
the manufacture of wools requiring the use of those
we elo produce, and therefore would be a benelit to
home production. There are many articles enter- .
ing into home manufactures which we do not pro- ;
duce ourselves, the tariff upon which increases iWe
cost of producing the manufactured article. All
corrections in this regard are in the direction of
bringing labor and capital in harmony with each
other and ot supplying one of the elements projerly
so much needed.
THE ARMY.
Tho renort of the Secretary of War. herewith at
tached and forming a part of this message, gives all
the information concerning the operations, wants
and necessities of the army, and contains many
suggestions aud recommendations which I com- ,
mend to your special attention. There is no class;
of Government employes who are harder worked ;
than the armv otlicers aud men, and none who ier- .
form their tasks more cheerfully aud efficiently and
under circumstances of greater privations and
hardships. Legislation is desirable to render more
efficient this branch of the public service. All the
recommendations of the Secretary of War, I regard
as judicious, and I csiecially commend to your at
tention the following: The consolidation of the ;
Government arsenals ; the restoration of mileage to
otlicers traveling under orders; the exemption of
money from the sale of subsistence stores from be- ;
ing "coverctl" into the Treasury ; the use of appro
priations lor tne purcna.se or suusisieiice stores
without waiting for the beginning of tiie fiscal
year for which tiie appropriation is made: for addi
tional appropriations lor tne collection or lorpeeio
material: for increased appropriations for the man
ufacture of arms : for relieving the various Stutes
from indebtedness for arms charged to them during
the rebellion : for dropping officers from the rolls of
the army without trial for the offense of drawing
pay more than once for the same period: for the
discouragement of the plan to pay soldiers by
checks; and for the establishment of a professorship
of Khetoric and English Literature at West Point
The reasons for the recommenelations arc obvious,
and set forth sufficiently in the report attached.
I also recommend tha"t the status of the staff corps
of the army be fixed, where this has not already been
done, so that promotions may oe made and vacan
cies filled a they occur in each graele when re
duced below the number to be lixed by law. The
necessity for such legislation is specially felt in the
pay elepartmcnt.- The number of vacancies in that
department is below the number adequate to per
form the duties required by law.
THE NAVY.
The efficiency of the navy has been largely in
creased during "last year under the impulse of the
foreign complications which threatened us at the
commencement of the last session of Congress.
Most of our efficient wooden ships were put in con
dition for immediate service, and the repairs of our
iron-clads were pushed with the utmost vigor. The
result is that most of these are effective and need
only to bo manned and set in commission to go at
once into service. Some of the uew sloops author
ized by Congress are already in commission, anel
most of the remainder are launched and wait only
the completion of their machinery to enable them
to take their ydaces as part of our effective force.
Two iron torpedo ships have been completed dur
ing the last year, and lour of our large double tur-
------ " . f j a - -
reieu lron-ciaua are now uiiuwj:uiiicri-ja-. i
v nen
tiiese are finished, everything that is needful of our
navv. as now authorized, will oe in condition ior
service, and with the advance in the science of tor
pedo warfare, the American navy, comparatively
small its it is, will be found at any time powerful for
the purposes of a peaceful nation.
SCIENTIFIC AND COMMERCIAL EXPLORATIONS AND OB
SERVATIONS. Much has also been accomplished during the year
in aid of science and to increase the sum of general
knowledge and further the interests of commerce
and civilization. Extensive and much needed
soundings have been made for hydrographic pur
poses and to fix the proper routes ot ocean tele
graphs. Further surveys of the great Isthmus have
been undertaken and completed, and two vessels of
the navy are now employed in conjunction w ith
those of Kngland. France, Germany and Itussia, in
observations connected with the transit of Venus,
useful and interesting to the scientific world. The
estimates for this branch of the public service do
not differ materially from those of last year the
general support of the service being somewhat less,
and those for improvement at the various stations,
rather larger thau the corresponding estimate made
a year ago. The regular maintenance and steady
increase iu the officering of this most important
arm, and in proportion to the growth of our mari
time intercourse and interest, is recommended to
the attention of Congress. The use of the navy
duriug ieace might be further utilized by a direct
authorization of the employment of naval vessels
in surveys of the supposed navigable waters of
other nationalities in this Continent, especially the
tributaries of the two great riversof South America,
the Orinoco and the Amazon. Nothing prevents,
under existing laws, such exploration, except that
expenditures must be maele in such expcelitious be
yond those usually provided for in the appropria
tions. The lield designated is unquestionably one
of interest and one capable of a large development
of commercial interests advantageous to the people
reached and those who may establish relations with
them.
Elil'CATION THE roSTOFKK E.
The education of the people entitled to exercise
the right of franchise. I regard essential to general
prosperity everywhere, and especially so in a He
public w'here both education and previous condi
tion do not enter into account in giving suffrage.
Next to the Public School, the Postofiice is the great
agent of education over our vast territory. The
rapidity with which new sections are being settled.
thus increasi n 1 ho en r-vtii if t b muili in n laore
i rapid ratio than the increase of receipts, is not
alarming. The report of the Postmaster General
herewith attached, shows that there was an in
crease of revenue in this department in 1S73 over
the previous year, of il.f.71,411, and an increase of
cost of carrying the mails and paying employes, of
V..0 11.40.7 '.!. The report of the Postmaster General
gives interesting statistics of his department, and
comparing them w ith the corresponding statistics
of a year ago, show a growth in every branch of the
department,
A postal convention has been concluded with
ew South Wales, n.ri exchange of postal earil ex
changed with Switzerland, and the negotiations
pending for several years past with France have
terminated in a convention with that country,
which went into effect last August. An interna
lionai postal congress was convened in Heme.
e iizeriana. in September lan, t which the United
i. sVa"s represented by an officer of the ost
i CPArt.mecl -f -nmch c-M-erience and ofqual
i iYh,iwr. 1 l.'11""- A convention for the es
itxiJ10"1 J a" international postal union was
t "Pon by me delegates of the countries rep
resented, subject to the approval of the proper au-
i.i.M.iie.- ei nio.-e countries.
fI,iTi1i?l't.full'.'l':.ct yolr a"ention to the report
of the Postmaster General, to his si,r,r...,i
gard to an equitable adjustment of the question of
k., uiukus ior carrying the mails.
THE LOUISIANA CASE.
Your attention will be drawn to the unsettled
condition of affairs in some of the Southern States
i-. . i re-tutuioer iai ine Governor of
s.-;.f "ooii lue. as provided tiy the Con
stitution and laws of the United States, to aid in tho
suppression of domestic violence in that State.
This call was made In view of a proclamation issued
on that day by V. B. Penn stating that he was
elected Lieut. Governor in 172. and calling upon
the militia of the state to arm, assemble ami drive
from power the usurpers, as he designated the ofn-
cers of the State Government. On the next day I i
issued my proclamation commanding the insurgents
, -.1... ,i i ... .i.,.. ,i,
v - - j - -j ......... .....&o,a..,iii i - - - - - - -
uu tuuscijuciiuj icaan-u uini un una ,
taken forcible possession of the State House. Steps :
were taken by ine to support the existing aiul rec
ognized State Government, but before the expira
tion ot the live days the insurrectionary movement
was practically abandoned and the oilicers of the
State Government, with sojne minor exceptions, re-
''-oili.ll a ill 1 Lilt- w .
mmed their powers and duties. Considering that j
ine preseni oiate Administration of iouisiana nas
been the only Gorcrnment in that State for nearly
two years, that it has been tacitly acknowledged and
acquiesced in aa such by Congress, and more than
once expressly recognised by me, I regarded it us
my clear duty, when legally called upem for that
purpose, to prevent its overthrow by an armed mob,
under the pretense of fraud and irregularity in the
election of 1S72. 1 have heretofore called the at
tention of Congress to this subject, stating that on
account of the frauds and forgeries committed at
said election, and because it appears that the re
turns thereof were never legally canvassed, it was
impossible to tell thereby who were chosen but
from tho most reliable sources of information at
my command, I have always believed the present
State oflieers received a majority of the legal votes
actually cast at that election. 1 repeat what I paid
in my special message of February is, I.s7;i. that in
the event of no action by Congress I must continue
to recognize the Government heretofore recognized
by me.
SOt'TIIERK TROUBLES GENERALLY.
I regret to say that with the preparations for the
late election, decideel indications appeared in some
localities in Southern States of a determination by
acts of violence and intimidation to deprive citi
zens of the freednien class of the ballot, because of
their political opinion. Hands of men. masked and
armed, made their appearance ; White Leaguers and
other Societies were formed; large quantities of
arms and ammunition were imported and distri
buted to these organizations; military drills with in
creasingdemonstrations were he-Id, and with all these
murders enough were committed to spread terror
among those whose iKilltical action was to be sup
pressed, if possible, by these intolerant and criminal
proceedings, in soma places colored laborers were
compelled to vote according to the wishes of their
employers under threats of discharge if they voted
otherwise, and there are too many instances in
which when these threats were disregarded they
were remorselessly executed by those by whom
made. I understand that the Fifteenth Amend
ment to the Constitution was made to prevent this
and like state of things, and the act ot May Si,
lh70, with amendments,, was passed to enforce its
provision, the object of this being to guarantee to
all citizens the right to vote, and to protect them ia
the free enjoyment of that right. Lnjoined by the
Constitution to take care that the laws be faithfully
exoeuted, and convinced by undoubteei evidence
that violations of said act bad been committed, and
that a widespread aud flagrant disregard of it was
conteninlateel. the proper otlicers were instructed
to prosecute the offenders, and troops were stationed
at convenient points to aid these otlicers, if neces
sary, in the peiforuianceoi tueir duties. Complaints
are made of this interference by Federal authority,
but if said amendment ami act elo not provide for
such interference under the circumstances as above
stated, then they are without meaning or effect,
the whole system of colored enfranchisement is
worse than mockery, and little better thau a crime.
Possibly Congress may lind it due to justice to ascer
tain by means of a committee w hether the alleged
wrongs to colored citizens for political purposes are
real, or the reporU thereof were manufactured for
the occasion. The whole number of troops in the
State of Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia, Florida,
South Carolina, North Carolina, Kentucky, Teiiiies
see, Arkansas, Mississippi, Maryland anel Virginia
at the time of the election was 4.0N2. Th is embraces
the garrisons of all the forts, from the Delaw are to
the Gulf of Mexico.
ARKAKSA.S.
Another trouble has arisen in Arkansas. Article
13 of the Constitution of the State, which was
adopted in bsCsl, anel upon the approval of whicii
by Congress the State was restored to representa
tion as one of the States of the Union, provides in
effect that before any amendments promised to this
Constitution shall become part thereof, they shall
be passed by two successive assemblies, and then
submitted and ratified by a majority of the electors
of the State voting thereon, tin the 11th of May.
ls.74. the Governor convened an 'extra session of
the General Assembly of the State, which on the
lMh of the same month passed an act
providing for a convention to frame a new Con
stitution. Pursuant to this net, and at an election
held on the 30th Junt, 171, the convention was ap
proved and delegates- were chosen thereto, which
assembled on the 14th of July, and formed a new
Constitution, which provided" for the election of an
entire new set of State olEcers in a manner contra
ry to the then existing election laws of the State. On
the i:Uh of October, 1S74. this Constitution, as there
in provided, was submitted to the people for tiieir
approval or re-jection, anil, according to the election
returns, was approved by a large majority of those
qualified to vote thereon, and at the same election
lersons were chosen to fill all the State, county and
township offices. The Governor elected in 1.S72 for
the torm of four years turned over his ollice to the
Governor chosen under the new Constitution;
whereupon the Lieutenant-Governor, also elected
in ls-72. for a term of four vears, claiming to act as
Governor, and alleging that said proceedings by
which the new Constitution was made and a new
set ot otlicers elected, were unconstitutional and
illegal, called upon me, as provided in section 4,
article 4 of the Constitution, to prefect the State
against domestic violence. As Congress are now in
vestigating the political affairs of Arkansas. I have
declined to interfere. 1 he whole subject of I-.xeeu
tive interference with the affairs of a State is re
pugnant to public opinion, to the feelings of tho-e
from whom their ollicial capacity luu.st. be used in
such interposition ami to hint or those who most
dosiie it Unless most clearly on the side of law,
sueliduterferenee becomes a crime ; with the law
to support it, as condemned without a hearing:?.
KKOM ARKANSAS BACK. TO THE GENERAL eit'EsTlo.W
I desire that all necessity for Kxecutive decision
in local affairs may become unnecessary and obso
lete. I invite the attention, not of Congress, but of
the people of the United States, to the causes and
effects ot then: unhappy questions. Is there not a
disposition on one side to magnify the wrongs and
outrages, and on the other side to "belittle them or
justify them? If public opiniou could be directed
to a correct survey oi what is and to rebuking
wrong and aiding the proper authorities in punish
ing it. a I etter state of feeling would be inculcated,
and the sooner we would have that peace which
would leave the States free iiuleed to regulate their
own domestic affairs. I believe, on the part of our
citizens of the Southern States, the better part of
them, there is a disposition to be law-abiding, ami
to uo no violence eiuier to individuals or the laws
existing. But do they do right iu ignoring the ex
istence of violence iu resistance to constituted au
thority ? I sympathise with their;prostratc condition
and would do all in my power to relieve them, tie
knowledging that in sonic instances thev have had
most trying Governments to live under, and verv
oppressive ones in the way of taxation for nominal
improvements, not giving ncuetits equal to the
hardship imposed, but can they proclaim them
selves entirely irresponsible lor this condition
Thev cannot. Violence has been rampant in some
localities and has further been justified or denied by
those who could have prevented it. The theory is
raised that there is to be no further interference on
the part of the General Government to protect citi
zens within a State where the State authorities fail
to give protection. 1 his is a great mistake. While
I remain Executive all the laws tf Congress anil the
provisions oi tne constitution, liieluduurthe amend
ments added thereto, will be enforced with rigor ;
but I regret that they should have added one jot or
tittle to Executive duties and power?. Let there be
fairness m the discussion of Southern questions
the advocates or both or all political parties giving
hoiu-st, truthful reports of occurrences, condemning
the w rong and approving the right. Then all will
be well. Under existing conditions the neirro
. .1 , tn . i . . . . .
voiea uie leepuuiieau ueii-i. oecau.se ne Knows lus
friends are of that party. Many a good citizen votes
the opposite, not necau.se he Wat variance w ith the
great principles ot t-tate which separate parties, but
because, generally, he Is opposed to liecrro rule
This is a most delusive cry. Treat the negro as a
citizen and voter, as he is and must remain, and
soon parties win ue conducted not on t he color line
but on principle. Then we shall have no complaint
oi secuoriai luierierence.
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE.
The report of the Attorney-General contains vain
able recommendations relating to tho administra
tion of justice in the Courts ot the United States, to
which I invite your attention. I respectfully sug
gest to Congress the propriety of increasing the
number of Judicial Districts in the United States to
oleven (the present number being nine) and the
creation of two additional judgeships. The territo
ry to be traversed by the Circuit Judges is to great
and the business of the courts so trreatly incrcusiu?.
that it is growing more and more impossible for
them to keep up with the business requiring their
attention. Whether this would involve the neces
sity ol adding two more Justices of the supreme
Court to the present number, I submit to the judg
ment oi congress.
INTERIOR DEPARTMENT.
The attention of Congress is invited to the report
or trie secretary or trie interior una to tne lenrisia
tion asked for by him. The domestic interests of
the people are more intimately connected with this
Department than with cither of the other two De
partments oi the Government. Its duties have been
added to from time to time, until they have become
so enormous mat without the most nerlect system
and order it will be impossible for anv Secretary of
mc iiiie-iiui iaj fcixjj uacc oi ui l euuciai umisuciious
Laving ins sanction and done m his name, and lor
wnicn ne is neia personally responsible.
THE PEACE POLICY.
The policy adopted for the management of Indian
affairs, known as the Peace Policy, has been ad
hered to with most beneticial results. Itisconti
aemiy nopeu mat a lew years more win save our
irontier iroui Indian depredations. I commend
the recommendation of the Secretary for the exten
sion of the homestead laws to Indians, and for some
sort oi lerntonai government for the Indian Terri
tory. A great majority of the Indians occiim-in-!-
this Territory are believed to be incapable of maiu-
iKiiuuK uirir hkiiu against ine more ci vinzed and
and enlightened man. Any Territorial form of e-ov
ernment given them, therefore, should protect them
in meir comia ami property lor a period oi tit least
twenty years ; and before it's final adoption, should
oe raiinexi oy a majority oi tnose atlected.
The report of the Secretary of the Interior, here
with attached, gives much interestiinrstArisrir-.il in
formation, which I abstain from giving au abstract
oi, out reieryou to trie report itself.
pensions of 1S12.
The act of Congress, providing the oath which
pensioners must subscribe before tlrawius their
pension, cuts off from this bounty a few survivors of
the war ol ii, residing in the southern States. I
recommend the restoration of this bounty to all
such. Thenumbcrofpersonswho.se names would
be restored to the list of pensioners is not large.
They are all old persons, who could have taken no
part in the rebellion . and the services lor wh-
they were awarded pensions were in defense of the
wnoie country.
AGRICULTURAL THE CENTENARY.
The report of the Commissioner of Agriculture,
herewith, contains suggestions of much interest to
the general public and refers to the approaching
Centennial anniversary and the part his Department
is ready to take in it. I feel that the nation at large
is interested in having this exhibition a success and
commend to Congress such action as will secure a
greater general interest in it Already many for-
.... 'iuiuru ineir
.i . i." .: . uin-uuuii
to tc
.iuvu m n. u luuy oe expected that
civilized nation will be represented.
every
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM.
The rules adopted to improve the Civil s-rrfc- of
Hit re.tVe eii adhered to asloldy r.
. . ... "x'e.ltll MJi I' !) v j -m
',.AS oeca P",1 cable, wih the opposition with which
ine - meet, ine enectoi it has U'eu essentiallbeneti-
tain thP.n u- th,i 5 1 . lm practicable to main
tain tnem without direct and oositivi- minr-oit
of Congress. Geneially the suprthk-h thfi re
form receives is from those who give it their sup
liort only to find fault when tho rules are aooar
ent y departed from. Keinovak horn IfficJ without
v tanT3n ag,ainst ParUes removed, are
lrequently cited as departures from tin- rules
adopted and thetretention of 1 those Gainst w horn
charges are made by irresoonsldTle Sons and
fhVrVA i -them- Ln5ier tnese circumstances,
therelore, I announce that if t'ouim.u n.ii.mrns
anDrlwaWtK.-1-.,ll rerd such action as a dis
t?PfiS I f em- ad will abandon it except
r?,im.M.ul examinations for certain ap
pointees to determine their fitness Competitive
w ho ha e given their services without compensa
rnlafiSf" m f the Board to ev" trulls and
ST, i. o ?t? i e Kweniment of the Civil Service
npc- in thiYJ --' iVe BV?wH.lauch zcaI ftIld t'amest
V, wnT WOk: au,i to them as well as to myself
hinvarroV.n?ior mortification if it is to be
e, rr? Ut I repeat lhat it is impossible to
Son o,;ySt(.m li a.s"ecessful issue without
general approval and ass;stance and positive law to
support it.
THE LAUOR AXIl CAPITAL PROBLEM VARIOUS ELE
MENTS OF THE yUKSTION.
.-tat(Hl thRt .h.e ,clenienu of the prosperity
to the Nation, capital, labor skilled and unskilled,
and products of the soil still remain w ith us. To
direct the employment of these is a problem de
serving the most serious attention of Congress. If
employment can be given to all labor offering it
sell, prosperity necessarily follows. I have ex
pressed the opinion, and repeat it. that the first res
olution to the accomplishment of this end is the
substitution of a sound currency in place of one of
a fluctuating value. This secured, there are mauv
interests that might be fostered to the great profit of
both labor and capital. How to induce capital to
employ labor is the question.
The subject of cheap transportation has occupied
the attention of Congress. New light on this ques
tion will, without doubt, be given by the commit
tee appointed by the last Congress to investigate
ami report upon this subject.
A revival of ship building, ami particularly of
iron sieamsiup ouuuing. is oi vast importance to
our national prosperity. The United States is now
fiaying over si.nyy.ooo per annum for freights and
passage on foreign ships, to be carried abroad, and
exieinls in the employment anel support of other
ports, beyonel a fair per centage of what should go
to foreign vessels, estimating on the tonnage and
travel of each rc.-iicctively. It is to be regretted
that this disparity in the carrying trade exisU, and
to correct it 1 would be willing to see a great depar
ture lrom ine usual course ol ooverntnent in sup
porting wnat mignt usually oe termed private en
terprise. I would not suggest as a remedy direct
subsidy to American steamship lines, but 1 would
suggest the direct oiler ot ample compensation for
carrying the mails between Atlantic seaboard cities
and the Continent, in American owned and Amer
ican built steamers, anil would extend the liberality
to vessels carrying the mails to South American
States und to Central America and Mexico, and
would pursue uie same policy rroni our l'aeiho sea
ports to foreign seaports on the Paeiiic. It might be
demanded mat vessels nuut ior tnis service should
contoriu to a standard lixed by legislation m ton
liage and all other qualities, looking to the possi
bility of the Government requiring them at some
time for war purposes. "Uie right ulso of taking
possession of them in such emergency should be
guarded. 1 oiler these suggestions," believing them
Woithv of consideration in all seriousness uffcctiiur
nil sections and all interests alike. If anvthiiiir
ocuer can ue none 10 uireei trie country into a
course ot general prosperity none will be more
ready than 1 to second the plan.
THE blsrr.KT OF COLUMtSJA
Forwanled herewith will be found the rctxtrt of
tiie commissioners appointed under an act ol Con
gress approved June M. lfc l, to wind up the affairs
of tho District Government. It will be seen from
the. report that the total debt of the District of Co
lumoia. less securities on nan.j and available, Is a
bonded deb tissued prior to July lst.l&7l,$8,S83,iM0 -J3;
favi bonds, under the act of Congress, June JOth.lS74,
J.o.s.s.itKS ,.; ; certificates ot the Board of Audit,
i,i U,.j-) i.y : total, ij,d':,Wi Ji: less special im
provement assessments, chargeable to private prop
erty in excess of any demand ncrainst such assess-
nent, S l.till 054 37 : less Chesapeake and Ohio
anal bunds, S7o"0. and W ashincrtou and
Alexandria railroad bonds, ?.i9,ooo ; in iho hands
ot the commissioners of the sinking fund. tl.
1S,().'i4 o7; leavu g the actual debt, less said
assets. 513,01)1.61:1 24. In addition to this there
are claims preferred against the government of the
District, amounting in the airereirate. reported bv
the Hoard of Audit, to c3.H7.7fo -IS "of which th
greater pan win prooauiy tie rejected. 11ns sum
e-an with no more propriety be included in the debt
of the District govern merit, than can the thousands
ot claims against the General Government be in
luded as a portion of the national debt. Hut the
aggregate sum thus stated Includes something more
than the funded debt chargeable exclusively to the
District ot Columbia. T he act of Congress, of Nov
is, lf7::. contemplates an apportionment between
the United States Government and the District of
-olurnbia in respect to the payment of the principal
and iuU rest of the bonds. '1 he're-fOre, in eorn-
Mitintr with precision the bonded debt of the Dis
trict ot Hie aggregate sums above stated in re-sjK-ct
to me .w..) oorids now issued, the outstanding eertiti
ates ol the Hoard ol Audits, and the unadiusted
Uiuik pendiliir before that Kourd. should be reduced
to the extent ot the amount to be amiortioncd to the
U. S. Government In theuitimrr indicated in act of
(. ongress ol June 'JO. Ifw3. I especially invite your at
tent ion to the rtcoinmcndnlioii of the Commissioners
of the Milking r und relative to the mubiguity
me act ot .iuue -jo, i.s,: m,. interest on the District
bonds and the District. 1 feel much indebted to
the gentlemen who consented to leave their private
atlairs ami come' from a distance to attend to the
business of this District and for the able and sutin-
factory manner in which it has been conducted.
am sure their services will be equally appreciated
bv the entire public.
Ihe accoinpaiiyin? full report of the Hoard of
Health is that the sanitary condition of the District
is verv satisfactory. In m v ooinn in the District of
Columbia should be regarded as the grounds ol" the
National capital in which the entire j-eople are' in
te-reste-d. 1 do not allude to this to urge a generous
appropriation to the District, but to draw the atten
tion eif Congress t frame a law ior the government
of the District to the magnificent scule on which
the citv was planm-d bv the foumlers of the Govern
ment, the manner in which lor ornamental pur
poses the reservations, streets and avenues were iaTd
out, and the protiortion ot the proin-rtv actually
possessed by the General Government. 1 think the
proportion of the exicnse.-i of the government and
improvements to oe oorne oy ine eie-neriu iiovcrn
ment. the cities of Washington and Georgetown
and the county, should be carefully ami equitably
denned.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE MISSISSIPPI.
In accordance with section 3 of the Act approved
June irs, nptiointing a Hoard to make a survey
ot the mouth of the .Mississippi river, with a view-
to determining the be-st method of obtaining and
maintaining a depth of water sufficient for the pur
poses of commerce; and in accordance with an Act
entitled 'An Act to provide for the appointment
ot a Commission of Liigmeers to investigate am
report a plan for the. excavation of the alluvial
basin of the Mississippi river subje'et to inunda
tion." I appointed a Commission of Kngineers,
Neither Hoard has vet completed its labors. When
their rejiorLs are received, they will be forw arded to
Congress without delay.
(Signed) I. . S. (ill.V.IT
Executive Mansion, Den 7, 1S74.
The Difference. The Ikiston and I'liila-
delpbia papers have been indulging in a little
tnenuly controversy regarding the merits of
Hen Franklin as a financier. It seems that
Franklin left 1,000 to the citv of Hoston and
the same sum to the city of Philadelphia, to
be loaned to married mechanics in small sums.
to assist them in starting business, and the in
terest to be compounded from year to vear for
a hundred years. According to his calculation
eacli legacy would amount to 131,000 in a
hundred years, at the expiration of which lie
desired that tho money shoulel be appropriated
10 certain public improvements m the respec
tive cities. Philadelphia's " talent" has onlv
increased, at the end of 8(5 years, to 440.135.
and the Bulletin concludes from this that
Franklin was no ' business king," and that he
hal a very lamr uiHlen-taneling of what monev
can do and w hat it cannot do. But the Uos-
ton Advertiser says it was not Franklin's fault,
but the management of the Philaeleluhia stew
ards, that the sum is not nearer the philoso
pher's calculations to-dav. In 15oston the
cgacy amounted. Jan. 1." 1874. to $182,278.
nearly four times as much as the Philadelphia
fund. During the next fourteen vears. if the
money is com pounded at six per cent., the
sum will reach $-108,300. We shall certainly
leave our money to Doston.
It is hard work, savs the Chicago Tribune, to
get ahead of a determined Western man on a
matter in which principle and pennies are m
volvcel together; especially difficult for the
railroads to fight the masses. The great bore
nowadays is legal fare. Passengers were in the
habit of getting aboard trains and paying
"legal fare." To prevent this, the Chicago,
Burlington and Quincy Railroad devised a
means of forcing passenger to pay full fare.
It was to make them show tickets before get
ting aboarel. At Burlington, the other day, '
a pasenger bought a ticket and took his seat.
lie then passed the ticket out of the window j
to a friend, who also took his seat, repeating
the operation until the carj was tilled up.
When the conductor came rouiul there was I
but one ticket, and legal fares enough to keep
the Supreme Court in continuous session for a '
century. But the value the Burlington husi-'
ne.ss men set upon time is not revealed to us. i
While Captain Drew, agent of the Jamrq
river line of steamers, was sitting in his chair
at City Point a dav or two ago in a stnr ,f
profound sleep, some rascal Stole out of his
month a set of artificial teeth.
EASTERN NEWS.
i
Scientific Explorations.
r a t'rofessor O. C. Marsh and
scientific party arrived here last evening from Had
lanels. south of the Black. Hills The expedition
was verv successful iicistue joeim is "ri
nartv twice when on the way to nauiai us, aci...e
cd a'night attack ou the camp, and otherwise mo
lested them. Jxplorauon weie "'""1"- . "
culties. but resulted in important, uiM.ue-...
About two tons of remains of extinct animals were
collected, among them many new to science.
collection will go to Yale College, and will soon be
described by Prof. Marsh.
Havemaj-er' Iiast Official Ac A Commls-
aloutr unveil irom
vru- w.nr ier s. The last official communica
tion with the late Mayor Havemayer was a letter to
Jas. Bowen. President of the Commissioners of
Charities and Corrections, stating ne was iiuuim
that unusual ami scandalous privileges had been
allowed Win. M. Tweed at BlacKweu s lsianu anei
ailing for a report on trie mauer. jihiui i ..r. .
lav seconded the re-quest and micwi iiiai n nie;
reports were true tney w ere Minicie-iit, si"""'" v
wrirraut me l ounuiwni-i ,vn
This was followed oy tne resignation oi x-emvn
alternoou.
LonjfsJioi" mrii's Strike Kntlrtl.
The longshoremen have had an understanding
with the Walsh lirouiers, leaning -icicuu.
North river, ami a modiricauoii oi mie ui njmj.i-.i-
ation has been agreed to. it is t-iieu-u iwe- u..
will go to work to-morrow.
Tiie Companies Stml Kirm.
The longshoremen of Iloboken ciuh-avored to
effect a compromise with the uremen. iiamourg
and Eagle steainshin companies, nut tne agcius in
formed them no union rnen would hereafter be em
ployed. .
l i.eiiit
Tiiisxell Saw today resigned as President and
Director of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company.
Win. II. Guioii. Vice President, assumed tne dimes
pro (fin. IKUIUS Iiaien. .Managing wneeiui,
nonnces mat a nut repon ui mc e-uuuiuuu ...v
company will be ready lor the stockholders within
ten uays.
Particular of Sag' Uetlrement.
Nr.w York. Dec. 4. A morning paper says the
dissension of the Pacific Mail directors w hich cul
minated yesterday in Sage s resignation, is saiu to
have been brought about by the discovery thut he
was selling calls on the company's stock, it is state'd
that James Low. of Dow, Harrison Co., has been
tendered the Presidency of the Pacific Mail Co. It
is also staled that Kusseil .-uge win retire imm me
Presidency of the Panama Kailroad Company.
llelit-f of tiie Poor.
A meeting was held this eveningat ;he Church of
Uie Holv Trinity for the purpose of discussing
measures for the alleviation of the condition of the
IMior during the winte r.
A Minister in Trouble.
Pnii.Air;i.pHiA, Dec. r. Kev. Thos. Cooper, pastor
oi the s-i Congregational Church ot rranttort.
to day answered te the cr;,7 issued by the Sheriff.
lie is now under uonos in me cm. .kki to
answer a charge of felonious assault and oatiery
upon Flora May Peters, tgea is, aiso oi i
i. - . , . .1... .-...l.- w.l-tl.rtfylT-l '111.
ine cnarge is macic oy me imuv.
suit is a civil one, damages neing nxeu ai cio.ouo.
Members of Cooper s Church believe mm to oc in
nocent.
Striking among tiie Potters.
Xew York. Dec. 4. The long impending strike
in the potteries of Trenton, N. J., began yesterday.
The establishments of Yates, Benedict and Alien J.
Moss were closed. The employers guaranteed w orb.
for the winter at a reduction of 10 per cent ; em
ployes refused, with above result. The movements
oy tne employes seem oniy individual, anei uoi j.ai i
of a concerted action.
Poisoning of a Wliole Family.
Sckantox, I'a., Dec. -1. A man named I.udwig.
wife and iufant child were found in beel to eiiiy,
the parents dying from poison. The wife dieel w ith-
out returning to consciousness; tiie hu-tiaiid re
vived long enough to say he had been given some
thing to drink, but iefused or was unable to tell by
whom. I lie child is still living, suitering.
Destructive l-'lrc.
Doykk, Del.. Dec. 4 The large canning factory
and jelly works of J. S. Collins tt Co. lA.-banoii,
Delaware, burned lost week. Loss, ;i.;0 ,oo i ; luuy
insured.
The Dridli Penalty.
New York. Dec. 1. Albeit Jackson anel Lewis
Jarvis, found guilty of the murder of Samuel Jones,
at bouth Oyster Day, Long Island, were yesterduy
scntcnccd to be hanged on the l."th of January.
Another Alaim lit LouUluim,
Chicauo, Dee. 4. A Tribune's Washington special
says : l here are rumors here, credited oy persons
well informed as to ihe condition ot anairs in Ijoui-
siana, that another resort to lorce is contemplated
by McEneryites. The story is, that in January they
intend to seize the State government, impeach the
leading state otlicers, and overthrow Kellogg' s su
premacy. Durt-ll's St nleiiieiil of I lie ( ac
Judge Durell is now in this city, and was inter
viewed bv a Triuitur retiorter. He is represented as
saying that he is the victim of party exigencies.
The head and lreiht tit his olloinlmg is the literal
construction of the enforcement act a bad law,
known to him as such, passed by a kcpublican Con
gress seeking to jierpetuate the Republican party
which he lound on the statute books and execute-d
impartially. He gave in detail his objections to the
law, whie.i were strong as its worst eueinie-s could
desire. He said that when its unpopularity and in
expediency had l-een exposed, he was deserted by
those who passed it, and accused bv them of having
overstepped his authority.
Another N'eplicw.
A dispatch to the Hrraht says that Walker Fearn.
appointed as Dure'.l's successor, is a relation by
marriage of the l're-sident.
Pacific Mall Jlagnate Airing tlielr .Soiled
Linen.
Kkw York. Dee. 5. Kufus Hatch is not included
among the Directors believed to have been engaged
in selling Pacific Mail stock short. The chief sin
ners were Hajre fc Osborne. The latter sold as broker
for Jay iould. who has long been a heavily loaded
bear. Hatch denounces Sage bitterly, declaring he
was kicked out of the Presidency. Trenor W. Park,
a Director of the Panama Kailroad, thinks .Sage
must re-sign that Presidency also. He savs the Isth
mus Kailroad Company does not depend" on the Pa
cific Mail Company for business, but would put on
their own vessels immediately if the l'aei;ie Mail
Company should withdraw from the route. The
supjiosition that a combination had been effected
between steamers and overland railroads was er
roneous, and the thing was less probable siiie-e the
withdrawal of .Sage, t-teamers advanced the rates
moelerately because they were unreasonably low.
They could command a good business at the ad
vance despite the railroads.
New Yokk, Dec. 5. The' Pacific Mail discussion
continues to be the sensution in Wall street. Inter
views with Kufus Hatch and Kusseil fcage ore pub
lished to-day, each accusing the other of wiliful ly
ing, being concerned in short speculations and us
ing his ollicial iosition to further speculation plans.
Iiichard 15. Irvin. former agent at San Francisco,
has arrived to answer the Company's suit against
him lor $7."0,ooo which he says he expended at the
instance of the former management to procure a
Government subsidy, should he tell all he knows
relative to that expenditure a seusation is promised
iivaling the Creelit Mobilier.
Wool Growers Protest against Reciprocity.
New Yor.K, Dec. 5. A protest against the pro
posed ree-iprocity treaty is about to be issued by the
National Wool Growers' Association.
Something " In Store " for Soutli Carolina.
New York, Dec. 5. South Carolina advices say
the inaugural of Governor Chamberlain promises
all that the Conservatives could ask. It is believed,
if the Legislature carries out its recommendations,
better days are in store for that State.
Kittl of tiie Longithurriiiou'ii Strike.
Nr.w York, Dee. 4. A nuniber'of longshoremen
at Iloboken have geme to work, having accepted
the reduction, others will go to work to-morrow.
Brooklyn longshoremen agreed lost night to work
at a reduction for night work, but refWt-'i to work
with non-society men. This debars them, and
trouble is apprehended. A large force of police is
on duty on tne river front.
New York. Dec o. The strike of longshoremen is
now considered at an end. The companies have
all the men they want. The new hanels bv practice
have become as expert as the olel one's, and under
these circumstances the companies have resolved to
not employ society men under any circumstances.
A Vain Trick Foreshadowed.
Kkw York, Dec. 5. Washington dispatches fore
shadow the early favorable action on the House
bills for the admission of Colorado and New Mexi
co, with the object eif adding four Iiepublican Sen
ators and two Congressmen to the present bodies.
A Graage Project.
St. Louis, Dec. 5. The Executive Committee of
the Missouri State Grange, w hich has been in ses
sion here for several dys past, adjourned to-dav
after transacting considerable business. It adopted
a resolution favoring open trade between Mississip
pi Valley and Brazil by steamship lines, asking
farmers of the alley to aid in supporting the en
terprise. The resolution savs it is the duty and
lolicy of farmers to induce shipments by river
southward instead of by rail eastward.
Itreak lietween Iron Puddlcrs and Manu
facturers. riTTsncr.G, Dec. 5. Owing to a disagreement in
convention between iron midrilprs mid minnr.
Hirers to-day. ull mills except two or three will
suspend work on - Monday. The manufacturers
have decided to reduce the rate from SO to &" per
ton for puddling, which reduction the workmen re
fuse to accept.
Fast Kunninxr.
New Orleans, Dec. 5 In the Louisiana Jockev
Club races, Bilox won the first race, hurdle handi
cap, -J miles, for a purse of VX). Time. 3:;. Daltn
kol won the second lace. )i miles, for a purse of
S-.O0. 1 ime, 3:10. Lotta Moore won the third race,
r. ages, purse of T00, mile heats. Time 1:12,
HoJS: C rown Prince second.
Kxploaion of a Locomotive.
Coi.rMiir.s. Deo. 5. A locomotive exploded at
Delaware on the Cleveland, Columbus. Cincinnati
fc Indianapolis railroad, to-dav. injuring the en-g'.nt-er.
Y m. Hutchings, and killing his son, who
was acting as fireman.
The Latest 'Outragc."
Mwn;oxr.uY, Dec. o. The State Senate ousted
Mil.er (Kep.) and seated Martin (Dem
Miscellaneous.
PlTTSBfRei. Dec. 4. A largo le.rce of men under
thesui-ervision of Superintendent Creigbtoii. of the
1 eniisylvania Kailroad, appeared at Power's Run
this morning and cut the pipe of the Columbia Con
duit Company where it was laid under the track of
the West Pennsylvania Kailroad, putting a stop to
present operations on the part of the pipe company.
m. niLADtmuA, liec. 4. l ne congregation ot i;ev.
Mr. Cooper have nublished a. card pxiiresainrr conn
St'nce in his integrity, and a standing committee,
?-KV,npv.forra-.ncl in eJial'of thc Congregational
Church of rrankfort, express unlimited confidence
in his virtue, integrity and Christian life and char-
Katal Casiian y.
Fall River, Mass.. Dec 4 a
occurred this afternoon near m'dHTl-jle acc!nt
the Old Colony Kailroad Urnnsnv i where
a bridge over Taunton R A I OI'StTin5
were engaged sinking a , workmen
f-.rm a ionion of the Tier tV.leaUc cr"nder to
air lock, to which the lower wTr "a"Pe of the
with the cover,, was blown rf, cured. together
in the cylinder. Enrht m?vlby pressure of air
i nree were killed outright oni ft-iT " c ner.
Piously I'Thotfc
WASHIXGTOX CITY.
California Ii;l-tno7i7e ad Fog Si,.
Washington. Dec. 3. The I iK.t SMU
made a report to-day recommend .k? Boar
devoted to a light at Point SLfw 5 11181 $r,'tK e
coast of Call foPnia" that the lht Sr i? he "PP
be exhibited during the present L?LZiUt Firmi"
for that purpose bein "nrty In ?Jer7thin
sum of 000 is asked for t?e purpXSaWi Jlie
a steam fog s gnal at riedr Viut, establishing
most.impoitantgpointson totof cwSJn, "
The importance of Point stur nr w7-- ufornla
as a lighthouse she btr' f taulbrnia coast,
erection " there of a iWhoT "v The
companying buildings? 4 bH; 7 ?c"
operation. As nearly a- eA iL Si . "pensive
will be SlOO.ooo. An lw&Jgto t
to begin with. The wortPS? esub.ithin'0 U ask
fog signal at Point Montora will a Steam
menced. Twelve thou-S do ars Ji re
electing a station for keepers at Point Bonhil
as plans are prepared the construction of &l
house and fog signal on the eastern extrem r '
erba Buena Island will be taken in "htnd f
Preparations for K,n? Da-rid Ke'eeptlon
at Washington.
Washington, Dec. 4. The President bus
officially notified yet of the arrival at si.fV.-a,1 len
of King Kalakana. No anannfrats V,aco
decideel upon as to his reception It sort),?,u,
that during to-day formal messages "nff
tween Secretary Pish arid the representatives"f
King at San Francisco. The ilawahau Mi s e
Mr. Allen, who came here to arrange for the reei-tV
tion of the King, has been absent from the citv
tor some days; consequently the Government is
not fully informed as to his wishes in regard to the
Kings reception. There is much rivalry between
proprietors of hotels to secure the presence of the
King and his suite at their respective establish
men ts during his visit. ' q
Attention to Kdiig David.
W.VSIHS..TON, Dee. f.. An officer of the arrnv o
navy is to be appointed to look after the comfort e.i'
the King of the Hawaiian Islands and suite Dur
ing their sojourn in Washington they will be located
at a hotel, the Government paying the expenses
The President will entertain the King at a. state din
ner. In addition, courtesies will beexten led to hiru
by the Secretary of State. This will be the first
visit of a king to Washington.
Indictments Against the Safe
Overturned.
Burglar
Washington, Dec
. A full bench of Judges of
this District to-day decided that the late grand jury
which iiulieted the alleged safe buidars was ilWni.
grandTury a"iC4tiI,.!frefore ' by iW
Some CorresponIentCliip-3 Iu.
Washington, Dec. o.Sargciit.Houton and Paee
have satisfied your regular ceirrespondent here that
they opposed sending bricks by rail from Baltimore
to San Francisco, this is their present position
Originally they favored Cue scheme. Orders have
now gone out to advertise proposals in California
.or furnishing pressed brick and stone, that the Sec
retary of the '1 reasury may determine (which of
the?) two materials ishall be used'.'i for the new
Appraisers' building.
Injrnll-.' CTiunces for Promotion.
Washington, Dec. 5. -Bumor says that Cien. Irwin
McDowell will lie appointed Minister to Itussia. lie
is ut an age -t which lie may go on the retired list.sud
it it is decideel that he can on his return resume his
place in the army retired list, it is said lie will ac
eept. 'Ihe vacancy which his retirement would
cause in the list of Major-i ienerals on the active li-t
would, it is said, be filled by the promotion of Brig.-
Jen. Me-ij;s. now Quartermaster-General, and this
place can then fall to lien. Lufus Ingails, whom the
President strongly wishes to put there.
Vice-President WIImjii, Matt. Carpenter
and the Presidency of the Senate
Chicago, Pec 5. A Washington sjiecial, speaking
of Yiese-Pre-idcht Wilson's presence at the Capital,
says lie does not intend topicsideduiiug the session!
but will re-lire from the Chair after proceeding a fe w
days, which will necessitate a nw election of a
President pro tern. Carpenter's tenure of office ex
pires soon as the Vice-President takes the Chair. It
is said there is a determination on the part of the
Senate not to re-elect Carpenter,
z Some Quarrels IJrewln?,-.
Chicago. Dec. 5. An Int-r-O.in special says:
"Senators West and Flanagan and several ethers of
about their standing in the Senate, are making
tierce declarations against Postmaster General J -e-11.
Flanagan communicated his deep displeasure
at an early day following the investigaii'.ns iu
Texas and the discharge of some of his iost:natcrs.
West is aggrieved because a man named .sto.'ieaker,
whom West had pensioned on the Dc-partiacul as a
special agent, was dismissed. .Now these gentle
men, with the friends of some other disuiis.-e-d ofli
eers, are boosting 'hat Jewell will not be- conKnued.
A majority ot Senators, however, laugh at these
threatenlngs. They say Jewell will be confirmed
without show of serious opposition."
BV ATLAAT1C CAULK.
Quarantine.
London". Dec. About :V.1 passengers of the
steamer A!!ittfor!. who left on thut vessel for
Liverpool before it was discovered she had smalliox
on board, embarked o;i the steamer UlinuU for
Philadelphia, but a final examination proving un
satisfactory, were flgiiin landed and are now tempo
rarily located in the Liverpool Workhouse.
Loks of the I.. i Plata Explained.
London. Dec. 3. Siemens Bros, write to the 7Vi"
explaining the loss of the steamer I.a i'Vita. Ihe-y
say a heavy sea. which carried away two boats and
tore out the davits, lnade large h.le-s in the steam
er's sides. The water came through the o(eniiig in
large volumes and soon extinguished the tires, a hen
the machinery ceased to work and the ship was
helpless.
A Caiiist Success.
Lvn'Ion, Dec. 3. A telegram from Carlist sources
says Gen. des Pujols, commanding a large body i f
Government troops in Valencia, lias been tot.-.lly le
feated by Carlists and obliged to retreat to Morella.
Loss", t'.oj killed and wounded ; 4VJ prisoners.
Onrilmldi Pensioned.
A dispatch to the $:ni' from Rome, cntioune. s
that the Chamber of Deputies have iiiianim u-)y
passed a resolution in favor of granting au annuity
to Garibaldi.
Not s-iioy Matcher.
London, Dec. I. The Tuu. c-Knru speciality
thc Government is satisfied that the Groallor pris
oner is not Nena Sahib. Yakiah Khan is ;u tluse
cotiliiieuieiit at Cabool.
Pius IX and Kreemnsonry in Brazil.
Komk. Dec. 4. The Pope has absolutely refused
to recommend Bishops, imprisoned in bniZil. to re
sign their Svics as a measure of reeoticihu.'iea oi a:l-
ferences with the government.
Warm Discussion in thc French Assembly.
Paris, Dec. 5. The National Assembly lias bf"
engaged in an exciting debate during the pt iwo
davs on a bill supported by the clerical ''elnU!t..
for" freeing the university from the control ui uc
State. Tiie principal speakers were Birhop b"!"1",
loupe, Lcgitimatist, and Chalemel Lacour. I"1'
deputy for Bonches DuBhoiie. Duj. anion r'- in
course of his remarks to-day, pa-sionate.y
that dang r to society was to be apprehend' ln- ,
the friends of those "who favored the slioot.r.i.
the Archbishop of Paris. This remark pcc-
a great tumult in the Chamber. I'pou the re i'
tion of order, Chalemel Lacour retorted -V'
Bishop Dupanloupe in a speech of great titte: r.i .
He said he left such personalities to the J-",1!;",-,,
of honest men those who had some r.- r.
the diirnbj- of the Fiench cpiscopau.. m ,
conclusion of the discussion the bul passe i
reading by a vote of Xi against L'.
The St. Pi-trisliurg Congress.
St. PnTKitsBVR.:. Dec. 5.-T1.C Kalian Royy.j
ment has sent notes to various Powe""lV '" "to tv
to participate in a conference to be held i lir w
sumc the discussion of the question subo."lt
the conference lately held at Brussels.
Miscellaneous Xews.
Lonixin. Dec. 4. A ship, supposed to be - the " '
otc Suiukrlaml. for Bombay, luus burned at .e
twent v six of her crew perished. . . f;v-
Five fresh cases of small;ox are rerrted i-.-erpool
workhouse, among the steerage passe -the
steamer .-tWof7xfbr. . f Tri:ii'
Sir Arthur Hamilton Gordem, formeri . rf0;
dad and Mauritius, Las been appointed Ue.ei..
the Fiji Islands. , O,,mi.!::;o'.
Twenty rifles and bayonets, with an
have been seized in Coik, and one ma"
arrested. , .,,; that P"
The fvireign oflice has dispatches sut "s
Livingstone's journals have reached '-a1"-" v. ;.
A telegram to the St-nxlant from -Ma.i.i
arreMs i1:lvc beeu made in connection
cent mutiny.
SOUTH AMKltlC A.
. .. ,,.i...iiiu Enilol
Tli Argfiilin . rMV!V,d m
Baiii, Brazil. Dec. -Intelligence is r- 'A:. I
i,onf ti. i... lusi,.n of peace bete-(" ' t;. It
the a- ft
t'rv'.a 1
gentine Govern ment and Gen. j'u-.y. .
oilicers and soldiers, nas oeen Lrv
it is reported that a serious revolution a-
out in craguay.
Cien. Mitre Surrenders-
Bt'FNos Ayuks. Dec. 4.-I1 oflicJaHy w
that Gen. Mitre has been defeated. ,n f.rov
closely pursued by Govcrnme-nt fe.M-. . tea. B
terms of capitulation which w?"5 rej arwr.
finally surrendered unconditionaby 1!mm.
Peace has lieen restored in the P ,"' t of Pa"'
Ayres. Government troops ar . m pur. - f uj.
doiida, vhoeiJiarliasJ
WEST IX1JIKS
Sinking of a fa"nlh ,
Havana, Dec. 4.-The Spanish out
noma Brooks, from Santiago "H.joVrilM. r.e
namo, struck yesterday mornin on-.
Uuantanamo, and sank rmmediateij .
were lost.
, . ... Jee't-
The Rev. William II. Fclton has
ed to the next Congress in Oeori- . Juli
ner verv similar to the election ot i r Jt
II. Seefve, in Massuchuseiw- tVS' :n T V;n
Independent Democrat, elected in .
cratic district, and Dr. Seelye w an , InJI
ent Republican, elected m a .H' lils '
trict. iloth vee suported at trie I f.J u:
protest against the decrees of cauc.u ..
as known, these two are the onH
in the membership elect.
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COURTESY CF BANCROFT LI5RARY
RY,
UNIVERSITY CF CALIFORNIA.