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About The Oregon scout. (Union, Union County, Or.) 188?-1918 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 3, 1889)
AIDS TO EDUCATION. An OliloMrhnol-.Hnster'sMaMind of Tench-Iiir- English Grammar. Whtlo the leading educators of Dis triut No. 42, Sedgwick County, Knn.. arc engngea in an earnest effort to bring tholr school to a higher point of emciency oy the use of the slow mntch and shotgun, some other parts of tho country aro not idle. Jackson town ship, Hnncock County, O., has been hoard from. Thn nrnhl )hio instructor of youth located there was ooen at work on Is that of com ilulsory education. This subject is fno which, as wo nil know, is far from being settled satisfactorily. Laws aro passed that all children must nttend school, but even if thoy can be en forced, it does not follow that all chil dren will study their lessons diligent ly and bo ablo to make a showing sat isfactory to tho conscientious and painstaking teacher. To accomplish this end has been left for the Ohio in structor referred to. Tho advanced grammar class was on tho floor nnd ho called on ono of tho boys to explain the exact relation which tho participlo sustained to tho various parts of speech. Tho slothful but unsuspect ing youth was freo to admit that ho could not do so. On hearing this ln mentablo confession tho Jackson town ship educator drew a slung-shot from his sleovo and struck tho misguided young man a couple of light blows. With the slow Stitch, tha shotgun and tho slung-shot well established among our educational appliances America may well make a now boast of her gTeat public school system. What measure of popularity tho common leather and lead slung-shot may obtain as a means for impressing English grammar upon tho ficklo mind of youth it is too early yet to say. It certainly does not look encouraging for it. when wo learn in tho course of tho dispatch bringing tho intelligence of tho wholo affair that its iirst user has had his license to teach revoked by an unsympathetic board of examin ers to whom tho beauties of tho slung shot aro a a sealed book. Hut its promoter, Mr. John Walters, has many things to console him as ho sees an or dinary teacher installed in his place. Galileo heard as good men as reside in Jackson township ridicule his tele scope. John Walters may yet livo to conduct a gramm ir publishing house and announce prominently in his ad vertisements a line slung-shot with every volume. Mr. Walters' ideas on educational subjects aro what may properly bo called advanced. He thinks that tho teacher should not only bo ablo to offer tho pupil instruction, but also bo prepared to see that ho takes it. It is all very woll, he argues, to assign a pupil a lesson on the subject of partici ples, but it is bettor to see that tho lesson is impressed on him so that lie will not forget it, even if it takes a now slung-shot every dny. Our Ohio friend's idoal teacher is ono who.whilo the scholars are at their books, throws his feet up on his desk, draws on a pair of brass knuckles and calmly uses a largo jack-knife in tho guiso of a toothpick till recitation timo. Then ho calls tho class to tho floor, gets out his text-book and other weapons and proceeds to drivo tho children in trusted to his care along tho flowory paths of learning on a fast run. Give Prof. John W. Walters a common school grammar and a good slung shot nnd ho will ngroo to carry tho rulos of syntax to tho dullest pupil. All is novelty, all is excitement with tho Walters' Method of Teaching En glish Grammar. Tho ordinary instruct or approaches tho weary student with tho dry and uninteresting facts con corning participles and their relation to other words; it is true that Prof. Walters comes up to him with tho same facts in ono hand, but ho is reaching into his boot for a six-ounco slung-shot with tho other. Tho effect of tho Jackson township idea of com pulsory education on our school sys tem will bo watched with interest. Ered. H. Carruth, in Texas Siftings. Romantic Heligoland's Doom. Oklahoma squatters aro complain in'; that tho new lnnd-olllco is "pulling tho ground from under their feet," but the literal meaning of that phrase is at present Illustrated on the island of Heligoland, whero a stormy sea re cently toppled over a largo cliff, to gothor with its top, stratum of pas tures and cottnges, ,id at tho samo time revealed tho existence of a cliff undermining at least one-third of tho remaining scant area, which has now been reduced to a littlo loss than ono third of an English squaro mile. Year by year tho sea encroaches upon the rocks of tho west shore, but tho full extent of its ravages was only lately ascertained by tho discovery of an old map, showing not less than eighteen Jlfferent villages, with castles, forts and monasteries, where tho water now covors tho submarine rocks to a dopth of half a hundred fathoms. Llko tho island of St. Holenn, tlteqliffs of Heligoland rise nbruptly from an ocean abyss, which more than probably will swallow up tho last broakwator beforo tho middle of tho next century. Albany (X. Y.) Journal. Light colorod fruits, such as pears, poaches and applos, should bo dropped into cold water as thoy aro pared. Thin will prosorvo tholr color, but they must not bo kopt thero long, or tho llavor will bo destroyed. It is not so important to keep ponchos a light color as It is poars. In all prosorvos thero is danger of tho juice of the fruit reducing tho sirup; it Is woll to let It romain uncovcrod for twenty four hour, and then if tho sirup U found thin, p-vir it off and sgald njuln. THE GERMAN WAITRESS he Works Hard. rllrU (Ji-nc roinl.r, nnd It a Ooud Ileal of (rl. The German wnitress is not an at tractive young woman. She is broad shouldered, thick-set and plain. She has rough hands, big feet. She is oftener thnn not pigeon-toed. She wears no dainty little cap, as does the English waitress. She has no clean apron or nor buttonhole bouquet, as have tho waitresses in tho coffee nnd cake rooms in America. In her wardrobo is no tailor-made suit which she can wear to the theatre on her night off. Her gowns do not fit her. Her hair is rarely in order. Her hands aro nevor clean. Nevertheless, she Is the subject of more romance than a dozen French, English and American waitresses. Lieutenants smilo on her. solid uni formed government officials make love to her, and nrtists draw delightfully pretty misrepresentations of her for tho comic weeklies. Her nnmo is carved upon tho desks of the university lec ture rooms. All sorts of proper and im proper verses are written nbout her by gay students in fancy caps and top boots. Littlo sketches of her face adorn odd nooks and corners all over the uni versity buildings. Tho waitress shows her appreciation of all this attention by giving all stu dents most generous measures of beer and an occasional kiss when the land lord isn't looking. Every waitress has her pet student. Ho always gets tho cosiest corner of tho best table, tho finest bit of liver sausage, and tho largest piece of mangled steak. Sho knows his special beer mug as well as she knows his face, and tho moment he appears sho has it filled well up above the one-pint mark of tho imperial government. She sweetens vach mug of beer for him by taking tho tirst sip from it. She chats with him about university matters while he eats. Sho learns in just which duel ho got the scar over his loft eye. who laid open his right cheek, what kind of stroke nipped off tho missing piece of his nose, and when that big chunk was cut out of his chin. She knows his in tention to step on tho toe of the cham pion swordsman of tho Souvian duel ling corps or to call the President of tho Saxon duelling corps a pup. It is a long day for her when he gives satis faction for these insults on the students' field of honor. Whei. he comes back to her, however, battered, bandaged and smelling strong of iodoform and bal sam, sho is just as proud of him as a woman can be of a man. Tor eleven months of the year, how ever, tlie waitress uaiiy me is a nam and dreary routine. She gets ridicu lously small wages for working four teen or fifteen hours each day. Often enough she receives only the small tips of tho persons sho serves. Sometimes she must pay for tho privilege of re taining these tips. She must remem ber an infinite number of details. She must know the owners of every one of threescore or more beer mugs on tho shelves at the head of the big room. As soon as he comes inside of tho door sho must call to mind whether ho drinks lion brew, or court brew, or Culmbacher, or Wurzburgor, or local beer, in which corner his favorite placo is, and how much froth below tho four tonths liter mark he will take without complaint. Of course, all German wait resses do not always remember all these details, but a typical German waitress rarely forgets one of them. The German waitress is a pitfall for foreigners. Within limits an increase of tips secures an increase of servility from a German waiter. A German waitress, however, pockets an Ameri can's ton-cent gratuity without turning a hair, although sho may have expected only a cent or two from him. A tip of twolvo or thirteen cents sho regards as evidence that tho young man who gives it is very evil-minded or a fool. In short, sho accepts all kindnesses and consideration in much the samo way as a Third avenue shop girl accepts tho seat a man offers her in an elevated railway car. Men who know the Ger mnn waitress well aro very fond of her. Foreigners who do not know her at all are still fonder of her. Every one else fights shy of her. X. Y. Sun. m 1 - Where Salt is Taxed. In every country whero thero has been a tax on salt cruelty and oppres sion have followed in its train. In France, under the government monop oly known as tho gubelles, tho law was most severe. In tho fifteenth century French history shows that hundreds of men were executed for salt smuggling. In tho time of Louis XIV. almost ev ery year some three hundred smugglers were sent to tho galleys for life. In China, whero salt is ono of tho most important sources of imperial revenue, a breach of tho salt laws i ivolvos fear ful penalties. Tho offenders aro soma times Hayed alive, their smuggling junks aro confiscated and sawn asun der, while a crucified or impaled boat man is lashed to tho mast as a warning to others. Tho Chinoso jails aro full of men lingering on undor trial, or in vain hope of being brought to trial, for! offences against tho Stato salt monopo lies. Hluckwood's Magazine. Too Much of This Nonsense. Sink (of tho firm of Sink & Swim) Well Mr. Gilhooly, wo don't neod a man just now: but II you will work for the salary we havo spoken about I will hire you on ono condition. Gilhooly I accept. Name it. Sink That you will not havo tho dally papers announce that you have accepted a very advantageous offer from Sink it Swim." Judge. ' am. Does n horso cease to bo hcrvlbor out whan it is anting itt na head off? -X. Y. llomld. OMENS. 1 Superstition PrTIIInc In Various Qt the Old World. rarU Of all superstitions, medical ones are perhaps those endowed with most vitality. People of all times and all ages, including even thoso of the nineteenth century, of which wo nr all so proud, have always attached too much importance to the opinions of their medicine men. Hut the middle ages was the time for tho currency of puro and unadulterated medical super stitions. tThe- media'val doctor must have added another terror to death as his advice certainly increased its probability in illness. To wear a dead man's bones was thought an excellent specific. To eat the first Easter dalsv that could be found, and receive the QUEER MEDICAL benediction in three different parishes ; Ho once swallowed a lump of arsenic on the same Sunday, was still a more , large enough to have done the business potent remedy. To steal a cabbage of ten Kalmucks, but In him It pro from a neighbor's garden and hang it duced only a trilling indisposition, anil on a hook to dry was another cure, in a short while he was nuito well ai?aln. and one certainly within the means of i the poorest patient. The efficacy of this remedy was possibly to be found I in the theft. People who hung up' horseshoes for luck may perhaps be ' tempted to try it on their friends when quinine and bark have been found useless. A toad choked to death on the eve of St. John's day was possessed of even still moroi virtue. When wo recall the ingre- clients of the witches' caldron in "Mac-1 heth" we are afforded, as it were, a ' bird's-eye view of the pharmacopoeia of tho contemporaries of the conqueror. ' The water in a toad's brain was deemed a most efficient remedy in illness abom tho same period. There were cures for mental failings as well as bodily afflictions.- To stick pins in a dead man's shoes, or to carry about in the pocket a wolf's tooth or eye, or, If it were handy, to ride upon a boar, were all especially tho latter cures for cowardice. We sometimes consult doctors about our nerves now. Per-! haps it is the name and not disease that is changed. Tho modern prac titioner who should advise a nervous1 patient to take equestrian exercise on' a bare-backed boar would possibly ob-: tain notoriety, if not patients, to-day. ' A sovereign cure for toothache was tc apply a dead man's tooth to the suffer-' ing jaw of tho living. For epilepsy j the remedies were many and peculiar. Ono was to wear a medal bearing, tU names of Caspar, Melchior and Hal-; thasar. M. Challamel informs us that some faith is still attached in rural France to tho extraordinary remedies we have mentioned, and even ' in Loudon and Paris, in educated clr- j cles, a good many medical superstitions j are still extant. Journal of American Folk-Lore. ILLICIT TRADERS. Individuals Wlui Arc Truiililt tn I'uidv it Source o( Great Ml in 'n Soldiers. One of the purposes for which troops, under express provisions of tho Re vised Statutes, may bo employed in the Indian Territory is the arrest of illicit traders. In that Territory, and in all reservation set apart for the uso of the red men, the Government guaran tees that whites shall be kept away. Exceptions aro made, of course, undor tho permits of the Indian Bureau, through its agents, and soldiers aro also authorized to perform certain du ties there. Hut the chances of profit carry into the Indian country traders who have no authority to enter it. The tribes themselves in some instances en courage their presence, especially when they have alcoholicliquor among ! thoir goods, tho selling of which to In- dians is forbidden anyway, and thoy: are the more tempted to risk arrest and punishment from tho good' prices J they can get. When their presence be comes known, troops aro sometimes summoned by tho agents to scout for j I and arrest tho ollenders. Kathcr a striking instance of the trouble occasionally caused by illicit traders occurred among the Xavajos of Now Mexico a year or two ago. A squad of soldiers, starting from Fort Wingato to arrest whisky peddlers, was confronted by a largo force of Xavajos, who declared that tho men should not be taken away. The sergeant in charge of tho squad, finding his party greatiy outnumbered, was compelled to pro ceed to Fort Defiance, where the Indian agent communicated with Fort Win gate, and a troop of cavalry was sent out. For a time an outbreak of powerful tribo was feared from this the i mischief thus stirred up by tho whisky sellers. More recent testimony to tho connection between tho suppression of illicit traders and the well-being of tho Indians is given in this extract from the last annual report of Mr. Carroll II. Potter, acting agent for tho Osages in tho Indian Territory: "There has been no improvement in tho condition of tho Osage Indians during the last year. These people are not sufficiently industrious to control in the right direc tion tho amount of money they got. In consequence a large share is spent for contraband articles, which it seems very easy for them to procure along the State line and from peddlers on the reservation. Tho latter class tho In dians will protect in ovory possible way. 'Hie trafUc in whiaky by pod dler on the reservation is, In my opinion, alarmingly on the increase." Harper' Hazur. Cherry Jelly: Common wild bird cherries make a nice and handsome jelly: Pick tho cherries, put In an earthen dish, add a spoonfull or two water and steam them half an hour; mash thorn well with a wooden spoon, place in a jelly bag to drip, measure your sirup, pluut it in a kwtUo and bull it Hficmi minutes, add a pint of hasted sugar to each pint of gillie and boll fifteen minutes longnr, Inuu four ti fellv ''lue. The Homo. INTELLIGENT MONKEYS. Cnrlous Anecdotes of a Clilmpaiuce and an Ornnc Onlanc. The great physiologist, Hlumonbneh, had one of tho monkey tribe, whoso movements and conduct he carefully watched for more than a year together. It came to manage tho wood for tho stovo with great dexterity, and would put It lu with as much judgment and economy as a cook-maid or a parsi monious spinster. This animal was very partial to the tiro, like all-other apes, and would occasionally singe himself, when he would sally forth and roll round in tho snow with all the ecstasy of a Russian after taking a warm vapor bath at 180 degrees of heat. After en joying this luxury for a timo he would return to his old qunrtors bv the tire, A w.-rk on Insects happened to lie for some time upon the table, and which our philosopher contemplated with solemn studionsness for about an hour. The illustrations particularly riveted his attention; whether they awakened reminiscences of his former haunts is unknown, but when the book came to bo examined, it was discovered that with consummate address ho had pinched out all the beetles of tho largo plates and actually eaten them it i. supposed mistaking them for real In sects in some unknown stato of pre servation. Somo curious details are given of tho habits of orang outangs exhibited many years ago in Loudon. They were male and female, the former tho Chim panzee, and the latter tho Horneo. In some respects thoy presented a marked 'Contrast, and did not show tho least tenderness or attachment to each other. Tho social habits of the Chimpanzee far exceeded those of tho female. In the morning, on first seeing a person whom ho knew, ho would utter a loud cry of recognition, and running to wards him, would stand perfectly erect, spreading his arms like a child to bo taken up. when ho would wind them around the neck of tho individual in the manner of the fondest embrace; nor was it an easy task for thoso to whom ho was attached to leave tho room ex cept by stealth. Tho instinct of providing and plac ing warm materials for her bed was most marked in tho female, who would be for two hours dragging blankets from various parts of the room, smooth ing and changing tholr position, anil beating any raised part down with her knuckles, assuming at tho samo time a look of gravity and an appearance of wisdom. The hearing of both animals was re markably acute, and tho knowledge of sounds was accurately shown. They also seemed to have a pretty good idea of time, for as the hour approached at which thoy were removed to their nightly quarters, they would of their own accord get tho blankets, and en fold themselves in readiness to depart; and if their removal was protracted be yond tho usual time, it required force to prevent them from going to the door. 1 lie unimpauzco Having cauglit n cold, he had a violent cough that in sound was remarkably human; and when a lit of coughing came on ho was usually given some sweetmeat or cor dial to stop it. He soon adopted tho cough as means of obtaining thoso lux uries. Heally, thoso creatures that , n -,,., 111,i71- about ourselves. X. Y. Ledger, . HEALTHFUL DIET. Irult a I'erfect Food In .Summer ns Well it Winter. Somo people are afraid to eat fruit, thinking that fruit and diarrhu'a aro always associated, when. If they under stood the true cause of the diarrhd'a, they would know that it was caused by eating meat. In hot weather meat pu trefies very quickly, and during this process alkaloids aro formed which are very poisonous, acting as emetics and purgatives. "Tis true that fruit eaten green or between meals will interfere with digestion and cause bowel troubles; but use fruit that is perfectly ripe at meal-time, and only beneficial results will follow. Acids prevent calcareous degenera tions, keeping the bones elastic, as well as preventing tho accumulation of t-ai tlily matters. This is because of tho solvent power of the acids: but manufact ured acids are not harmless, asarothorc which nature has prepared for us in the various kinds of fruit. Fruit is a perfect food when fully ripu, hut if it were in daily uo from youth to ago there would be less gout, gall-stones and stone in the bladder. Stowed ap plos, pears and plums are favorite ar ticles of diet. For breakfast or lunch eon, in tho dining room or in tho nur sery, thero aro fow table dishes more wholesome and more delicious than well-stowed fruit served up with cream or custard. Tlioio are many persons, however, who can not eat it on account either of acidity of tha fruit or tho excess of sugar necessary to make it palatable. Sugar, doe not, of course, counteract ueidity: It only disguises it, and its uso in largo quantities is calculated to re tard digestion. 'Die housewife may, I therefore, ho grateful for tho reminder that a pinch, a very small pinch, of carbonate of soda, sprinkled over tho fruit previously to cooking, will save sugar, and will render the dish at once more palatable and more wholesome. Moi&'jnl Classics. Summer boarding. Algernon do Swollton "Will you please pass mo thu munuf" hlia Jmio "Wo haven't wiy this iiioriiiiii'. blr. They're not lu uvusun tut. " THE DELICIOUS BANANA. Few lnteretlnr Facts Concerning Thai Wholesome Fruit. A liking for bananas is n tasto that must bo cultivated In tho majority of porsons, and ten or twelve years ago the. averago inhabitant of the northern part of this country had not been edu cated up to thlovo for them. Less than sixty years ago tomatoes, now considered ono of the most delight ful of table dishes when properly pre pared, were looked upon as unfit to eat. many people claiming that they con tained poisonous properties. Hut that belief was soon proven to be unfounded, and two years after two or three lead ing sanitary and scientific magazines came out with positive proof that they wero not only uninjurlous but health ful, and contain very nutritive proper ties. Tho fow gardeners who took the risk of cultivating them In largo quan tities could not begin to supply tho Im mense demand for them. The experience with bananas, though they have at no time been considered as poisonous, is much tho same as with tomatoes. Xot very many years ago they wero considered as unfit to oat, mainly because it was supposed they contained no nutritive properties anil wero of about as much benefit to tho human system as so much cotton or corncob. Hut that Idea was rapidly dispelled by scientists and this de licious fruit of the palm Is now con sidered not only luscious but healthful as well. The banana Is tho most Important of tropical fruits and requires three or four months to ripen. After tho fruit matures the plant withers and drios up and from its base spring up off shoots which may be transplanted. Although most bannua bunches hang down In maturity, a variety is found on tho Society islands whoso very large bunches of deep orange-colored fruit stand up erect, forming ornamental rather than useful objects; for their taste even when cooked is acrid and disagreeable. Tho Hrazllian banana is tall, rising to a height of fifteen or even twenty feet, and tho fruit is yel low and excellent, rather vinous In flavor. The Chinoso banana seldom exceeds live feet in height, tho leaves being of a silver hue anil tho fruit aromatic. Tho Tahltlan banana is similar to tho Hrazillan, but not so tall, and tho fruit is angular, yellow, turning black when fully ripe, and tho llesh is salmon colored, or buff, and slightly acid. A variety with a red skin is brought from tho West Indies, and a very small banana is found In Africa and tho East Indies. In nlnoty-nino cases In a hundred bananas aro eaten raw with no flavor ing. An excellent dish Is made by cutting tlio fruit into small slices and using a drosslng of sugar and cream or wlno and orango julco. Tho amount of nourishment is very great, and IVimboldt tested that tho same land which produces a thousand pounds of potatoes will yield -1-1,000 pounds of bananas; a surface- bearing wheat enough to feed one man will, when planted with bananas, feed twenty five. Albany (X. Y.) Argus. AN AGE OF PORTRAITS. History Will lie ICn.lly Trnced liy the I'reni-nt ItitKii for llluMmt Inn. There never before was a timo In tho history of tho world when tho making of portraits was so much in fashion as at the present. Tho easo with which, by tho aid of tho Innumerable photo graphic processes, a portrait may ho produced has of course dono much to foster the custom, and tho foudness of tho readers or at least of tho publish ers of tho present generation for biog raphy has also encouraged tho making of pictures of tho people written about. Thero has at tho same time been some thing that might bo called a revival of tho ancestral portrait craze, and ovory body who could compass it has felt obliged to do what he could to provide his descendants with a set of portraits of their ancestors. Tho Illustrated papers and magazines, too, have done much to increasu tho number of portraits. Tho picture of a prominent man is at once the most obvi ous and ono of the most easily man aged illustrations that can be found and for tho past twenty years thoso periodicals havo been Increasingly full of this sort of work. Tho pictures have, of course, boon of all sorts and kinds, and from the gray and slovenly pro cess plato to the finely executed en graving or etching, and they havo been full of all degrees of nearness or remote ness In the matter of likeness, but if any body has failed to havo a clear Idea of the personal appearance of any public character It has not boon from lack of copies of his counterfeit pre sentment. Tho collection of portraits has by this stato of things bucomu one of tho easiest and most satisfactory of all tho lnnumorablo varlotlos of collecting that has yet been invented. Ono Is ablo, with so little trouble and at so small an expense, to bring together a col lection of portraits that are really In teresting and not wholly unlnstructivo, that it is a pleasant and not very ardu ous form of amusement. Thoy may ho arranged iu so many different ways, moreover, that one may at any time go to work and introduce into his collec tion an entirely fresh system of classi fication, and nothing adds to tho dig nity of such a pursuit like reclassifica tion, with Its sound of real profundity and acute Investigation. Ho who finds time hang heavy on his hands and the illustrated papers and magazines ac cumulating in his attic, is very foolish and unmindful of his resources ol amusement if he does not set himself to make a collection of portraits. Hus ton Courier. HOW TO GROW RICH. Father CMarkunn Dellren a rotated I.ea ture on True Kconomj-. In early llfo wo recollect hearing a young man inquire of a vonerablo gen tleman,, who had accumulated a largo estate, what tho secret of his sncccs3 was. He said It was: "When you earn seventy-five cents per day, spend only fifty cents of it nnd keep out of debt." That information, simple as it was. has had an important influence upon life's- transactions. And if it were lived up to by a largo mass ot laborers, mechanics and nil classes of wage-workers tho world would bo a great blessing. Tho rapidly increas ing riches and consequent willful anil wicked extravagance of a large class of our population is corrupting tho minds and misleading tho practices ot the great mass of workers. Whilst the riches aro Increasing, paupers ara multiplying much faster. There aro twice as many, according to nonu- lation, of those who ask and re us did fifty ycara tho wage-worker as much now as ceive aid now ago. And yet receives twice then. Tho articles of food cost no more, and clothing not half as much as then. Wage-workers of all classes, both male and female, aro not prosper ing as formerly. They are not weekly, monthly and yearly laying up a por tion of their wages as then. Thoy live more extravagantly, spend more reck lessly, and foolishly ape their neigh bors In fashionable folllos. Mechanics appear, at least a largo proportion of them, not to attempt to make any pro vision for tho future. When they mako $1A or $18 per week, instead of per manently investing at least onc-thlnl of the amount, they spend It all. Then, If work fulls, or the man Is taken sick, or any member of his family, so as to keep him from work, tho family at once becomes an object of charity, the rents are unpaid, tho butcher's bill neglected. The man becomes discour aged at the accumulated debts, until ho begins to debate with himself whether ho ought to try to pay tho old debts. So soon as ho (iocs that when ho be gins to study how to forfeit his honor, repudiate ills obligations, ho is gone. He no longer has that keen souse of honor which teaches him to regard as sacred his debts. Then ho Is no longor a man. His pride, his ambition, and allot tho inipuises which nerve and sustain a man lu life's conflicts, are gono. Ho has not confidence In himself and his neighbors havo less. Hut if a man lives by rule, uses tho plain neces saries of life, and scorns to npo tho follies and corrupt practices ot tho growing cussedness of the world, and lays up carefully at least ono-thlrd of what ho earns, soon ho will see thero aro bettor days for him. A littlo weekly and annually saved, tho In creasing accumulation of interest, tho increasing ambition, and tho renewed energy will soon build or buy a house. Then tho oxponso of living decreases, and tho saving can be more, until Im perceptibly the man with his family find themselves In comfortable circum stances, respected by tho world, his llnaucjal credit established, and ho Is enabled to enter other enterprises than as a day laborer. Wo havo seen theso things worked out and demonstrated all about us for tho last slxty-llvo years. Tho man who spends as he goes soon has noth ing to spend, but Is broken down la spirit, credit and obstructor; but the man who weekly saves a portion of his earnings, economizes In his busi ness, soon places himself among tha honored and rospoctod, It is as cer tain as tho revolution of tho spheres. Hut tho man who saves nothing sinks lower In spirit, enterprise and charac ter. Ho soon becomes too indolent to work and not too proud to beg. And ho goes down as fast as gravitation will take him. Trust no man who does not regularly save and lay up a certain per wnt. of his wnges. There Is no liopo for him. Ho will becomo sour, abuse thoso who prospor by saving and will livo a miserable llfo, hating tho pros perous and dying a beggar. "If you earn soventy-llvo coats per day, spend only fifty cents of it." Iowa Stato Keglstor. m m BLACK IS WHITE. ,V SromliiBly Iiicout rovcrtlliln Argiimunt from Dtjiiiolnt')-. The word black (Anglo-Saxon Mac, bltcc. bleak,) is fundamentally the samo as tho old Gorman blnch, now only to be found lu two or three compounds, as Hlaehfeld, a level or plain; Hlaeh mahl, the scum which floats on tho top when silver is melted, and Hlachfrost, and it moantoriginally "level," "bare," and was used to dunoto blacknoss. be cause blackness Is (apparently) bare of color. Hut tho nasalized form of black. Is blank, which also meant originally bare, and was uso to denote whiteness, because whiteness Is (apparently )baro of color. Tho samo word was used to denote tho two opposite things. From which It would seem that black is white. To any or. o wlio shall point out a flaw in tills etymological argument I shall endeavor to bo grateful, provided ho dous not disturb tha very satisfactory conclusion. This I should naturally rt'sunt. It may heli him to a conclu sion and servo as a further support to my contention to point out that llao In Anglo-Saxon actually means white" as well as "black," so that it is not in its nasalized form only that the samu word is employed to express opposite things. Why is this, unless that to tho primitive mind both white and black appeared to agreo lu being bare or void of color, and for that reason to deserve the samo name? And hero L can not help harboring a suspicion, suggested by tho Old German Hlach frost (which appears to bo nearly ob solete, or only used in some localities) that our "black frost" moantoriginally a frost bare of accompaniments, as hoar, rime, and It Is a coincidence only that It should bo black lu color and blacken the vegetation. Hut wu have long lost hold of the original meaning und believe It to refer 4to tho color. Notes and Queries.