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About The Oregon scout. (Union, Union County, Or.) 188?-1918 | View Entire Issue (March 9, 1888)
WOMAN AND HOME. HY GIRLS PREFER FACTORY WORK TO KITCHEN LABOR. 0k Teat of Fonitnlno Itcnnciiiont Table Proprieties Children' Clothing Cure for Gossip Uses of llorax A Hand some Woninn Hints and Helps. 1 A contributor to Tho Atlantic Monthly, Writing with n fcmlnlno hand, deplores tho fact that houso servants are to-day rocclvlng as high wages as they received during tho mar times, when calicoes and muslins, boots end bonnets, cost so much mora than thoy ido now, and concludes that tho reason for tthis is that tho hiring of such servants is en HJrely in tho hands of women. Tho purposo of tho contribution is to show that women lliavo ho business qualifications. Men, it cays, have reduced tho wages of their om iployes, and women might do tho same. This is what wo beg to doubt. Tho em ployment given to girls by men factory work and work in stores bos fascinations which housework never can possess. Tho Igirl in tho factory works a certain number lof hours nnd then is frco to do as sho pleases; itho girl who works in tho kitchen is at no itimo mistress of hor own actions. If sho Igoos out in tho ovouing sho is warned by her employer, who takes a sort of matcrnnl bi tterest in hor. If sho entertains moro com pany than tho mistress approves thero is a closh. Tho girl in tho factory sees boforo 'Lor tho possibility of an improved condition and an incrcaso of wages; sho may even bo como forowoman in time. Tho girl in tho kitchen knows thero is no betterment for her i however long und faithfully sho may work. Tho factory girl boards and entertains hor ,frlends In tho parlor; tho kitchen girl exists and entertains, under restriction, in tho base ment What is truo of tho factory girl is truo, to in greater extent, of tho store girl, and, more over, her daily associations and her contact with shopiHjrs of tho opjKito box give her many advantages in a matrimonial way, which Is a considerable matter. Now add to this tho fact that most girls would rather work for men, who do not assumo to put parental restraints on them, than for women, who do; and odd to this the fact that tho ehup girl, by general consent, holds her head a llttli' higher than tho kitchen girl; and odd to this tho fact in tho shop tho girl has tho companionship of -other girls, while in tho kitchen sho works olono all day thoso seen sufficient reasons for the assertion that it is tho oening of now and moro attructlvo fields of work for girls, and not tho lack of busi ness qualifications in women, that has sus tained tho wages of houso servants, for if those wages wore reducod thero would bo all tho moro reason for girls to (took work else where than in tho kitchen. Chicago News. Tho Proprieties nt the Tulile. i Women, from mjiiio nfToctod notion of ro llnement. don't cat thoy feed. In their teens, when they ought to eat naturally and hungrily, thoy pick nttablonndre-onforcoby nibbling in a furtlvo way between times. Vory few would own to eating half a pound of fillet ut dlnnor, but fowcr still would leov much of a pound of Weber's candles if it camo in their way. When thoy nro married and tho first heir conies thoy drop that fool ishness, Nuturo being too strong for thorn, and eat thuy must. Hut it Is in violation of thoir codo of refinement still, and so thoy eat liko gluttons and lose their figures, huvo pink cabbage complexions and eyes lllto pickled olives. They look gross nnd aro socially spiteful und jealous, hugely from indigestion. Myron must havo seen young married society women dine when ho mado his profession that ho could not licar to see a woman oat, and it is not to lie wondered at. Their way of chewing has bomothlng swiuellko in it. You needn't luugh Just watch tho next thick corsnged matron you seo ut lunch nnd observe the chopping movement of tho-jaws. If I had n daughter I would set a swing glass on tho table boforo her every meal till ebo lournod to eat proorly to grind her food quietly liko u humnn lieliig, not chop it, as stout iiinidon ladles nnd fat young women always do. It Is certain to give u vulgar net to tho lips in time. I oh uped lieing blddon to Windsor thoy tell mo it is uwfully slow dining thu.e, but the way hor majesty nb sorbs nutrition is remarkable, 8ho doesn't encourage conversation, not wishing to bo diverted from tho business in hand, and got at it with u tiorlous davtlon that shows tho government of throe kingdoms calls for sup port. Sho never allows any ouo of her family to ojKuik of symptoms of ill health, nn i opposed tho princesses' studying physi ology as bho considered tho talk of ktoumchs" und digestions us uuladyliko und improper Now York Mail und Express. Various Uses of llorux. A cup of powdored borux on your wash stand will do wonders in tho way of soften f jig the vklu. If you have leen working in tho garden or doing anything about tho houso which bus tended to umlio your hands rough, when you wash thorn dip your fingers in tho borax and rub your hands well with It. The tiafest nnd best thing also for washing thf hair is a nuxlerately btrong solution of borax in water Pure water should bo used inline dlatoly after washing with tho borax nnd water Our lady readers who have not used liornx have boon losing u great help nnd comfort. If nee tested nono will bo without it on tho toilet table. It removes stains and dirt from tho hands liotter than soap, and ut tho same timo softens und smooths tho skin. It is ex cellent for washing laces, and will without injury cleanse brushes and combs in n few moment, It extracts dirt from urtlclesof delicate texture without rubbing, it being only noccsKury to put thorn to soak in a solu tion of borax over night, and to rinse tlium in th morning. Two tnblespoonfuls of pul verized borux dissolved in a quart of water, to which add enough water to cover a pair of blankets, will cleuuse them beautifully. It ulso saves great lulor In washing paint Hall's Journal of Health. I'leusures of Social Intercourse. Perhaps in u room full of people, all socU blo in their way, you will not meet moro than one or two of your own stamp, who will win response und utteution from you that will astonish even yourself, they coiuo so easily and quickly. In the encounters each heart grows lighter. They are among tho liightit pleasured of social intercourse, l'ooplo who ore "jolly" uro calks! sociable, but tho most sociable peoplo in tho world, In tho trua sense of tho word, aro frequently thorn who aro not 'Jolly," Sometimes, indeed, they aro reserved, but the houra spent in their society nood not bo counted among tho vanishing pleasures, for the recollection of them U ogroeablo to you forever. Therefore thoso who wish to bo popular ami to win reputa tion for sociability must cultivate not only graces of body but of mind and learn to never 'talk to the puriwso of what It U not the purpose to talk of." Detroit Free Pre. A Test of lletlneiiivnt. Upon a certain occasion I stood lefore a popular dry goods houso waiting for a street car, when a lady stopped from the rtoro with a magnificent dress and wrnp and most ex pensive bonnet and waited a moment for her carriage to como up. Before getting in she stood on tho high stop, leaned over to arrango something on tho seat, then raised her skirt, and to Uio astonished gaze of tho spectator disclosed a cheap petticoat, nono too clean, nnd other underclothing of tho coarsest and cheapest description. There was no reason for this state of things, for tho lady was tho wife of a rich man who pays his bills without a murmur and always wishes to soo her well drefsed. Something Is wrong in tho early training of such a woman. I will cite another case to show to what extremes wo sometimes go. A lady who woro tho-plainest dresses, mado of cheap materials, boarded in a fashionablo houso on the HilL Tho ladles of tho house nil wore letter dresses than herself, and whimpers could bo heard in relation to it. I called upon her rather late ono evening, and as sho was about retiring sho sent for mo to como to her room. Her dress was ofT and sho stood before mo a pict ure of truo elegance. Her corset was black satin handsomely embroidered, her under wear of tinted silk, lnce trimmed, whllo har skirts woro lino and immaculate, nnd her hosiery beautiful. Said I: "Your gown would nover denote so much cleganco under It. How is It that you change tho order of things in this wayf Sho replied: "I was brought up to always wear pood undercloth ing, and I really care moro for it than for flno dresses. Since my husband's death I cannot afford both, and accept cheap dresses rather than cheap undorwear." Both of these women were extremists, and a littlo good judgment would make either of thorn appear letter. Every woman of refinement will see that her underclothing befits her outer attire. It Is a badge of truo gentility. Trim as flno as tho circumstances will por mit; good hose, nico skirts, perfectly fitting gloves, clean collars and handkerchiefs aro of much valuoln determining tho moral and mental status of a lady. AH this may bo an education. Tho progress of tho decoratlvo art in flno underwear is somowhnt amusing to observant individuals, and tho moral question involved in tho trim ming of a suit of ladles' underclothes has no smnll Inlluenco In frontier villages und coun try districts. Cor. Brooklyn Eag o. A Cure for Gossip. What Is euro for gossip! Culture. Thero is a great deal of gossip that has no malig nity in it. Good natural peoplo talk about thoir nelghl)ors lxjcauso, ud only lecuuso, thoy have nothing clso to talk about. As I write, thero como to mo pictures of different young ladles. I have seen them at homo; havo met them at tho library; coming to and from tho liookstoro with a fresh volumo in their hands. Thoy aro full of what they havo seen nnd rend. Thoy nro brimming with questions. Ono topic of conversation Is dropped only to give place to another in which they aro interested. Thoy nro inter ested in nrt; lovo to talk about a water color sketch, or a new ploco of music just lonrned. After n dollghtful hour with such women ono feels stimulated nnd refreshed, and dur ing tho whole ovonlng or hour, as it may bo, not a noighlxir's garment was soiled by so much as a touch. They had something to talk about. Thoy know something nnd were anxious to know moro. Thoy had no temp tation to gossip, bocauso tho doings of their neighbors formed a subject very much less interesting than thoso which grow out of their knowledge und their culture. Thoro are neighborhoods in which it rages liko an epidemic. Churches nro split in pieces by it; nclghl)org nro mndo enemies by it for llfo. Tho cure is not so difficult. Wo havo ngri culturol puiiers, religious, scientific, jwlltical papers, dovoted to overy interest, great nnd small. Surely if reading is a cure (certainly n holp) there is food for all tastes in tills di rection. With tho mind and brain bank rupt for tho want of something to busy one's self with alxnit thoso spring up tho tempta tion to gossip; and thoro is such a thing as It becoming chronic prnctlcally incurable Lot tho young, thoso Just starting in lifo, lo wnn of it, Mrs. A. E. Henton in Courier Journal. Milking Children's Clnthlnc. Baby's wardnilni Is soon outgrown, and long clothes must give place to small and dainty frocks nnd pottieonts, which look so oxactly liko overy other child's clothing that it Is absolutely necessary to mark in somo way all of Eugenes Ixilonglngs, if thero aro any other small folks in the samo houso. It is comparatively easy to write "Eugeno" on each littlo gnrmont, and for a while all of his clothing Is marked properly for Its owner. When Baby Howard falls heir to his brother's outfit, however, and dons ono nfter another of the littlo dresses marked "Eugene," Mis tress Mamma wishes sho might write "How ard" where sho has always Ixxm pleased to boo tho name of her first Itorn. As tho family increases there is moro and more need of pre cision in marking, but not until tho children grow old enough to object to wearing cloth iiig not their own does ono need to study ways of designating projwrty. I havo found an excellent way of conquering tho ditllculty, uud at tiio sumo tlnio my method is a very easy ono. I mark tho family name, "Crosby," on everything. Tho clothing I make for tho oldest Crosby child I mark with a slnglo star on tho left sldo of tho prowr name. When his clothing is handed down to Ellzalieth I mark another star to tho left of tho first one, nnd so on until baby Frank picks out tho waists with five stars on and feels that thoy really belong to him, because ho is littlo "Five-star" Crosby, whllo in jwint of fact they wore mado for littlo "Two-star" Crosby years ago. Marking in this way always looks neat, and tho rightful owners can claim each on his or her property. Hoso Crosby in Babyhood. A Pretty Dinner Table. Some persons havo a great liking for tho larg, round dining table on account of its social cliaractor, but it Is not so cosily deco rated as tabled of other shapes. Quite a novel effect, however, wns produced not long ago on ou of thoso tables. Tho candles, shades and tint of the room were made as pink as possible. At each lady's place a boskot of fern grass, gracefully formed to foil from tho sides, was filled with pink rose buds and a sprinkling of maiden hair ferns. Theso bas ket wore attached to tho lowor ring of h gas shado, such as has leen above described, by means of pink and satin ribbons two inches wide, which were tied to tho handles of tho baskets and hooked to tho ring of tho shado. Detroit Freo IVta. Blurrluge In Ancient Athens. Tho choice of an ancient Athenian citizen was limited to Athenian women. Only when thus married could his children possess tho right of citizens. An Athenian woman was likowbto not allowed to marry a foreigner, Tho penalties for seeking a spouse beyond the national boundaries were severe, Boston Budget. Economy In Cookery, Early In life I was taught by a good mother that it was a sin to waste anything that could Ui made use of, and later on I havo had much occasion to be thankful for tho lesson so early learned. Somo timo ago I was visiting at Uu houso of a Luly, who was by no means woalthy. At dinner the center of tho tablo was graced by a large toast of beef, and after oil had dined judge of my surprise when tho lady opened up her stove, and, lifting tho platter from tho tablo, scraped roast, gravy and all into tho fire, completely filling tho stove. I could not for bear an exclamation of astonishment, but tho lady coolly answered, "Wo nover oat cold moat at our house, and cold roast is of no account, anyway." And yet this woman's husband was only an ordinary workingman, who earned his bread by tho sweat of his brow, and tho consumed roast contained meat enough, if projierly prepared, for three or four breakfasts, for a small family. To day that womun is a widow entirely de pendent upon lcr friends and a small monthly fund received from a benevolent society, and I somotimes wonder if it would not havo been better had sho learned earlier in lifo that cold roasts mako butter food than fuel. I trust thoro aro not many of this claw, bsjt thero aro still far too many who, through a fnl.o and mistaken pride, turn up thoir noses and hold in supremo contempt all "mado over dishes," ta Uy term them, and nover send anything to tho tablo a second tlnio. Cor. Detroit Free Press. Woman's Field of Work. D you over think of the great chnngo that has como about in tho last ten or twelve years in regard to woman's work? Ten yoars ago tho sight of a woman as cashier in any of our stores was a novelty, and such a thing is ono in an Insuranco ofileo or law ofllco or "among tho men" was scarcely thought of. Go where you will in our city to-day and you will find women earning their way and doing thoir work well. They nro our stenog raphers, typewriters, copyists, cashiers, clerks nnd workers in many ways. Every manufacturer who can employ them does so. They aro In the postofilce, pension olllce and other government departments, and you needn't bo surprised to find them scattered through tho city hall when there comes a deal by which candidates can bo elected un pledged. And right hero it may bo said, as a hint to candidates, that ono good looking, worthy young lady would influence more votes in Detroit than any five young men you can naino. If a situation for her do pended on any certain candidate's election" ho would bo pretty certain to get there. M. Quad in Detroit Free Press. A Very Ilniidsomo AVoninn, Ono of tho most enticing women lever met and it Is quite a fancy of mino to meet and study enticing women wns "Sherwood Bon ner," otherwiso known in private llfo as Kathcrino McDowell. Sho was a woman built on tho pattern "magnlflquo." Tall, well rounded out in figure, with tho gait and mail nor of an empress. Sho woro this reformed costume, and was ndornblo in it Sho mado a study of tho matter, und adapted it to her self and to thoj prevailing fashions. Thero woro no Ixxl-gowny nrrangements nt tho back nor kitchen uprony urrnngoments nt tho front Sho simply disenrded coniets, skirts and wnlsts. Sho woro n combination gar ment very liko Mrs. Miller's affair, and over this her dress. This, very often in black laco, with long trained skirt, followed tho lines of her figure perfectly, though easily. Sho looked equally well whether sho walked, rode or sat down. But as I have said before, I say again, Mrs. McDowell was a vory handsomo woman. Cor. Now York Graphic Iloautlful Sunlight KITcct. It Is voll to soo tho warmth wo cannot feel, and wo know of no moro effective way of gratifying tho oyo than to place panes of ruby glass in or over tho door. Tho effect of tho sunlight through this medium in a hall Is very beautiful. Chicago Herald. Moderntion In 1 lathing. Water is serviceable to tho skin in only moderate amounts and at moderate tempera ture. Very cold or warm baths, when used in excess, diminish the elasticity of the skin and its power of resistance to external irri tants. New York Graphic. To Cleanse Mica. Tako a littlo vinegnr and water and wash tho mica carefully with a soft cloth; thoneid removes all stains, nnd if n little pains is taken to clean tho corners thoroughly nnd wlK them dry, tho mica will look as good as now. Detroit Frco Press. Freeing ltooms of Mildew. There is no hotter plan for freeing rooms and cellars of mlld-w than to burn sulphur in them. Tho rooms should bo effectually closed, nnd not opened for ono hour after lieing filled with tho sulphur fumes. Chicago Herald. A ItelUh. Largo green peppers nro relished prepared in this way: ilemovo all tho seeds und fill tho pepper with cooked tomato pulp and mixed mushrooms, seasoning with salt and butter. Bako in a hot oven nnd serve. New York Mail and Express. To Clean the Kettlo. To clean n ioreolum kettlo, fill half full of hot water und put in a Uiblespoonful of pow dered borax, let it boil. It this doesn't re move, nil tho stains scour with u cloth robled with soap und bornx. Chicago Herald. A Keniulo Architect. Miss Nelllo Nevada Moore Is tho chlof arch lUvt und builder of a charming house in which sho lives near Pittsburg. Sho wears trousers when doing men's work, but when that is over sho dons skirts ngaiu. Kate Field Gives Toast. Kate Field, at a recent banquet given by womon, thrilled her hearers by an elegant sjieech when proposing tho toast "Tho men, Ood bless them." Philadelphia Times. A silk, velvet or plush bag attached to a glided palm leaf fun is n pretty receptaclo for photographs, cards, or a bit of fancy work. Cleanliness is a sluo qua uon of beauty of the comploxion, though it docs not play a great part in tho health ot tho skin. Tho Southern Women prints n list of over fifty ladies, who are connected with southern uowspapers. Distilled and so called soft water aro more suitable for washing and less irritable than hard water. Curtains of a warm tono should lie selected for a room with a northern exotsuro. A Study of the WaternpotiU. A study of tho wntersHuts ottserved on or near the gulf stream has proven to Mr. H. B. Gibson, of Harvard college, that thoy aro much loss rare in winter than might lo sup posed. Tho dates of their occurrence oppoar to coincide with tho extension ot cold north west winds, or "cohl waves," from tho land out over the relatively warm sea. Arkansaw Traveler. A wall ot brownstonn, topped with a bronro fence, keeps stray kino off tho $3,500, 000 premise of James C Flood on Nob Hill, 'Frisco, "SECOND STORY" TIIIEVlft HOW THEIR DARING ROBBERIES ARE GENERALLY CARRIED OUT. John That Aro Done Only After Careful ' Planning Jewelry tho Peculiar Plun der of tho "Second Story" Thief ftaroly Caught nt Work. Tho most effective work at present among thoso who steal for a living, is being done by what is technically known to tho trado as "second story" men. Robberies by this class of thioves have becomo alarmingly frequent, and thero have Iwn many cases reported to tho police, few of which have leen mado public, because tho thioves havo not been caught and it is tho policy of tho iwlico de partment to keep everything quiet when suc cess has not attended their efforts. "Second story" thioves havo been under "cover" for a long while, nnd this city has been frco from their depredations. Where they havo como from so suddenly is a mystery. Thoir work is first class nnd thoy must lw good men, experts in their lino. Their efforts aro characterized ly a boldness and dash that must make old "Troy" Donnis smilo in his grave. "Troy" is still treasured in tho minds of thieves, as well as detectives, as tho king of tho "second story" workers. Ho was cool, daring and brave, and had a chivalrous strain that would not permit him to injure nny or.o weaker physically than himself. Ho died with his boots on. Whllo climbing a piliar in Fiftieth street ho loosened a heavy stone, nnd It foil on him and flattened him out liko u pleco of paper. After Dennis tho famous mon aro Long ' John Garvoy nnd "Jack" Heilly, tho lender of tho Murray Hill gang. Garvoy walked through a skylight in Brooklyn and had the I flesh pretty woll scraped from his bones, and ' was killed. Boilly did a neat job in "clean i ing out" a Lexington avenue houso. Ho took tho stolen goods back for a reward. Tho ' amount did not suit him nnd ho removed the goods again. It will bo many years yet before ho can practice his profession. Ho is now making shoes for tho state. With this trio out of tho way New Yorkers havo been able for several years to enjoy a dinner in comfort without fooling nervous about thoir treasures in tho upper stories. X OOOD "second story" ma.v. "Second story" thioves aro technically do-. I scribed as a cross between n burglar and a sneak thief. Thoy nro usually tall, slim fol lows, possessed of great strength and nervo. Thoy tako prido in their calling and look ' upon a highwayman or pickpocket as bo ncath thoir notice. Comparatively fow thioves havo tho. grit to follow this lino. Their number is thus limited, and thoy be como well known and respected by tho fra ternity. Thoy aro known as tho "long chauco" men in tho thioves' vocabulary. Thoy nro all quick witted and intelligent and , do not havo the brutal instinct of many kinds i of thioves who go around with murder in thoir hearts. Thero is n fellow feeling among ' them and thoy nover "squeal." "Second story" jobs are not dono by rash Impulso, but only after careful study and planning. Sometimes thero aro two partners, but moro often threo. It is a raro thing for thorn to work alono, unless thoy turn up broke in a strango placo. Ono of tho gang makes a special business of locating places to bo robbed. lie picks out a houso with a front stoop and portico, or hoavy stono work around tho front door, or olso whoro thero is a loadof, piazza or somo othor arrangement that will give a foothold in tho rear. Tho business of tho occupant is looked into. Brokors aro considered the best prey and bankers como next. Jowclry is tho peculiar plunder of thoso thioves. Somotimes their attention is attracted by tho names and de scription of jowelry worn at social gather ings. Tho habits of the inmates of tho houso aro studied with groat caro and a note is mado of tho number of servants and thoir mothod of working. When any of tho family leavo tho house a "piper off" takes a good look at tho jowely. All this takes time. When enough has been found to indicate that it will pay tho houso is said to bo "planted" and a timo is sot for tho work. Winter, whon night comes on early and quickly, is tho "second story" man's season. Tho "piper off" never does tho stealing, as ho may nnvo oecu seen m mu iioiguiHiriuHxi ami j ulg $00,000,000. Tho Argonttno Republic could bo idoiitiflod. At dusk tho thief ap- , t,llporta $.50,000,000 worth of goods, and of proaches tho house. Ho knows what tho tllis sum ti,0 United States gets only $5,000, peoplo within aro doing in a general way. ( ooq, Tho country is already a powerful com Tho gong that sounds for dinner is tho signal I)0titor in tho market of tho world for dressed for tho "climber" to slip on his rubliors, if ho I oof and wheat. has not already put on a pair ot shoes with rubler solos. Tho lookout is stationed closo at hand to givo tho thiof warning after ho has got insido. FINE WORK WITH A "JIMMY." Timo is given for tho family to get thor oughly interested in tho good things boforo thom, and then tho thief, with n glanco in s..j .. WW.., ... ..." ' Thieves aro bold, of course, but they nover, I it is said, undertake n job without just a lit tlo quivering around tho heart at tho begin ning. Tho climber follows tho plan which has been previously marked out as tho easiest way of gaining admittance, either in front or rear. With soft, stealthy, catliko move ments ho goes up to tho second story, some times jumping, and then raising his lnxly with his hands and nrms. If tho window is locked it is orily a second's work to slip tho . fastening with a wire. Once in tho house j tho thief takes out a "jimmy," which is 1 about n foot long and has a claw at ono end. Ho takes in everything in tho room at a j glanco. Tho light is usually burning dimly, i Ho does not touch it Bureau drawers, tho I doors of closets nnd wnrdrobos fly open nt tho touch of tho jimmy, ns if it wero a magic wand. Tho thiof works nt high sced, with j his ear listening for a footstep in tho hall. 1 There is no timo to examino jewelry, and 1 everything that sparkles or shines is taken. It is tested afterward. If a decent haul is ' mado on the second floor tho thief quietly i departs as ho camo, but if ho is not satisfled ho will go higher and tako his chances. Onco in tho street again tho thief goes uncou- , cornodly away so as not to attract attention, aud thon gets undor "cover" and waits until tho robbery is stalo before coming out "Second story" thioves are rarely, if ever, ; caught at worn, in tno omen umo, wnen tho men in this lino were all known, it was land theories of Henry Georgo, with special usually cosy to get them after a robliery. reference to the case of Dr. McGlynn. Thoy are all now men at it now, and tho io- Swinburne, who contributes to tho Athen lico nro at a loss which way to turn to cap- I mum a rather enigmatic little poem headed turo them. Now York Tribune. i "May, 18S5," will havo in tho Nineteenth ' Century tor January on article called "De- New Work For Messenger Hoy. throning Tennyson." It sets forth that ho I met a messenger boy tho other day lug-, has been intrusted with tho papers of a lady ging a big eyed anil very much astonished baby, evidently not a family connection of his, which, on questioning the boy, I learned ho was to deliver nt a certain houso not far distant For him this was all in tho regular lino ot his business, and ho wont about it in a solemnly practical way that was quito ad mirable, I do not think ho loitered with this burden ou his hands. As for tho parent who entrusted tho baby to this mothod of car riage, ho or she must havo a confidence in tho security of tho messenger service that is nothing less than heroic Yet I do not doubt that tho baby got limn fo, Boston Post. HERE AND THERE. Modern needles first camo into use In 1545. Harvard distributed $o3,000 to indigent students last year. In tho timo of King Edward II the price of tho Biblo In England was 37. Electric lights are now being used by sub marine divers with great effect A phrenologist has been making money of late in Washington examining tho bumps on senatorial heads. Most of tho London churches have offered up prayers for tho recovery of tho crown princo of Germany. Volapuk is publicly taught in France, Ger many, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Russia, and Denmark. Tho Grand Army has increased from COfiU in 18S0 to 373,074 in 1887. Tho gain in tho past year and a quarter was 40,157. An immense hunting expedition is about to start for Masailand, tho ground of Rider Haggard's last novel, "Allan Quatermaln." Tho hospital Saturday fund in London amounts to S-V),000 this year. Collections are mado every Saturday in workshops and factories. Several German firms havo given notice to houses in Bradford, where there are many Germans, that they will adopt Volapuk in i Bradford, where there are many corresponding with English manuiaciurers. Tho London Times says that n fow weeks ago somo excavations at Pompeii brought to light a set of surgical instruments, many of which resemble instruments in uso at tho present day. John Edman, an Ohio man, proposes to start a daily nowspnper in tho Finnish lan guage nt Ishpeming, Mich., Jan. L It will bo the only daily in that languago published In the United States. A Maino man as an experiment clipped tho fleeco from a pet Newfoundland dog nnd had It carded and spun into yirn. It yielded four skeins of jet black 3'orn, weighing two and one-quarter pounds, and wiis as soft as wool. A solid lump of coal, containing eighty soven cubic feet and weighing 0,331 pounds, was exhibited at tho Texas state fair recent ly held at Dall.is. It was tho largest block of coal ever taken from a mine in tho United I c I States. It is said that tho most acceptablo of all holiday presents to a lady from her husband or brother, or nny friend who has a right to give it, is a long, narrow strip of tinted paper on which is written: "Pay to tho order of e , c." Mr. and Mrs. Lewis, an American couple, havo been traveling for four months through Europo on a tandem cyclo. Their joint ex penses by this mode of traveling havo been limited to twenty-six shillings a day, sight seeing fees included. Mr. Jesso Ha worth, of Bowdon, Cheshire, has presented to the British museum tho throno chair of Queen llatasu, of tho eigh teenth Egyptian dynasty, B. C. 1000. This is tho oldest pieco of furniture in tho world, , tho date of which is known. ' An exnmplo of economy was that of Ignatz Freund in his Detroit store, who lighted tho ' gas jots ono after another with a single match until it burned his Angers, and then dropped it into a pilo of cotton, the result of which was a general panic and a damago of $1,500. In Franco 131,734,827 francs are expended i on public instruction, and 12,930,5 on the flno arts. Thero is an elementary school for i every 473 inhabitants, and a primary atteud i anco of 3,883,080. Of tho entire appropriation this year 81,400,000 francs were sot dowu for , primary education. I Recently a consignment of 18,870 boxes of raisins from Fresno, C'al., were shipped via the Sunset route to Now York. Tho weight of tho consignment was 417,000 pounds, and it occupied a special train of twenty cars. It ' was tho largest singlo shipment of freight , ever mado from California, and regular rates wero paid. A Philadelphia merchant says that, in Dpening tho mail in tho morning, ho always reserves for tho last those letters which have "Tho Honorable" preiixeu to tne aaoress. out of ten they aro written by persons who ask somo favor, aud mako uso of tho, prefix in a mild attempt at flattery. In Buenos Ayres thero is a bank which has a up capital of $57,000,000, deposits of eic.ooo.OOO, and a lino of discounts amount- A Chicago clergyman, in a recent sermon on tho vice of great cities, gavo a severe rap at certain eminent divines who havo been in tho habit of visiting the slums to obtain ocular evidence of their iniquity. "I havo not personally visited tho vile places of tho city for tho purposo of afterward preaching , ttUOut them," said ho; "that is too thin." Whereupon tho congregation audibly smiled. Indications now poitit to tho existence of a sub-marine volcanic crater between tho Canary Islands nnd tho coast of PortugaL From a cahlo laying steamer in 39 degs. 25 mins. north, 0 degs. 54 ruins, west, tho water , was found to measure 1,800 fathoms under ' tho bow nnd SOO under tho stem, showing tho I ship to bo over tho edgo of a deep depression In tho ocean bottom. Tho well known great . Inequalities in tho bed of tho Sea of Lisbon are thought to be duo to a submarino chain of mountains. LITERARY NOTES. Tho serials in Harpor's for 18S8 are to bo by William Black aud W. D. Howells. Mr. Chamberlain, it is said, will write a book on his American trip when ho returns to England. Mrs. Frank Lesllo intends to arrange for tho publication of a Spanish-American nows paper in tho City of Moxico. In Robert Louis Stevenson's "Chapter on Dreams," in Scribner's for January ho will tell of somo of tho phantoms which disturbed his boyhood aud gavo him tho bent which has mado him a writer of romances. Sister Frances M. Clare, better known as tho Nun of Kenmaro, has written and Bel ford, Clarke & Co. havo published a littlo work with the title "Anti-Poverty and Pro gress," It is in tho nature or a reply to tho 1 languishing in Hanwoll asylum who devoted I many years to proving that Tennyson's poems were written by Darwin. lime. Llmouzin will shortly givo to tho world a volumo in which sho will put all her enomies in tho pillory. The book will bo called by its ambitious authoress "Les Chati ments," unless tho heirs of Victor Hugo choose to object to such a profanation, and it will no doubt prove to future chroniclers and historians a curious if not valuable "human document" concerning men and manners undo- the third rcpublla PRESIDENTIAL POVERTY. THE WHITE HOUSE NOT THE PLACE FOR MONEY MAKING. Jefferson Died In Debt '!ne of tho Wash ington Family Peddling Trinkets The Adamea Money Savers Andrew Jack son Iluchunan Kllliuoro Garflold. Most of tbo presidents linvo died poor, and fow of thom have mado much out of ofllco holding. Just before Jefferson died ho was io much in debt that a lottery scheme was gotten up to sell his property and relievo his necessities. He loft practically nothing to bis children, ahd thoy received somo two mms of 10,000 each from tho legislatures of two of tho southern states. John Tyler left somo property, but it all went to his second wifo. Ono of hLssons, Gen. John Tyler, who drove a four-in-hand while his father was in tho White Houso, and who was then called tho handsomest man in Washington, lives off a position in tho treas ury department, and ono of Tyler's most ac complished daughters, a lady who presided . i. . . : : i .i UVUI tlJU UAtXU.l. U IllUliaiUll UU1 IUUIULTS dpQth and untU ,jer Mwr marriod JuUa Gardner, is a guest of Corcoran's Old Ladies' Homo here. A man who claims to bo ono of tho Washington fnmily, and who, by tho way, has a faco strikingly liko that of tha president, peddles trinkets in a littlo booth In tho jwnsion building. Dolly Madison, tho president's wife, was, during a iart of her last days, furnished food by a colored man who had been in President Madison's service Sho got, however, a largo sum of money from congress for Madison's papers, and it was this that eased her declining yoars. pkesidk:jt monkoe's poverty. Monroe was so poor that his latter days were spent with his son-in-law, Samuel L. Gouverncur, in Now York, and thero ho died. Harrison loft nothing to speak of. Polk left about $150,000, including Polk placo at Nashvillo, where his widow now lives. It is a valuable block of ground in tho center of tho town, which has risen largely in value since to president's death Martin Van Buren mado money out of politics. Ho started lifo poor and died well to do. Ono estimate puts his estate at 8800,- 000, and ho mado monoy in real estate as well as in tho law. Both of tho Adamses won money savers, if not monoy makers. Tho letters of John Adams, the second presi dent, to his wifo, Abigail, repeatedly urgo her to cut down tho household expenses and to practice economy. Ho lunched himself on oat cako and lemonado, and ho walked far of toner than ho rode. John Quincy Adams received nearly $500, 000 from tho government in salaries during his lifetime, and ho possessed tho Yankee thrift Tho Adams family nt present is ouo of tho richest in New England, and I was told at Kansas City that Charles Francis Adams has more than $1,000,000 invested in real estate thoro. Ho has railroad stocks and bonds in nddition, and ho makes his money brood like Australian rabbits. ANDREW JACKSON'S EXPENSES. Andrew Jackson spent moro than his sal ary whilo ho was in tho White Houso, and ho had to borrow monoy to koop up with his ex- penses. Thomas Jefferson borrowed tho ' monoy that carried him out of Washington I when lie loft tho presidency, and Andy John- son, though he entertained considerably, is I supposed to havo saved at least $50,000 dur ing his White Houso careor. Ho died, I am ) told, worth about $100,000, and tho most of I this camo from economy. It was a pretty ' good estate for a tailor to leavo. Jamos Bu ! chanan was making about $7,000 a yoar at tho law when ho entered congress, and ho ' spent during his presidency what was left I from his living expenses in charity. Ho I was not, however, a rich man when ho died, and his estate of Wheatlands was sold a yoar or two ago. President Fillmore began his lifo as a wool carder. During tho three years ho was en- j to his sweetheart ho had not ouough money to tho 0I,nscs of tho 150 miles which j between her homo in Saratoga 1 county, N. Y., and where ho had begun to practico law. During tho Urst years or tuoir marriago his wifo did the housework and taught school, and still ho died ono of tho richest of tho presidents. Tho greater part of his fortune, howovor, camo from his soc ond marriago to a rich woman of Buffalo, whom ho courted after his flrst wifo died. President Clovoland is supposed to bo worth about $100,000, and ho owns, I am told, real estate in Buffalo which is rapidly advancing in valuo. President Arthur left much less than ho was supposed to bo worth. Oarflold shortly boforo his death owed $30,000. to Gen. Swaiin, nnd Grant did not add to his fortuno by his White Houso career. Hnyos mado monoy out of tho presidency, and is rich through inheritance and oconomy. Tho pres idents, as a rule, havo not saved monoy dur ing their presidency, but tho samo abilities which mado them presidents would, if thoy had been used in tho field of money making uncs. Frank G. World. Hot Carionter in Now York Dispensing of Prescriptions. Ono of tho British medical journals gives tho results of an inquiry undertaken in a cer tain district to ascertain tho degree of accur acy which was obsorved in tho dispensing of prescriptions. In nil, 50 prescriptions wero 6ent out namely, 30 to chemists and drug gists, 14 to co-opcrativo stores, 2 to "doctors' shops," aud 4 to certain drug companies. Thoy decided to givo a liberal margin for er rors, and accordingly tlid not schedulo any prescription as incorrectly mado if tho chief constituents woro within 10 per cent of tho amount ordered. According to this classifica tion no fewer than 17 out of tho 50 prescrip tions were incorrectly dispensed; tho limits of error wero also vory wido indeed, for in ono case tho quantity of tho drug supplied was less by 85 pqr cent than that ordered, and in another 57 per cent, more than had been ordered. Tho chemists and druggists pure and simple camo out of this ordeal with great credit, as in only two cases did tho errors mount up so largely as to bo scheduled, whilo co-operativo stores figure on tho block list three times, tho "doctors' shop" once, and tho "drug company" threo times. Briefly, of tho latter class 75 per cent were untrust worthy; also, 50 per cent of thoso from "doctors' shops," whilo 20 per cent, of thoso from stores and 0 jxsr cent of thoso from regular druggists exceeded tho margin of error. Chicago Nows. How Tugboatmen Sleep. Tho question has often been asked, "When do tugboatmen sleep 1" In point of fact, so far as disrobing and lying down in bed, nothing of that kind ever occurs to their ex perience; but still theymanago to obtain a full and, in fact, liberal allowance of slum ber, bocauso they have trained themselves to lie down at any timo and In any shapo, whero tho temperature is high enough, without any formality of divesting themselves of cloth ing, and nt onco dropping off to sleep for an hour or as much more as is possible. In this way, it may bo confidently asserted, twclvo out of each twenty-four houra of a tugboat man's llfo may bo devoted to slumber if ho so chooses, and is, indeed, generally spent in this manner. New York World,