The Douglas independent., September 21, 1878, Image 4

r-S
; 3 tni
ic, wLii;ti they
articles or weaung ei ; . rvi,
had stolen on their erra,.i.l s.r camas. The
. 'gunboats .raadered elective service in thus
friwtrstlinx tUe original plaa of th hostile In
terns au I compelling them to abaudon their
. deaiga of crossing tlie-, Columbia with their
-;toln property, :: "' "' - '';''v"V:;;.';'
There appear to be three classes of Indians
who'' are not likely to go on the war path.
First, those who are too old to fight; second,
t:ioe who are too rich, having improvements
on the. reservation and large bands of stock;
hd third, s few of middle age who prefer to
tp main & they are w peaceful security. But
.,11. L ti t 1 tl..i
tae yoang men wiu Egnu mw'"
tbey shouid show the Indian in them as early
:i ,i as folly as possible. When hostilities are
v in progress anywhere within their reach they
uiiistal int from their reservations and do
their share of crime and then sneak back to j
the"., support and protection of the Govern
rues,:; Tbetaa! of Umapine and his men is
- bat one of many examples of this sort. It is
estimated that there were, at one time, no
less than 300 Columbias, Umatilla and other
reuegsdes with the original band of hostile
,Iudians. ,pn the morning of July lltb, the
day before Cayuse Station was burned, the
- agent, Mr. Couoyer, confidently believed that
all his Indians were on the reservation, ex-
, cept Yellow Hawk, who had been with Egan,
aud being ashamed to return, had gone to Fort
J all. V A t that moment Umapine, from the
reservation at the heal of a band of warriors,
was in readiness to join, if he had not already
joined, the Snakes, who were expected to at
tack ; the: agency that morning. It is very
probable that the presence of Capt. JrlcGre
Kory's company at Caynse Station,, near the
- agency, alone prevented this attack, for as
soon as these soldiers left the station the In
dians took possession of it. The next day
the hostiles Indians were above, below and
- over the agency, and Capt. Miles on the 13th
bad an engagement with them. Umapine and'
his warriors were with them in this engage-
Jiieiit it was only atter the snakes bad been
'- defeated and had fled te the mountains that
Lumpine ooarreled with F.tran and treacher-
eusly put him to death. He was true to his
murderous allies until he lost confidence io
their success, and then he deserted and be-
: trayed them, and assassinated their chief in
, order to be able to take back his scalp to the
Indian agent as a proof that be was sorry for
having made ; war upon the "whites. Had
Umapine joined General Howard at Camas
I'rairie he would have acted in good faith and
rendered valuable service. Instead of this,
. while on the reservation "and enjoying the
protection ot tue Uovernment, he was con
Btantly giving the enemy aid and comfort, and
he) abandoned their - cause only jvben it be'
- came hopeless. .This is simply a fresh illus.
t ration of the truth that dependence can "not
at all times bv placed upon the fidelity of
"friendly Indians." -
It is claimed, as already mentioned, that
the Indians fired upon by the , gunboats were
x aiiiraas, returning rrom their camas grounds.
But what right had they to go Camas Prairie !
Treaties' with Indians, like other treaties.
must be in te pre ted according to the intention
of the makers of them. And certainly it
con id never t intended that a treaty mode
,, with a tribe of Indians in one Territory of
State. By the treaty with the Yakimas, the
rights and privileges therein enumerated
were granted to them in common with citi
zens ot that Territory (Washington). This
,. does not give them, and it was ;not intended
to give them, any lawful claim to the use of
camas grounds in Oregon. Both the express
language and the necessary intent of the
treaty restrict them to their own Territory,
rience, those of them who were at Camas
I'rairie, on the arrival of the Snakes in July
last, were trespassers, and were entitled to
bo consideration. -.. And, besides, when they
: were fouud and fired -upon, as alreadv stated.
. they were aiding the hostile Indians in mov
ing their stolen property into Washington
Territory, in perfect accordance with the
: 1 1 r .1 r, t - - .
. ungiuiu pian ox tne visnaKe campaign, it la
preposterous therelore to claim that they
were "friendly Indians." They were the
worst of enemies, because they were enemies
in the cmse of friends.
.. " If these reservation Indians will not volun
tarily maintain' in good faith their amicable
relations with the' white people, prompt and
decisive measures must be taken to compel
. i. .t i
tut-in w uv j. ukucrwue, ineir wvacneriea
wilt continue. Reservations will become
T more and more the rendezvous of hostile Indiana.-
A reservation of friendly Indians
ought not to be an armed camp. The idea of
"ug miv ihi ngltvtubiuo Ml lUUiailB
with f.ruis in their hands is a fearful absurd
- ity. As a measure of precaution they should
- be at once deprived of the improved firearms
tit long range with which they are now too
abundantly supplied. Weapons of much less
formidable character can be furnished them
temporarily for hunting purposes.
In Washington,' Oregon and Idaho, there
are about 27,000 ludians, nearly all of them
i K.i f i : 'T'l
t.a.11 vi bus viuuiuq xvAuuuLAiuo. Aijere are
included m Uieir reservations nearly J 7,000
wquare miles of JO,000,tKX) acres of land, or
about". 370 acres to each, individual Indian;
and ot tbese lands about 143,000 acres are re-
ported tillable. ' In the Oregon reservations
alone there are 6, 022 square miles Or 3,830,088
ticres of land to 7,000 Indians, making more
han o.i) acres to each Indian. With this
large area of land in their possession and with
the liberal privileges which their treaties give
them upon other lands it is almost impossible
to control them ; under present management.
v Settlements are fast encroaching upon their
gruune.s una jealousies are constantly arising.
To secure permanent peace therefore in the
viciuity of these should be stationed at
, jioiuts convenient lor co-operation, among
trte Indians ot uregou and the adjoining Ter
ritories from five to ten thousand U. S. troops.
, The ludians themselves should be disarmed,
and placed under the direct control of officers
of j the army. The integrity of these oliicers
i i & sufficient guarantee that good faith will
te kerjt with the Indiana and that peace will
be maintained. . Until this can be done I
' would suggest that some means be devised by
- which, in case of danger, settlers on the fron
tier can be armed and brought into immediate
service. For this purpose 1 would recommend
that the guns now in the several counties be
obtained from the Government for permanent
use for border defense, to be placed in the
keeping of the county judges of the eastern
counties. ; It would be still better, however,
- . if Congress could be induced to remove these
Indians entirely from the State, and place
them upon a reservation where they could re
I main undisturbed, and where they would not
I be likely to disturb settlers. Such a place is
found above Priest's Kapids, Washington Ter-
ritory, reaching to the British possessions.
' I would say in this connection that General
' Howard, realizing the danger of a renewal of
hostilities, has temporarily bivouacked two
companies in the vicirityof Umatilla Agency,
-, but ifr will be difficult to tell how long he will
be able to retain them there. '
V-. nsarse isterests. ..;
The experience of the present year furnishes
additional proof of the necessity of immedi
ate action by j our honorable body in behalf
of the fisliing interest of Oregon. Within
the last few years a large amount of capital
lias been invested in this business, and it has
rapidly grown in importance. Indeed it is,
. in prospect, one of the most valuable branches
of ludustry in our State, and perhaps also it
is one of the most neglected by the authority
that should protect it, With the necessary
Mate aid this interest would become one of
our leveling sources of wealth, giving direct
imployir-ent to hundreds of our citizens and
aff ording support for many others. Wijthout
some well defined system to foster and protect
this trade, no accurate estimate can be made
of its magnitude or of its permanency. So
long as the business remains as it is, those
5k ho engage in it do so at a great risk. It is,
u a measure, all guess work at present, and
ihany who are eager to invest their money in
such enterprises find at least that in the ab
sence of a proper system regulating the busi
ness, and owing to want of defiuite informa
tion as to its capaciW, it is so overdone that
the capital embarked ia it is worse than un
employed. This business, like all others,
inuit be governed by some protecting rules.
From experience in other parts of the coun
trj'ii and from the investigations of science it
is possible to make proper estimates of the
extent of the fish supply in Oregon, so that
there need be ho fear of failure iy those who
enrsge in this important branch of industry.
Proper laws should be passed also to revent
the supply of lish from becoming exhausted
. in oar cti f rivers, ::
I would suggest that the Legislative As
wmbly should provide for the eelection of a
i. ii commission, composed of competent men,
who shall be authorized to take this wbola
in): iscS undr control It should be mae tht
duty of the commission to see thai the laws
relating1 to fisheries and to the fiahiiig interest
are faithfully carried out. They should be
authorized al&o to consider the subject of the
introduction, propagation aud culture of fish
iu the waters of this State, and, if deemed
expedient, to provide for stocking our rivers
with valuable varieties of fish by the known
scientific methods. . The commissioners should
be given power to appoint seine inspectors,
etc., to co-operate with the commissioners of
other States and to do all other things neces
sary to foster this important interest To
this subject I call your special attention. v
The president and secretary of the Portland
Board of Trade, in their last annual report,
claim that the receipts of our salmon fisheries
for the present "year were over half a million
dollars less than for the previous year, an at
tribute much of this diminution of trade to
the want of proper legislation on this subject.
l submit tor your consideration the louowing
extract from that report :
lhe catch tor iat year 18H ot canned
salmon amounting to 305,000 cases, the aver
age price obtained for which was about f H, or
5370,000. , The catch ot this present year,
ending August 1st is about 50,000 cases less,
or only 345,000 cases; while the price is also
reduced at present to $a au, at wuicn pnee it
realizes about $1,800,000 to our canneries.
In 1876 the production was 438,730 cases,
so that in two years our canneu saimou
has . decreased 22 per cent. a seri
ous matter for the careful consideration
of onr next Oregon Legislature, who have in
their hands, ov wise or imprudent legislation,
the power either to increase and develop our
fisheries, or to let them decay each year
(as the above figures show they have been
doing) until that valuable article ot com
merce will be lorever lost to our people.
We have each vear so often -pressed the
importance of legislation on this vital ques
tion, that it seems scarcely necessary to re
peat the same. As the matter now stands.
Congress believes it has no power to regulate
our salmon fisheries, and therefore the Terri
tory of Washington and State of Oregon can
aione muturiiy pass laws on tuis poms.
Washington Territorv has done her part,
having passed a law which was very carefully
framed iu accordance with the experience and
wishes of the proprietors of canneries on both
sides of the Columbia river and the salmon
protection committee of this board, and which
law can onlv take effect upon (1) a legislative
enactment of the State of Oregon, and (2) on
the Oregon Legislature ratifying and adopting
the same law, verbatim, which tue .territory
of Washington has passed.
RIVER AjND HARBOR IMPROVEMENTS.
For vars Dost, necessary appropriations
havfi teen made for the improvement of
our rivers, bnt the harbors on the coast of
Oreeon have not received these benehts to
any considerable extent. The commerce of
the coast is now growing so rapidly that
improvements are absolutely necessary to
a (lord facilities lor this increasing traae.
In Mime nlaces thev not oulv change their
location but bank up so that loaded vessels
cannot cross them. It often hapjiens that
vessels entering without cargoes and load
ing inside for ttie outward voyage are land
locked lor months anring tne winter oy
these shitting bars. Persons engaged in
business at Coos Bay and CoquiUe river
have had some very severe exi"rience in
tbis respect. For the extent of its coal de
posits, and for the variety, abundance and
excellent quality of its timber, Coos Bay
cannot be surpassed iu our State, and per
haps not on the coast. But the iniKrtant
ana growing trade of this section is greatly
retarded every year by the shifting of the
bar at Coos Bay, and also at the mouth of
tne lAxmnie river, n is esumaieu mat 1110
loss of business there this year on this ac
count, Kill exceed a nail million ot dollars.
Such a bar can be improved and a perma
nent channel kept open by the aid of jetties
within the harbor. In 1873, the currents in
side the bar at Coos Bay formed a natural
if Uy and passed out where there is at pres
ent a sand spit to be seen at all stages of
tne tide. The water on the bar at that time
was thirty teet in depth. But there was
nothing to fix these eccentric currents, and
they were so changed by storms and other
causes during the next year as to open up
uew outlets, and the bars were shitted to
different places, the water over them being
reduced to lessinannairus previous depth,
The Columbia River and bar also require
attention. It is not necessary to enlarge
upon the importance of this want. It will
bo most unwispi to wait until the valuable
commerce of this river is injured bs heavy
sand deposits within present channels. The
time will com when jetties will be needed
at the mouth of the Columbia, and we
should begin at once to press upon Congress
tne importance or tnis improvement, mere
are other harbors in our State that should
receive similar attention.
In order to aid onr Senators and Repre
sentatives in their efforts to procure the nec
essary appropriations for these improve
irieuts, you should, by joint memorial, urge
the matter on the attention, of Congress.
Appropriations have already been made for
the survey or tons t'ay and UoquUle river
Thia should be lollowed up by an urgent
request for further congressional . aid to
make such improvements as may be found
to be necessary. The works which have
been projected, and which are now in prog
ress for the purpose of opening up the Co
lumbia river to General trade and competi
tion, will be of a very substantial character
when completed, and will be or immense
value to the people of that section of -the
State. Lrf-t the same aid be given our coast
harbors which has been extended to our
rivers, and all obstructions to a free and
healthy trade will soon be removed.
SWAMP fcANDS. "'WJ-
There is urgent need of some additional
legislation with reference to the sale of
lands belonging to the State of Oregon
The present law does more to embarrass
than to aid the Board of School Land Com
missioners in disposing of these lands. The
chief object which the Stale has, or ought
to have, in view in accepting this grant, is
to sell the land acquireu under it at the ear
liest possible moment, for its own benefit
and lor that of the purchasers, it is ob
vious, therefore, that the sooner it is dis
posed of and the money paid into the treas
ury the better it will be for all concerned.
The law of 1870, however, instead of declar
ing the title to the grant to be in the State
absolutely,: and directing the proper olii
cers, as soon as selections could oe made, to
sell the lands outright and give tbe full and
final conveyances to the purchasers imme
diately upon the payment of the price, was
so framed asr to postpone the issuam-e of
patents lor an indennue period, ana mueea
to render it extremely uncertain. Under
this law the applicant is required to drain
tbe land applied for, or otherwise to render
it fit for cultivation. Cultivation of the land
for three years "in either grass, the cereals
or vegetables," Is declared to tie asullicient
reclamation within the meaning of the act.
The modes of recianiation-are not definitely
stated; but it seems that the law contem
plates that the land shall be drained in all
cases. It is claimed, however, that the most
of this land is of such a character that
draining it would destroy its value entirely..
It is more , profitable at present for its
grasses than for anything else, and to pro
duce these it is best that it should remain as
it w. Uosides, as last as it is needed or can
be renderd valuable for other uses, it will
be made available by its owners without
any legal enactments on the subjeet. It is
to the interest ol the owner of land to apply
it to that nse for which it is best fitted and
which will yield him the greatest retains;
and in this regard his interests are identical
with those of the public. It drainage will
improve the swamp lands and make them
more valuable,.! he purchaser will drain
them without being required to do so. On
the other hand, if drainage wilt diminish
their value it ought not to be demanded by
the I-ief-hdature. Jn either ease, whatever
is best for the purchasers is best for the Slate
also. :
Tbe restrictions imposed by the present
law upon purchasers of swamp lands cer
tainly operate to prevent a disposal of them.
Applicants do not feel like paying for drain
ing land whieh, when drained, will be
worthless to them.--- They may dig a few
ditches, it is true, for the purpose of getting
title, but they will close them again as soon
as they have obtained their patents' To re
quire drainage in such cases, therefore, is to
impose upon tne purchaser an eutirely use
less expense.
This requirement seems lo be t-aaed some
how npon the supposition that the grant to
tbe State is made conditional upon the re
clamation of the lands. This is, however,
wholly erroneous. -The fact is settled so
far as judicial action ean be had. "This
title is clogged by no conditions.
The Mate tecame the owner with absolute
power or disposition of all the swamp lands
within her limits, and her title in no wav
depended on a patent. If thoso lands were
rot drained, no inference from the Brant
can be drawn that tbe generai government
wald. resume the giant. But Congress
said to the States: "These lands are of no
nse to tbe natiou ; take them: we make von
a, perfect title to them ; drain them, and re
claim them if vou can; we commit them
an 1 the whole subject to 'your legislature ;
adopt the policy we recommend, but take
the lands. ' The position taken by this State
on these questions is found in tbe decision
of iii Supreme Court of Oregou, in the case
of Gaston vs. Stott. Indeed, it is clearly to
t e gathered from all the ttuthoritie. that
tbis i a matter exclusively within the con
trol of the Legislature. There can be no
Question, therefore, as to the. right of the
State to sell these lands at once, and uncou-1
ditionally. It need not require reclamation
unless it chooses to uo 6o. -
At all events further time should be given
to applicants to reclaim their lands, and
there ought to be some definite regulations
as to what shall constitute reclamation. The
mistaken notion, already referred to, that
the State's title to this class of lands de
fends uoon tbe Issuance of patents baa oc
casioned many delays for which purchasers
should not be made to suffer. Besides, in
many cases, the United States officer have
permuted persons to pre-empt lauus wnicn
were known to be of a swampy cbarrcter
and upon which applicants had already
paid their 20 per c -ntuin under the State
law, on the ground that notice had not been
given of the withdrawal of such lands from
market. Thus one pretense after another
has leen resorted to for the purpose of de
feating the right or the state ana its vendees
uuaei tnis grant, ano uniortunateiy tne
present law has afforded no protection to
applicants. They have been constantly ex"
posed to vexatious coutesis witnouc any
certain prospect of finally acquiring title
even if they should establish the right of
the State to the land. It is simple justice,
therefore, that they should at least be al
lowed further time to comply with the onc
ditions imposed by the present law.
It would be far "better, however, if sale
were made at once, without any embarrass
ing restrictions, vesting the title ituinedi
ately in the applicants. They would thus
be placed in a position to vindicate then
ricchts nromntlv. and no time would be
civen to nre-emutors to change the charactet
of the laud by drainage, etc. So, long as
the sales or these lanus are maae to depend
on conditions inconsistent with the ordi
nary laws of traue, purchasers will movt
with caution.
The law of the State, as it now stands, is
contrary to those laws of tiade which re-
eoguize the right of the purchaser to make
the most out ot me tuing purcnasea. sso
man will buy an article under restrictions
wbieti am expensive ana useless, xne
State should assert its title in tee to the
swamp and overflowed lands, aud its right
to dispose of them to the best advantage
and iu the least possible time. And the
purchaser should ue permitted to take the
lands at once, upon payment of the price,
and to use them in whatever way he may.
find most profitable for -himself. Tbis
would reduce the matter to a commou
sense business basis. It would afford the
State a fund for the immediate payment of
her outstanding swamp land warrants,
thus stopping tbe accumulation of in
terest, and would on the other
hand enable the purchasers not only
to defend their land, but also to turn it to
protitat once. '
I therefore recommend that the law of
1870 be so amended as to conloi m to the
views here expressed. Section 4 of the act
should be repealed, and such further
changes should be made as to atfofd ample
protection to the rights of the State and to
those of it grantees. In order to hasten the
sale of the lands, and to provide for the
speedy extinction of the debt which has
grown up against tbis fund under the leg
islation of 1872, 1 would suggest that swamp
land warrants be made receivable in pay
ment for such lands. Since the funds to lie
derived from these lands are to be applied
to the payment of these warrauts, there
can be no reasonable objection to using the
lands themselves for that purpose. It
would save delay and trouble and would
stop the interest on the warrants. Perhaps,
also, it would be well to give the boa-d of
school land commissioners more specific
authority In regard to determining tbe
character of the lands included in the
swamp grant. Under the present law the
proper oliicers of the State are authorized
to select the lands in tbe field. But the
rules governing the general land office at
Washington will not pet mit these lands to
be listed to the State, unless they are se
lected by United States surveyors, or un
less their swampy character at the date of
the grant is conclusively proved. Tho
State, however, should insist npon its light
to make its selections by any method by
which the fact can be ascertained that the
lands are actually swampy. Lands of that
character belong to the State by a perfect
and absolute title, aud that title cannot be
defeated by any rules devised by the gen
eral land office or by the captious objections
of registers and receivers. It is to be un
derstood, of course, that these remarks are
not intended to apply to those cases where
lands have been selected as swamp lands
which are not in fact swampy. The States
has no right to such lands under this grant.
and cannot acquire any by any possible
mode of selection. '
The rules and regulations of the general
land office of the United States will not
permit the State to prosecute or defend con
tests for swamp lands, before tbe local land
offices, without depositing the money to
pay the expenses of such contests. As
there is no provision of law authorizing
the board of school land commissioners to
make tbis deposit, the result is that, unless
applicants lor tne land wiu tuinisu tne
money, the interests of the State frequently
go unrepresented. I suggest, therefore, that
you give tbe board the uecessary authority
in such cases, and make an appropriation
for that purpose.
VAGRANT tAW. I--'.:'-
' The long continued business depression
in Calitornia and the low fares by steamer
from San Francisco to Portland, have con
tributed to bring into the State during the
present Summer, aswell as the last, an in
flux of tramps and vagabonds, who baye
already become a nuisance to our people.
There is a great increase of crime all over
the State, aud outrages of the most daring
character are frequently reported. Some
portions of the State, and particularly the
towns, are annoyed by the presence of idle
and lawless men, who will do anything but
work to make a living. Prompt and deci
sive measures must be adopted to abate this
nuisance. For my own part, I know of no
more effective way of doing this than the
enactment of a rigorous vagrant law. In a
State like ouis, where any man who will
work can make a living, it ought to be.a
crime for a healthy person to beg.
BOARD OF EQUALIZATION, i
I desire to urge upon you the importance of
taking some efficient measures for equalizing
assessments throughout the State. The bur
den of taxation now falls with unequal weight
upon the different counties, arid inequality in
this matte i is injustice. As a necessary re
sult, also, there is a constant aud serious loss
of public revenue I know of no better
remedy for this evil than the establishment of
a State Board of Equalization, with such limi
tations and restrictions upon its powers as
will prevent injustice to individuals as well
as to counties. I invite your earnest atten
tion to this subject.
CONCLCTIOH.
In closing my term of service as Governor,
I desire to express my acknowledgements to
the outgoing Treasurer. Hon. A. H. Brown,
for his uniform courtesy, and for his acts of
personal kindness during the period of our
official association. . My thanks are also due
to the other officers and employes of the State
for many favors. I shall always hold in grate
ful remembrance my pleasant and friendly re
lations with these gentlemen.
And now, Senators, and Representatives,
permit me, in conclusion, to; wish for you a
harmonious and successful session. . May you
be able to accomplish all that those who sent
you -to these halls, expect at your hands.
May the work that -you do here redound to
your own honor and to tbe permanent good of
the State, and when you return to your con
stituents may they be able to receive you
with the approving salutation: . "Well done,
good and faithful servants."
S. F. Chad wick.
Salem, Sept 9, 1878.
As Anecdote of Eismark. In 1850,
when the tide of political passion was
still .running very high, Bismark went
one day into a tavern in Berlin to take
a glass of beer. A man near him feel
ing himself supported by the presence of
friends began to abuse a member of the
royal family. Bismark looked at him
and quietly said: "If you have not left
this room before I finish my beer I'll
break this pot over your head," .He
then emptied his glass very deliberately
and, as the man took no heed of the
warning, he did as he had threatend.
He went up to the fellow and knocked
him about the head with the pot until
he fell howling on tht ground. Bismark
then asked the waiter: "How much for
the glass 1" and, haying paid for it, he
walked awav leisurely, without any one
having dared to molest him. Even at
that time he was a man of some political
standing and the acknowledged leader
of the Conservative party: , but, true to
his principle, he always took the offen-
are, attacking his adversaries wherever
he met them, and with all weapons.
TIso Care for Gossip. ',
"' Everybody : must talk about - some
thing. The poor fellow who waB told
not to talk for .fear that tho people
would find out that he was a fool, made
nothing by the experiment He was
considered a fool because he did not
talk on some subject or other. . Every
body must have
something:
to say, or
give up society. Of course the topics of
conversation will relate to the subjects
of knowledge. If a man is interested
in science he will talk about science. If
he is an enthusiast in art he will talk
about art If he is familiar with litera
ture, and is an intelligent and persistent
reader, he will naturally forward literary
topics in his conversation. So with
social questions and religious. Out of
the abundance of the hearty the mouth
speaketh. That of which the mind is
full, that with which it is furnished will
come out in expression. ; The very
simple reason why the world is full of
gossip is that those who indulge in it
have nothing else in them. J They must
interest themselves in something. They
know nothing but What they learn from
day to day in intercourse with and ob
servation of their neighbors. What
these neighbors do, what they say, what
happens to them in social or business
affairs, what they wear, these become
the question of supreme interest The
personal and social life around them
this is the book under constant perusal,
and out of this comes that pestiferous
conversation we call gossip, j The world
is tall of it, and in a million houses all
over the country nothing is talked of
but personal affairs of neighbors. "What
is the cure for gossip 1 Simply culture.
There is a good deal of gossip that has
no malignity in it Good-natured peo
ple talk about their neighbors because,
and only because, they have nothing
else to talk about Gossip is always a
personal confession, either of malice or
imbecility, and the young ; should not
only shun it, but by the most thorough
culture relieve themselves from all
temptation to indulge in it It is low,
frivolous and too often a dirty business.
About Beactifci, Women. How
eagerly men are engaged in the pursuit
of beautiful women, and how little do
they dream of its brief existence! This
is undoubtedly in obedience to a su
preme law growing out of our organiza
tion, for who does' not ; love order,
harmony, symmetry, and perfection in
all things But, in this pursuit, it
would be well to remember that there
are qualities of far more importance
than personal charms. True, we may
be fascinated with a dark, lustrous and
beautiful eye, the crimson ; blush of
cheek, and a graceful, symmetrical form;
but, after all, the inquiry should be: Is
there a soul within t Is there elevation
of thought, generous principles, noble
purposes, a cultivated intellect 1 If not,
what else, would a woman of beautiful
personal appearance be but as a doll or
gilded . toy? How long could a man of
genius be induced to worship at such a
shrinel How long before his affections
would assume the form of hatred or con
tempt! Powerful passions and strong
affections invariably accompany the man
oj genius. Hence it is clear that unless
personal charms envelope a cultivated
mind as well as the sterling j qualities of
virtue, the noblest impulses of affection
in such a man will soon be extinguished,
and his fondest hopes blasted in the
selection of a partner for life. Nothinjr
is more desirable to a man of genius in
this life than the ardent affections of
.good sensible woman, and, on the other
hand, no offering on earth is so accept
able to a woman as the sineerest aflection
of the man of genius and truth.
Parepa and Carl Rosa. The pub
lic smiled at the union between the
great Parepa and little Carl Rosa, when
she might have at least been a countess.
The story of the engagement is charac
teristic. Rosa was a leader, quiet
worthy, modest and adoring. ! He never
ventured to press his claims, but his
faithful services made a deeper impres
sion than he had an idea of. i The com
pany was traveling by rail one day,
when Parepa seated herself beside her
silent lover, and remarked his melan
choly. Rosa was blue and down-hearted,
and the good creature tried to cheer
him up. She recommended matrimony
to him, and receiving a despondent re
ply that no woman would marry a man
in his position, she is reported to have
patted him" patronizingly on the head,
with the remark: 'HJheer up, my little
man; if that is all I will marry you my
self." And she did. A happier or more
devoted couple than the big-hearted
prima donna and "her little manager
never existed. ,
Deliverance. A German turner in
Philadelphia, who has persistently neg
lected to support his wife, a little body
with a careworn face, explained his rea
sons in court: "Veil, Shudge, I meni
facters vatchmen's rattles, der best dot's
made, but dot woman's tongue beats my
rattles. She had me in brison elefen
days 'cause I got insane (tapping his
head), shoust on agount of her tongue.
Dere's not anodder tongue in town like
it I can't go from home in de morning
midout de devil's let loose. She's eniif
to set a man vild ven she gets loose mit
her tongue." The magistrate manifested
his sympathy in a, strange but practical
fashion. He committed the prisoner to
the house of correction for three months,
where the poor man will have complete
deliverance from the rattle of that
woman's tongue. ! .
In Favor of Harmpny. -At the
earnest solicitation of his many friends,
a West Hill boy consented to allow his
name and himself to go before a water
melon patch in, the suburbs on Wednes
day night lhe convention was some
what disorderly, owing to the appearance
of a strong delegation from tbe farm
house that came in without Credentials
and insisted on being heard. It was
entirely irregular, of 'course, but all the
same, the boy was seized in an inverted
attitude just as he was climbing over
the fence, and the chairman of, the new
delegation fanned him with! a hedge
switch until he consented, for . the sake
of peace and ( harmony, to withdraw,
which he 'did at the rate of about a
thousand miles an hour. Burlington
Hawkeye,
The late Thomas Goode of Boston
thought his wife's spirit was pursuing
him and jumped out of a Becond story
window just as if it had been she in the
flesh.' !
ITfcat a Fly Ltd.
James Howard, of Walker, married
an interesting young iaay named Bym
niond3 about a year ago, and - they have
lived cosily and happily together ever
since. But the other morning an in
quisitive and hungry fly dropped down
from his perch on the ceiling, and,
stretching his legs, began skirmishing
around for his breakfeast He crawled
slowly around Mr. HowardV coffee-cup
once or twice, sniffing the delicious
aroma, and wondering how he could
manage to get a drink, when his foot
slipped, he lost his grip, and in a mo
ment more was floundering around in
the liquid. His struggles attracted the
attention of James, and he pulled him
out and playfully tossed him across the
table. The unfortunate fly alighted in
a wet and bedraggled condition on Sirs.
IL's plate. She- indignantly : grabbed
him and flung him back into her hus
band 8 plate. James gazed steadily at
her a moment and seeing blood in her
eye, deliberately picked up the fly, and,
with a hand trembling with suppressed
rage, threw it back on her plate. Then
began a regular game of shuttlecock be
tween the two, and that fly flew back
and forth until he was completely worn
out Then the young wife, bursting
into tears, seized her bonnet and rushed
from the house to the residence of her
parents, vowing she would never come
back, and James went out to the barn,
swearing to himself. In an hour or so
the father of the much-abused wife came
over with a team and removed all her
baggage, and now they "meet as friends
no more. . lhey have separated tor
good, and thus two lives are rendered
miserable by the single misstep of a fly.
On such small things do our destinies
depend !
Women's Taste and Smell. The
marked superiority of women over men
is on few " points more remarkable than
in their superior powers of smelling and
tasting. A woman will detect the
faintest odor of tobacco, when a man,
even though a non-smoker, fails to dis
cover any symptoms of it As with
smell, bo with taste. Women are mar-
velously acute and fastidious in the mat
ter of sauces and all flavoring ingredients.
lhis taculty has been recognized in a
most pleasing manner by the composition
of the jury who are to decide in Paris
on the merits of the mustards of various
nations. The mustard Congress is to
consist of twelve gentlemen and an equal
number of ladies. ; This arrangement,
it is stated, is owing to a suggestion
that the palates of men are vitiated by
smoiang; whereas women, who as a
rule do not indulge in that pernicious
habit, are likely to be better qualified to
form a correct opinion on the merits of
condiments. ,
True,
As a purely vegetable family remedy
Pfunder's Oregon Blood Purifier cannot
be surpassed. It regulates the bowels,
liver and kidneys. Removing all
scrofula and impurities from the blood.
Buy it, try it
L. Lemline has opened again at his
old corner, First and Morrison streets.
Church's new building is the.handsomest
structure in Portland, '. and Lemline's
cigar store is fitted up in style suitable
to the best trade in the largest cities in
the world, and his stock of domestic and
imported cigars and tobacco is the best
that money can buy.
'"-'-." '
Davidson Brothers, of Portland, Ore
gon, are leading in the Photographic
business, and have reduced the price of
card photos to $1 50, and cabinets to
$3 per dozen. Their landscape, exterior
and interior views excel everything.
E. J. Nortbrup & Co., of Portland,
have removed into their new store on
the comer of First and Main streets,
where they have opened out their new
stock of Carriage and Wagon material,
and are doing a fine business.
Th Willamette Fever mod Acne Mixture
Prepared expressly for thL climate by
Messrs Pf under & Co., Portland, has
been found to be the best Fever and
Ague medicine ever offered to the citi
zens of Oregon. All druggists have it
for sale.
The sales of Singer Sewing Machines
are wonderfully large. Last year the
Company sold 282,8 1 2 Machines. Such
enormous sales are the best recommend
the Machine could have. 1
tSST In making any purchase or la
writing" In response tor any advertise
ment In this paper yon will pleane men
(ion the name of the paper.
33 .A. G- St
' NEW AND SECOND HAND
Grain Bars, QQxae.
For Sale in low to suit by
WM. S. SIBSON,
SI J Front Street, Portland, Oregon. .
KS" Send for prices. w
EVERDIXO & FA It It ELL,
Dealers In
Grain and all Kinds of Produce,
SACKS, ETC.,
Cor. Front and Alder SU.,fortland, Or.
ALI8KY fc ILBGBLK,
Wholesale Candy Manufacturers,
143 First Street.
FACTORY-28 Alder Street, adjoining Odd Fellows'
Hall, Portland, Oregjn.
MEUSSDOIIFFER.
HATS AND CAPS.
Portland, Oregon.
WHOLE8ALE AND FACTORY 151 Front 8treet.
RETAIL 164 First Street.
T. A.. esTUOWBHIDGE,
Direct Importer tnd Dealer la
LEATHER AND SHOE FINDINGS,
Ho. 141 Front Portland. Or.
X. Franklin Bro. & Co.,
125 First Street.
Next door to First National Bank.,
WHOLESALE k RETAIL
Dry Goods House.
INVITES EVERYBODY TO CALL ROUND AND EX
annue their stock. Will deduct from 10 to 20 per
cent on every dolla m comparison to other houius.
' Send for catalogue vite price list, free of postage.
Special inducements to Dry Goods Store.
ABELL,
FHOTOGBaPMB. .
No. 167 and 169 First Street
Portland, Oregon.
1858.
Froxitj First
THE CELEBRATED BAUST FABIJ TTiLB
This cut represents the BAIN THIMBLE-SKEIN
plete, with Top Box, Holler Brake and Spring Seat. The Bam Wagon is so well
known to the farmers and freiirhters of this coast that it seems needless for us to
say anything in its praise. We have sold them for tbe past thirteen years, and
warranted every one sold, and the total claims for defective material or workman
ship during that time have not amounted to one cent on each wagon sold. This
tact speaks louder tbananyuung we can say in ineir
Patent Bkeln Tightener.
On the Bain Wagon is a valuable improvement, and is
tne coming season au larm wagons will nave ine new j
Patent Oil Tabes with Brass
Which avoid the necessity of taking off the wheels to oil the axles an arrangemen
which teamsters will fully appreciate. We feel safe in asserting that there is no
other wagon in the market that will compare with the Bain as now made, in qualiti
of materia! used, and in completeness and excellency of workmanship. Our
wagons are made to order, especially for our trade, and we pay extra to have all
the timber extra sklectkd out ol thoroughly seasoned stock. , All the wheels are
put through soaked in boiling linseed oil before setting of tires, making shrink
age impossible. Mr. Bain does tbis in a more thorough manner than some others,
who simply make a pretense of doing it, and make tbe application, if at all, only in
"hnmmiuthionttw Th nr. u u ir L- .1ms nrt Imnimr en tIm h.n Kitt. mi. t Via
same time everything j8 well proportioned. We challenge tbe most critical comparison with any and every other make ot waeon, and while we do not
"cheapest" wagon, as far as dollars and cents are concerned, we do claim to sell as good a wagon as can be made, and one that will prove the cheapest in
& Send for Circular and Price Lists.
OREGON HACK OR FOUR SPRING WAGON.
GUARANTEED TO BE THE BEST HACK
THE LARGEST STOCK. THE BEST ASSORTMENT.
The Oldest and Leading House in the Trade and Priees always
1851.
JRAS. Bonos,
T. a. DAVIS,
1878.
eso. w. SKILL,
W. X. 1ESULU.
HODGE, DAVIS & CO.,
IMPORTING
WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS,
AND JOBBERS OF
Window Glass, Oils,
: AND "
PAINTERS' STOCK.
Nos. 92 and 94 Front Street;
COBXEB RTABK.
Hmn Fraaelaco Office 116 Front Street.
Sew York Office 86 Piatt Street.
HAVINO JUST MOVED INTO OCR TiZW STORE
at the above location, we are now better pre
pared than ever to meet tbe wants of our patrons.
Our facilities for business are not surpassed bv those
of any firm on the coast. Our store is new, built espe
cially for us, and with a view solely to the proper dis
play and handling of our goods. Our Stock is large and
complete in sll its branches. In
Drugs and Patent Medicines,
We carry a complete assortment, adding all new rem
edies as fast as they appear.
We have opened a
Druggists' Sundries Department
Complete in all its appointments. We have many Nov
elties in the way of
Toilet Articles,
That must be seen to be appreciated.
We would call particular attention to our stock of
Counter Balances and Druggists'
- Prescription Scales,
By far tbe finest ever brought to this market.
We also offer a new and fine line of SHELF WARE,
and can furnish a full outfit of
GLASS LABELED BOTTLES,
At short notice. To any one wishing to start a new
store, or to replace old ware with new, it is a great ad
vantage to have the bottles labeled at the Factory, thus
insuring the perfect fit of each label.
In White Leads, Mixed Paints, Colors,
Brushes and Painters' Stock
Of all kinds, we have an assortment far surpassing any
thing ever shown in Portland. .
We make a specialty of
LUBRICATING OILS,
And buyin our Stock at first hands can offer superior
inducements to all who deal hi them.
We also carry a very large stock of
COAL OILS,
Embracing all the leading Brands, and we offer tbem at
priees which cannot be beaten. In
Window Glass,
We are prepared to fill orders for 16 and 26o or place.
We have a Stock covering: all sizes from 8x10 to
40x72, and shall be glad to furnish estimates, or any
information desired. "
, NEW MAPS I!
Oregon and WashtnrUii...... 91 0
Washington or Oregon, single ..... 1 OO
These Haps are strongly and handsomely made, in
pocket form, and are made from Croveniment surveys,
complete, to June 1st, 1S7&. Address
J. K. GILL c CO., Portland.
THE CELEBRATED
6(
S I I6E B"
SEWING MACHINES
282,812 31 A C II I i K S
- Sold in 1877,
Belay 20,494 more than sold In any pre.
wlous year.
Save money and buy Mi BEST.
tf Try a SINGER before buying any other.
The Singer Llfg Co.,
1 rtni Street, Portland.
. AGENTS EYSiBYWlTEilE,
IIIJAPP, BU2B3Z.L
and Ash Strcots, Portland, Ore
IMPORTEB6 OS
LMTrjPLEIJENTS and I) J
WAGON, medium si, com
praise, xue
on no other wagon. For
Screw Caps,
'
-
CORBITT Sc
i3vt:
I ' f
' "Hp"--- , ' -
WHOLESALE GROCERS,
AND
COMMISSION
EXPORTERS OF WHEAT, FLOUR, SALMON AND LUMBER,
PARTI CTTLAR ATTENTION GIVES TO CONSIGNMENTS OF WHEAT, FLOUR AND WOOL, UPON ;
which we make libera, cash advances. .
I ! '. ALSO, " ' : j
Agents for Oregon and Washington Territory for the following
FIRE INSURANCE COMPANIES :
Imperial, of London, j .... London, of Lon lon,
VrtftTiAi-Ti n-f T.nnrTnn flnMn: vf T.fvprttnil-
At VA lilivi V va. waan ... ia,vvaaa v-a. . .aus m
AGGREGRATE CAPITAL, $38,000,000,
Deposit In Oregon $200,000 U. . Bonds.
OFFICES 29 and 31 Front Street, 28 and 30 First Street, Portland, Cgr?,
and 202 Sacramento Street, San Francisco.
"BOSS OF THE ROAD,"
DEALER IN ALL THE NEWEST AND FRE8HEST
brar,ds of Cigars and Tobacco, Fruit and Candies,
at 63 North First street, L. Higirina' old stand, next to
Oregon Hotel, Portland, Oregon. i
USE NONE BCT THE
COLUMBIA COAL OIL,
THE BEST IN TUE MARKET.
II. ACKERS AST 4k CO '
Sole Ajrent for the North Pacific Coast,
B and 8 North Front Street, Portland, Osrn.
No. 8. Hail to the CMef No. 8.
WHEELER & WILSON.
THE NEW No. 8, STRAIGHT NEEDLE, BACK
Feed, Lock Stitch .1
SEWING MACHINE,
- . 1
Is prononneed by the people everywhere to be the Best
Familv Machine in use.
tS" Machines sold on tbe note and Installment plan.
A Liberal Discount for Cash.
95 Third Street, Portland, Ogn.
1 F. W. GODARD,
No. 8. No. 8.
I a-t-r 9 till!
mum
SOLE AGENTS FOR THE UNRIVALLED ,
6T150AKD ASD ESTEYi 0KSA5S,
.. D. W. PRENTICE k CO., . '
Music Dealers, Portland, Oregon.
THE PORTLAND SANITARIUM
. Corner Taylor and Second Bta.
Is now open, under the medical supervision of
DR. II CM LOP, ,
- And the general management of tho
BEV. W. C. CHATTIX,
THE CELEBRATED BALSAMIC VAPOR BATH
cures diseases which cannot be reached by ordi
nary means, Rheumatism, Fever and Ague, Asthma,
Bronchitis, incipient paralysis aud Female Complaint.
The establishment is fitted up regardless of exneuae for
the comfort of patients. Qua ified females in attend
ance. Baths of all descriptions can be had. Wonderful
results ara being dally obtained by this new treatment.
Milwaukie Nurseries.
ESTABLISHED 1M7. j
FOR SEASON 1878-79
LARGE STOCK,
LOW PBICES,
' Send for Onr Kw"Caa-.
Seth Lnelling & Sen. .
XXiIwakfe, Oregon
cs
JACfflTJES
at -j
claim to acll the
the end.
-Description and Prices.
r Sitt No. t Patent wheels, three feet eight inches
and tour feet tw Inches High. Solid collar axles, one
and one-eighth inches; plain bed, with patent round
corners; two steps; top ot body bound with Iron;
leather dash; two cushioned seats, with lazy backs; with
pole and ratchet brake.; Capacity, 800 pounds. Prise,
with patent wheels, $200. ; ; hr :
8izs No. 3. Solid collar axles, one and one-fourth
inches; same style and finish as nixe 2. Capacity, 1,000
pounds. Price, $210. j
Sat No. a. One and three-eighths inch solid eoUa
axles; same fittings as other. Capacity, 1,500 pounds.
Price, with patent wheels, $220. - ..
Same wagon with longer bed and three seats, f330.
IN MARKET.
THE LEADING MACHINES.
at the Lowest LiYing Rates.
ItlACIiBAIT,
IIERCHAItTS.
$30. PRICE
MA BUteb In Time Have Kinr;
.u
THE WOPLD RE OWNED
V
vilson 8EWIHC- uinn..
The Best in Use. - -
rrTHTS MACfTINF. IS OVF.-FO! ' RTH FANTPa T'a W
j any jiuer, ana its capacity is unlimited.
ceived ths highest award at the Vienna and C-wntc. k;
Expositions, and at tbe Oregon State Fair. "
The Wilson Mending Attachnie:
For doing- all Kind, of Hepalrlng will,
ont Patent off, -
Given Free with Each Machine.
John B. Garrisoa, Agent,
149 Front Strict,
. Portland, 0gia;
J3TNEEDLE8 for all Machines, Fifty cents par doxrau
$30. PRICE
GREAT REDUCTION IN PRICES. .
J. SIIZON & CO.,
' Dealers In ' j-
Doors, Windows, BILids and Glass
WEIGHTS, CORDS AM) PULLEYS,
ISf Front Rk, bet. Waanl Bton dc Alder.
jet lm PORTLAND, ORIOOJC. -
BURTON HOUSE,
Corner Third and T Streeta,
Near the Steamship Landings aid KaCroad Depot,
PORTLAND, ORE GOT. -
THIS SPLENDID NEW BRICK HOTEL WILL BS
open to the traveling public on aud after August
10,1874 . ,. . .
Lewiston & Fretland, Proprietors
" (Late of Minnesota House.)
Win spar, no pains nor expense to make this house
THE BEST HOTEL IK POSTLAD.
CO.E fc MoKETlCHEn,
Wholesale and R itaU
BOOKSELLERS & STATIONERS
1 Special Agents lor '
FATKCHILr8 COLD PENS, t OLDEN GATE PA
pers, Turkey Feather Dustir, and all leading
bewqiapers and Magazines, No. 4 First Street, Port
land, Oregon.
JOH3 B. PILiKIJfV.rO', M. D.
OCULIST AXD 1CEI8T.
T BEATS DISEASES OF THK EYE,. EAR AND
Throat as SpeoaltieaL .
OFFICE Itekum's Binding, corner First and Wash
ington streets, Portland, Oregon,
4 8pectaelee prescribed for dt; ertivs vision and a
large stock of Artificial Eyes k.e) Hand.
NOTICE.
' Xf nT ten flrod retlf lle ewt9Ber.
trno want to vent fame or land ea
bnrea for tae next I'fcJfJSs hur.
lag, land wnleh taejr w bc3a to re.tt er
lea, will da well to ai tu tic 3? ni
dreaa. & g-j-j g & f 0
" -Oregon A t ',r -
JVi-;Vv"'l;3':.';':. aHwtl ma