Corvallis gazette., June 11, 1907, Image 4

JJJM'ry.
icreaanery
Dark Interiors are unwholesome for
man or beast. Numerous windows
hould be cut In barns previously dark,"
particularly In the south and east and
a few In the west side. Use 9 by 13
half sash, hinged at the bottom and
Opening Inward, as shown In the ac
companying Illustration. The triangu
lar space between the sash and sides
Should be closed. The sash should be
regulated by pins so that It can be
Opened to whatever extent desired.
!The top of the window should be near
the ceiling of the stable. Be sure to
keep the windows clean.
One way to remove the foul air is to
Construct round galvanized iron or
Wooden shafts. The latter should be
made of tightly fitting matched boards.
The interior opening of the shafts
Should be about a foot from the floor,
with a flap near the ceiling to be open
ed and shut, as required. The exterior
opening should be several feet above
the highest point of the barn roof. The
Shaft should contain a damper to regu
late the outgo. It is difficult without
having a particular stable In mind to
give specific directions concerning lo
cation or the number and the size of
Shafts. In general it may be said that
One large flue will prove more effective
than several small ones. This arrange
ment, however, must be governed
Somewhat by the form of the stable.
Allowing some 400 cubic feet of air
Kpace for each animal, a flue 2 by 2
FOB DAIRY BARNS.
feet; inside measure, should change the
air sufficiently often for a stable con
taining twenty cows. Whenever the
construction allows It, the shaft should
be located In the center of the stable,
jln long, narrow stables it should be
.opposite the greatest number of air in
takes. It may be advisable to place a
shaft at each end of the manure gut
ter. 1 It may be possible in some cases, If
the windows are sufIicient,to get along
.without the air shaft. Observation
and experience alone will enable one
to regulate these things. P. H. Smith,
Hatch Experiment Station.
Profit In Fancy Cheese.
I The Camembert cheese can be pro
duced at a profit, as at the present
prices the product of 100 pounds of
milk (fifty quarts) Ia about fifteen
pounds, which should sell at from $0
to $7.50, according to Dr. Charles Thorn
of the experiment station at Storrs,
Conn. The college is experimenting
jjvith this variety of cheese and is pro
ducing au article, as good as the
Imported, which can be made at a
profit. The cream and the Neufchatel
cheese can also be produced profitably,
and the production of these and other
Soft cheeses might be worth the atten
tion of dairymen.
i ' Getting Good Cows,
f Uon't try to put two different ideas
tinder one hide. If you wish a dairy
Cow, breed and care should persistent
ly and unintermitteutly suggest milk
production. It Is Impossible to secure
a good cow by going uut into the world
and crying, "Co, bos!" says a writer
In American Cultivator. There are but
two ways open one that of buying and
the other that of breeding. Buying Is
risky even for an experienced man. A
woman who loves coirs Is often a bet
ter judge.
i In breeding cows the farmer works
In partnership with nature, and nature,
Laving a great deal of time, is never In
a hurry. So the msn dies before the
Work is fully completed. Having got
a good cow, the owner should strive to
keep her in that condition. She Is not
a machine, like a gasoline engine, and
she needs a good deal more care. She
does well in the spring and summer be
cause she has plenty of food and wa
ter. To do well In the fall and winter
Bhe must be kept comfortable and also
have plenty of food and water.
' Where Tuberculosis Breeds.
' Tuberculosis does not find its vic
tims among the scrub cows that
browse the roadsides In summer and
find shelter behind strawstacks in win
ter, nor among those who roam In
wide, well watered pastures and are
boused In barns through whose cracks
the snows and winds of winter sift.
It is among the herds whose winter
quarters are basement dungeons, where
little air and less sunlight find en
trance, and those that are warmly
housed and highly fed on rations calcu
lated to force the secretion of milk
to the utmost limit that the severe
losses occur. It is particularly a dis
ease of pampered animals. The high
ly bred animal is not essentially more
Susceptible; the fault Is with the man
who should be "ahead of the cow" In
stead of "behind her." There are ex
tremes of the Inhuman stables of the
Ignorant and the unnatural conditions
maintained by the "scientific breeder."
The latter class will be the first to
realize their mistake and rectify It
The former will need a deal of educa
tion and demonstration In the line of
sanitation. Farming.
i
I
MAKING PORK QUICKLY.
Sent Point an Hog Raising by an If'
diana Breeder.
When my pigs are three weeks old I
place a shallow trough near that of the
mother, put a little ship stuff and skim
milk in It, shell them a little soaked
I corn near by and In a short time they
will learn to come and eat by them
i selves. At eight weeks old they will
' be able to feed themselves and in this
way will receive no check at weaning:
From this time on the pigs should be
pushed as rapidly as possible, for the
sooner they will weigh 250 pounds the
more profit there is in them.
Hog raising is seldom profitable un
less you have plenty of good pasture.
Blue grass makes a fine hog pasture in
the early spring, and by the time this
becomes woody and tough it is an ex
cellent plan to have a field of red clo
ver to turn them on. There is no bet
ter hog pasture than red clover, and It
can easily be grown almost anywhere,
especially in the corn growing sections.
Alfalfa Is also good.
I do not feed them all the corn they
will eat while on clover, for if they get
too much they will not eat enough clo
ver. Of course clover will not last all
season, but by the time the clover is
gone they will be big fellows and ready
for a full feed of corn, which Is the
cheapest feed for us to finish them
with.
Fall litters of pigs are a little more
expensive to raise on account of hav
ing no green pasture for them while
they are young. But If they are push
ed rapidly from farrowing time, Sept.
20, they will get large enough to stand
the cold weather pretty well. I then
give them a good feed of ship stuff and
oilmeal, with ear corn. They follow
the corn fed cattle and get the warm
corn In the droppings. This sometimes
turns an experiment In cattle feeding
from a loss into a handsome profit on
the corn fed. In mild weather, when
the snow is off, I turn them out in the
pasture to get a bite of grass, but I al
ways ring their noses first Nothing
is more worrisome than to see a drove
of hogs plowing up a nice blue grass
pasture.
Don't put a pig in a 10 by 12 pen
with little or no shelter from sun or
storms and feed him nothing but corn
and dishwater and expect him to make
you a profit Feed him a balanced ra
tion, give him plenty of exercise, a
nice place to sleep, keep salt and ashes
continually before him, let him have
access to good water, keep the lice off
him and there are few things that you
can do that bring you more profit than
the hog. F. W. Copeland, Jefferson
County, Ind., in Farm and Home.
Break the Colt Early,
While colts should have a warm
shelter at night and during stormy
weather, they should have a large
yard in which to exercise. It pays to
thoroughly break them young. Halter
breaking should precede weaning.
During the first winter they should be
broken to harness. Early lessons are
most lasting. With patience, and plen
ty of it, the most stubborn yearling
may be made kind and docile, and
these early lessons will influence him
all his life. Very few horses properly
broken when young ever become balky
or fractious, and if they do it is al
ways the fault of some man who has
more temper than good sense.
THE SWINEHERD.
Cleanly conditions help to ward off
cholera.
If the brood sow is too fat, the pigs
are apt to lack vigor.
There is a better market for medium
sized hogs than for those that are
overgrown.
Do not forget to give the pigs some
wood ashes, as they greatly assist in
building the framework by furnishing
the lime, as ashes are more than 40
per cent lime. It also helps to sweeten
the stomach.
In selecting pigs to keep for breed
ers pick the sow with the longest body..
Care and feed of the pig from, birth
to maturity are the secret of success
and profit.
A good boar will add quality to your
future porkers faster than anything
else.
The boar is half the herd, but the oth
er half is equally important.
The ill bred sow, like the 111 bred
cow, produces poor progeny.
During the first months of a pig's
life growth and Increased weight can
be made cheaper or with less feed
than at any time later on in life.
Farmers Advocate.
Give the brood sows warm, dry sleep
ing quarters. Be sure that there are
no drafts In the pens. Hogs are sub
ject to pneumonia if exposed to cold
and drafts.
The sanitation of the piggery should
be guarded as carefully as the sanita
tion of a hospital. Damp and 111 ven
tilated sleeping quarters are fatal to
pigs, and unless the owner will see to
it that hogs always have a dry and
well ventilated place to sleep he had
much better keep out of the business.
Too heavy a feeding in the first few
days to a strong sow in good condition
Induces scours In the piglings and per- j
haps graver disorders in the sow her
self, says a Canadian breeder. Corn
meal should be used with caution dur
ing the first three weeks after farrow
ing. After that not much caution Is
needed. For the first three weeks aft
er farrowing there Is nothing better
than middlings fed either in diluted
skim milk or water. It is- advisable to
feed warm foods In all cases. Cold wa
ter direct from a well or spring should
not be used for mixing the food. For
the first two weeks we like to scald
the meal Into a thick porridge and
then dilute with water or with milk
and water.
SCUFFLE HOES.
They Are Specially Adapted For Work
With Boot Crops..,
Boot crops succeed best - where, the
weather Is moist and cool; hence their
peculiar adaptation to. western Oregon
and western Washington. In these re
gions the yield of these crops Is enor
mous, the ordinary yield being from
twenty to thirty-five tons per acre,
while reports of forty-five or fifty tons
ire not Infrequent
Mangel wnrzels and rutabagas are
usually grown In rows from twenty-
A SCUFFLE HOE.
Lit Is used In thinning and weeding. A
very effective implement. The blade of
this hoe may be made from an old saw
blade.
two to thirty inches apart Considera
able hand weeding and hoeing between
the hills and along the rows are usual
ly necessary.
When sown In continuous rows, the
thinning Is largely done with a hoe,
striking across the row. As much as
possible of the subsequent cultivation
is done with a horse cultivator.
Instead of the common and wheel
hoes for thinning and weeding some
prefer to use scuffle hoes. When in
use the blade of such a hoe is in a hori
zontal position and is pushed and pull
ed just under the surface of the
ground. The blade of the style shown
In the cut is diamond shaped, about
two inches wide in the middle and half
an Inch wide at each end and about
eight Inches long. Byron Hunter, Bu
reau of Plant Industry.
The New Strawberry Bed.
For starting a strawberry bed the
soil must be well prepared and the
plants well selected and fresh and live
ly. Then proper culture must be given
for the next four months.
Above all things, set only good
plants. You may have bought plants
at high prices and have the feeling
that you cannot afford to lose them,
yet if you find them wilted, showing
no sign of vitality, the only thing is to
throw them away, says Iowa Home
stead. It only adds to your expense and
final disappointment to set out half
dead plants. Better face the loss now
and set only plants that show life.
Then , the culture must be constant
Keep the soil loose and fine as a gar
den until August.
Let the planter be guided by those
principles and then be prepared to
mulch his beds when November comes,
and he will be reasonably sure of a
crop the second year.
Early Blight of Potato Plant.
Early blight of the potato is caused
by the growth of the fungus Alternaria
solani In the spots on the leaves. It
appears before or about the time the
tubers begin to form, or when any
thing else lowers the plant's vitality,
and is indicated by grayish brown
spots, with faint concentric circles like
target marking on the. leaves. These
spots gradually become larger, and in
ten days half of the leaf may be brown
and withered and the rest of an un
healthy yellow color, though the stems
may remain green, or the disease may
progress more slowly. Of course the
tubers stop growing as the leaf sur-
BLIGHT OF POTATO LE4VES.
face Is destroyed, and the crop Is cut
short This early death of the leaves
is often so common that it is thought
to be the natural ripening of the vines,
but when sprayed vines lire many
weeks longer and produce a mnch
larger, crop the difference Is readily
Been.
The treatment is thorough spraying
with bordeaux mixture. A- mistlike
spray should be put on all parts of the
vine, paris green being added to kill
the Insects.
The McCormack potato, now much
grown In Maryland, seems decidedly
resistant to this disease. J. B. S. Norton.
WHIMS. IK WILLS.
Curious Obligation Attached to Deeds
of Property.
The eccentricity of men show3 it
self in no more extraordinary form
than in obligations .attached to
deeds of property, by which some
whim of the seller is forced upon all
future owners. .
The Quakers who founded Phila
delphia sometimes asserted them
selves in this way after death. The
owners of some of the valuable lot3
in that city are compelled to build
houses of no more than two stories
upon 'them. Upon others back
buildings cannot be erected "lest
God s air and sunlight be hindered
unduly in their goings."
A plantation in Virginia was left
by George Jordan, a lieutenant colo
nel under Washington, with the pro
vision that "every owner thereof
shall hold on Oct. 15 of each year a
1 religious service in his house, where
j prayer shall be offered and a sermon
1 preached in memory of my daughter
. Fortune, and this obligation shall
i hold good though a thousand gen
i erations shall pass."
I A valuable property in Pennsyl
vania was bequeathed to a church on
condition that the congregation
each year should send a rose to the
head of the family who gave it.
Nearly two centuries have passed,
but the rose was given last year to
a descendant of the kindly though
whimsical donor.
' It was not an uncommon act in
England during the middle ages to
leave an estate encumbered with a
dole, which was sometimes bestow
ed in a fantastic way. An heir was
obliged to give flitches of bacon
yearly to the married woman who
never scolded her husband or so
many loaves of bread or stacks of
fagots to poor soldiers.
The owner of a house in Smith
field is said to have been compelled
on the anniversary of a certain mar
tyrdom to cover a gravestone in the
churchyard of St. Bartholomew's
with shining sixpences for the wid
ows of the parish.
What He Missed.
An actor without funds managed
in some way to get a second class
ticket on a line of steamers running
between Seattle and San Francisco.
The voyage between these two
points consumed the better part of
three days, and in view of the fact
that his finances were at a low ebb
he solved the question in this way:
The first day out he slept all day to
keep from eating and remained up
all night to keep from sleeping. The
sec d day he took physical culture
exercises. On the third dav he could
not stand the strain any longer and
went down in the dining room and
ordered the best meal on board the
boat. While eating this meal he
could see in his mind's eye a picture
of a cell in the bastile in San Fran
cisco. After finishing his meal he
said to the waiter, "How much do I
owe you?" "Nothing," replied the
waiter. "Your meals were included
in your ticket."
Saw His Finish.
Mrs. Brown awoke her husband in
the dead of night with the startling
information that she had just heard
a burglar in the room below.
"Now," she exclaimed excitedly,
"he's lighting one of those cigars I
gave you for your birthday. I heard
him pick up the box and put it down
again." Then John sat up and lis
tened. By jove, Mary, you're right !"
he answered. "He is ! He's actually
smoking one of those er er
those cigars." Then he nestled
once more comfortably beneath the
blankets: "Go to sleep again,
Mary," he said complacently. "We'll
find the poop wretch in the morn
mg. Was it Possible?
A minister who was waiting for a
train was beguiling the time by talk
ing to a half witted boy.
"I say, Jamie," said the minister,
"were you ever at school ?"
"Yes, sir, sure enough."
"And who had the honor to be
your schoolmaster ?"
"Maister Black, sir," replied Ja
mie. "How strange! Why, Mr. Black
was my schoolmaster also !"
For a moment Jamie was silent,
then said, looking straight at the
; minister, "Mon, who'd ha' thocht
old Black could ha' turned oot two
like us?" London Standard.
Insomnia.
"Insomnia is caused by a surplus
of blood in the brain, and the only
way to cure it is to remove the
cause," says a very wise doctor.
"Long continued mental labor
should, of course, be avoided. It
keeps the blood vessels of the brain
constantly filled, and when it is over
they cannot contract. Tight cloth
ing tends to throw the blood to the
brain, and it should be avoided. The
feet should be kept warm, since cold
extremities interfere with circula
tion. Unless the malady results
from moral causes a little care and'
common sense are all that is nec
essary to cure it."
LANDS ON , ITS FEEV
. . --" .
The Fall of the Cat and the Curiosity
1 of Scientists
The curiosity of scientists knows '
no bounds. The French Academy
of Sciences once had under pxami
nation and discussion the very in
teresting question, "Why does a cat
always fall on its feet?" - The old
answer, "In order that it shall not
break its back," did not serve in
this investigation. Members of the
academy were desirous of ascertain
ing not only the Veal reason, but the
precise method by which a cat, when
dropped feet upward, manages to
turn over instantly in the air, with
no object to brace itself against in
order to procure the muscular reac
tion that would seem to be necessary
for the revolution.
To assist its . study the distin
guished members of the academy
had one of its scientists prepare a
series of instantaneous photographs j
showing a cat in various stages of a
fall from a considerable height.
These photographs were obtained
under the personal inspection of a
committee, and several successful
"drops," which the unfortunate cats
must have been totally unable to
account for, were necessary.
The photographs, it may be men
tioned, failed to establish anything,
.except that the cat actually turned
over in the air. As to how she did
it, they afforded no clew. And as it
was already known that she did it,
the camera may be said to have con
tributed nothing toward the solu
tion of the problem.
The committee next set itself
about settling the matter by discus
sion. Several members presented
their theories and compared notes, j
The laws of mechanics and geome- 1
try were applied to the known
movements of the cat, with no other
effect than to prove that a cat can
not possibly turn over in the air,
which, however, it is well establish- .
ed that she does.
One academician maintained that
the animal is able to displace its in
ternal organs in such a way as to
affect its center of gravity while in
the air, causing it to turn, by a new
center of weight, to one side and
then, by another displacement, to
throw the weight so that its back ,
comes uppermost. i
This claim, however, was but an
unproved theory. Another man of
science insisted that at the very in
stant when the cat is dropped, say,
from the hands of the person who
holds her, feet uppermost, she is
able to make an impulsive move
ment, using the operator's hands to
push against, as it were. At all
events the cat begins to turn in- '
stantly upon being let go.
However, it has against it the ,
fact that the cat turns successfully
when there are no hands or other
objects to push against when, for
instance, she is firmly held, back
downward, by threads, which are cut
at the right moment, allowing her to
drop suddenly. New York Times.
Historical Accuracy.
An American traveler visited
Warwick castle during his tour of
Europe. A tall young soldier took j
him through the historic house,
pointing out each object of interest
with a long stick.
" 'Ere, sir," he said in one of the
state chambers, "'ere is an ancient
old portrait of Queen Bess. A fine
work. j
The American looked at the por- j
trait, and there was a long, imoress- ,
ive silence. To break this silence
more than for any other reason the .
visitor finally said: i
"Queen Bess, eh ? She was a pret- i
ty old lady when she died, wasn t
she?"
The snide shook his head.
. "Not pretty, sir, but very old," he j
said.
An Essential Article.
An artist was talking about Wal
ter Appleton Clark, who died at the
beginning of his artistic career.
"And Clark," he said, "had a strong
sense of humor. I remember going
through a millionaire's stables with
him one day. You know what a mil
lionaire's stables nowadays are like
floors and walls of translucent
white tiles, drinking fountains of
marble, mahogany mangers, silver
trimmings, and so forth and so on.
" 'Well, gentlemen,' said the mil
lionaire proudly, 'is anything lack
ingP " 1 can think of nothing,' said
Clark, 'except a sofa for each
horse.'"
Easily Solved.
A country schoolmaster thus de
livered himself:
"If a carpenter wants to cover a
roof fifteen feet wide by thirty
broad with boards five feet broad by
twelve feet long, how many boards
will he need?"
A new hoy took up his hat and
made for the door.
"Where are you going?" asked
the master.
"To find a carpenter," replied the
boy. "He ought to know that bet
ter than any of us fellers." Lon
don M-ai,
1
Directions - For- Dry Cleaning Dolteato
Laces Domestic Gossip.
Delicate or fine old laces may be
dry cleaned at home if they have
not been allowed to get too soiled
by means of breadcrumbs or a mix
ture of equal parts of flour and mag
nesia. When using bread, rub the
crumbs in with a soft cloth, chang
ing crumbs and cloth directly they
look soiled. In the method of using
flour and magnesia rub the mixture
well in with cloths and allow the
lace to stay a few hours before shak
ing and brushing it. Pull into shape,
tack down on a piece of white paper
and leave under a weight.
Lace handkerchiefs may be finish
ed successfully on the window pane.
Pull into shape and lay on the glass,
pressing out every wrinkle. They
will tlry smooth and ready for use.
Renovating Ostrich Plumes.
The whole secret in renovating
feathers is starch, raw, not boiled,
as that would act like glue. Take
three tablespoonfuls of raw starch
to one pint of cold water, into which
put the feathers. After they have
been washed and rinsed press in &
dry cloth with the hands, squeezing
as dry as possible, then hang in a
draft to dry. When quite dry, shake
thoroughly. As the starch flies off
in a cloud every flue will rise, and
the plume will be just as full and
rich as when new. Hang over steam
of a boiling kettle. Do not curi
near the stem, as it gets too narrow
that way. When curling have the
forefinger of the left hand parallel
with the stem.
To Remove Moles.
Moles must be very carefully
touched. They are apt to turn iritG
troublesome sores if tampered with.
Mix equal parts of white vaseline
and salicylic acid and apply to them
at night. In a few days they will be
come a little sore and in time drop
off. If very prominent, tie a bit of
white silk thread tightly around
close to the face. This takes all
nourishment from the mole, and it
will dry up and drop off. Do this only
one at a time. Be careful not to
pick them.
Hair Curling Lotion.
A very nice curling fluid is made
of five-eighths of a dram carbonate
of potash, a quarter dram powdered
cochineal, half dram ammonia, wa
ter, one ounce glycerin, three-quarters
of an ounce rectified spirits,
half a pint violet water and two
drams violet extract. This should
stand a week and then be filtered.
The hair must be very clean and
dry. Moisten with this lotion and
put up on kids or ribbons.
Freckle Remover.
A lotion of one part good Jamaica
rum to two parts lemon juice and a
little glycerin is one recipe for re
moving freckles. Another one,
which is prepared easily, requires
one ounce of alum, one ounce of
lemon juice and one pint of rose
water. Bose water and lemon juice
are excellent for removing tan one
spoonful of lemon juice in a half
pint of rose water.
For Swollen Feet.
A bath that quickly relieves
tired, swollen feet is to mix half an
ounce of powdered alum, an ounce
of sea salt and one of borax and put
a teaspoonful in a foot tub. Soak
the feet a quarter of an hour. Dry,
pass a white ribbon under the foot,
bring it over the instep and pas3
around the ankle. This prevents
swelling and is a great relief.
Cleaning Chamois Skins,
To clean dirty chamois skins rub
them with soft soap and allow them,
to stand for a couple of hours and
then rub thoroughly till clean. Einse
them in a weak solution of warm
water, soda and yellow soap and
dry quickly. It is necessary to have
a little soap in the rinse water, or
the chamois will be stiff and wiry. ,
To Remove Mildew.
Put the things to be cleaned into
a pail of warm water until they are
completely soaked, then take out
soaking wet and hang on clothes
line in sun and put a thick layer of
common brown soap on, then thick j
layer of salt. Let hang until dry
and repeat next day in sun. Be sure !
to use plenty of soap. j
Scorched Woolens.
Treat a scorch precisely as you
would any other stain. Sponge the
stain with a mixture of equal parts
of alcohol, ether and naphtha or
benzine, changing the sponge sever
al times. It is possible to remove it
by washing with good suds made of
lukewarm water and white soap.
Wipe dry.
t Emergency Stove Polish.
Soft coal soot makes an excellent
stove polish. Put a quart of soot in j
some old vessel. Put a teaspoonful ;
of molasses in a cupful of vinegar.
Pour this mixture on the soot and
stir until it is a paste. It can be put ,
on nicely when the stove is warm or ,
ALL OVER THE- HOUSE.
COld. ' . : . - .. .