i
GAZETTE
SEMI-WEEKUY.
JEEt$S&Sim. I Consolidated Feb., 1899.
CORVALLIS, BENTON COUNTY, OREGON, TUESDAY, MAY 22, 1900.
VOL. I. NO. 4.
OLD TIMES.
There are no days like the good old
days
The days when we were youthful!
When humankind were pure of mind
And speech and deeds were truthful;
Before a love for sordid gold
Because man's ruling passion.
And before each dame and maid became
Slaves to the tyrant fashion.
There are no girls like the good old girls
Against the world I'd stake 'em!
As buxom and smart and clean of heart
As the Lord knew how to make 'em!
-iney were ricn in spirit and common
sense,
A piejy all-supportin';
They could bake and brew, and had
taught school, too.
And they made the likeliest courtin'!
There are no boys like the good old
boys
When we were boys together!
When the grass was sweet to the brown
bare feet
That dimpled the laughing heather;
W ben the pewee sung to the summer
dawn
Of the bee in the willowy clover,
Or down by the mill the whip-poor-will
Echoed his uight song over.
There is no love like the good old love
the love that mother gave us!
We are old, old men, yet we pine ngaiD
For that precious grace God gave us!
So we dream and dream of the good old
tunes.
And our hearts grow tenderer, fonder
As those dear old dreams bring soothing
gleams
Of heaven away off yonder. , k .
Eugene Field. K f
i A LATIN LESSON. I
w m
rT was a year since he had left Chi
llcago, and In all that time she had
heard nothing from him. It seemed
strange! tney had been such friends
Indeed, more than friends, for he had
seemed to like her much, and had
sought her society on every possible oc
casion. The day before he was to leave
he had come by appointment to see
her. She had noticed with concern
that his manner was chill and con
strained, but had had no opportunity
to dissipate that chill by her own cor
diality. Although It was not their reg
ular reception day, the drawing-room
was full of people, and her sister, who
was apt upon occasion to monopolize
his attention, never left them alone for
SHE HAD NOT BEEN MISTAKEN; HE HAD
I.OVED EBB AFTER ALL.
a moment, although he prolonged his
stay until after the last visitor had left.
"Surely he will write," she had said
to herself, and for weeks the postman's
ring had caused a quick fluttering of
the heart which subsided into the dull
ache of disappointment when the long
ed-for letter never came. She had heard
of him often from common friends, of
his success socially and financially In
the distant city which he had made his
home, and had slowly and unwillingly
resigned herself to the conviction that
their friendship had been but an epi
sode. And now she held in her hand
the announcement of his marriage to
another woman. She felt glad that the
family had regarded him as her sister's
admirer.
Slowly she went upstairs to her room
and unlocked her desk, taking from an
inner drawer a small stock of treasures
a dozen notes, some dried violets, candy
box, ribbons, and other souvenirs equal
ly trifling. She must destroy them now,
she was too old-fashioned to preserve
such memorials of another woman's
husband. Violets and ribbons were
soon in ashes on the hearth, but each
note in the packet was opened and
read before being sacrificed. She was
naturally methodical and they came In
correct order. She smiled bitterly to
herself to see how little there was real
ly in them. Even Mrs. Bardell's law
yer would have been puzzled to find on
those pagfs anything tender or com
mittal. What a fool she had been! She
finished the holocaust and turned to re
place the empty drawer. It stuck and
had to be pulled out again. Looking
for the obstruction, she found another
note the last one which she had
mourned as lost. Now she remembered
that she had put it away, after reading
it hastily, for there were people waiting
below. It announced that he was com
ing to see her that afternoon and re
quested that she would not fail to be
in. Just above the signature was a sen
tence In Latin, rapidly and Illegibly
written his handwriting at its best
was difficult to decipher. She started as
she remembered that in the hurry of
'that long-ago afternoon she had put off
translating Latin. He knew that she
had studied the language, for be had
tooce asked her, seemingly apropos of
nothing, but she had not told him that
she had forgotten nearly all of it since
lsaving school. She rushed for the die -
tionary ana reaa unaerstanaingiy ror
the first time the neglected message,
the gist, as it proved, of the whole:
"O love of mine; my bleeding heart
lies at thy feet; deign to accept the of
fering of thy slave."
She had not been mistaken; he had
loved her, after all, but why did he
bow could he trust a living story to a
dead tongue? And why had she, how
ever hurried, left a word of that letter
unread?
The letter was clutched convulsively,
the lexicon dropped to the floor, and
her head weit down on her arm In a
passion of futile tears. Philadelphia
Item.
M. GALLIFET AND HIS FISH.
He Caught It in the Presence of Napo
leon Til. and It Made Trouble.
In the etats de service of Gen. Galli
fet the present War Minister of
France, there Is a curious note which
should endear him to the hearts of all
fishermen. After paying a just tribute
to his abilities, the note reads:
"But, unfortunately, he selects ex
traordinary companions."
Thereby hangs a fish story. Long
ago, In the days of the second empire,
Gallifet was the aid-de-camp of Napo
leon III. At St Cloud his quarters
were Just over tne imperial bedroom.
Everything around bim was very grand
and very gloomy. The window of his
room looked upon the pond that wash
ed the walls of the chateau. The water
was clear, and the surrounding scen
ery was beautiful; but the young lieu
tenant felt like a prisoner. Early one
morning while seated at his window
trying to drive away the blues with a
cigar he espied below In the crystal
water an enormous carp. The instincts
of the angler, strong in Gallifet, made
the young man's eyes snap and set his
heart a-throbbing.
The big fish was the private property
of the Emperor. Consequently, for
Gallifet it was forbidden fish. But it
was such a fine fellow! The resist
ance of the soldier's ccnscience was
useless. It surrendered uncondition
ally. The remaining part of the cam
paign against the carp was simple
enough. Gallifet went to his trunk.
brought out his trusty line, to which
Le fastened a hook and an artificial
bait With his accustomed skill he
cast the line. The carp was hocked
and hauled in through the window.
Here the lieutenant's run ended and
his trouble began. The fish landed
upon a table, overturned a large globe
filled with water, and caromed from
that to a magnificent vase, which It also
upset and smashed to pieces upon the
floor. Then It began to execute a genu
ine pas de carpe among the smither
eens. The Emperor, hearing the strange
racket overhead and seeing the water
trickling through the ceiling, was aston
ished. He rushed upstairs to find out
what was the matter. Gallifet heard
him coming and endeavored to grab
the carp and throw it out of the win
dow, and thus destroy the evidence of
his poaching in the imperial pond. But
the slippery thing was hard to hold; so
he tossed it into the bed and covered
it up with the bed clothes. When the
Emperor entered the room he noticed
immediately the quivering bed clothes.
He pulled them down and uncovered
the floundering fish. His majesty's
face assumed an almost Jim-Jamie ex
pression, which gradually faded into a
faint smile. He took In the entire situ
ation, saluted, and left the future War
Minister to meditate upon the mysteries
of a fisherman's luck.
Shaved Without Arms.
American men think it a very merito
rious and remarkable accomplishment
to be able to shave themselves. Yel
Charles Francis Felu, the armless Bel
gian artist who has Just died in his
seventieth year, performed this ardu
ous office every morning for himself,
and did not consider that he was do
ing anything unusual.
When a baby Felu related how he
used to sit In the garden with his
mother during the long summer days
while she taught him to pluck with his
little toes the bright colored flowers
with which their garden abounded. For
tified by this practice his baby feet be
came daily more flexible and useful to
ineir nrae master, and when he had ,
reached the age of 6 he could do almost
as much with them as his little com-
panions And playmates could do with
their hands.
In latar years, when he commenced
the study and pm-suit of his favorite
art painting, It was a wonderfully in-'
teresting sight to watch the gifted boy
at work.
He always held his palette with the
great toe of his left foot and manipu
lated the different brushes, crayons and
pencils with the toes of his right foot
Always when at table he skillfully
managed his knife and fork.
Held Reformer to His Word.
When a beggar asked a Philadelphia
stationer the other day for help the
latter offered him two lead pencils,
saying: "With half the effort required
in begging you can easily sell these for and blotting paper pudding.
5 cents apiece." The beggar gazed at But no lady's bedroom is well furnlsh
the pencils scornfully. "Who'd give ed unless 'A has one or more rocking
me 5 cents for them?' he demanded, chairs. Figure 14 is a pattern for a
"Why, anybody, said the stationer,
Go out and try It" "Would you?"
asked the beggar. "Why, certainly,"
was the reply. A smile of triumph '
spread over the grimy features of the
mendicant "Here you are, then," he
said. "Gimme the 10 cents. You can't
go back on your own word." It took
the stationer several minutes to re
cover his breath, but he finally entered
into the dealt and hereafter he will
adopt' other tactics. Hartford Times.
It's unwise to Judge a man by the
umbrella he carries until you find out
who owns It
rvrTT fMYYl AlMfi QY'itl
u J DViD JmJ J0.
1
( HIJ IS T.WEIR DEPARTMENT OF
THE PAPER.
tcaalnf Si. y-jib- and C-to Dolnso aC the
Little Folks Everywhere, Gathered
and Printed Hensi tor All Ot ier rft
tie One to Baud.
A boy wno io evidently very nice to
his little sisters writes to the Cincin
nati Enquirer a description of a lot of
paper furniture he made for the girls'
doll house. As he tells how the articles
are cut and shaped we reprint the ar
ticle tor the benefit of our little read
ers: There Is nothing more cheerful than
an open fire in the dining room, and a
paper lady has Just as much right to
cheerful surroundings as any one else
who depends entirely upon other peo
ple's labor for their comforts in life.
Figure 6 Is a pattern for a fireplace for
cut-soy
J
f 7
FIREPLACE, VASE, CLOCK A.Ki CHAIR.
the dining-room. The heavy black lines
show where to cut with the scissors.
The dotted lines show where to fold
the mantle to give It the form of Fig-
ure 7.
When the space In the panel above
the mantel is cut out, as shown In the
diagram, paste a colored picture from
some paper on the back, so that the
panel frames the picture, as In Figure
7. Bend the grate back inside the fire
place, and fill it with crumpled pieces
of bright red paper to represent fire.
The paper fire will be warm enough for
a paper doll, and prevent her from suf
fering with cold feet. Figure 8 shows
bow to make vases of flowers, the point
ed ends at the bottom being intended to
stick through the slits cut in the top of
the mantel.
Figure 9 shows how to make a man
tel clock. A grandfather s clock to
match the Janice Meredith chairs can
be made by simply making Figure 9
three times as long as It appears in the
illustration.
Dolly cannot sleep upon the chairs,
and a bed Is as necessary a thing for
the bedroom as a stove is for the kitch
en. Figure 13 tells you Just how to
build a four-post bed for the little miss.
SEND THIS UP
a a
i
r?
a
jC
TEE JOUa-POBi' BHD.
but it does not tell you how to make
the mattress and bedclothes.
A small paper bag of tissue or some
other kind of very light paper made to
fit the bedstead will answer for the
mattress cover, and if this Is filled with
small crumpled bits of tissue paper It
will make as soft a mattress as the most
dainty paper doll could wish for a good
night's rest or an afternoon nap.
Make the sbaets o fine white tissue
paper and a coverlid of seme bright col
ored paper. The bolster can be made of
a roll of soft paper and the pillows
made In the same way as the mattress.
White paper bags make beautiful pil
low slips, and If you have some old
candy boxes you can use the paper lace
with which to trim your pillow shams.
Dolly 's now ready to gD to bed and
sleep a sweet paper sleep and dream
habov paper dreams of pasteboard nles
bedroom rocking chair, and Fisrure 15
shows how the chair looks when it Is
finished and ready for yonr little house-
keeper to sit in and rock while she does
her I'ency work or chats with her paper
friends upon the prevailing styles.
Mathematical Music Made Easy.
You never can tell what figures will
lo. Of course they are truthful if prop
erly handled, but some of them are ea
table of the most bewildering antics.
Here is a method oj which figures may
1 e made to tell secrets in a way that
will astonish those who are not Inform
ed about how to do the "figuring:"
iron
i
I stMO this up ( J
Ben 9
YHIi UP
Ask some person to put down un
known to you a number composed of
three figures Csay 762). Tell him to
transpose the figures (making 267) and
to subtract the lesser from' the greater.
Then ask him to tell you the first figure
of the result and you can tell him the
entire number. For instance, your first
number In the present example Is 762,
which transposed makes 267. Subtract
tract 267 from 762 and you have 495.
The only figure that you are told is
4, the first of the result All you have
to do is to subtract 4 from 9, which will
give you 5, the last figure, and the cen
tral figure Is always 9. So your num
ber will be 495. This Is true in all cases
where only three figures are used in
making up a number. The central fig
ure will always be 9 when the trans
posed number is subtracted from the
original number, and the two end fig
ures when added together will make 9.
So, knowing either the first or last fig
ure of the result you can give the en
tire number.
Chinese Boys as Soldiers.
In China the boy soldiers are better
drilled than the men. Every Chinese
banner regiment has its troop of boy
foldie s, carefully exercised, and far
superior in discipline to the rest of the
army. They carry old flint-lock mus
kets, and show themselves expert In
the use of those antiquated weapons.
The military spirit which seems al
most ext'net in China, If the behavior
of the Chinese armies in the war with
Japan Is any Indication, seems to be
strong yet in the children, and this fact
gives some promise that the future of
China will not be altogether clouded.
American boys could not show greater
earnestness or readiness than these
11. tie soldiers of the Orient to whom
China will ere long be looking for sup
port and defense. These boyish evolu
tions took place at the recent triennial
review of the forces of the southern
provinces of China.
Toy Trains on the Map.
On the floor of a room of one of the
leading board schools In South London
is a plan of South Africa nearly twenty
feet square. Toy trains run on the rail
way lines, the rivers are in white chalk,
and the whole plan has been carefully
constructed to scale for the instruction
of the children.
POWER OF HIGH EXPLOSIVES.
Misconceptions of the Force Exerted by
Dynamite and Gunpowder.
There Is a widespread misapprehen
sion in regard to the devastating effect
of these high explosives, for when un
confined the effect even of large
charges of them upon structures is
comparatively slight. At the naval
ordnance proving grounds, so long ago
as 1884, repeated charges of dynamite,
varying from five pounds to one hun
dred pounds in weight were detonated
on the face of a vertical target consist
ing of eleven one-Inch wrought Iron
plates bolted to a twenty-inch oak
backing, until 440 pounds of dynamite
had been so detonated in contact with
it, and yet the target remained practi
cally uninjured, while at Braamfontein
the accidental explosion of fifty-five
tons of blasting gelatin, which was
stored in railway vans, excavated but
30,000 tons of soft earth.
This last may seem a terrible effect,
but the amount of explosive involved
was enormous and the material one of
the most energetic that we possess,
while, if we compare It with the action
of explosives when confined, its effect
becomes quite moderate. Thus at Fort
Lee, on the Hudson, but two tons of
dynamite placed in a chamber In the
rock and tamped brought down 100,000
tons of rock; at Lemberis, Wales, two
tons and a half of gelatin dynamite
similarly placed threw out 180,000 tons
of rock, and at the Talcen Mawr, In
Wales, seven tons of gunpowder, placed
in two chambers of the rock, dislodged
from 125,000 to 200,000 tons of rock.
We might cite many such examples,
but on comparing these we find that
the gunpowder confined in the interior
at the Talcen Mawr was over forty-
two times as efficient as the explosive
gelatin on the surface at Braamfon
tein, while the dynamite at Fort Lee
was over ninety times as destructive.
Popular Science Monthly.
Never Admit Defeat.
Never admit defeat or poverty.
though you seem to be down and have
not a cent Stoutly assert your divine
right to be a man, to hold your head up
and look the world In the face; step
bravely' to the front whatever opposes,
and the world will make way for you.
No one will insist upon your rights
while you yourself doubt that you pos
sess the qualities requisite for success.
Never allow yourself to be a traitor to
your own cause by undermining your
self-confidence.
There never was a time before when
persistent original force was so much
In demand as now. The namby-pamby,
nerveless man has little show in the
hustling world of to-day. In the twen
tieth century a man must either push
or be pushed.
Every one admires the man who can
assert his rights and has the power to
demand and take them If denied him.
No one can respect the man who slinks
in the rear and apologizes for being In
the world. Negative virtues are of no
use in winning one's way. It is the
positive man, the man with original
energy and push that forges to the
front Success.
Relief Farm in Cuba.
In the province of Matanza., Cuba,
at Celba Mocha, an Industrial relief
farm Is carried on by a New England
relief society. Its first crop was early
potatoes. Nearly all the cultivating
and harvesting were done by war wid
ows and orphans. During the Insurrec
tion 8,000 reconcentrados were crowd
ed together at Celba Mocha. Eight
hundred are left Five thousand are
in cemetery near by.
RAM'S HORN BLASTS.
Y amine Notes Calling the Wicked o
Repentance.
aOD'S work never
waits on the man
who is not ready.
In order to show
us the stars God
had to give us
night
Before the devil
can be chained the
saloon door must
be shut
Nothing tan sin
ever made any
body doubt tbt. di
vinity of Jesus Christ
Prayer for daily bread Is answered
with dally strength.
To nail your doctrines to the cross
will not take away your sins.
Good fortune sometimes comes to see
us In a very shabby looking carriage.
The devil probably dressed In white
on the day the cigarette was Invented.
A man had better sleep In sloth than
keep himself awake with wickedness.
There can be no refinement of man
ners where there is corruption of mor
als. It would puzzle an onion to under
stand what there is about a rose that
people like.
Angels weep on the day that a young
man begins to spend more money than
he can make.
The cross corrects the pessimism of
the reign of natural law by the revela
tion of the reign of divine love.
Many a man whose prayers were
long will be kept out of heaven be
cause his yardstick was too short
When an evil thought Is trying to
force itself upon your mind, the devil Is
knocking at the door of your heart
The man who says, "Our Father," In
honest prayer, will not be found stand
ing with his foot on his brother's neck.
YANKEE HENS IN SOUTH AFRICA.
Change Their Nature After Having
Been Acclimated in Boerdom.
"One of the greatest troubles experi
enced by people living in tropical coun
tries," said L. T. Varden.-of Chicago,
at the Gllsey house, "is to obtain meat
of a quality fit to eat Take the Phil
ippines, for instance. The cattle there
are magnificent to look at hut they
cut up into mighty poor food, being fat
and also stringy. Almost all the meat
used by our men there comes from
Australia, being brought in refrigera
tor ships, from which it Is Issued three
times a week. The Australian Is as
good beef as a man would care to eat
There is, or rather was for it is nearly
a year and a half since I was there a
lack of poultry, also. No hens or
chickens can be obtained, but only
ducks, which is an exceedingly poor
substitute for a hen's egg, in my esti
mation. I understand that since then
they have tried to remedy this and
other deficiencies by importing hens
and other things, but I doubt the. suc
cess of the experiment, for the climate,
different kind of food and the like, may
change the flesh of the fowl and the
quality of the egg. C. A. Williams, a
friend of mine, who used to be United
States consul at Johannesburg, and
who now lives in the Transvaal, told
me that when he first went to South
Africa he endeavored to raise the char
acter and quality of his table supplies
by Importation. The meat In South
Africa was poor, but that could not be
helped. American fowls, Williams
thought, would be a decided Improve
ment over those of the Transvaal, and
their eggs would enable him to begin
each day with an easy stomach and a
satisfied mind. So he brought out a
flock of American-bred poultry. At
first all went well; the breakfast egg
was a godsend and the occasional
chicken at dinner all that he had fond
ly anticipated, but then there came a
change, at first so gradual that Will
iams was Inclined to attribute It to loss
of appetite. The breakfast egg grew
coarse and coarser in flavor until it be
came wholly uneatable and the dinner
chicken deteriorated in similar manner
and with identical result. With the
former, however, the outward appear
ance of the egg remained the same, but
the poultry not only changed In qual
ity and flavor of flesh, but also in ex
ternal appearance as well. Without
Increasing the size of the body, the
necks grew longer and thinner and. the
legs lengthened out of alt proportion,
until at last the hens resembled noth
ing so much as diminutive ostriches.
They were unfit to eat and of no other
domestic use, and so Williams gave
them awav to the Kaffirs, but for some
time he thought of exhibiting them j
here at a poultry show, mainly to as
certain what names competent judges
would apply to them, but the expense
deterred him. He also had another
scheme to get even, which was to en
ter the roosters in cocking mains.
Williams said they could lick anything
that wore feathers, short of an eagle
or an ostrich, and that there was not a
dog In the Transvaal that would come
anywhere near his house while they re
mained his property, so utterly had the
few dogs which had tried conclusions
with them been routed." New York
Tribune.
Vaat Coat of Imported Perfnm.-s.
A recent compilation of statistics
shows that in 1899 American dealers
bought m&re than $500,000 worth of
foreign cosmetics and perfumes. The
late Kate Field said, a few years ago,
that American women spend $32,000,
000 a year in those toilet luxuries, "most
of which," she said, "are poisonous."
Anti-Blood Clrculationfstg.
A society has been formed in Berlin
jto combat the heresy of the circulation
pf the blood. The members show their
zeal by interrupting the medical lec
tures at the university by protests.
A woman has a terrible struggle with
her conscience if she feels that she
didn't struggle enough with her hus
band to get him to churcb-
1.
. i
m
A Dehorning Cage.
A convenient and easily constructed
dehorning cage is shown in the accom
panying cut reproduced from the Na
tional Stockman and Farmer. The di
mensions of the cage are as follows:
Six feet long, 6 feet high, 3 feet wide
at top In front and 4 feet wide at top
at back end. Bottom or foot board 1
foot wide, with seven cleats 1V& inches
thick, 1 foot long, nailed across It to
keep cattle from slipping. Foot board
two inches thick, and rests on three
2x4 Inch cross pieces 4 feet long. To
these are bolted upright pieces 7 feet
long, 2x4 Inches, for nailers for sides
of cage. Across the top of cage are used
two strips 1x4 inches for each set of
upright bolted one on each side of up
right The inside of this frame is
boarded up with inch plank of con
venient widths. The lower 2 feet
should close enough to prevent animals
putting their feet through the cracks.
On left side, 3 feet from bottom,
should be used a board one foot wide,
and one foot longer than the cage. In
this bore two one-Inch holes four
inches from sides of board. Through
these put a piece of rope and tie on out
side. This loop Is put over the animal's
nose and drawn tight by the use of a
hand spike. An upright lever is used
to catch the back of the head and draw
DEHORNING CAGE.
lt to the left side of cage. This upright
should be a strong 2x4 Inch, 9 feet
long, bolted to bottom cross piece near
the right side, the upper end slipping
back and forth between the cross
pieces that hold the tops of the two
front uprights in place. This lever is
thrown to the right when open for the
animal to enter. As soon as the head
passes it is pushed to the left side and
fastened as tight as required by a small
iron pin slipped through the cross
pieces at top back of it
As soon as the head is fastened a
hand spike is slipped through the cage
back of the animal, and another over
the neck to hold the head down. These
remain In place usually without holding,
the operator standing In front while
taking off the horns. The smallest ani
mal having horns up to a bull weighing
1,830 pounds has been dehorned In this
sized cage. Animals weighing up to
1,200 pounds pass right through the
cage when the holding lever is thrown
back against the right side. Cows heavy
In calf and larger animals back out of
the cage.
Raising Broom Corn.
Broom corn is easy to raise and care
for If a man will exercise good Judg
ment Plant in rows four feet apart;
plant about eight pounds of seed per
acre. If the seed is clean a common
corn planter can be so arranged as to
plant the proper quantity. The corn
should be thinned out until the stalks
stand about two or three inches apart
in the row, or, if very good land, would
not hurt to let it stand a little thicker.
Cultivate as common corn. When the
brush Is at Its best or, rather, when
the seed begins to turn from its light
color, and before the brush begins to
turn red, it should be cut in haste.
Walk between two rows, reaching as
high as possible; break the stalks down.
breaking both rows as you go, and
break both toward you. when you
have gone around this way (four rows),
take your knife and start back the way
you came, cutting the brush off, leaving
a stem of about six inches. When you
have a handful of brush, break a few
stalks down Just behind you, so the
stalks will pe between you and the two
rows you first broke; lay your handful
of brush on this, as it protects it from
the ground; put what is convenient on
this, and make more to suit. On the
two other rows you can use these piles
also. When the day's cutting Is done,
if there be any likelihood of rain, gath
er up your brush and make a good bot
tom with stalks; lay your brush on this
in two piles, with heads together; cover
over good with stalks, and your brush
is safe. But if the weather is favor
able, let it lie for one day and night
and then gather up. After a few days
your brush will be cured and have a
fine green color. Haul in when con
venient and stack in as large piles as
you like, and, if dry, it will keep safe
and sound. Lee McConnell, ' In Farm
er's Advocate.
Pay in e for Land with One Crop.
It is sometimes boasted by Western
farmers on rich prairie land that with
favorable seasons they have been able
to clear as much money from their first
good grain crop as the land originally
cost them. That Is, however, usually
because the land was bought at so low
a rate that to make one crop pay all
the original cost might not after all,
leave much, if any, profit to the farmer.
The breaking up or prairie sod so as to
fit it for producing a crop costs mora
than the land did at first in many cases.
But to make old established and valu
able farms pay their cost in crops of a
single year Is a different matter. It is
most often done in growing fruit A
New Jersey farmer bought a cultivated
farm well stocked with fruit of all
kinds for $2,200. Last year he sold
from It $2,450, or $250 more than the
whole farm cost him. Besides fruit he
grew and sold vegetables, milk and the
other products of ordinary farmers. All
of these added to his Income and in
creased his profits. He had doubtless
a favorable year for fruits, but, as the
New York Farmer says, the question
what profit a farmer shall make de
pends more on the man than on his
crops or location. It is not uncommon
for market gardeners to grow crops
that exceed in value the land which
produced them, and it Is sometimes
done by farmers who grow potatoes and
cabbages. American Cultivator.
Wheat Bran.
The farmer who grows wheat can
make a good profit in selling his wheat,
and buying wheat bran to feed out
The pound of wheat will nearly pay for
two pounds of bran,, and the bran, If
sweet and In good condition, is worth
more per pound to feed to cows in
milk, those soon to calve, to growing
young stock, sows in pig or for sheep
before lambing, and while Iambs are
with them, than the whole wheat
would be. If It Is not fattening or
heating enough at other times the
wheat can be sold and corn bought
and still leave a balance In the pocket.
It is much like selling the butter fat
from the milk, and feeding calves or
pigs on skim millk, which is better for
them, and has not so high a selling
value. If more fat is wanted a little
linseed meal or flaxseed tea will give it
at less cost than butter fat Almost
anything that has a place on the table
will sell for more than it is worth to
feed to animals, as they care less for
looks and delicacy of flavor and more
for the nutritive qualities than does
mankind. American Cultivator.
The Size of Seed.
The size of seed bears directly upon
the crop produced. It also tends to in
fluence the strain for good or evil de
pendent upon the size of seed selected.
It is claimed that almost without ex
ception the largest and heaviest seed
tend to produce the largest and most
vigorous plants. The lighter seed may
germinate, but the seedling is so weak
as to succumb to any sudden change in
weather conditions. Experiments are
reported as showing the manifest su
periority of large, heavy seed over the
smaller light ones in the case of rad
ishes, amber cane, Kaffir corn, barley,
oats, sweet peas, winter vetch and rye.
A series of experiments with rye grass
seed In Germany showed that the num
ber of seed capable of producing plants
Increased with the increased weight
of the individual seed.
Fumigating Poultry Houses.
Remove all nests, roosts and every
thing that is portable, put a pound of
sulphur in an iron pan, with some burn
ing coals, place the pan In the middle
of the house and close up the doors,
windows and all other openings, letting
them remain closed for two or three
hours. Afterward paint the roosts and
nest boxes thoroughly with coal tar,
and whitewash the house both inside
and out with lime. A spraying pump
j Is very useful' to get the lime wash into
the crevices In the roosts and wans, it
is beneficial to add some carbolic acid
to the lime wash. Once a house is
thoroughly freed from vermin it Is
easy to keep It so by attending to It
regularly and whitewashing it fre
quently. O. G., in Epitomlst
Working Roads.
In sections where the highway Is
worked or filled In, either by the use
of the grader or old dump scraper, the
plowing should be done just as soon as
the frost is out of the ground, turning
the furrow toward the beaten path.
This early plowing allows the sod to
partly decay, and If plowed again a few
days before placing in the road it will
be in fine, mellow condition to handle
in the easiest possible manner. Do not
on any account work the road by put
ting in more earth until settled weather
arrives. In most sections this is after
the middle of May. The use of a heavy
field roller upon the newly filled in
earth is of a great advantage. Passing
over two or three times is none too
often.
Butter Flavor.
The flavor of butter, it is very evi
dent, depends principally upon the
proper ripening of the cream and upon
the absence of bacteria, says the
Stockbreeder's Magazine. Thus the
washing of butter in a granular condi
tion with pure water is a matter of far
reaching importance, for if this is neg
lected the butter will contain milk, su
gar and bacteria. Chemical action
brought about by the latter will hasten
decomposition of the butter. The en
emies that have to be dealt with in the
dairy are Invisible and therefore all
the more difficult to wage war against.
It is only unremitting care and con
stant and almost scientific cleanliness
that will prevent their development.
Remedy for Cutworms.
Mix paris green with what millers
onll "shorts" or middlings. Use lust
enough parts green to give a slight
green color to the "shorts" or mixture.
Dampen sugnuy ana men scalier over
infested places. The worms prefer it
to any plant After eating It they die.