The Columbian., May 08, 1885, Image 4

JUSTICE IN RUSSIA.
Collisions Between Juries and the Imper
ial Authorities Feasant Courts.
.Twenty years a;jo the Czar Reformer
substituted trial by jury for the sys
tem of Crown Judges. It is the gen
eral opinion here that, next to the
abolition of serfdom, the introduction
of trial by jury has served for the moral
elevation of the people far moro than
any other reform. The jury system,
however, has not been introduced in
all the provinces of European Russia.
A part of the Caucasus and all of Si
beria and Central Asia are still under
the jurisdiction of the Crown J udges.
Trial by the Crown Judges is usually
called trial by Judge IShemiaka. In
stead of listi-ning to the testimony,
that worthy Judge used to keep his eye
on the caps of the plaintiff and defend
ant, in which was kept tangible and
undisputed evidence in the shape of
copper and s'lver coins. The balance
of justice turned "in favor of him whose
cap contained the larger bundle. As
the cap evidence can not lie conve
niently presented before the public, the
Crown Judges to th:s day hold court
behind closed doors. And yet there
are many Russ ans. Mr. Kathoffof the
Moscow Vcdomosti, included, who give
preference to the Crown Judges. In
justice to the Russians, it must be
said that the jury is n6t quite com
patible with the autocratic reg'nio.
The Czar, being the sole legislator,
issues his laws regardless of the views
of his people. The jurors, the peo
ple's represent at ves, are called upon
to pass a verd.ct accord;ng to their
own convictions. liut the trouble
is that there are many things
wh'ch. though forb'dden by the im
perial law, are justified bv popular
opinion. Hence come collisions be
tween the Russ an jury arid the imper
ial authorities.
In a village str'eken with famine the
imperial tax collectors undertook to
empty the village grarary and drive
away the domestic animals. Starva
tion sared the villagers in the face, and
a peasant shouted to them:
Brothers! Let us take sticks and
drive away the tax collectors, who have
come to rob us vf "our last crust of
bread. The treasury may afely wait
for our taxes, and at any rate the Czar
would not starve us. To the sticks!'
And to the sticks they betook them
selves, and drove off the tax collectors.
Hut ti:e next day a regiment of sol
diers came to the village, and the lead
er of the riot a-i put in chains and car
ried away. On the trial the Crown At
orney demanded that, acf ording to the
law. the defendant should be sent to the
S.berian mines for twenty years. But
the jury brought in a verdict of not
guilty. The acquitted peasant, how
ever," was kidnaped by gendarmes and
disappeared forever.
This is one of a thousand cases of
coll:s on between juries and the impe
rial author.ties. It set ms to me that
the jury system, though far from being
what it ought to be in the interests of
justice, is one o." the most powerful
factors which are undermining the
autocracy.
There a re some special courts here,
such as the Merchants Court, the
Craft-roe Vs Court, the .Church Court,
the Military Courts, the Land Survey
ing Courts, and others, in which specific
oficas.-s are tried.
I5nf there :ire many subiects of the
Czar who quite ignore his law. Over
fifty mill:ons of peasants dispose of all
their civil suits in their own way, by
their own courts. If a peasant is
caught stealing, if he drinks too much
or beats his wife for no cause, if he in
dulges in idling while taxes are unpaid,
if he does not pay his debts, if he
offends a priest or somebody else in
all such and like cases the villagers sit
as a court of justice. Their verd cts
are exceed ngly plain and sensible. In
all cases where damage or loss of prop
erty is involved, the guilty party is
bound to make good the damage or
lo-s. In the cases of some personal
offense, they usually resort to the
b rch porridge," as they call the wh'p
pin'g with rods. The verdicts of the
village courts are explicitly obeyed, for
the villagers have the power not only
to exclude obnoxious members from
l ho village, but even to send them to
Siberia for life.
Among the mountain tribes of Cau
casus, if a murderer does not pay the
blood fine he is sure to pay with h s
l.t'e, for the relatives of th? vict m
deem it the'r sacred djty to take a
bloody revenge. If he undertakes to
pay the fine the mu:d?rcr takes the
Lest horse he can purchase and loads it
w th such goo is as cosily arms, clothes
and money. Then placing a rope on
his own neck he leads the horse to the
family of his v.ct m. If the mother or
w.fe of the dea I man takes off the
rope from the neck of the murderer, he
is safe. Having surrendered the horse,
money and other presents, he returns
homr'. If, however, nobody takes the
rope from his neek, that means that he
is under the penalty of death, unless he
can appease the wrath of the fam ly
by costl er presents.
In Turkestan, according to the Kirg
hize notions of justice, a murderer may
expiate his crime by paying a blood
line, which consists of a number of
camels, sheep and goats. In some
ca-es, however, the family of the vic
t;m refuse to accept any presents, and
then a judicial duel is arranged. The
murderer, armed to the teeth, appears
on his best horse. Two or three male
relatives of the victim, also armed and
on horseback, meet their foe. Then
begins a wild and awful scene. The
murderer tries to escape, or at leat to
meet his foes separately in combat. If
the murderer remains alive unt.l sunset
he is safe, but that rarely happens, and
sometimes one of the avengers loses his
life, too.
Some of the Mohammedans living in
Russia, in case of murder, resort to
what they call God's judgment. The
nearest and strongest of the relatives
of the victim, w;th dagger in hand,
meets the murderer. If he kills hU
man. the avenger excla'm-: "Now my
soul shall have peace," and there the
matter ends. If, however, the mur
derer proves the best man, he is to
meet still another avenger.
The Czar re gns, but does not rule
all of his subject. St. Petersburg Cor.
N. Y. Sun.
Scene on a horse-car: Passenger
"Conductor, what are we being de
layed for?" Conductor "MispTaced
switch, sir." Little bov in the rear
Well! that is what I told mother this
morning when she gave me such a
whaling." Passengers in chorus all
smiling and satisfied. Chicago Journal.
' .
Some wonderful stories are told of
the powers of inst'net in animals. A
Somerville hen mislaid an egg. and a
Cambridge hen set on it and hatched it
it out. But the Somerville hen recog
nized its offspring aud brought it back
home to Somerville, where it will be
Droperly educated.--Somerville Journal.
CARE OF THE HORSE.
Rules Laid Down by Secretary Russell ol
the Massachusetts State Board of Affrl.
culture.
Too many hordes are annually sacri
ficed by ignorance or carelessness in
their management. Good horses cost
from two hundred to three hundred
dollars, and they should remain ser
viceable till twenty-five or thirty years
old; but a horse is usually regarded oM
ry the time he reaches half those
years. With proper care, a young
horse kept on a farm should improve
on the farmer's hands, so that it would
bring more than its cost after a few
years of growth and training.
The feet are the most importaut part
of a horse, and yet they are the soon
est to fail, because the weakest part,
an l lieeause we interfere more with na
ts T3 :n the treatment of the feet than
in tlu treatment of any other member
of the horse's body. Shoeing the feet
of horses is a comparatively modern
practice, and not a universal one, even
now.
Horses were domesticated and used
more or less for man's service longer
ago than we have any authentic his
tory. Indeed, the date of the domes
tication of all our domesticated ani
mals antedates history-. Shoes with
sharp calks were used upon horses in
northern countries in Kurope in the
ninth century, because it was found
that, in these cold countries, horses
could be made more serviceable in
winter whenQo shod. The use of
shoes has spread and been continued
partly from habit or fashion. Shoeing
is both au evil and an advantage. The
question is: Doe the good overbalance
the evil? The leciurer believes it does.
But, in his opinion, about one-th'rd of
the horses might safely go barefooted
all the year around; another third
might go without shoes part of the
time, while the remaining third must
be constantly shod.
Some eminent writers and lecturers
have contended that all horses should
go barefooted; but such conclusions
result from limited experience and ob
servation. Horses' feet arj unlike, and the"r
work is not alike for all. There have
been good feet antl bad feet, ever since
hor.-es were known. The old roads of
Rome, that led out from that "Hub of
the Un' verse," like the spokes of a
'wheel, were, mauy of them, built of
blocks of stone that must have been,
very trving to the feet of horses used
for pulling the heavy loads drawn over
them; and we know by the writings of
the men of those days that, as now, the
foot was considered as the best part of
the horse.
The fore feet of a horse correspond
to the hands of a man, the hoof repre
senting the finger na"l. The hoof grows
downward, like the nails on our fin
gers, and any treatment to improve the
hoof raut begin at the top, near the
hair, where all growth begins. Every
farmer has noticed that if a horse gets
a hoof calked near the ha'r, the blemish
will never disappear till the hoof grows
down the whole b'gness of it.
The bottom of the foot, however,
grows in another way. The frog grows
from the heel, and is of entirely differ
ent material from that comprising
the hoof, or horny shell of the foot.
The growth from the heel is slow, and
the wear of the frog and heel is verv
slight.
Very few farmers have ever seen a
perfect frog. Shoeing always changes
the character of this organ, and often
ru'ns it. and the whole fact with it.
Thrush always indicates bad treatment
of the feet. Some think th-? frog is
useless, .even bad for the horse. Some
men had charged it with be'ng poison
ous to the foot, as though nature ever
created a d sease. Nature strives to
make us healthy, never to make us
sick. That part we call the hoof is
really a boot for the foot of the horse,
and a most admirable boot it is when
not interfered with by man. The real
foot of the horse is inside of the boot.
but comes so near the surface as to
have sensation, and to give the animal
a knowledge of the character of the
ground trodden upon. The toe bone
is sometimes within a half-inch or less
of the outer part of the foot. Burning
the hoof with a hot shoe to make a seat
for the shoe, and to save using the but
tress, is a practice to be severely con
demned, as the hoof is liable to be se
riously injured by such treatment. The
danger is still greater when the toe
clifl is also burned in deeply, too. In
such cases the hot iron may come with
in an eighth of an inch of the real foot,
and make a horse, when shod, feel like
a cat shod w th walnut shells.
Shoeing with hgh calks raises the
frog above the earth, so that little
moisture reaches it. The frog is in
tended as a cushion for the toot, and to
prevent concussion when it comes to
the ground; but a dry frog is a very
poor cushion. Lifting the foot from
the earth upon high calks also prevents
the frog from keep'ng the walls of the
hoof spread in their natural position.
Calks indirectly cause contracted heels,
and tjuarler-cracks are only Nature's
efforts to get more room, to burst open
the contracted boot and rel eve the
pressure upon the sens'tive parts. High
calks prevent the horse from feeling
the ground he walks upon.
Bar shoes for constant use are not to
be commended. Thev may be used to
aid the cure of a l lliculty, but should
be removed as soon as practicable. Too
many bar shoes are recomm.-nuVd by
blacksmiths, because they get double
pr.ee for making antl setting them.
1'robably three-fourths of the team
horses in Boston are wearing them.
The term corn," as applied to a
hoi sts foot, is a misnomer; for what
are called corns start from the inside of
the foot, while a true corn, like those
men have, is cavued by pressure from
without.
The inflamed sjKts near the heels of
horses are the result of internal ntlam
niat'on, caused by eoneussioD as the
hors-? brings his foot to the earth. With
a sound frog and no calks they could
never occur.
We would not be understood as de
nnunc ng the blacksmith, for he is a
useful member in a community. The
farmers are more often to be blamed
for the horse's lamen ts than are the
blacksmiths.
Seme fanners think more of a set of
shoes than they do of the horse that
wears them. The foot is constantly
growing, and the ho.s that fits the foo"
to-day will not lit it five or six weeks
hence. The hoof grows long and
downward at the .toe. and unless the
growth is worn off by going barefooted,
or is pared away by the blacksmith, the
toe gets so long that the horse can not
travel except with difficulty. The wild
horse knows enough to wear off the
toes of his feet that he may travel with
ease and flee from his enemies. Some
times horses are brought to the shed,
that require a dollar's worth of paring
by the blacksmith before the shoa can
be set.
The hoofs need paring as often as
once in lour or nve weeKs m summer
to keep them In perfect shape. In win
ter the hoof grows more slowly, and
may not need paring so often.
A barefooted horse will stand better
on ice than a smooth-shod horse, pro
vided thev are given a loose rein, so
they can keep their balance. The frog
on a barefooted horse holds to the ice
and prevents slipping. The frog should
be let alone by the blacksmith. The
shoes should be so light and low that
the frog will have a bearing on the
ground. The foot, if unshod, wdl have
a level bearing all round, neither the
heel nor the toe being the longest; and
the shoeing should never disturb this
evenness.
If an ignorant blacksmith refuses to
shoe a horse as an intelligent farmer
directs the best thing to do is to tell
the blacksmith that the horse can work
on the farm without any shoes. Many
farmers would be surprised to learn
how many of their horses might saf;ly
go unshod through the summer. Sore
footed ness from going; barefooted never
dot's any permanent injurv. The feet
wear thin under hard driviug upon
gravel roads, so the horse may go ten
der a day or two; b it a little rest, or
change to farm work, will give t.mefur
the feet to grow out aga n.
Il.rd leet are much stronger than
fore feet. They seldom cause any
trouble from corns or quarter-cracks.
The hind feet will bear heavy shoes
better than the fore feet. If horses are
shod at all. they should be shod be
hind. It has been said that poor men
must do mean things; but it never pays
to do mean things ihat will cost some
thing. It can not pay to save ;n the
cost of shoeing, and, as a result, lo.e a
good horse. He could not recommend
t.ps for general use. because black
smiths seldom pare down the toes suf
ficiently to keep the foot level. Tips
must beset very often.
A "dry sole" horse can never be
cured, and one fiat will interfere when
barefooted, should be worked slow, or
sold.
Most farmers feed the'r horses too
much, rather than too little. Two
pounds per day of hay and grain for
each one hundred pounds of live
weight, is usually enough to keep a
horse in good condition. A horse
should not be run as a manure-making
mach"n- It is not profitable.
Horses that bolt their grain should
be t.iught to eat .slowly. They may b.
cured of the hab't by keeping several
quarts of stones in the manger, well
m xed up w.th the grain. Horses that
are bengw ntered without much labor,
w 11 not need more than eight or ten
pounds of hay, two quarts of oats and
a few apples or roots daily.
Dry food is to be preferred to wet,
except for heavy horses or those that
cough.
The horse has the smallest stomach
of any domesticated animal, and if we
feed and then immediately water freely
the. food will be washed out of the
stomach Wore it has had time to
d gest. The writer had seen the ex
periment tried in France, of feeding
whole grain to a horse, then watering
immediately ami killing the animal
within an ho r. Some of the whole
grain was found washed into the intes
tines, a distance of twenty feet beyond
the stomach. It is a good rule to wat t
half an hour before or an hour aft
eating.
It is dangerous to chill a heated
horse sud lenly with cold water, but :
horse is never too warm to eat, if no!
too tired. X. H. Fanner.
A NEW ENGLAND TAVERN.
Ket'ollt-rtionn by a Poet of a I'eculi r
Yankee Institution.
Midway 1 twten the two extremities,
on the eastern shore of the lake, is a
valley between two hills, which come
down to the very edge of the lake,
leaving only room enough for a road
between their baseband the watrf. This
valley, half a m le in width, has been
long settled, and here for a century or
morj has stood the old Anchor Tav
ern. A famous p'acj it was so long as
its sign swung at the s'de of the road:
famous for .ts landlord, portly, pater
nal, whose we'com to a guest that
looked worthy of the attention was
Ike that of a parent to a re
turning prodigal, and whose parting
words wen; itlraost as good as
a marriage bened ction; famous for its
landlady, ample in person, motherly,
seeing to the whole household with her
own eyes, mistress of all culinary se
crets that Northern k'tchens are most
proud of; famous also for its ancient
servant, as city people would call her
help, as she was call d in the tavern
and would have called herself the un
changing, seemingly immortal Mi
randa, who cared for the guest as if
she were their nursing mother, and
pressed the specially favor. te delica
cies on their atteut on as a conno's-eur
calls the wandering eyes of an amateur
to the beaut es of a picture. Who that
has ever been at the old Anchor Tavern
forgets M'randa's
"A litt e of this fricassee? it Is ver-y nice;"
or
Some of the.-te cakes? You will tlnd them
ver y koo.1."
Nor would it be just to memory to for
get that other notable and noted mem
ber of the household - the unsleeping,
unresting, omnipresent Pushee, rady
for everybody and cveryth'ng, every
where with'n the limits of the estab
lishment at all hours of 'the day ami
night. He feci, nobody co ild say ac
curately whn or where. There were
rumors of a "bunk," in wh ch he lay
down w.th his clothes on, but he seen.cd
to be always w de awake, and at the
s-Tvice of as many gue.-ts at once as if
theie had been half a d zen of him. -
lirer Wendell Holm , in Atlantic
Mouth I if.
A suitor who lost a case in the law
courts through the ignorance, as he as
serts, of his solicitor, always alludes to
the latter individual when he speaks of
him as -01d Necessity." Asked to ex
plain this appellation, he answered,
Well, I call him Necessity, you see,
because, as you perhaps may have
heard. Necessity knows no law. ' Chi
cago Tribune.
Repented at ease:
The elegant, titled Sir Thomas Haut Ton
Fell in love with the only fair daughter
Of an oleomargarine maker, and won
Her affections by swearing, his honor upon.
That be would never have any but her.
A!ns! be repented the pun at his ease.
1 bey were wed. and. as she had the dollars.
He must smile when addressed as "My Lard"
or "Your Grease."
When a daughter came, even, the joke didn't
cease.
But they marked Margsr-lne on her collar.
Harper's Bazar.
A BOOH COMPANION.
Mr. John Rolfe, Champion Bicyclist of
Australia and England, writes to the Ar
gus, Melbourne, Australia, that in the b!x
days contest for the championship, after
riding 8 consecutive hours each day, his
limbs became stiff and sore, and he is pos
itive he won the (Treat race, and was
enabled to rida another 100 miles against
time immediately afterward, from the
wonderful effects produced by the use of
St. Jacobs OU, In training ana racing. He
oalls it his boon companion, and recom
mends it to all athletes.
GIVE THEM A CHAKCE.
If the thousands and tens of thousands
of weak and weary sufferers throughout
the land, who, in spite of care and skill,
are steadily drifting downwards, could
have the benefit of that singularly Vital
izing Treatment now ho widely dispensed
by Drs. Starkey & Palen, of 1109 Ciirard
St., Philadelphia, the help, and ease, and
comtort it would bring to wasting bodies
and depressed spirits would be blessings
beyond price. If, reader, vou have an
invalid wife or mother, or daughter, or
sister, or any one who is under your care
or dependent upon you, and to whom life
has become a burden through weakness
and pain, consider seriously whether you
are not bound, in both love and duty, to
give this sufferer a chance of recovery, or,
at least, the blessing of ease from pain.
You are offered the amplest means of in
formation in regard to this new Treat
ment. If you can examine testimony
without-prejudice, and can weigh evi
dence with judgment and discrimination,
write to Dis. Starkey & Palen fov such
proof in documents and reports of cases
as'wHJ enab e you to fairly examine and
decid for yourself. They will be promptly
supplied.
Atl orders for the Compound Oxygen
Home Treatment directed to II. E. Math
ews, fiOC Montgomery Street, San Fran
cisco, will be tilled on the same terms att if
sent directly to n m Philadelphia.
A bounty of five cents is paid for each
crow killed in Cape May, N. J.
"A little fire is quickly trodden out
Which, being suiFercu. rivers cannot quench."
Procrastination may rob you of time, but
by increased diligence you can make up the
loss ; but if it rob you of life the loss is ir
remediable. If your health is delicate,
your appetite fickle, your sleep broken,
your miud depressed, your whole being
out of Korts, depend on "it you are seriously
diseased. In al such cases Dr. Pierce's
"Golden Medical Discovery" will speedily
effect a genuine, radical rune. make a new
man of you and save you from the tortures
of lingering disease.
The Black Hills tin region is found to
be much larger than whs supposed.
WHAT 13 tATARRH?
Catarrh is a muco purulent discharge caused by the
presence and development of the vegetable parasite
amoeba in the internal lining membrane of the Lose.
This parasite is only developed under favorable circum
stances, and these are: Morbid state of the blood, a the
blighted corpuscle of tulwrcle, the gvmi poLon of syphi
lis, luercnry. toxumca, from the retention pt the effete
matter of the skin, suppressed perspiration, badly ven
tilated rlet pine uparuneiitA, and other poisons that are
germinated in the bluod. These poisons keep the internal
lining membrane of the arms in a constant state of irri
tation, ever ready for the deposit of the seeds of these
?erms, which spread up the nostrils and down the
auces or hack of throat, causing ulceration of the
throat; up the eustaohhm tubes, cau..ing tlcafness: bur
rowing in the vocal cords, causing hoarseness; usurping
the protitr structure of the bronchial tubes, ending in
pulmonary consumption and death.
Many attempts have been made to discover a cure for
this distressing disease by the use of inhalents and other
ingenious devices, but none of these treatment can do
particle of good until the iiarasites are either destroyed
or removed from the mucous tissue.
Some time since a well known physician of forty years
standing, after much experimenting, succeeded in dis
covering the necessany combination oi ingredients w hich
never fails in absolutely and peymani ntly eradicating
this horrible diseate, whether standing for one year or
forty years. Those w ho may t-e suffering from the above
disrnse should, without deluy, communicate with the
managers, Messrs. A. II. Dixon & Son, 305 King street
West, Toronto, and get full particulars and treauae free
by enclosing stamp.
Large quantities of sturgeon are said to
be converted into salmon in Mine.
Pile, flfculas and rupture rad
ically cured. Dook of tmrUculara two
letter stamps. World's Dispensary Med
ical Association, Duffalo, K. Y.
Baltimore is to have an electric railway.
Wben Baby was sick, we savo act CASTORIA,
When she -wna a Chad, eho cried for CASTORIA,
When she became Miss, she clans to CASTORIA,
When she had Children, alio gave them CASTORIA
PILES! PILES! FILES!
A SURE CURE FOUND AT LAST
170 ONE REED SUTFER.
A sure cure for Blind. Kleedina. Itchlnr and DImo
ated Piles has been discovered by Dr. Vi Uliam (aa In
dian Remedy) called Kr William s Indlaa File Oint
ment. . A single box has cured the worst chronic ces
of 23 or 30 years standing. Ki one need suffer five min
utes after applying this wouderful soothing medicine.
Lvtions. instruments and electuaries do mere harm than
ood. William's Indian I'ile Ointment absorbs the tu
mors, allays the intense itching (particularly at night
iter getting warm In bed), acta as a poulUoe, gives in
stant relief, and is prepared only for Piles, Itching of
the private parts, ana for nothing else.
Head what the Hon. J. M Ootlintx-rry. of Cleveland,
says about Dr. William's Indian 111b Ointment: "I have
used scores of Tile Cum, and it affords me pleasure to
say that I have never found anything which cava sueh
immediate and permanent relief ss Dr. William's In
dian Ointsient." Vt sale by all druggists and mailed
on receipt of price, $1. O F. Richards it Co., 427 and 4
Sansoiae street, comer Clay, San Francisco
RefeneraUon for"
enfeebled systems suf
fering from a general
want of tone, and its
usual concomitants,
dyspepsia and aer
vousness, is seldom
derivable from the
use of a nourishing
diet and stimuli of
ai'iK'tite, unaided. A
medicine that will
effect a removal of
the specific obstacle
to renewed health and
vigor, that Is a genu
ine corrective, is the
real need. It is the
possession of this
grand requirement
which makes Hob tet
ter's Stomach Bitters
so effective as an In
viirorant. For sale bv
all Druggists and Dealers gi
nerally.
"THE
OLD
RELIABLE."
25 YEARS
IN USE.
The Greatest Medical Triumph, of the Age I
Indorsed all over the World.
SYMPTOMS OF A
TORPID LIVER.
Loss of appetite. Nansea, bowels cos-. '
tiye. Painjn the Head.ith a dullsenr
sation in, the back "partt lain under
the6noulder-blade fullness after eat
lngi wife a disinclination to exertion
of body ornind, Irritability of temp,
er. Low spirits,L.ossof memoryjWitS
- & feeling of "having neglected some
dnty wearinesSyJJizziness, Flatter
ing of the Heart, Dots before the ey eS
Yellow Skin.HeadacheRestIessness
at ntght, highly coloredPrine
IT" THESE WARNINGS AXE UNHEEDED,
USXODS EIB1ABI3 WILT SOON 81 CXTlXOtlD.
TUTTS PILLS are especially adapted to
such cases, one dose effects such a chango
of feeling as to astonish the sufferer.
They Increase the Appetite, and cause
the body to Take on Flish, thns the sys
tem is nourished, and by their Tonlo
Action on the Digestive Ornii, Itesru
lar StoeJs areprodnced. Price ait cents.
TUTTS HAIR DYE.
Grat Hair or Whiskers changed to a
Globrt Black by a single application of
this DTB. It imparts a natural color, acts
instantaneously. Sold by Druggists, or
sent by express on receipt of 8 1
Office. 4 Murrov St., York.
All Sorts of
hurts and many sorts of ails of
man and beast need a cooling
lotion. Mustang Liniment.
1- STOMACH .(F
TUTT'S
POLLS
. VERY PO0B ECONOMY.
Some people make a business of cheat
ing themselves, either by eating very mean
and cheap food, or else by eating too small
a quantity of good food. Either Way is as
bad policy as it would be to buy a coffin
instead of a suit of good clotkes, just
because the coffin would cost leas. Poor
diet means impoverished blood ; and that
means misery. Brown's Iron Bitters
enriches the blood, gives it the iron it
needs, and tones up the whole system.
Cures dyspepsia, indigestion, weakness,
malaria, etc.
Three deaths from hiccough occurred
within a week at Chattanooga, Tenn.
"THB0W PHYSIC TO THE DOGS"
When it is the old-fashioned blue mass,
blue pill sort, and insist on using Dr.
Pierce's " Pleasant Purgative Pellets," a
modern medical luxury, being small,
sugar-coated granules, containing the
active principles of certain roots and
herbs, and which will be found to contain
as much cathartic power as any of i he old
fashioned, largerpills. without the litter's
violent, d:atic effects. The pellets operate
thoroughly but harmlessly, establishing a
permanently healthy action of the stomach
and bowels, anl an anti-bilious remedy
are unequaled.
The new college building of Oberlin Col
lege, Ohio, will cost $00,000.
For Bronchial.AHthinatir. and Pul
monary ConiplaiutM. "Brown's Bron
chial Troches" manifest remarkable cura
properties. 25 cents a box.
Try Germea for breakfast.
TUP
s sis r-j
GESTTOIUC.
This medicine, combining Iron w)th pure
vegetable tonics, quickly and completely
('area Dyspepsia lodlcestlon. Weakness,
Impure Bloed, ItIaJarla,Chllla and Fevers,
and Nenralaia.
It is an unfailing remedy for Diseases of tba
Kidneys and Liver.
It is invaluable for Diseaies peculiar tc
women and all who lead sedentary lives.
It does aot injure the teeth, cause headache.or
produce constipation lhfr Iron medicine do.
It enriches and purifies the blood, stimulates
the appetite, aids the assimilation of food, re
lieves Heartburn and Belching, and strength
ens the muscles and nerves.
For Intermittent Fevers, Lassitude, Lacs of
Energy, Ac., it has no equal.
Mif The genuine has above trade mark and
crossed red lines on wrapper. Take no other.
BadsMlybr BROW! CHBBICAL CO, BALTISOKI. HD.
SXELU HEITSIIU & WOODARD.
Wholesale Agents. Portland, Or.
I am an old man. For 28 years I surftred with
ulcers on my riht leg as the result of typhoid
fever. Amputation was susrKested as the only
means of preserving life. The doctors could do
nothing for me. and thought I must die. For
three years I never had a shoe on. Swift's
Specific has made a permanent cure and added
ten years to my life.
-Wm. R. Rkkp, Hall Co., Ga.
I have taken Swifts Specific for blood poison
contracted at a medical college at a dissection,
while I was a medical student. I am grateful
to say that it gave me a speedy and thorough
cure after my parents had spent hundreds of
dollars for treatment.
AcousTfS W'exdki, M. !.. Newark. N. J.
My wife from early girlhood has been suffer
ing from rheumatism. sne has tried many
remedies, and I must frankly say has derived
more benefit from Swift's Specific than from
all the others, arter long and faithful trial.
Kev. J as. Ij. Pierce. Oxford. Ga.
SwifVs Specific is entirely vegetable. Trea
tise on mood ana &Kin liiseases nianen iree.
The Swift Specific Co., Drawer 3, Atlanta,
Ga.. or 153 W. 23d St. N; Y.
PETALUMA INCUBATOR
1HN1 Still Ahead! lsH4
3 Gold Medals, 1 Silver, and 14
First Premiums.
xTrr'ir - O'Yl
L Wjp Hatchet all Kinds of Egg
P IJ lSj'Tl All sizes from 30 to 650 eggs.
Bend for large illustrated circular No. II. Explains bow
to batch amlraixe chickens profitably. Circulars free. Ad
dres PETALUMA INCUBATOR CO. Petaluma Ca).
R. U. AWARE
THAT
Lorillard's Climax Plug
bearing a red tin tag ; that Lorillard's
t t tfeA tut - that. frfHanl't
v --
tiie best and chaapeat, quality considered ?
filt..l.M n,l that twllliirri's Mnnfla. are
f the Genera.
quickly cured by the CIVIALB HKTHOD. Aeoptedin all
the HOSPITALS OK FRANCE. Prompt return of VIGOR.
Simple cases, aj to as. Sever onra, 1 8 to $ is. rsmabWtlW.
VlTlale Kcxaedlal Aaeae- AOO Vultoa Bt,.Kow Yorav
ENGLISH COOKING.
An Kxpert Declares That, In Cookery, the
Kiiglish Excel.
After a long experience of the cuisine
Francaise and of American cooking and
of English cooking, I have arrived at
the conclusion that the last named is
the mo?t succulent, substantial and
health-bestowing of any other in the
world. English chops, steaks, kidneys,
baked potatoes, roast beef, boiled sal
mon, plum pudding and Cheshire
cheese are exactly the groundwork re
quired by man at least Saxon man
to form the physical basis of the cor
poreal existence. French dishes tickle
the palate, but - they do not lay healthy
flesh on the bones, calm the nerves and
make pure blood. These desiderata are
attained by a steady course of British
feeding. In proof of what I say, one
has only to take a walk at any hour of
the day in Hyde Park and watch the
promenadcrs there.. As specimens of
the human animal, the varied nationali
ties whose aristocracy one meets in the
verdant lanes and smooth esplanades of
that beauteous greenery, all yield the
palm to John Bull and his womaukind.
with their bright eyes, rosy cheeks and
snlend'd physical developme t. Moral
of all this: Eat plenty of oast beef
aud juicy steak, boiled mutton, plain
boiled potatoes, bread a day old, antl
simple suet puddings. Avoid hashes
(whose nourishing qualities have all
denarted in the recookinff), lobster
salads, meals of the innutritir is oyster
alone, hot rolls, newly-baked bread,
rich pastry, candy and" watery soups.
In America we have no national cuisine,
but the choice of all the cuisines of the
world is at hand, and therefore there is
no reason why a perfectly, healthy diet
should not be selected by every individ
ual. Olive Loaan-
s .
ine university oi rennsvirania nas
started a "department of physical cul
ture." Dr. J. W. White, who will pro
side over it, states that his duties will
be to examine each student, note where
in he needs physical development, and
recommend the proper mode of exer
cise to induce it. If his back is weak,
the rowing machine or boat is advised;
if the chest is flat, parallel bars are in
order. The ordinary trainer generally
picks out for the boat a man who does
not need it Philadelphia Press.
llffllif
111 III &
f 70 Ecff
'.CAPACITY J
GENERAL GORDON.
The Unique C aaracterlstics of the Hero ot
Khartoum.
The life of General Gordon is without
a parallel in history. He had will as
imperious as Napoleon's; he had a
nature as inflexible as Cromwell's; he
had Clive's genius for war and fertility
ot resource; he had Jan Lawrence s
capacity for governing semi-civilized
races; he had Francis Xavier's over
mastering love of humanity. But with
these traits were combined a chivalroua
devotion to tho races for whom he
labored, with a contempt for theslatej
manship of Europe, an unquestioning
reliance upon the law of his own con
science, and an intense religious nature
that reflected at once the mysticism of
the middle ages, the austere virtues of
Puritanism and the fatalism of the East.
A man of commanding genius in achiev
ing great results by means of insig
nificant instrumentalities, and in con
ciliating the prejudices and overcoming
the resistance of barbaric hordes, he
was at once a hero among men, and a
solitary figure removed from them by
unique characteristics.
There is, perhaps, no other country
in the world where such a character as
General Gordon's would be so easily
misunderstood as England. His som
bre genius, his mediaeval piety and his
devotion to the interest cf semi-civilized
races, had little in common with the In
tensely practical instincts of the Nation.
His contempt for the tedious processes
of diplomacy, and his indifference to
the fate of ministries and the policy of
governments, marked him out as a mys
terious idealist, whose judgment was
not to be accepted without hesitation
and reserve. lie returned from China
to face a storm of obloquy and reproach
from the humanitarians who mistook
him for a cold-blooded butcher of the
Chinese population. His work in the
equatorial provinces and his battles
with the slave-hunters were neither un
derstood nor appreciated by English
men, while he incurred the hostility of
the ring of paehas at Cairo through his
administrative reforrrs. At Mauritius,
in Basuto-Land and in India he found
it impossible to endure official restraint
His mission to South Africa was a com
pi 'te failure, and it was not until as an
aibltrator he had personally decided
that. China .should not declare
war against Russia that the
English people began to comprehend
the gen'us of this grim Puritan warrior.
His roving commission as miracle work
er in the Soudan was regarded at first
with enthusiasm, but the moment he ar
rived at Khartoum every proclamation
that he issued, every proposal that he
made, was criticised and misconstrued.
The Government which had dispatched
him across the desert refused to follow
his advice. The humanitarians de-'
nounced him as the slaveholder's ally.
Practical politicians condemned his
nomination of Zebchr as his Huccessor
as the act of a fanatical madman.
But even Englishmen awoke at last
to a consciousness of General Gordon's
heroic qualities. For neatly a year that
solitary European has held his ground
against a horde of barbarians, lie has
raised armies and paid them without
money. He has conducted a marvel
lous campaign by promising liberty to
several thousands of blacks and by
mounting rusty artillery on a fleet of
leaking hulks. He has stood on th
broken rampant, a solitary English sen
try refusing to desert those who had
trusted in him, and awaiting an army
of rescuers which never came. And
there he will remain in the memory of
the nation - a sublime figuro never to
be forgotten; his heroism, fortitude,
chivalrous loyalty" and Christian faith
understood at last. N. 1" Tribune.
No Danger.
Mr. Minks "My dear, you should
nt pui coins in your mouth, for dis-ecr.-s
are often caught in that way. I
noticMu y?sterd'iy that while you were
locking through your pocjeetbook for
6m all change to give the street-car con
ductor you placed a quarter between
your lips and held it there.'
Mrs. Minks "Well, suppose I did;
where's the harm?''
"You t-hould road the papers, Mrs.
Minks. Scientists have discovered
bacteria on silver coins. Do you know
what terrib!e things bacteria are?'
"Not exactly, no."
"Why, thtiy'are little animals which
get into the human system and cause all
sorts ef disa.s. s."
"Is th.'t all? Well, then I am in no
danger from the money vou give me."
And why not, pray?'
"Yoh always squeeze a quarter hard
enough to crush all animal life out of
it before you part with it. Philadelphia
Call.
lne American school oi Classical
Studies at Athens, Greece, was estab
lished three years ago for the prosecu
tion of classical study and archaeologic
al investigation, similar in scope to the
French and German schools already
there. The latter are upon an endowed
basis and have, therefore, permanent
directors. The American school has as
yet no endowment, and the directors are
changed annually. Ar. Y. Sun.
ASK FOB
Awarded rrrmlnm 1HHX and
FOR PDRITY AND STRENGTH
Ptat Fair, Portland. Oregon.
Mechanics' Fair, San Francisco. CaL
State Fair. Sacramento. CaL
Moat Economical for use; put up in aix
different aizes; full STRENGTH AND
FULL MEASURE.
Prepared by
B0TFIN UANTJFACTTJEING CO.
Nan Franrlr and tarranento. Cal.
GI A lIT Flavorins
I AN. EXTRACTS
Sixteen Different Flavors.
"THE HASTINGS"
THE
OTHIMG
SHIRTS AND
For Men and Bovs. to
Cor. Montgomery and Sutter Sta.,
MANN & BENEDICT, successor, to (J, (J, HaStillS & CO.
S7"RULES FOR SELF-MEASUREMENT ON" APPLICATION..
fnoYAUfsai j Xs
Absolutely Pure.
Tills powder nover varies. A marvel of f "fir v,
ttreiwth and w tiresomeness. Moro economical tn
the ordinary klutls. and caanot be sold in coeui:u
tion with tlis multitude of low test, short wefcl.t,
alum or phosphate powders. Sold enly In car.
Rot At, Baeino Powdks Co.. 106 Wall street. N. Y
a-
The Mirror
is no flatterer. Would you
make it tell a sweeter tale ?
Magnolia Balm is the charm
er that almost cheats the
looking-glass.
11 AXON. Old.,.
rAns, ba.na Juhtrainui,!.. Ltr?w-J u k o' snc
V2i:sic and Books. liainln km .'i.-.i Kiu-Vrr, j ri-iff
. M. jUA V. Co: Street, Bin Krcn-li -.).
HORSES.
HT. FAIRBANKS it II. WILSEY, TIIE OVLY
direct Imtiorers of Norman btalllons from
France to California. Every one is reoorrfed in tl-e
National Register of Noroian IIrre, and tlioss in
want of this cIhss of Horse.", if f'esired, ran purchase
them on one or two years tune, ot rcnsoniWo Inter
est, with satisfactory security. We will ceil rhe-cr
than the same clam of Ktallions can 1x3 bnnpht any
where elue In tho United (States. fiy-Sund 'or t t
alftipie. if I mil in a. sononm o. n.i.
Established 1861. I. . Dox 2115.
JOHN F. ENGLISH,
Grain, Produce and General
COMMISSION MERCHANT
NOH.S13 and 315 Davis Ntrr?t.
SAN FRANCISCO CAL.
(Member of B. K. Prt dure F.xrLsnge). CulisiipniieoU
sad orders will receive pmu.pt attention. Ca-ih ad-
J. M. Halstefl's
Iucubatjrs
Crura gO up.
IThe Mo DHL
jHrooder from to
'til,. Hnd forrir.
jjular containing
mum valuable
information.
Thoroughbred
Poultry L Kios.
1011 rirutulwuy,
Oakland, (Jul.
THE MODEL.
ItLf-KtaulATIMO,
MUA&Lt,
una tiHHJ.
WATSON. WRIGHT fe CO..
WMesale Grocers am Commission Merchants
- 10 North Front St. Portland.
Ban Francisco Office 18 Front Pt.
Handle on comminsion Wheat, Wool, Hops, Beeds,
Furs, Hides, Chickens, Eggs, Lumber, Hoop-poles,
Salmon, Mill Feed, Oats, iiarlejr. Onions, Potatoes
Bacon, Lard, etc Account sales rendered on day of
sale. Bend for our market report. Correspondence
and eoniirnment4i an!iciti.
AnM Gall HeialTl
Saw hair. IVavrsest LI
Factory la tae tetate
Ef 0I1LY
A new, tales, perauaeat, absolute);
artala sure for loot or falling Mso
ssod. Benefits within a dv: cum
sssslly wttaia a Bonis. Vs qnssksrr; sunpls, scientific. Foil
ssplaaatiea. Btaay nrersacas sad Lsdlipatabl proortnalJ4
andor seal fe . Address Tho Krle Mxlleal Co, Buffalo, W. V.
mmoum urine J Ik. ImlBm. In lam 1
rsesrawllbool operation. Clrcul.r .u.t con.ulUtloo Pros.
crniiJ xirrTiTf aozger. ica ruua c.. :; tort
CONSUMPTION.
I hare a posltWe romort r fur ths aboea dlseass ; by Its
as thns.aodsof caoosof tho wor.t kind and of long
laocMnc have hesn eu'ed. I ti1e1. oat nmt I mi t i K
lo Its ofAcarr. that I w I im.lTB O HOTTLLS UltR.
tog-elhorwliha VAl.C ABI.KTUEATIfcK on thlsdtsoase
loaav safferer. Oieo evproas sntl P O. nddr
SR. T. A. LOCCM,lsl P.arlSt., Hw Tork.
Tum l;r 1.1 or hewnvra
tor iiiudo epieoly fur
thecureof d'rngv:eiits
of the (reiwratl v orfrxn
There I no mistake auoiat
this Instrument, tbe rrr.
tinuous lrlin rf KLM
T li I C I T I permeating
tli rot,? h th. mrts o.ti-i
rektoro them to analtttT
action. 1 kj not eotiSTMini
tin. wt I KlurtrM Bel:
sdrertivd to mre all It's
from llffl tofd It I ft,
Kor eireulars girnn lull Information, n.-lrireiw tJttuoVa
the ONr. sperllto pui-o'l
Klactria ffell CO.. HO Washington bU Chiuaaro. 111.
rsTN. Tniscraif Hirenrnrn
XI Krnclr anrl Nrrvo
Ui ITanlr rrs Vtllhout
tail. Nervous and Physical
LK-bilitr. LftS t Vitality,
Weakuexs, Virile Incline,
Impotency, 0erseuitiT
Conditions. IVostatitis. Kid'
neTandllladderComiilaitits,
Disease of the lilond,Krup
tions, ami all the sil effects
of youthful follies and ei
cease ; permanently tr?
ventinr all InTiiunlsry
weakening- drains upon tbo
system, however they occur
restoring Lost Manhood,
however somullcated tba
case may be, and where all other remedies have failed.
A Fersnaneat Care Absolutely Guaranteed.
Pnoa tl er bottle, or five bottles forflO. Bent
upon receipt of price, or CCD.. to anT address, strict
lyprtvatAr DR. '. D A tt l:LI.
ia li im, Bm. Kin FramrJacskCal.
- hj Muflicieut to show ita
BaBBJBaBMBjWBBMHBBiBaBBjstatlnKSmvtonsandag(r
ceasultaiious, suricU oouUdeuUal. by letter or at
oaoerasa
M. P. N. IT. Wo. 73. -H. f. i' fin ).
BEST
9
UNDERWEAR,
Order and RearJw Maris.
- Ban Francisco, Cal
ill?
I M 1 f M
mm
Llill.UiJ