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About Morning daily herald. (Albany, Or.) 1885-19?? | View Entire Issue (Jan. 1, 1889)
THE MORXINO HERALD: TUESDAY, JAXIARV 1, 1885 MOID BUILDERS Interesting Relics of By-Gone Ages. THE NORTH AMKKM'AX IXIM4X. Landmarks of the Red Men of Oregon and the Ftcific Coast Linn Cmnty Relics. BY PIS .1. L. HILL. Without occupying time or space with unnecessary preliminaries I will directly enter into the discussion of the subject for consideration, but will not agree to answer all the inter esting queries suggested by the ques tion: "Who are the .Mound Build ers ?" and I mijht iu the same con nection ask and fail to auswer another Question, namely: "In what age did the Mound Builders live, and what was their decree of civilization?" As above intimated, l shall not piomise to satisfactorily auswer tnese inter-1 esting questions, but, as theory some-1 tunes claims, precedence over couth er coniu .. i i it turn a little meandering in the laby - . , J rinths of theory may not be an entire wVtp of tune though the condition be unchanged. In 1492, when Columbus unfurled the first Hag of civilization on this continent, his coming was hailed by ' myriad 3 of wild, nomadic, suspicion people, whose inexpensive raiment was fully in keeping with thtir per sonal dignity and inelaborate rules of etiquette. They lielieved the pale faced strangers possessed of super human power, and believing the en vironments of their own domain to be the remotest ends of the earth, they regarded the new-comers with -frjitpr erinepi-it m thpv barb niorj control over the great deep and , jts.seethiug billow as they tumbled yWrer each other an I lashed the rock ier j- banks with their creaking, .'i'ij Sibling wooden craft, than the TwTmges 'had of the eaceful, q'liet , land with their primitive implements. 1' Columbus found the different tribe j along the coast to have different dia- j lects, but iu color, general appearance, ignorance and untamed nature there was a uniformity showing that they bad one commoii ori.'in. When the discovery of the new worll was heralded throughout'the old, inniunetaltle expeditious were, with timely alacrity, fitted out. ami soon every civilized and semi-civilized ; nation known to man, had its Hag ' ll'.ttteri'ig at the top of the mast, and each country's representiyes vieing with all others in the spirited chase for happv homes and guilded for tunes in the distant laud of wibi 11 lues 01 reu meu, nere iiie earn, 'twas said, was carpeted with nature'? choicest vet dure, and the evening (zephyr,, in its modest rounds to fan the the valleys' fertile f ice, blushing with the full-olown rose, the watei lily and the tender violet, was laden with the fragrance of the wild honey suckle ami the orange blossom. Hav ing u guide but report, the coast from Nova licotia on the north to the mouth of the La. Platte in the smith was soon displayed on the bulletin boards ami through the newspapers with unnatural and exaggerated ac counts given by the returning mar: f ners. j As the new world became penetrat ed by civilized nations new and novei - indications of the former habitation of a highly civilized people wert found, and instead of tribes identical In color and lack of concentration ol purpose, an occasional small tribe s dissimilar to the general populace was I met that the reasonable deduction from the summing up of the whole, is that the American Indian was an intruder on the domain of a civilized and educated nation, who was prob ably not numerically strong enough to tesist the pr idatory attacks of the new invaders, and were driven from their homes to seek new fields, leav ing scattering fragments of tiieir kin dred, possibly as unrausomed cap tives or fleeing refugees, from which their identity may lie partially reck oned. In support of this tssertion when th'! white man first approached the Mississippi basin, where hun dreds of artificial mounds met his gaze, and thousands of armed savages contested bis right to proceed, the Indian claimed ownership to the whole country by right of inlierit . a uce, but was unable to give au ex planation o: the origiu or purp-.se of these quaint ami apparently useless - mounds, showing that the builders bad so far ante-dated the time of its present tribea that even tradition had no response to the questions of the ethnologist. The great number of these mounds, their symmetrical construction, con nected with the highly artistic work manship on metallic implements nd ' pottery exhumed by the archaeologist dispels all possibility of their having been designed by any one except the ' skilled architect. Authentic accounts are given of figures of elephants, and other ani mals not found 011 this continent, cut from solid stone, having been taken from the mounds, ami even some of the mounds themselves externally, were given the forms of animals of other countries. In deference to re son cau we suppose a people who left other monuments of skill, knowl edge and industry, could so far have retrograded during their absolute pos- session ot an entire continent, un beard of and unmolested by other 1 nations, that their identity should have been lost in antiquity, and, under the new regime, their skill snd in dustry given way to ignorance, idle ness and skepticism ? or would it not be more in consonance with the his tory of other civilized nations that : those following should have profited by the lessons taught thein aud added , to their stor; of knowledge trans mitted by surrounding themselves with other su bstantial comforts? ' It Indian ancestry knew of the aui j Dials of other countries why should j tlu progeny be so unacqitaitucd with ' the tacts by tradition or otherwise, that no ornameiits indicative of such knowledge was over found in use bv them for personal decoration to add lustre and blazonry to their inherent surplus of simple vanity? Nothing is more pleasing to a ild Indian than to Haunt gaudy c-dors or terrorizing figures conspicuously as a part of his , dress. Many of the pioneers of Oregon ! times appeared on the grouni. To well remember seeinc the nativeln- ' suppose tliev were worked ly people rbaiia uanrtpriruf nver the uraries with i uossessetl of no more knowledge thei.- infants wrapped tmlitlv to boanl with the skin of some wild animal, nr sometimes of a neculiar mat ting made by them out of a strong j swamp grass, passed around the hotly of the infant and then around the board which extended from the heels to a few inches above the top of the head; white in front a short board was tietl to the top of the rear one above the head, and drawn tightly across tha forehead by leathei throngs passing from one to the other, thus keeping up a constant and uniform pressure, which would soon result iu flattening out the little fellow's fore- head, and giving it an unsightly, wedire-shaped cranium. During this painful process the infant, during their migrations, was hung to the horn of tho saddle by means of a strong string passed through a hole cut uear the top of the board, and as the pony jogged along the incased papoose was sometimes considerably exercised by the ride. The next step after the head flattering process was accomplished, was to remove the little fellow from its incarceration i and "ve it another mark of distinc tion by partially denuding three stripes from its under lii to its chin. - t ... .. , I iniiMiii w.itrc unities, biiiin. 111: anil I - p i . in these raw places inserting an in- (,e, WjMjk bsiU,1(je t - j f J ,.f Smiltimps arllis .., ,imK- life 11 ere tattooed In a siiiiil-ir manner, and when these little striped auimals with their Hat heads and high cheek bones were given their liberty around the ramp fire, to the untutored, in snob distortions, the prospect, tor the future development of a monkey was about as plausible as for that of a human being. Frequently the sep tum ot the nose was pierced so that a feather of a wild bird or the talouof a hawk could be inserted for orna mentation. This condition of things came uuder the observation of those 'avllDame here iu the fifties. Mauy tattooed Indians are still to be seen, hut most, if not all. the (fatheads have passed away. The practice of infant maiming has also past away In-fore the wholesome pressure of civ ilizition. JmicIi unsightly tb-formities would not impress the intelligent observer, with the possibility that in the I0112 since gone by prehistoric a'es these! miserable excrescenses on the hiimau escuthe.jn, dwelling in tiallor and tilth, had an origin from a cl-iss ot workmen who erected walls, worked nines and manufactured implements of utility ; but the impression would more nearly accord with reason, that these barbarians had exterminated the civilized races and became "moii- irchs of all they surveyed," without sene or ea-e enough to preserve Un true history of the cruntry for futun nligliteonieut. Shells strung about the neck, and moccasins nicely flow rel with different colored beads, brass rings encircling the wrists, red dankets and calicoes with the most dazzling, tapestry, when they could oe obtained from the white trader was the highest of their unenviable jmbition. With the history of their nature and former practices before 11 1 suggestive query is, if they were the children of the artisans of earliei -lays why did they not preserve an image of some foreign animal or pos sess gewgaw heirlooms of imperish able metals formerly owued by theii iindred? They would bankrupt them selves to get showy articles fnvn white people, and when obtained votild best.iw on such the tenderest care. Neither invention nor con struction seemed to be any pirt ot their nature, but they were depend ent upon daily surroundings. It white men found attractive curiosi s, buried in the artificial mounds, ii .voultl seem, if they were of India:; irigin, the Indians when first met b .vhite men, would still have possessed some of them. In Utah, Arizona, Mexico, and some other places, rocks, upon which are hireoglyphics and picture writ ing have been found. By comparison the hireoglyphics are thought by s me investigators to represent some thing intelligible, either an alphabet or symbol: by which the passer by culd get information concerning the adjacent country or the oeniz'-ns ot the immediate vicinity. The paint ings are representatsons of birds, ani nial.; Hshes, etc., and are of a very durable substance. Large basins 01 pots carved iu solid granite, from one to three feet deep and from rive to eight feet in diameter, large enough to hold ten .barrels of water have been found. They are thought by some to have been re peptides used for grinding ores. It of Indian origin what use had they for ores 1 That these relics of great antiquity do exist is undisputed, but what they were for or by whom or when made is left for individual conjecture. Crumbled remains of stone and adobe houses ind supposed breastworks are also quite numerous, and even the outlines of villages or perhaps cities are fau nd. To suppose that a j eople living in primeval peace and content ment, in a "happy vallev" as describ ed in Kasales, each era adding more to their substantial comfort, atter arriving at the zenith of national use fulness, could degenerate so low as to transform into hordes of wild tribes, wnudering aimlessly from place to place, depending on the bow and arrow and the uncertain chances of pillage from neighboring tribes tor subsistence is not reasonable. Neither is it true that people of intelligence, as facts show the now extinct abori gine of America to have been, fail to record the history of their own acts tor the pensual and benent of their kindred who follow them. Their kuowledge and experience become delegated powers transmitted from ancestor to offspring, and under no circumstance, not even an extermi nating war, can we believe an enlight ened nation pecularily favored with an earthly paradise, as subsequent explorers found the valleys of Amer ica to be, could uow be represented by shiftless bands of maurauders with no settled habitation and no purpose in view except as provided by each recurring morning for the remainder of that day. And, again, perfect specimens of red pottery ware have been found iu many places buried in these mounds. It of Indian origin whv were the Indians of Columb is's time destitute of such conveniences ? The copper mines of Lake Superioi are known, from shafts ami tunnel f.tund in them, to have been worked ionss before the wh'.tc mau of liiodcru a ! iudustrv than the class the white man : found thflre would be an infringement - :' on reason and a travestrv on trutn. Evidences ol the existence 01 an .in telli-'ent race having possession this continent long befoie the time of the uresent Indian era, are too numerous to admit of doubt, but from whence they came or whither they went none can say. Early ex plorers found both black and white tribes in Mexico and Central Amer ica that differed in habits and dispo sition from the ludiaus. Busto of stone were exhumed that were fash ioned after genuine negro features, and others resembling persons of smoother features with long flawing oeara. Here did Indians get au idea of negroes and where of beard ed people to afford them material for sculpture, if the Indian was the first and only people here prior to 14'J2? Is it likely the black and white people found in the extreme south, as above mentioned, came after the pil grim fathers ani so soon lost all knowledge of their mother country, or is it more probable that they were the remnants ot trmes tnat possessed the couutry before the Indian came? The question might then follow. "If they preceded the Indians why did they not give some history of,V)e mound huildeVs?-' The answer is that if they were direct descendants of the mound builders, their forefathers ha I ! been swept away from the face et the earth by Indian invasions and the few refugees from savage vengeance had to abandon all letters and devote themselves to vigilance for personal safety. As Indians are strange! s to justice no mercy is expected at their ban. Is. The next questiou might arise, were the Aztecs, the cliff dwellers near the equator, and the builders ot the walls and houses and of the pyra mids of Mexico, of whom we have little or no date except their handi work, identical with the mound build ers? This is a question that cannot be answered, but if we segregate them as nations and allow them sep erate eras of existence, there would be still less probability that Indians t nk any active hand iu any part of the labor. Ignatias Donnelly wrote a work en title 1, " Atlantis, ttie Ante-Ueiuviaii World," in which he introduced strong argu men ts and collations from numerous writers, confirmatory of the theory that in past ages there was a large island occupied the space now taken by the Atlantic ocean, reaching from near the African bor der to South America. That this island was peopled with a highly civilized and thoroughly educated folk who visited the main land iu small boats. That during a terrih'e cateclysm the island, aud most of its occupants, were inundated never again to ap(icar. To attempt to give iinre than a passing notice of his work, is not withiu the province ot this article, and even that notice is only adiniss. ible as far as it offers evidence in sup port of the non-Indian theory of mound builders. Whether he is correct or iu error his arguments arc not easy to refute or his theory to overthrow, and that portion that can be utilized in support of this article is exceptionally valuable to the eth nologist. Indian mounds, a? thpy are gener ally called, are numerous in Oregon and Washington territory. They were evidently constructed at thr same period, and by tl.e same people chat those of the older states were, uid perhaps that the mounds of Scotland were. What the object of their construction was is a great mys tery. In the older states societies t scientists have sent representatives to get all the information with refer ence to the mounds that could be dad. In many of the mounds human remains were found, while iu others vaults contaiaing pottery, copper ixes, arrow beads, stone pipes and mauy things of ornament and utility were found, while others still con tained nothing. So it is evident thev were not, as many have supposed, iu tende I for burial grounds, simply. Many of the mounds iu Washington territory have been explored with similar results. The writer hereof has done some work in that line in this state, and found the condition here to be as in eastern mounds, ex cept, instead of burnt nottery, mor tars and pestles worked out of bard basalt rock, some of them highly pol ished. are quit.: often found. Iu some instances farther east the mounds are fifteen to twenty feet high, aud even have been knowu considerably higher, containing human remains from tl.e base to near the top, buried in differ ent positions in alternate layers one above the other. To all appearances it would seem they had been buried at different dates, and probably by different tribes; some were lying, others sitting, while others were thrown iu a permiscious heap, indi cating that they might have been taken from the burial scaffold, or fr.mi a tribal bone-house and deposited iu a general sepulcher. The different modes of interment would indicate different periods of burial with change of form, or that the mortuary rites of different tribes were not identical and that the sacred mounds were used as neutral grounds for all travel ers toward the "happy hunting ground." At all events the silent denizens now to be found in their quiet cells, not observing the same attitude, furnish thought for the j ethnologist. The above paragraph might be con strued that I had abandoned the anti Indian theory of mound origiu, for it assumes that the skeletons found are perhaps those of Indians, but such construction would be incor rect. There is reason for the be lief that many, if not all, of the bones exhumed are Indians', but as Indian nature is to murder and plun der civilized people of their personal chatties, would they likely blush at purloining a graveyard? Mounds are always high and dry, and after the original owners had been driven away the savage exultation can be imaganed when in his declining days he realizes his last earthly possessions to be a stolen gave. To those who endorse the Iudian origin of these mounds, when thev see that they are not altogether for nurial purposes, it might be wed to consider thit Indians are gregarious as tribes and not as famihev, there- 1 tore, considering the area of tnese I mounds, we cau hardly consider them erec; mieiliary purposes, for tribes, so fir as written history or ' reaches back, were much stronger numerically formerly than now. The ', warlike temper t all American In- i duns aud their love of gun by mur der and plunder, contraitniicates their .f ' livinjr other than m the oest fortified positions, ana as compact as j.ossime, to resist the attacks ot neighboring 1 tribes, but no discovered mound is large enough to afford room for the I tents or brush wb'waius of an entire 1 tribe. Proper investigation of these mouuds, wherever found, migh-, re sult in disclosures beneficial, but if we consider them either sacred, or of I scientilic or historic value, then tue ruthless nana ot vandalism, tnat so often' desecrates them through idle curiosity, should be withheld till such time as they could be properly ex- plored aud the history ot their con tents recorded. The Willamette valley, and espe cially Linn county, is abundantly sup plied with apcient mouuds, which erosions following the footsteps of civilization ill, before the lapse of nuny years, tflectually erase, and 1 then the oniy jtnowledge that gentra- ; tious in th future '.-an have of these' singulav'-mties, ,e sucii frag-iiii-nta . .ings as may be preserv ed thugii individual effort put forth it thw age. Nthout state recognatiow, and without adequate concert ot action of tltose interested: not by gislative enactment placed lit the state archives but gathered from tlie tew brief account' given in enterprise fug pubiic prints that may stray into some cranny, and be exhumed by the relic hunter a few centuries i.ence. as the buried mysteries of the past are. with uncertain noiio-iiclature. timliiig the light of the present ae. III. 1 1. 1 II ItOHUK I anion Mxla ami Mineral .Springs ol' I i ii ii 4 omit). No portio'i of Oregon is more favor ed w it Ii excellent health reort. water ing places, and mineral springs than is Linn eounl. Along tie south fork f the S:i 11 1 "1:1 111 mum 1011- soda springs arc found, which nubble ::p from the solid rock-, emitting cold, sparkling 1 mineral watei which cannot be siir I passed by the commercial water ol' any ! of the faiiioiis springs of Piis roiaitrv. The exi e'ileticc of these springs dm ing tl.e summer attract large numbers l tourist-, and In- resulted in placing the water i;ioii the market. The uc.ri -t ol the spring to A'bany arc- MT. HOOD, SHOWING BIRD s at Sodaville and Waterloo. The traveler or he iltli-scekcr after taking the train from Albany to l.ebenoii will, in half an hour's ride by stage, reach either of these resorts. The atteut.on at tracted to Sodaville bv these soda springs has led to a project of extend ing the Lebanon branch of the South- em I'aeilic railroad to that place. It is a thriving incorpoiatcd village, and 1 lie springs are puonc propci 1 1 , ine ; city Hating cxpeiuica a cousiueraiuc building, providing "them with ever I "'J' ' " nclie ill length convenience, and surrounding them j aitl to lt!J ,,f a,,t while 011 the wing, with a park. The country frpm Lcb. Larly 111 the morning it crows not un anon to the spring i comparatively like a yrmng rooster, and when flush level, and no dillicultv would be ex" ed flies straight awav with a conr- perienced in constructing the proposed , railioad It is not iiiiprob.il.le that j iiiolhcr ear will witness tin huild- ing of such a railroad branch. At Waterloo is located in equally attractive resort. Here is situ .led the famous Waterloo falls, au accurate view of which, from a phot: by '.raw- WATERLOO ford, the artist, of this city, is furnish ed iii the accompanying illustration. The springs How from the rocks im mediately below' the falls, and they are visited annually by many thou sand people. A well conducted bote", is kept bv .1. C. tos. and the place has a well stocked store, feed stable and all the conveniences desired by tourists. The f ills, which are 14 feet high and could be made to give a head of ib feet, offers excellent water power. Fin thcr up the Santiam are located the Kiiullcy eoda springs. An analysis of the water of the soring show the following rcs-ult : S.hI'U.ii, li per eelit. C hli'iMic. 4 per cent. .M.izi'fsiiiin. s per tent. Iron, -'..- per eel.t. r.irln.Mc Dioxide 17, t volume. I.Miititf, a t'-i-v. Still fiu t'.cr up arc are I'ppcr Soi'a i. 1 , iftg rinj:-.. .Severlnrw ones have recent v tieen tli-eoxerevTiii U:e lovamy. In- deed sixbt sprmu.:- are t. be found .,1 '...-.T1.1.. ..: i (i ii nit 1 .1 1 11. gii.iv 1 atvu iiii- frk ot tie :ii;ii;iiu. I he. adjacent : iiio'-ntiiiii.-. i:K-r a Hilt field forhuntcis i of deer ;::d smaller game, while the j diM-iple o', Iaek WulUm finds that : the rushii,fddyin!.:.sparkling -tre m, ! and the lakes, at its source higher up, ; oiler excellent trout lishiiig grounds. I lie seenerv :long the s-treain is most pirtiire.-iti. Suture setiued to huv been so !;t vls-li in her adornment of the region tlr.it Ike works of man seem to mar rather than beautify the place. Mere tl:e maple, the ash, the oak and the inajestiv tir blend in harmonious tints, while the silvery sparkle of the rippling river, whose mossy dirt's are surmounted by rugged mountains, tin islics a scene of cm banting beauty. To the lover of mountain scenery, the sportsman. the hcalth-iscekcr, anil the most rsthiiou tourist, this region j offers a fcetd at once pietiiresquelv grand, attractive e.r.d gratifying Tilt: xft,iJi rmcASAtT. History of Their 1 11 1 rod net ion Into This 4 aalry. Six years aio Mr. John Denny turn ed loos" on his plar.e in Linn county eleven China or Mongolian phi asants. the only one? in America. The birds we-e imported from China as an ex periment. ai.d the legislature passed a stringent law protecting them for a period of live years. Iu 1SS5 another act was passed extending the time six years, which makes the killing ot any of these birds before Nov. '2. 1S! puuishuble by a line of from isiO to 1 IK). The climate seem, to have been perfect for them, and they have increased very rapidly, until now ' though most plentiful here, they can be fourd in all the adjoining counties. Tin y liiostly h. habit the low dry swales, and are never found iu the brush or timber. Dak creek, a small wet-weather stream emptying into the Calipooia a few iuilc south ot Albany, is a favorite pi ice for them, and in a single day's 'runt as many as a hum: red can be seen. As to w hether or not they are more detrimental to the farmer than the native grouse, there is a great diver sity ot opinion. Some claim they are, and as proof call attention n fields of grain, portions of which have been destroyed; while others claim that an equal number of grouse "on!,l hive been equally as destruct ive. Hunters are moie interested iu knowing whether or not they are a JJVE VIE V F I. K Tl. N I), game bird. Should the epicure ask he could not be answered, as no out could be found who wulild admit they had eaten one. Humor, how ever, says that the flesh is very whitt. and tastes similar to chicken. In beauty they surpass anyfOregon bird. Ihe male is about one-fifth larger than a grouse and is decked with leathers of every color; around its M ,4,j. a black ring tiuged with red. whirring noise, keeping in a straight ijnt a8 (loe8 the aiI lint the ang, pity the poor brute, mat, catching the scent, conns to a stand and expects to find his bird is ofteu mistaken. It may be there and it may not. On foot they are the FALLS. equal of any dog and seem to take pride in giving them chase through the tall grass or wheat. They can not be depended on, for when the dog sets where the bird should be, it may be a hundred yards away and running at the rate of twenty-four knots au hour'.' The last and perhaps the greatest obiection the hunter lits to them is that where thev live no other bird can. That is, in places ou the prairie where formerally could be found plenty of grouse and pheasants there are none now, all having been driven to the timber. Many favor the repeal of the pro tertion law, ami other favor lertnis: it stand: at sny rate, while a law it should be enforced. ft' ALB)- miTtH 11CHTS at : . . , swsMrthliix Ahum Mir jfni :lal- lisfcj Baring lb-Sear. Foremost among the iinprownicuts eoinplctcd in th s i:y during the past year, is the rviistriu lion of. the elec tric liglu sys-tvin ol .Vr. . II. Allen. It consists ot two eoinpleti plants, oiulii.nng the improved Schuyler are svst(ui. wild laiiios of ''HV. . :iiiili,. e power I e j lleishfj for street nurboscs. ami tin UI lUCUlUifSCf lit slst.-lll Aiilli lamps- of -V to, iXKi candle power for buildings. This makes one of the most (rompleti- systems of electric lightsof any on tin; Pacific ('oust, the cost otwhUh is about .l.".(KX)i For the enterprise manifested in supply ing moaiiy wiin ursi class elcclric lights. Mr. Al'cn .-eliainli deserves much ereditiadtbennilertakhighas ln met with the approval and patroikigv of I he city and the public in general. The old kerosene street li.intw, which have doue good service in the vears past, are to be seen no more.tbeir placc haying been supplanted io liirhts more in accord with the requirements of a. vcty. The motor power, it is unnecessary to state, is derived from Albany V nuig liilicclit water power, bcinj. furnished by Mr. John Al Cawford, although a '.Hl-hnse pow er engine has he n added to the building situated at the junc tion of Sccnd street wi'h the t ala pooia and the jhiiur of the Ssintiam canal. v. The lamp for street purposes made by the Schlivler lonijiv, uiv from new designs and have very dedded advantages 111 the qualitv of the light furnished and ease and safety of liand liug. The new lamp is believed to be the iik st perfect arc lamp ever con stlllctcd, and it solves sccce.sf-llv many of the problems that have pu. .led inventors who weie seeking a perfectly steady, noiseless, and abso lutely lllr iHorlliv I I: for this ser vice. It gives a pure, sort and incll light, without the hard bluish ti:.t so ilo'iccable iu other systems. The laiiip contains, also, "an ingenious automatic c-u'.oiit, by which, iu case of accident to any single lamp, is at once throw n out of circuit, and all t hi res t on the line burn on affected. Cut outs are generally ucd because wi;h oiit them damage tonne lamp would extinguish all the others on the line, which has proven an ainiov. ante iu the Salem lights, tint 110 other is, at the same time, so simple and so ccr tain as that in- Ihe Schuyler lamp.. They are perfect in theii' working, and their construction marks one uf Un important improvement made iu the city during the year, and one which is a credit to Albany. Wlial These I iilcrpi-ising l.i-ocri'.v 111 v lire Doing. , Messrs. Conn l'ros., o f this city, are among the business men of Al bany, who, with the end of the year, have closed an active twelve-month's trade. They report that their busi ness has doubled during the past year. I hey make a specialty ot glass ware and crockery, of which they carry a large stock, and in their gro cery department keep only the fresh est assortment of choice family gro ceries. The have during the year re moved their store into 11. ore commo dious quarters, occupying the elegant brick building owned by Charles I'feiffer, adjoining tht Revere House. With the growth of Albany thev have kept thoroughly abreast with the times, and enjoy it thriving trade both from the country and city.. I'heir goods are" bought fresh, sold quickly at a small prjfit. I)oiug a strictly cash business they are enab led to save money to their customers 1 nd at tiie same time steadily in Tease their business. The firm consists of Richard K. and Terry R. Conn, both of whom are among Albany's enterprising young business men. FOSII.4Y A .MAM.. rhee Popular lrnaaisl Maintain 'thriving Trade. This tirm forms oue of the leading houses in their line in the Willamette valley. They do both a wholesale and retail business. Their stock of drugs, paints, glass, etc.", is fresh and first-class iu ail respects. They also carry a full line of books and sta tionery. They probably have the largest stook iu their line of any house in the state, outside of Port 'a:.d, and do a thriving wholesale trade in supplying the smaller towns 111 this section. During the past year thev have, in connec ion with W. C. Tweedale, joustructed au elegant two-story usiue.'s house, which is occupied by the latter. Messrs. Foshay & Masou till occupy their old quaiters in Foster's block, an excellent view of which is given on our first page. AT COST ! HOOTS AND SHOES. r.iownoll & Stanard have still a goods assortment to select from, and among them have : Ladies best uuafitv Rochester made Kr. kid button, V4 :C; regular price ...i't 50 Kxtratiu ility Fr hid button, $3; resnuar l.rn-e 5 00 (nod Fr kid button i:t; regular price. . 4 00 Piixht (iondola button. Best quality, ii T.i; regular price 3 50 Bright Gond'ila bu'ton, (rood style s"2 00 regular price American kid, button, best iialit.. s'2; it-iMilar price 3 00 3 00 2 00 American kid, button, second quality, i.y, regular price '. A kooiI assortment of Children ar.u . Misses oil grain school shoes from 1 to 81 20; regular price $1 ,X5to.. Ladies rubbers 30 and Men's rubbers I. Come before all are closed out, I IjKOWNELL & ST AX AUD, MX1IUNKREH ACKFR OF GOOD PASTURAGE And iibumhince ot runniiitr water on the Klliott Ka-.icli, (our miles south of Scio. Horses 1 tier month; cattle TK) -?f"No diseased stock received, cuts, O. C. MOOX, Scio. Oresrod. FOSHAY & MASON Wholesale and Retail x; - j nmmi Drwls l 1 II KAAL'CAl Al fctfT tr PuMSraflM. 1 I'nTH sv7i-e .vm0kk OrfiOTi Cit . Or Oit 3 "IVTOTICK Is HfcKf.l.i t,UK. 1 HAT IV J.T cotenliance with tbc pro isi.i's of t. aLt o toiiLr?s of .lune :l, H7S, uiitulfi An aetfor the sale or iiiiim r Ian-is in the 'u: ;s of "a.i.linii.t, Oregon, Nciada, ai.d WVIrr ton iMTiU-rv,"' Willkn.. W Macooti t Ai'unt, coui.ty ot Linn, stt f Oregon, ha tin- i .y Hied iii this ottiee hi sm slsleiiu-nt Xj.'I, frothe .urclia-e ot the K A ot X K. iof s.;.'ioa 22 a:.i W. '. of N. W J ! section .-2.i. in tt.wasfiin X !S. rawuu Xn. 4. K.. and ill offer ur'.of to sln.w tl't the lamt syaht i.i morr MtJnaMtf for its tim .r cr stono :!:au for JLTiciiltlcal puivi-x sv and to stablisli his claiin to saitl land ln.lnretl. tcjiT aiiJ retvi-jr. thij-otfiee S Orvoi. I'it.v, retf.i., 011 '1'liursti.iy. the 241 h J ft Jaiillary . ls . He n:iin. as u itiirsscs: tl Ko. C. C K-I I, s. W. littvif. aii'l s. . Train, uf of Albany. Linn county, onwiiii. Any ami ll K.'riit elaimin, adveist-ly the alime-desTitH-d lan l are iettivstfd to tilir their eJaiin ill this o1..e on or before said 24th iav ot Jannan . lssl, T. Bl'KXtV, Register. yutkt r lr rMiM-Mliwta. I'sitku Si itks LankOkkk k, I iM-ciroii C'itv. or.. Oct. :to. i TOT ICE Is llt-.IJhbV ;iKX THAI IN etnuplialuc willr Ilie rn islons ot this act Congress June :;, 17H, tl.titleil "An act tor the we of 1 im'M T la. ills iu the states oH.'aliiornia. :, iron, Ne.i.la. ami VasJiin;j;(on 'IVrriton ." 'hristt..hfr '. Ktlly f Albany cmnn .if I. inn. stale ot Oregon has tliis day tilc.i 1 1 this office his sworn sluteineiits Xt. ii. tlie I'lircliast of the X. E. Ot S. V. ol section No. -Jl. in tt)Uiishi Xo. !. !. ranye X. 4- . anil will oifi-r rNif to show that thetai;' t-..-h is iiion aii:iliii- i..r if- Tiicr.-r . -stone than ft its agricultural uriosc.. a 1."" I i-staiilisiv.iis 1 tllii t SiOl 01 : t. Heuister ami l!ec.-e cr .it tliis oitice at orco.1 I'ity, I ireuon, on Thursiiax tlie 24lb dav o .latiitiirv Issii. tie Hilling as w itiiesscM: i:,. W. MactMiii, S. W, tftfec, J. S. Trjiii, a; I II. I'", 'fabler, allot Abianv I. inn l.tost.tv Orenii. Any anil all J-ersons aJverev claiming the abnejes..ribel lamis arelc inestcil to Die their t luiiii ill this ttttit vn. t.r bil'orr said -.'41 Ii ila. of .l-iiiuan 1s.s;i W. I . I'd liNE. CtVisf. r, Aolirr Iwr I'lililiriilioii. IMlKIt Sl.lTKs I.WlHIIMtr, I Oregon fiti, nr. ! ::. t otkt: is ui:i:ki; c:ivi.x 1 ti.M in eon. iiliunee with the iiroi tsntiis ot t: j act if l ontres, of .luiic '!. IsTs, ciit:tc l "An act for I lie wile of timber lamU 111 :'. states of California, tlreg. 11, Xciaiia. i I U'a-!iiiigtin I'en itorv." Iteli. K. Taliler Albany Criuu'.y of I. inn. State otorc .-i has this day filed in tiiis oltici his mm 1 statement Xo. ".n.'i, for the .iirchat Ki ol X. V and W.. of X. Ej of sccli..n N 1. 22,111 township !. S. r.tliife Xo. 4. E. U will offer nool to show that the laml souiit is in.ire valiiahle for its timber or ston '..n't for agricultural iiiroses, and to ts-t tl.i.-i his claim to kihI lai.d belorc the IU-isIh,-aml Itctxivei'i ot this otliec at Oremm it . , oregon on Ihiuvtay the 24th la.f.l. :iar lss:. Ho names a w it iick -: i ' . i Kelly S. XV. lieece. S. S Traiii, ami W . W, .MacctHin, all ot A lino it l.ii.n Count? r.-j' -. Any ami ail icro.is claiming atier--lt aho t-ileserihet lali.ls ale retiue-f. ) t-j liic, their claims in this ottit oiior ,t-f-)rt the 24th ,1 iiuian ls;i. V. T. Ill ItXKV. ifogistei. t.M'i'iilors Nolice. is Ei:r.i:v :iven that the vroiici: iimlersigiietl has liceu tlulv apiKiti.? J by the 4 'oiuiii Court of l.uiii ti.niit.v nv exceutor of the last will and tesuo.cut Kr-d .Mueller deii'.is , All ihtmoiis haiir claims against wiiil estate are hereby reqiliti-.i to nrt seiit fhetn iroperl.v u riliwl as rei.uref bylaw wit bin six months troin this date to the undersigned at Albany Oregon. I his thell.d iiy of leivn liter lsss. J. K. WKATIIKRlTmn Amki.ia Mckllrr Attv for Exectitiix. Executri Hcr of Hnal Srlllrmrnt. NOTIi K is IIKCEIiV IMVEX iiudersigucil has this day THAT nlni in nullity court it I. inn coiu.ti, Oreg"ii-h: final acctriint as executor of the lat will an testament til' John l.lii k, tleceased, and that Satiirtlay the 1 1th ilay of Jamiary, Iss.l, the hour of 1 o clock r. m. of saitl tiav lix Itcvn attixetl by Kiitl court for the hearing of objections to said final account, ami tor the settlement thereof. KICHARD BI RRIS. Executor of the la t will and tcst-imctil C .lohn Itlick, deceased. 1 4tnilaislaalr'i Nlirr. VOTICE IS HEREBY IHVEX' THAT THE L uuilersignnl, was, m the ..th day of Hcwiiiner, Issn, by onler of the County Court of Linn County, Oregon, duly anKint ed aduiiiiistrator of the estate of .lohn A. Khinett. lete ot Linn :Hiu.ity, dceeancd. All ersoiiH having claims against said estate are hereby retuired tt present them with proper vouchers to the uiiccrsigr.cd, ut bis place near Shcdd, in Linn county, Oregon, within six mouths from tins date. Hated lec. 7tn, 1"SS. JOHN" W. PlCiH, Cms. E, WOLVEHTOX, Adiuinistrat ir. Att'v for Atlinistrafor XT1 In the County Court !' Liun County, State tf Oregon : APPLICATION HAVIXU BEEN MAHK in the alsive entitletl etmrt by I'harl.n H. Seliu crt for change f i.a"ie froniC'hirl. s II . S.-liubert to Chailes H Muller. Nothk is hereby given to all jH-r.-ioiis ci.nccriie.i. t Ih: mid :ipiear in the alsive entitletl itmrt. at the crt house, in ihe city of Albany, on Monday, theTih day of January, A. lss, at the hour of !l o'clock in the forenoon of saitl day, the Mint being the rtgular .l.tniurt term, of saitl court, ami then and ther show cruse, if any exest, whv the name of said petitioner should not be changed m pray id for. lionr by order of the Hon. I. Ii. Rlac't. burn. Judge cf saitl County Co .rt. Witness my hand and the scat of naif Court, affixed this 7th dav of Ik-ccmltcr. A. I)., ItfSS. E. E. MOXTaOI E. DR. D. M. JONi Has accepted the agency of pngon'atnl W T. for the A. C. Hat lis Electric Battery on J Little Kentucky Giant. This battery ;an lie used and kept in order w ith but little Rtudy or eipenm:. It is one of the finest physicium' anu family ttuttenes in the market. Acyone wishing to purchase go.nl battel y wil do well to nll and exanin.e them. The medical woi ' acknowledge the great healing pow-ei of electricity in many diseases, am1 csecially those of a chroma character Tl.c doctoi Is prepared to ;rb e electrical treatment, llierc has been no ex pense spared in procuring every appliaiett necessary to obtain the best curative effect from this potent agent. You will find at hi otticc the Earadic and the Calvanic batter ies, the Oab aiK.n.eter. niillami'ere meter, the automatic Rheotome, electric neetlles, Gah no Magnet, the great galvanic hair.rtt Per sons desiring to purchase a battery or wishini electrical treatment, will call at lr. Jones' . office on Third and Washington streets, Al ( bany, Oregon PATEWTS CAVEATS, TRADE MARKS AND COPY RICHTS Obtained, and all business in tin- I .3. Patent Olllce attended to at moderate fees. Our oflice is opposite tlie L. S. I cut Oflice,' Hticl wc- can obtain Patc-'s in less time than those remote Iroro Wash i listen. Send model or drnwinir. vw aatse as to iiiiteutaliilitv free of c luit c; anJ 1 . . . i.. we make n; c-bare unless we oma. patent. We refer lu re to the P.stma-ter, tfi Sui.t.ld Money Order liv , and too ialsof the U.S. I'atent umee. ireular, advice, terms and icteieB to actual clients in vour own S'.a-e "r outit. v liti to . SM t ' r, Oj.ji PaLOilice, Wusliittu'toti, I -