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About Spilyay tymoo. (Warm Springs, Or.) 1976-current | View Entire Issue (Oct. 19, 2000)
Warm Springs, Oregon October 19,2000 9 r onmrw fnn umwktt Arlcne Boilcau 4-H& Youth Bob Pawclck Livestock Clint Jacks .EXTENSION service Staff Chair, Madras Zack delNcro Minnie RedDog Natural Resources 4-H Assistant (540 553-3238 Bcrnadcttc Handlcy Home Economics The Oregon Slate University Extension Service staff is devoted to extending research-based information from OSU to the people of Warm Springs In agriculture, home economics, 4-H youth, forestry, community development, energy and extension sea grant program with OSU, United States Department of Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs cooperating. The extension service offers its programs and materials equally to all people. Internet address: http:www.orst.edudeptwsext The Clover Speaks Natural Resources Notables SpilyayTymoo Arlene Boileau, Minnie Tulalakus, Warm Springs 4-H Program Be A 4-1 1 Volunteer, Share your Tal ents with the Youth of Warm Springs, Dis cover the World Together, what you have to offer and what the youth of Warm Springs will gain. Flexibility to fit your interests, for you and the youth of Warm Springs. Pride in Learning when youth learns a new skill or do a job well. The youth gains self-esteem and the volunteer is satisfied at watching the young person blossom. I lere's how you can get involved. Contact the Warm Springs OSU Extension Office and talk to Arlene or Minnie about how you can share your skills and talent with the youth of Warm Springs Call 553-3238. being a 4-H Volunteer has many rewards, taken in part from the 2000 4- II pamphlet. Wednesday October 4, 2000, 3:30 6:30 p.m. Topic: Peanut Butter & Jelly Blindfold. Wednesday October 11, 2000, 3:30 6:30 p.m. Topic: Food Safety & Hand washing. Wednesday October 18, 2000, 3:30 6:30 p.m. Topic: Great Pumpkin Party & Cookie Contest to be judged on Tuesday Halloween is fast approaching and ev erywhere you look, you can spot orange and black decorations. But where did the celebration of Halloween originate? Some folks say it has pagan roots and some say it has Christian roots. Both would be cor rect. Christian Celts celebrated the end of autumn and the beginning of a new year with a feast on Halloween, They believed that all the laws of time and space were suspended for that day. Spirits of folks that had passed on to the next life could freely roam the earth. To ward off these' 'spirits, ' the Celts put out their fires that night. The next morn they relit their fires from the main fire that was always burning. Christians celebrate November 1 as All Saints Day, a day to remember all those souls that have passed on and gone to heaven. In order to prepare for the feast, the Christians tried to make holy or "hal low" on the "eve" before. Hence, the "hal low eve" or Halloween. Trick-or-treating originated in Europe from "souling". Beggars would walk from town to town trading prayers for deceased family members in exchange for cakes made of bread filled with currants. The jack-o-lantern custom came from Irish folklore. Based on the story, Jack, a drunk ard and trickster could not enter heaven because of his evil ways. The devil gave him one ember to light his way through the darkness. The Irish originally used turnips to carry the ember but switched to pump Getting Heifers Bred By Bob Pawelek The following research confirms sus picions I have had for years relative to get ting first calf heifers bred. According to research conducted by Dr. Bob Bellows, respected nutritionist and reproductive physiologist from the Miles City, Montana Fort Keogh Research Cen ter, non-puberal estrus occurs in approxi mately 20 of heifers as they near puberty. Non-puberal estrus animals exhibit all out ward signs of estrus, the riding, the stand ing, the nervousness, etc. Standing heat may last for as few as two to three hours to as many as 24 hours, instead of the aver age 10 to 12 hours. The time interval be tween non-puberal estrus heat cycles may be as few as five days to as many as 45 days, instead of the average of 18 to 21 days. Non-puberal estrus cycles are not fertile heats. The heifers are reaching re productive maturity, however, they are not there yet. All signs of heat and duration of cycles are erratic and unpredictable. It is for these reasons that Dr. Bellows recommends heifers be fed to reach target breeding weight and be showing outwards signs of estrus at least 45 days prior to the breeding period. Usually after the second and third estus, all heifers are having fer tile heats and a breeding program will be successful. A common mistake I see producers make is visually observing a cluster of heif ers bulling 45 to 60 days prior to the breed ing period. Producers assume that the whole cluster is in heat. Dr. Bellows re search shows that usually only one heifer is actually in heat and the rest are curious and bored riders. This leaves producers w ith the false impression that the group of heifers are fed to target w eight and are now on track to breed. Often times producers back off on the feed. Take time to actually observe the group of heifers and see which ones are actually in standing heat. You should be seeing on a daily basis 5 of the heifers truly in standing heat if all are cy clic. If you have 100 heifers you should average 5 head of standing heat heifers per 17. Wednesday October 25, 2000, 3:30 6:30 p.m. Topic: Deer with Cooking. Wednesday November 1, 2000, 3:30 6:30 p.m. Topic: Potato's, Potato's, & more potato's. Wednesday November 8, 2000, 3:30- 6:00 p.m. Topic: Apples of the Great Northwest. Wednesday November 15, 2000,3:30 6:30 p.m. Topic: Salmon. Wednesday November 27, 2000, 3:30 6:30 p.m. Topic: Baking Pies Home Sweet Home By Bernadette Handley, Family & Community Development Agent kins when they came to the New World since pumpkins were plentiful. Whatever its origin, Halloween is just around the corner. Soon, little ghosts and goblins will be at your door. "Trick or Treat, smell my feet, give me something good to eat!" For a change, how about choosing treats that "aren't so sweet" and ARE truly "good to eat"? Buying low fat, low sugar treats for the children may be a "treat" for you, too, since you won't be tempted to eat the leftover treats when the night is "through."1-' .( Instead of picking up sticks of regular gum, try sugar free choices. Or instead of a candy bar, how about a granola or cereal bar? Some other choices might be indi vidual packs of pretzels, baked corn chips, or boxes of unsweetened cereal, cheese and crackers, sticks of jerky or cheese. Fruit is always a good choice, too. Individual juice boxes, dried fruit, raisins or fruit roll ups make safe and healthy snacks. If edible treats don't sound fun or scary enough, how about some non-food treats? Stickers, balloons, crayons, erasers, col ored chalk, plastic spiders, worms or ani mals are another choice. Discount or dol lar stores offer many bulk items that are inexpensive. Pencils and pens are always a hit! Now that the 'treats' are in order, it is time to put on your costume and head out. Following these safety tips can make this Halloween a safe one for children and day. Not riding heifers but standing heat heifers. What does this tells us? It says that a development program should reach a tar get breeding weight for first calf heifers of 65 to 70 of mature weight at least 45 days prior to the breeding period. This should be a shrunk weight and not a full weight. This will allow the 20 of heifers that nor mally exhibit non-puberal estrus to go through these non fertile heats prior to ac tual breeding. All heifers should be on their second and third cycles at actual breeding time. To accomplish the above, those of us running cattle on range lands will have to start our development program earlier and push heifers harder. This means more dol lars put into our already expensive devel opment program. Open and late pregnan cies is the alternative. The non-puberal estrus situation may also explain why not all of the 0Aprecocious (early development) fe males discussed during our Beef Basics class earlier do not all turn into pregnancy. At 6 and 7 months of age heifers are not having fertile heats but are showing signs of non-puberal estrus. FDQA omEtjion ?ftFF Know Your State Government The next Know Your State Govern ment Conference is schedule for April 18 21,2001 If you are interested in finding out more about KYSG read the Spilyay we will keep you updated. Well Little Cooks it is almost Hallow een and we will be baking cookies. You will need to get out the following items to start. But first wash your hands and make sure you have a big person with you when you are in the kitchen. Measuring cups, measuring spoons, a large bowl to mix the ingredients in, and a large spoon the mix the ingredients with. Pumpkins Cookies 13 cup vegetable oil, 1 cup sugar, 1 cup canned pumpkin, 1 egg, 1 teaspoon va nilla extract, 2 cups whole wheat flour, 1 12 teaspoon baking power, 12 teaspoon soda, 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon, 14 tea spoon ground nutmeg, Vi cup chopped pe cans (optional) Cream together in the bowl oil, sugar, pumpkin, egg, and vanilla. Add the flour, baking power, baking soda, cinnamon, and the nutmeg. Stir to blend well. Add pecans. Drop by teaspoon on to a lightly oiled bak ing sheet. Bake in 350-degree oven for 10 to 12 minutes '4kf adults. Make sure the costumes are visible and easy to spot. Provide a flashlight for your child to carry. Use face paints or a mask that allows clear vision for the child. Always have an adult accompany small children. Have older children walk in pairs or a group. Visit homes that have the porch light on or are well lit.. ; i ....... Instruct your.child to not enter any houses of people they or you do not know. Encourage your child to not talk or accept a ride from a stranger. Be careful of strangers or animals Wear shoes with rubber soles to avoid slipping. Set a time for your child to return home. Make sure your child has a watch. Enforce the rule that NO treats should be eaten until an adult can inspect the food. Discard any treat that is NOT factory sealed - homemade popcorn balls, cake and cookies, etc. Use a designated driver if you attend a party with alcohol. DON'T DRINK AND DRIVE!! Stockman's lj! .fe By Bob Pawelek OSU Livestock Agent Cow slaughter continues to run below a year earlier. For the year through Sep tember 26, total cow slaughter was down 4.5 from 12 months earlier. Dairy cow f tvm Ana i Oregon State University Extension Service Beef Basics Beef Cattle Management Shortcourse Free of Charge Monday afternoon, 5:15 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. 1st Floor Conference Room Education Center October 23, 2000 November 6, and 20, 2000 Please call OSU Extension to register at 553-3238 WteaJr 7 Land There's No Place for Weeds In Habitat Restoration The Oregon Department of Agriculture (ODA) says "watch for weeds when you plant the seeds." The planting of desirable grasses and other vegetation is a key strategy in restoring habitat for salmon and other threatened or endangered species in Oregon. But it won't do any good if the mix is infested with weed seeds. From the two-acre landowner that plants from a 20-pound bag of seed to an agency land manager responsible for thousands of acres and may use seed by the ton, using clean seed is critical to repairing the land. "We have some weeds out there right now and don't need any more from the planting of seeds," says Tim Butler, manager of ODA's Weed Control Program. Yellow starthistle, knapweed, and white top are examples of the kinds of weeds that can turn a restoration project sour over time. "Habitat restoration projects are designed to get a desirable species t establish in a sensitive area," says Butler. "Grasses you are trying to establish have a fibrous root system that holds the soil together and prevents erosion. But if something undesirable like knapweed gets a hold, it can dominate the site with a tap root system that doesn't hold the soil and increases salutation in nearby streams." Oregon's history - both past and present - offers examples of the unintended consequences of seed plantings that accidentally included weeds. In' the late 1980's, to prevent erosion, the US Forest Service used aircraft to drop grass seed on thousands of acres after fires in Northeast Oregon. Unfortunately, the seed was contaminated with Yellow starthistle. The weed spread like a biological wildfire itself and became and expensive problem to deal with. In the past couple of years, contaminated wheatgrass seed originating from California but sold by a Central Oregon seed dealer introduced Yellow starthistle to several counties. As part of the construction of a new spillway at Ochoco reservoir, a five-acre site was Roundup: This slaughter was up 1.4, but other cow beef cow mostly slaughter was down 9.5 for this period of about 9 months compared to the same period of 1999. Two thousand will be the fourth year that we have reduced cow slaughter. Cow slaughter in 1999 was about 22 below 1996. Current levels of slaughter would project a cow slaughter in 2000 down about 29 from 1996. Calf slaughter for January-August un der Federal Inspection was down 10 from 12 months earlier. Calf slaughter is in the fourth consecutive year of reduction. Calf slaughter in 1999 was down about 27 from 1996 and 2000 slaughter of claves will number only about 65 of 1 996 based on slaughter levels through August. These two classes of cattle slaughter are usually the first two indicators that pro ducers are changing directions from herd reduction to herd growth. However, the growth of the cattle herd will be slow until we reduce female slaughter relative to male slaughter. Female slaughter relative to male did drop below the 1990-99 average seeded in 1997 with the tainted supply. When the site was monitored last summer, starthistle was thriving. Workers had to hand pull hundreds of unwanted weeds. Officials say the damage caused by contaminated seed may be worse than if the site had not been seeded at all. The site will need to be monitored for many more years to control any starthistle plants that might pop up. An ounce of prevention is worth a Eound of weed-free seeds - or more. "It's etter to spend the dollars up front before planting," says Jim Cramer of the ODA's Commodity Inspection Division. ODA can and does provide regulatory oversight of seed dealers through sampling and testing of product as well as auditing of records. Some companies may end up facing a civil penalty for selling seed containing a prohibited noxious weed. But even the most reputable companies can find themselves in trouble with weed seeds if they don't intensively sample and test what they have. That's where the education role comes in for the ODA. Purchasers of seed especially those involved in habitat restoration projects -need to make sure sampling and testing has been done. That goes for the farmer or rancher as well as the big agencies responsible for large tracts of land. "Individual landowners probably can't afford additional sampling and testing of the seed," says Cramer. "But at a minimum, they can ask their supplier for the test reports and blending sheets. They should know the origin of their seed. Large agencies and municipalities have the potential of spreading noxious weeds in Oregon." Another indicator of seed purity is the label. Like any product sold commercially, the label will tell the buyer what the package contains or at least it is supposed to. Some weed seeds are not prohibited as part of a seed lot, and therefore may not even be listed on the label. Cramer advises seed buyers to never accept seed without a label as "the label must state the variety and kind of each component in the bag including the weed seed amount by weight as well as any noxious weed that might be in there. The origin, purity, and germination for each component must be on the label." All this effort should be done before the planting of the seed. Once it is in the ground, any weed problems are much more costly in time, effort, and money. Also, Cramer advises the big seed buyers to "bank the good stuff." Once they find a seed lot that is clean and effective, make sure and stockpile enough of it to last -because every time they go out to buy seed, they will have to go through this whole process again. weeks cattle outlook in July but climbed back to a level below the 1990-99 average in August. When and if producers start building the breeding herd, we expect female slaughter to decrease relative to male slaughter. We are in the fourth year of reduced numbers in the cattle inventory. In the last downturn of the cattle cycle, we reduced numbers for eight years. This eight-year decline was double the number of years of decline of the decline in the numbers of the late 70's. However, the herd was re duced more in number of head in the four years of the late 70's than in the eight years of the 80's. If we can even hold beef demand steady during the next few years, we look for the cattle herd to start growing in the next couple of years. A relative short feed grain crop would delay much growth for a year or so. Feeder cattle prices this week at Okla homa City were steady with a week ear lier. Steer calves were steady to $3.00 per cwt lower and heifer claves were steady in price with seven days earlier. The price for medium and large frame No. 1 steers by weight groups were: 400 500 $95.00-109.00 per cwt, 500-600 $86.00-99.00, 600-700 $86.75-93.00, 700-800 83.50-89.00 and 800-1000 $75.50-84.00. Fed cattle prices this week were steady to $ 1 .00 higher than a week earlier. Select and choice steers sold from $66.00 to $67.00 in Midwest direct trade and from $67.00 to $67.50 in the High Plains. Feeder cattle movement from the five major areas this week was 3 12.4 thousand head. This compares with 321.7 thousand head last week and 367.35 thousand head this week in 1999. Slaughter this week of cattle under Federal Inspection was 706 thousand head. We are hopeful that we have had the low in prices for fed cattle for the summer fall period. The difference between yield 2-3 Select beef from yield 3 Choice re mained at about $10 per cwt this week. This suggests we are substantially more current w ith marketings than just a few ' w eeks ago.