Image provided by: The Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs; Warm Springs, OR
About Spilyay tymoo. (Warm Springs, Or.) 1976-current | View Entire Issue (Dec. 19, 1996)
Spilyay Tymoo Warm Springs, Oregon December 19, 1996 9 Arlene Boileau 4-H & Youth Norma Simpson Home Economics Bob Pawelek Livestock Sue Ryan 4-H Assistant Clint Jacks Staff Chair, Madras Bodie Shaw Ag & Natural Resources .EXTENSION service (503) 553-3238 The Oregon State University Extension Service staff is devoted to extending research-based Information from OSU to the people of Warm Springs In agriculture, home economics, 4-H youth, forestry, community development, energy and extension sea grant program with OSU, United States uepanmem 01 gncunurs, jenerson county ana me uonieaeratea i riDes 01 Warm Springs cooperating. The Exenslon service oners its programs and materials equally to all people. .' - The Clover speaks by Sue Ryan The 4-H Timbcrwolvcs and 4-H Timbcrcubs basketball clubs arc meeting now, and also signing up new members. Janice Gilbcrt-Gunshows is the leader for the Timbcrwolvcs, and Sandra Scott is the leader for the Timbcrcubs. Right now they have a split practice schedule. The TimbcrCubs are practicing Monday nights in Madras. This club is for those boys 12 and under. The Timbcrwolvcs is holding practice on Friday nights from 6 to 8 p.m. at the Warm Springs Elementary gym. This club is for 13 to 18 year old boys. The team could also use a couple of girls as managers, scorekeepcrs. If you want to sign up, show up at practice and fill out a 4-H Registration form. These forms can also be picked up at the 4-H office in the Old Boys Dorm. Youth Cooking is swinging along. At the last class, students learned how to cook up frybread. We'd like to say a big THANK-YOU ! to Nadinc Scott for making the dough up for us ahead of time. I'll share her recipe at the end of Cloverspcaks. If you are thinking of joining the 4-H Warm Springs Livestock Crew, now's the time to decide as they will be holding their first meeting of the year here shortly. This club is for students in 4th grade or higher that are interested in raising a sheep, pig, or steer. Animal Science projects provide opportuni ties to develop responsibility by regular)' caring for an animal. This means learning how to feed and care for your animal, Iearn ingabout the animal's health, and marketing your animal at fair. It is desirable that 4-H members own their project animals. Parents are advised to help their children get full benefit from 4-H experiences. 4-H'ers learn by doing, not by what someone does for them. With guidance, 4-H'ers should have full control of their projects. A livestock project is a business venture that offers ex cellent experience in record keeping and Highway 97 work near completed by Heather Shaw Local commuters, vacationers, and hunt ers alike have undoubtedly been affected by the highway 97 construction between the Crooked River bridge and Madras over the last two months. The State Department of Transportation contracted out the $4,763,000 job of widening the highway 5 feet on each side and adding two weigh stations to J.C. Compton Construction of McMinnville, OR. According to the company's secretarytrea surer, Susan Brown, the project should be completed by the end of this month. The project started in mid-August of this year. Next spring, the existing road and its exten sions will still need to be paved over, which should be done by September 30, 1997. Jack Boatwright, the assistant on the project, explained that although construction on the highway itself will cease over the winter, construction on the two weigh sta tions will continue through the cold months. "One station is on the Bend side, for south-bound trucks. Its at the foot of the Juniper B utte. The other is for north-bound trucks at the top of the Butte." The two stations are approximately one mile apart and will be heavily used on the busy high Safeguard your home for tiny tots Norma L. Simpson A Tribal woman came to the office this week to express her concern for the tiny tots in her home during the holidays. "I'm not use to having little ones peeking into my cup boards where I story my detergents, and bleach and other cleaning agents. When the inspector came to the house, she told her to get the items up, out of reach of the children or in locked cupboards." We have a good publications in the OSU Extension Office that will help you look for the 52 Hazardous Household Products in your home. Some are had if you eat or drink them; others when you breath them, and some when they touch your skin. Some be STOCKMAN'S ROUNDUP: Winter care for cows- 1 f- S3 by Bob Pawelek OSU Livestock Agent Several management practices can be used by many cattlemen to help their herds get through winter. One technique is to sort cattle by age. Nutritional requirements are different for young heifers than for mature cows. Feed and supplement costs can be lowered if cows can be separated and fed according to their needs. For example, bred heifers and thin older cows will benefit if - handling money. (4-H 023 1 L). If you have more questions on the Warm Springs Live stock Crew, contact leaders Sandi Thomas or Angie Orchard or call the Extension office. Now, for Nadine's Indian Fried Bread Recipe INGREDIENTS 4 CUPS FLOUR I TSP SALT 1 TBSP BAKING POWDER 2 TBSP DRY MILK I 12 CUPS HOT WATER 1 12 CUPS X-TRA FLOUR 1 CUP CRISCO (OIL) DIRECTIONS 1 . Mix dry ingredients together real well. Gradually add really hot water, enough to make flour mixture look like cooked oatmeal. 2. Gradually add extra flour, folding the mixture under and pressing down on top of the dough. Fold for at least 5 minutes. 3. Let stand(Sit) for at least 1 hour. 4. Take small amount of dough, press to gether with palm of hands, use thumbs to press center to form a small size pancake. 5. Place pancake size dough into hot cook ing oil for about 1 minute each side or until golden brown. way. The increased amount of traffic traveling the highway from Bend to Portland has re portedly outgrown the road, and construc tion is necessary for safety reasons. For example, Boatwright mentions "school buses having to cross into the other lane to swing wide enough to negotiate narrow turns'off of the highway. Our main goal is safety. While we are trying to make the highway safer, however, drivers are being greatly impacted. We hope people understand that the travelers and the crews need to work together to make the construction sight a safe place for every one." The construction crew ran into a small obstacle when they found a 20" water line which had apparently been over-looked. Boatwright reported that "there was no per manent damage and the issue was mitigated with Deschutes County Water District." When asked if there are best times to travel through the construction, Boatwright re sponded chuckling "At night, or on the week end, when we aren't working. Please ac count for the delay in your traveling plans because chances are, you're going to be stopped for 20 or 30 minute fire hazards, others will make you sick, oth ers will kill you. Look for the items in the drawing. ..from A to W: Adhesivesglue, aerosols, antifreeze, bat teries, bleach, charcoal lighter fluid, clean ers, degreasers, disinfectants, drain cleaners, fertilizers, fingernail polish removers, gaso line and kerosene, medical wastes, expired medicines, Mothballs, oven cleaners, paint thinners and paint strippers, permanent wave solutions, pesticides, shoe and car polish, rat poison, rug cleaners, spot removers, wind shield wiper solutions, wood preservatives. So your tiny tots will be safe, put these hazardous up out of reach or locked up, for a safe and happy holiday. kept apart from dominant mature cows. If separation is impossible for your outfit, try feeding in as many places as is reasonable, allowing heifers every opportunity to con tinue growing. Keeping an eye on the weather is essential to manage nutritional needs of cattle. Severe cold is always a dilemma for the producer who wants his herd to outlast winter's grip. For cows, the critical winter temperature is around 30 degrees Fahrenheit. When tem peratures dip below that, there is an increase in the energy requirement for cows. For each one degree drop in Fahrenheit, there is ap proximately a 1 increase in the TDN or energy required. For example, at just above 30 degrees, no increase in TDN (no extra hay or grain) is necessary. At 20 degrees, a 10 increase in TDN (about 4 lbs. extra hay and 2 lbs. extra grain per cow) is required. At 10 degrees below zero, 40 more TDN is required, or 8 lbs. of hay and 4 or 5 lbs. more grain per cow are needed to retain the same amount of energy at 30 degrees. In other words, the colder it gets, the more feed you should put out. When w inter turns into a wet, damp spring, producers should continue to monitor cow condition. Thinner cows are more prone to the effects of this kind of weather. Especially when a thin cow's hair coat gets wet. The critical temperature then increases to around Natural Resource Notables- by Bodie Shaw Water Quality Issues and Livestock A clean, safe supply of water for homes, recreation, irrigation and wildlife is an im portant issue of Oregonians. Pollution of our streams may come from a number of sources which, when combined, add up to large prob lems. These "non-point" sources may carry small amounts of soil particles, bacteria, nutrients or pesticides into streams, decreas ing water quality. Many people own small acreages and raise a few livestock. The manure from these animals can provide organic matter to the soil and be a source of nitrogen, phospho rous, potassium and other nutrients which increase soil fertility. If not properly man aged, manure can contribute to pollution. Excess nutrients, disease-causing organisms, and organic matter from manure can con taminate surface and groundwater. Control grazing and keep livestock off pastures during the winter Because soils are wet and pasture growth is minimal during the winter, pastures will be overgrazed and physically torn up if live stock is left on it. Because of the land size limitations of small farms, a good approach is to keep livestock in a small winter holding area and collect the manure, these holding Memories mixed by Norma L. Simpson Today, I read a newsletter from Jo Anne Kock, Extension Agent from Wasco County. She wanted to have an "Old Fashioned" Christmas. She prompted me to remember things in my Christmases. Maybe you will recall pleasures and sorrows of the holidays. Sometimes father brought a tree from the woods after an elk or deer hunting trip. Aroma of pine or fir trees filled the garage and later the house until New Year's Day. Each of us still cherish a fragile tree ornament which we had placed on the tree years ago after the strings of pop corn and cranberries were draped with the tree lights. The ornaments must be at least 60 years old now. It was never the same when the glittery foil streamers displaced the pop corn and cranberries that we made. So we learned to carefully drop shiny foil icicles from the back to the front of the tree's limbs. When the complete foil tree was in fashion, the rotating light and red styrofoam ornaments or plastic bows replaced the fragil old orna ments. Ugh! Every year my father told us about his saddest Christmas when he was about 6 years old. His father died that year, and his mother baked bread for a living -1 0 sacks of flour, she baked bread for the sheepherders from 9 sacks and the one sack was her pay. Needless to say, gifts were nearly non-existent. But my father did get a pair of hand-me-down wool socks with a hole in the toe. His mother said, "they will be warmer when we glean the wool from the barbed wire fence to make yarn to patch the hole". When I think of our abundance today, and 50 degrees Fahrenheit. Weight losses right before calving season are bad news. Evaluation of hay to determine nutrient availability is a tool every producer should use to cut costs and produce higher beef yields. Quality of hays vary with each vari ety, cutting, and even bale. The time to use the poorer quality, weather damaged hay is during the early winter months. As cows approach calving, and after calving, the higher quality hays should be used. The cow's protein needs increase as she gets closer to calving. Don't winter open cows. Probably the most costly aspects of any cow outfit's wintering program is feeding cows who will not produce. Culling unproductivecows is sensible management. Why feed a cow who will not earn her keep? Other strategics that achieve good re sults are feeding supplements on alternate day s to cheapen labor and feed costs, chang ing feeding grounds often to avoid health problems in the herd, and keeping an eye on the flesh or condition of the cows to help them cycle and calve on schedule. It's difficult to cut the cost of winter feeding. Sensible use of available resources, matching feeds to nutrient needs, and watch ing the weather will trim the waste and boost profits, while keeping the cow herd producing at their highest potential. - areas will need to be built up into an "all-weather" surface, using wood chips of hog fuel, or gravel. Kecpi'li-un runoff from flowing through livestock facilities and manure storage piles Provide gutters and down spouts that move clean roof runoff away from buildings and storage areas. Create diversion ditches or earthen norms that move clean water away from livestock facilities. Overgrazed pastures are potential sources of surface runoff and groundwater contami nation, due to compacted soils and lack of filtering vegetation. Cross-fencing the pas ture into smaller paddocks and controlling livestock grazing and movement can help maintain a high quality pasture. Keep manure piles protected from rain and surface runoff Place the manure storage on high, well-drained ground away from surface wa ter sources. Cover all manure and soiled bedding and protect them from runoff. Make sure that liquids from the manure pile arc contained or are allowed to drain into vegeta tion areas that can filter the leachalc. Store manure in the winter and spread it on pastures when plants are growing Spread manure on pastures in the early with giving think of how many people still suffer with out the basic necessities, I look at the clothes that I hardly wear or have never worn that I can give away. Clean, nicely boxed and wrapped for Christmas, the gifts may bring joy to someone who needs a bit of tender loving care. This year the boxes might go to the Victims Assistance Shelter along with toys, puzzles, decorations and sugar plums. This week I dug out Mom's "Carrot Pud ding and Sauce" recipes. That was never my favorite Christmas dish, but everyone else loved it. Because I didn't like the pudding, Mom pampered me with mince meat pie -still my favorite. If the weather was dry, Mom whipped up one or two batches of divinity with walnuts. She was smart enough not to make candy when it rained. Sugar continued to absorb the moisture in the air, no matter how much she beat the divinity. When I was 15, Mom asked me what I wanted for Christmas. I surprised her by say ing a "World Atlas." It was the same year that I received my first "surprise" gift from my father, and Ukeleles were the rage. Even Mom was surprised. Fifteen years later, I surprised them both when I gave them a set of World Books. They were used to my set of World Books. When I moved from home, they missed my set. In 1996 when I came to Warm Springs, my old set was left in Papua New Guinea with a small rural school with out any books. My folks'set is still with me. Mom and Dad, thanks for the loving memo ries. MERRY CHRISTMAS, REMEM BERING, GIVING, SINGING AND PRAISING! Part 1 -Wood Ash can be What can you do with all the ash from burning wood in your fireplace or wood stove? Wood ash can be useful in home gardens, in your compost pile or as a pest repellent, explained Dan Sullivan, soil scien tist with the Oregon State University Exten sion Services. Wood ash has long been recognized as a valuable substance, Sullivan said. Many cen turies ago, ancient Roman scientists and scholars documented the value of returning ash to the land. In the 18th century, the benefits of ash derived potash, or potassium carbonate, be came widely recognized. North American trees were felled, burned and the ash ex ported to Great Britian as "potash fever" hit. In 1 790, the new ly-indepcndent United States of America's first patented process was a method for making fertilizer from wood ash (U.S. patent number I : "An improved method of making pot and pearl ash".) Cheaper sources of lime and potassium eventually killed the commercial market for wood ash. said Sullivan. For the home gardener, however, wood ash can he a vauluablc source ot lime, potas sium anJ tt ace elements. spring through early summer, when there is little chance of runoff and growing plants can readily use the nutrients. Stored manure is readily compostible. Composting kills most disease-causing organisms, reduces the manure pile size, and provides a more stable source of nitrogen. Sun MaterS 4sr Land Information for this article was extracted from Manure Management in Small Farm Livestock Operations, Protecting surface and groundwater, by D. Godwin and J.A. Moore. Extension publication number EM 8649. For a copy, contact Bodie Shaw at the Warm Springs Extension Office at 553-3238. Club members & leaders wanted Your friendly Natural ResourcesAgri culture Agent (Bodie, for those of you who don't know!) would like some parental assis tance in establishing an ACTIVE livestock 4-H program here at Warm Springs. Live stock can include horses, sheep, swine, cattle, dogs or pretty much whatever! If you know of any interested parents or youth for this program, please stop by the office or give me a call, 553-3238. Lighting candles Holidays are difficult times for grieving families. Today as I was writing the stories for Spilyay Tymoo, I received a newsletter from the chapter leader of 780 Portland chap ters of The Compassionate Friends, Patricia Former. A poem on the front page touched me very much. When the time comes for lighting festive candles Let them remind you, Not only of what you lost, But also of what you had. by Sasha, Bend, Oregon TCF On the back page was "Some Ideas for Creating Your Own Memorials" by the 1996 Portaland TCF Newsletter borrowed from the TCF Atlanta Newsletter, September 1 995, borrowed from the Pen-Parents, Fall 1 994. If you want a complete copy of the Portland Newsletter, you can call 553-3238 or come to the OSUWarm Springs Extcnson Office. These are a few of the ideas that I modified from on the list: Prepare a photograph album and have copies made for each member of the family. Take time to share memories with each other. If your loved one wrote stories or poems, have these printed or bound for family or friends. Decorate a church or school room with flowers for the holidays. Release a helium balloon tied with "love notes." Keep precious items in a decorated memory box, trunck or book created for this purpose. Include toys, bulletins, letters, blan kets, clothes, photoes, cares poems, journals. I would like to add one idea, make "luminariares" of paper sacks, half filled with wet sand to line the walkway or drive way to you house. Put a short, fat emergency candle in the sand. When it is dark, light the way to you home. It's a beautiful signal to your lost loved ones, that you think of them on this holy holiday. useful in yard "Since wood ash is derived from plant material, it contains most of the 1 3 essential nutrients the soil must supply for plant growth," said Sullivan. "When wood burns, nitrogen and sulfur are lost as gases, and calcium, potassium magnesium and trace clement compounds remain. The carbonates and oxides remaining after wood burning are valuable liming agents, raising pH, therby helping to neutralize acid soils." Where soils are acid and low in potas sium, wood ash is beneficial to most garden plants except acid-loving plants such as blue berries, rhododendrons and azaleas. Use wood ash on flower beds, lawns and shrubs. The fertilizer value of wood ash depends on the wood you burn. As a general rule, hardwoods such as oak weighs more pcrcord and yield more ash per pound of wood burned. Hardwood ash contains higher percentage or nutrients than ash from softwoods such as Douglas fir or pine. "Hardw oods produce approximately three times as much ash per courd and five times as many nutrients per cord as softw oods," said Sullivan. Continued in the next Spilyay !
