Image provided by: The Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs; Warm Springs, OR
About Spilyay tymoo. (Warm Springs, Or.) 1976-current | View Entire Issue (Oct. 9, 1987)
SpilyayTymoo Warm Springs, Oregon October 9, 1987 PAGE3 Early Childhood notes eligibility requirements Hospital gets new equipment The Office of Early Childhood Education announces the sponsor ihip of the Child Care Food Pro grams. The same meals are availa ble (o all enrolled children at no separate charge regardless of race, color, sex. age. handicap, or national origin and there is no discrimina tion in admissions policy, meal service, or the use of facilities. Any complaints of discrimination should be submitted in writing within 180 days of the incident to the Secre tary of Agriculture, Washington, DC. 20250. Eligibility for free and reduced price meal reimbursement is based on the following income Kales effec tive July I, 1987 to June 30, 1988. Meals and or snacks will be pro vided at the facilities listed below. Facility Names: Head Start (part day and full-day) Child Develop ment Center, and Tribal Preschool. Address of each facility: Warm Springs Community Center. ( Family day care sponsoring agen cies need only enter their office address). Name of contact person for Spon soring organization: Julie Mitchell. 553-1161. ext. 24 1242. Director Handicap Coor dinator. Office of Early Childhood Education. family Sizt Vzanly Monthly Wzzkly 1 7, ISO 596 13i 2 9, 620 102 US 3 12,090 1,001 233 4 14,S60 1,214 2t0 5 17,010 1,420 121 6 19,S00 1,62S 375 7 21,970 1,13 423 24,440 2,037 470 Foi each addi tional tamily member, add 2,470 206 4 Reduced Vzanly Monthly Uzzkly 10, 17S 141 196 13,690 1,141 264 17,20S 1,434 331 20,720 1,727 399 24,23S 2,020 467 27,7S0 2,313 534 31,26S 2,606 602 34,710 2,t99 669 3,S1S 2 93 61 Mountain View Hospital District recently took delivery of a new piece of equipment which will greatly improve the laboratory services available to Jefferson County resi dents. According to the hospitals Chief Laboratory Technologist. Bill Wicncrt. the COBAS MIRA ana lyzer will enable his staff to offer tests previously unavailable at the hospital. 1 he new (est which will soon be offered included Chemis try) screens and therapulic drug monitoring. Chcm screens are ordered by the physician in order to obtain a baseline reading of most human organ systems. I he raputic drug level tests are used to help the doctor establish and main tain correct dosages and medica tions. Prior to installing the new analyzer, samples for these tests had to be sent to laboratories in cither Bend or Portland, which contributed to delays in diagnosis. Other advantages cited by Wei ncrt are that the analyzer is much faster than the unit it replaced and that it can be used to randomly conduct specific tests on individual samples which should eliminate unncccessary testing. These benef its should help reduce some labora tory expenses at the Madras facility. Forestry student acquire knowledge, skills for job Larry Holliday has spent two summers working with the Warm Springs Natural Resources Depart ment. Much of what he learned in his vocational forestry class at Madras High School was utilized during his work experience. Now, Larry is studying to take an examination that would allow him to work with the Warm Springs forestry department in the applica tion of chemicals for gopher con trol. But his ultimate goal is to work in fisheries. The high school senior is enrolled . with 87 other students in forestry classes ranging from basic know ledge to application of techniques learned in the classroom. The students study a variety of subjects including tree identifica tion, first aid, forest tree identifica tion, forest management skills, map reading, air photo analysis, forest survey, soils, wildlife habitat needs and improvement and map making. More advanced classes are con cerned with using basic skills dur ing activities in timber cruising, riparian habitat improvement, con trolled burning and pre-commercial thinning. For Larry, the vocational for estry program at Madras High School is ideal. "It's closely related to fisheries," he says. What forest ers do around lakes and streams affects the fish that inhabit these areas. It's all closely interrelated. Advanced students are currently cruising a seven acre site that will eventually be thinned. The forestry class has a contract to do pre commercial thinning for which they will be paid. The State Department of Forestry monitors their work. The class also collects ponderosa pine cones which brings their for estry club $4.25 per 100. All money is used by the forestry club to pur chase equipment that the club wants. Students also pay their own expenses to forestry related activi ties. The most valuable part of the program, says instructor Bill Wysham, is that it offers an oppor tunity for students to learn about forestry. Upon completion of the program students are knowledge able enough in forestry terms, tech niques and applications to apply for entry positions in the forestry profession. The vocational forestry program also helps students increase their m rr T" J' C' 8 I It it 'vA A - v I , 3i a 1 f 4 4' SpUyy Tymoo pnoto by Shrwctyk Madras High School vocational forestry student Larry Holliday takes a compass reading during class skills in math, vocabulary, English, writing, speaking and report writ ing. The students sometimes end up doing trigonomentry, says Wysham, "but I don't tell them that's what it is." Most classes take the advanced students to Grizzley Butte where there are trees with which to work. A two-period class allows time for travel and work. Beyond class time, students en gage in forestry activities on week ends, Wysham explains. The an nual state forestry skills competi tion, fire school and forestry club work is scheduled for after-school or weekend hours. Two Madras High School stu dents currently hold state club posi tions in the Associated Oregon Forestry Clubs (AOFC). Andrew David holds the state presidency position while Marci Tish is vice president. Local club officers are president Aaron Rufner and vice president Larry Holliday. An advisory group is available to provide help when forestry stu dents or instructor are in need of it. The group, which consists of fore sters and fish and wildlife biologists, can be tapped for guest speakers and are often resourceful in providing supplies and equip ment for the students, says Wysham. Members of the advisory group include Bob Macy, Hank Palmer, Terry Luther, Bill Donaghu, Paul Brna, Gene Keene, Don Ratliff, Frank Russell and John Jackson. The vocational forestry program at Madras Hgih School is only one of five state-approved vocational education fields at the shcool. With these programs, students are able to get a head start on their career field or they can simply become exposed to a number of vocations. Knowledge acquired in other classes is practicably utilized: students gain in understanding as they put their knowledge to test. Jk ' I ' . Li j -i iVr J ..X- ) . n' lMt X J Sptfyty Tymm pMott ty Ln-Mktr Earning a living while they learn a trade Dominic Davis (left) and Maury Rhoan are two members of a team of local men who have been accepted as part of an apprentice program at Warm Springs. Within the last several years, the apprentice program on the reservation has become a reality. CRITFC hires enforcement head The Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission (CRITFC) has promoted John B. Johnson to head up its fisheries enforcement effort at Hood River, Oregon. Johnson, who became Captain in August, has been with the Commission's Fisheries Enforcement Department for four years, most recently as a Lieutenant. A native of Idaho, Johnson has been in law enforcement for 15 years. He was the Chief of Police for the City of Aberdeen. Idaho and an Idaho State Police Trooper. He is a certified police officer with the state of Oregon as well as a commissioned officer of CR I FTC's four tribes, the Nez Perce, Warm Springs, Umatilla and Yakima. Earlier this year, Johnson re ceived the highest award given to police officers in Oregon. The Board of Police Standards and Training honored him with an Executive Certificate in recognition of his experience, length of service, and successful completion of more than 500 hours of training and education. CRITFED enforces fishing reg ulations on the 140-mile stretch of the Columbia between Bonneville and McNary dams where the tribes commercial fishing zone is. Cap tain Johnson replaces Ed Fernando, who returned to fisheries enforce ment work with the Skagit System Cooperative in Puget Sound. J!L " '"'-:" r . Capt. John B. Johnson Forester expresses concerns for Tribe's natural resources To the People, Let's imagine you have a chance to ride in small aircraft over the Reserva tion. The sights are, of course, very beautiful at four thousand feet above the ground. Jefferson, snow capped, is the closest Cascade mountain. You see most of the Oregon Cascades; the Three Sisters, Hood, Adams, possibly St. Helens and Warm Springs's own Olallie. Looking directly below, you might expect traveling on highway 26. You see a patchwork, a mosiac, check erboard arrangement of openings many would consider a depressing view, clear cuts. To others, it is forestry at work, producing income for the Tribes. To some, it is an environmental concern. Trees of your forest are just a small percentage of a total ecosystem. The species man uses for economic good on the Reservation are only a few out of a total of nine hundred. The Warm Springs is capable of giving life to 200 to 300 species of animals, insects, plants and fungi on a single acre. Man, seeking a way for a better life concentrates his efforts on only twenty woody species, five game species, and ten to twenty species of plants for wild foods. These form only a small portion of the species inhabiting Warm Springs's ecosystem. And Reservation's need of these spe cies has definite effects on all living items within timber cutting units and the streams which run by them. To see these effects, both good and bad. one must take a closer look on the ground. Clearcuts (evenage management) are not necessarily a tragedy. Many com- ' mercial forest stand on the Reserva tion are composed of Douglas fir and tme firs. These are very old in age and tend to have disease problems includ ing mistletoe, fungi and insects. Selec tively removing the diseased trees in these stands does not lead to healthy regenerated stands as it can in pine forests for surrounding trees, which are left with unseen mistletoe and fungi, can infect younger trees and cause their decay. So Douglas Fir and noble fir need to be regenerate in a healthy evanage form as nature has done after past fires, which occur from time to time even in the high country. From a regeneration point of view, an efficient way for these species to come back is by clearcutting. These planted blocks in 10 to 20 years time will form a plantation and the biological harsh ness of the clearcut will be gone. However, in these blocks, monocul tures are established, sites lacking a multiple species composition. Plant and animal species which utilize old growth timber stands may not use these newly regenerated blocks. These species, include the northern flying squir rel, which is preyed upon by the spot ted owl, a bird used to indicate the quality of old growth habitat. At the same time, game species such as deer and elk may graze plants and grasses in young plantations and withdraw to uncut areas for cover. Forested areas next to new plantations can seed in a variety of both trees and plants into a single species plantation. Keening a variety of tree species in a forest is an added benefit in timber management. This occurs if forested! areas next to clear cuts remain uncut '' for ten years or longer. If plantations can have a cutting cycle of ISO years, an approximation of old growth con-, ditions occurs, increasing old growth habitat users. So clearcuts can have both decreasing and increasing effects on wildlife. Some wildlife is able to adapt to these new stands; the Pileated Woodpecker, for one. is now able to do so. , Wildlife specialists had been afraid that these woodpeakers. North Amer cia's largest, would not survive. Cull woody matenaL both standing and down, is still needed by this bird and many other animals. With a new forest being produced, leaving snags and down cull logs in clearcuts and stream zones is more necessary to create wildlife habitat, homes for wildlife if you will. Snags and cull logs are a basis for a food chain starting with fungi and insects utilized by fish, birds, squirrels, bears and many others. Wildlife see these stands very differ ently than we, for they have reached an optimum, diversified animals and plant ecosystem in old growth conditions. Though we may not see these condi tions maximizing large game, there are spotted owls, northern flying squirrels, goshawks, martens, trees voles and bald eagles. In fact, some 120 species require or prefer old growth habitat. So, as you can see, a forest is a com plex thing. However, forest manage ment can be very limited in its view in working with only commercial tree species. A true forest manager needs to take into consideration not only com mercial timber, but also wildlife, water resources, and other plant life if he wishes to sustain a balanced ecosys tem. Of course it depends on your point of view. If forest management's primary goal is economic profits, their tendency is to disregard what may be seen as noncommercial resources. A 'forest can come close to being a bal anced ecosystem and still be a com mercial forest by having a regulated cut. ' A sustained yield or regulated cut only removes as much as a forest can grow on a yearly basis. This is planned on the Reservation, but not until the accelerated cut has removed most of the old growth. This will occur on most old growth stands outside the condi tional use areas in 30 years. (Condi tional Use areas are stands of non commercial forest not used in calculation of the yearly cut J. These acres can be moved in and out ot the commercial base with the Tribal Council's approval. The purpose of this rapid removal is to save timber volume from being lost through decay. Old growth Douglas- fir, true firs, and hemlocks undergo a drastic change in solid-wood produc tion as they become older. Their declines are primarily caused by fungi, Indian paint, and armillaria root rots, to name a tew. 01 course, mistletoe and scores of insects also cause value loss. For the resin producing ponderosa pine, volume Continued on page 8 Forester joins Peace Corps Antigua, an island in the Car ribbean, projects the exotic imag ery of a vacation wonderland where tourists lie on the beach and run in - ' -- jM John Kellej the suit Although the Carribbean is well known for its tourism which is the main economy of the area it is also an area that sustains a third-world economy for many who live there. The small 1 70 square mile island (the Warm Springs reservation is 900 square miles) with 80,000 peo ple is the destination of former Warm Springs forester John Kcl ley who has recently accepted a 2 year position with the Peace Corp. An island whose wood resource has been depleted. Kelley will work towards restoration of that crop. Reforestation would improve the island in two ways, explains Kel ley. First, it would provide fire wood, w hich is used primarily for cooking by the island people. A fast growing legume which grows from 20-30 feet per year is being studied by Kelley. When cut at the base, he says, the tree will grow back quickly and it is adapted to the temperature of the region. Secondly, the water table would be improved with reforestation of the island. With the removal of trees the water table has declined to the extent that drinking water has . to be imported. With more trees the water table can be expected to rise, and eventually the island may become self-sufficient in its drink ing water. A Peace Corp forester preceeds Kelley. Hopefully, he'll arrive in time to be able to talk to his prede cessor. He understands a tree nursery has been started and he will con tinue work where it was left off. But he also has many ideas of his own he would like to introduce on the island. He is reading both about the country and about tropical forests in order to gain as much knowledge as possible before actu ally arriving at the island. Before heading to Antigua he will stop in Miami, Florida where he will receive cultural training and technical training in tropical fore stry and the resource needs of the country. Kelley will also receive more information about the Peace Corps. The Peace Corps, says Kelley, was started by former president John F. Kennedy in 1961 to pro mote peace and to familiarize North Americans with third world condi tions and to. basically, promote good will. For Kelley joining this organiza tion is a "life dream." He says. "It will be quite a change, but he is looking forward to being actively involved in a project like this and especially in working with the peo ple on Antigua.
