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About Spilyay tymoo. (Warm Springs, Or.) 1976-current | View Entire Issue (July 5, 1985)
{ S pilyay T ymoo July 5,1985 Howto keep your family safe on vacation gs | P re p aratio n is the key to a Successful vacation, w hether you lan to stay a t hom e or travel. Is Y our H om e Ready? I I' Stop m ail and ne wspaper deli v e rie s unless you arrange w ith a • reliable friend or relative to ^regularly collect them . A rrange /f o r som eone to keep your lawn mowed so it w on’t be obvious fy o u ’re n o t at home. A tim er th at turns lights on and off a t pre-set ^ tim es is a good idea. P u t valua- ||b le s in a safe deposit box or other safe place. Is your car ready? If Carefully check cooling sys tems, brakes, belts, and tires. ¿ D o it well ahead of your depar t u r e tim e so there’ll be tim e for B any needed repairs. D o n ’tleav e hom e w ithout!— ^ D riv e r’s license, duplicate car /k e y s , vehicle registration, hos- ' pital insurance care, medical * information card, auto insurance m o to r club card, and nam es S an d addresses of next of kin. 4 If y o u ’re pulling a trailer: A ^ ‘strong hitch and safety chains S are essential. Check the brake ¡^connections to the trailer and ksee th a t the trailer lights are all in good w orking order. Pull Monly th a t size trailer recom- gm ended for your car and hitch. r Be aw are of regional hazards: visit the library and do a little reading up on possible hazards of the area you plan to visit. F o r in sta n c e : R o c k y M o u n ta in Spotted Fever, which is tran s m itted by ticks, occurs prim ar ily in the Southw est, western M ontana, W yom ing, parts of Idaho and eastern California. H igh altitude sickness can strike in the m ountains. F o r healthy people, problem s usu ally occur at elevations above 7,000 feet; for people w ith heart or lung disease, at heights above 4,000 feet. D rinking m o u n tain stream w ater can give you a num ber of intestinal diseases. D o n ’t drink any surface water. D rinking w ater in M exican border tow ns can give you “tra velers diarrhea.” D rink bottled w ater or soft drinks. Know where you’re going: M ap your trip carefully so th a t w andering is by choice and not just because you’re lost. If you plan to drive in strange territory, consider taking along a tape recorder and a blank tape. I f you have to ask direc tions, get the recorder into action and put in instructions on tape. T hen play jt back as you p ro ceed on your way. Try this m ap trick: Fold the th an others. I t’s a good idea to m ap you’re following so that pay special attention to such the ap propriate section is show spots as the nose, eye contour, ing, then clip it to your car’s sun throat, chest, and the backs o f visor with clothes pins. I t ’ll be the hands, feet, and knees. easier to read this way (while you’re stopped, of course) with Rem em ber to reapply the sun no groping in the glove com screen preparation after every partm ent or trying to unfold it swim or shower, and every few while you’re driving. hours of exposure to replace D o n ’t run out of gas: If you’re w hat’s lost through evaporation headed for a rem ote area, try to or perspiration. arrive a t your destination with The m ost dangerous time of at least half a tan k of gas. Then the day to be in the sun is you’ll be prepared in case of a between 10 a.m. and' 2 p.m ., middle-of-fhe-night emergency wheri the heaviest concentration trip, which might be to a hospi untraviolet rays reach the earth. tal or emergency first-aid station. Tips for the stay-at-hom e va D o n ’t try to drive too far at cation: D o n ’t overdo it. D o n ’t o n e s tr e tc h . W h e n y o u ’re climb to o high, reach to o far, pooped, park it! lift m uch, o f try to do too m uch W hen in the water: D o n ’t in too short a time. over estim ate your swimming Use p ro tec tiv e eq u ip m en t ability and get too far from shore. when it’s called for. Gloves, D o n ’t swim w ithout a buddy if safety shoes and goggles can be th ere’s no- lifeguard on duty. ju st as im portant, at hom e as Sm all children playing in or they are on the job. near water require constant super Be sure you’re qualified to vision. handle a jo b . Sometimes more Beware of the sun: Some vaca k n o w h o w is re q u ire d — w ith tions are spoiled by sun b u rn plum bing or electricity, for in out. Keep this in mind and take stance—th an the average per the sun in small doses, son possesses. Use a sun tan oil, lotion, or Try to relax a little. Catch up cream th at contains a sun screen, on your sleep dr reading. Forget and rem em ber th a t some parts ■about the every-day pressures of the body are m ore sensitive "that disturb you. OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION Clay Penhollow Mollie Driscoll Baby food tips Warnings about heating com- mericial baby food in jars in the microwave oven have led to much confusion and unneces sary concern. F irst, there is no need to be concerned about the use of mic rowaves to heat any food. M |c- rowaves simply supply the energy which causes the molecules to vibrate, thereby causing the food to become warm. The energy generated remains in the food in the form of heat, not micro- waves. W arnings issued by commer cial baby food processors are related to the uneven fast heat ing o f baby foods by the micro waves th a t lead to crusting over and spattering, and hot spots. ingful exchanges can happen in Baby food products which cause bits as you plan and do things the most concern are plain meats together. and poultry, high meat dinners, In spite Of independence, many egg yolks and meat and poultry five’s show a spurt of extremely close attachm ent to mothers. But if they have an outburst of tem per, it’s most likely against her. Fives add an im portant new person to their lives—teacher. Teachers are different because they must help children get ready fo r form al school and are less Now that spring garden plant intim ate th an previous caregiv ings are up ahd growing, a shot ers. Fives usually like their tea of nitrogen fertilizer is just the cher, but they sometimes, “Tea- thing to keep the plants going nbber m akeF ffied 6 Strong. dr-Ft’s-an alm ost overwhelming A d d itio n al nitrogen should change for young children begin be spread along the vegetable ning to m ake it on their ow n to rows and watered into the soil. have to listen attentively, re This m ethod of fertlizing plants member, take turns, works inde is know as sidedressing. pendently, and control their im Am m onium nitrate, am m o pulses all at once. W hile it may nium sulfate and urea are good look like more playtiine, the sources of nitrogen fo r the gar- routines are preparations for den. A complete fertilizer such the big switch into first grade. as 10-10-10 com bination is also W hen you stop to think about a good source o f nitrogen for it; it’s pretty rough for a little the garden. five-year old to leave baby hab Blood meal is a good source its and supports behind. of nitrogen for organic garden five-year olds are not “babies” ft T he w orld changes dram ati- , cally for five-year olds. Five * m arks a giant step out of the . protective shelter of home, neigh- borhdocl and child care center. E ntering ‘real’ school brings trem endous changes in expe riences fo r Children and their view o f themselves. Suddenly, after being coddled and advised in sm allgroups, they m ust make it on th eir ow n in new places filled with many strangers. Five is a critical year for e x p e r im e n ta tio n w ith new friends and m aking independ ent decisions. 1 EVen though a child’s basic personality is som ew hat estab lished by age five, m ood and b eh av io r swings continue to m ark a child’s early develop ment. W e m ust be constantly re m inded th a t all children do not behave the sam e way a t certain ages because each child has his) her own developmental tinie table. Som e have been im pa tiently w aiting to get into bigger things such as kindergarten while others haven’t thought m uch about it yet. However, studies of general activities and interests qf five- year olds can help parents under stand and accept m any behav io r q u irk s, sp e cia lists n o te. These studies can prevent undue concern w hen life w ith a five- year old isn’t so rosy. Five has been called th e ‘sunny serene year’ because th a t’s the way it usually begins. D o n ’t be lulled into thinking . five has decided to m ake life easier for you. T heir acceptance of ‘my life’ and boastful pride in ‘my house,’ or ‘my m other or fath er’ women they are becoming. A lm ost independent, but not quite, five still need others to boost their self-confidence. I t’s crucial th at parents and family members prom ote the five-year o ld ’s beliefs th at they are good- looking and com petent boys and girls. I t’s especially hard for fives to keep up good feelings-about themse|yes if older siblings o r neighbor kids are allowed to em barass them , tease or make them feel young and small. Five is sometimes called the ‘hom ebody’phase of childhood, often turns into overdemanding because five-year olds show such explosiveness'by five and a half,- Som e go the opposite direc tio n reverting to hesitancy and dependence. The child who has been cheerfully responding with “Yes, I w ill,” now is ap t to say “No, I w on’t,” w ith a steely glare- and arm s folded in de fiance. By the age of five, children’s individualistic ways Of handling everyday activities and their per sonality and developm ent give glimpses of the kind of men o r ■deep satisfaction with themselves ahd their family. T ake advantage o f this satis fying time to w atch and listen to your five-year old. Exchange ideas on how you feel about things, the w orld and right and Wrong. You are now developing the trusting communication patterns th a t pay big dividends when tougher problem s come later. They will n o t listen to a long philosophical discussion, but mean 1 is also recom m ended as a result of OSU research findings. Because hom e canning re co m m en d a tio n s co n tin u e to change, it is crucial to have cur rent instructions. Check the date on the references you are using. The Ball Blue Book was last revised in 1984. L ook for a 1983 copyright on the latest Kerr Can ning and Freezing Book. Either discard or m ark “ D o N ot Use” on all older food preservation books. C urrent editions of OSU Extension publications on home canning are also available. “Can ning F ru its an d T o m a to es,” PN W 299, and “ Canning Ye-; getables,” PN W 172, can be picked up at the OSU E xten sion ¡Serviced An Investm ent in up-to-date canning references can cut food spoilage and pre vent food poisoning. sticks. These foods have a ten dency to form a dried layer on their surface that prevents steam escaping during heating. Dis turb the film and the steam erupts in a spatter of hot baby food. H eat baby foods on a low to medium setting and stir con stantly. Enjoy thè convenience of heating food in the micro- wave for round-the-clock infant feeding. H eating infant form ula in the m icrowave is safe, if certain precautions are followed. H eat only until warm, not boiling. Too often when heating for mula in the microwave, thé con tainer rem ains cool, but the contents are much hotter. Shake the bottle to redistribute the heat inside and always sprinkle a few drops on your wrist to test the heat before giving the bottle to the baby. Nitrogen helps gardens grow Check home canning process Feed your The first publication op home canning was issued by the U.S. D epartm ent of A griculture in 1909. W e’vé come a lung way since then, thanks to continuing research. When we use up-to-date home- canning recom m endations, we pan be confident th a t,o u r pro duct will be safé to eat. How ever, m any hom e canners are using old instructions with out dated methods. A good exam ple is Oven canning, which is no longer considered to be a safe canning m ethod. Likewise, old instructions for w ater b ath pro cessing low-acid foods (vegeta bles, meats, fish, and poultry) aré not safe. T o destroy the bac teria th a t cause botulism poi soning, these low -acid foods m ust be processed in a pressure canner. R ecent research has led to changes in U SD A canning re com m endations ju st w ithin the last year or two. F o r example, the recom m ended processing tim e for applesauce has beep lengthened to 20 m inutes, and recom m endations for canning strained squash and pum pkin were dropped due to safety con cerns. T om ato canning recom m en dations have undergone much change in recent years. U ntil researchers can determ ine ade quate processing times, the raw pack method is no longer recom mended. Processing times for the h o | paék m ethod have been lengthened to 35 m inutes fo t pints and 45 m inutes for quarts. The addition o f lem on juice o r citric acid to canned tom a toes is now recom m ended to insure th a t the acidity is ade quate for processing in a boiling w ater bath. F o r (the, sam e rea son, acidificatioii of canned figs D on’t let your lawn go hungry this summer. A June applica tion of nitrogen fertilizer will keep home lawns growing vigo rously th ro u g h t h e «sum m er months. M any fertilizer form ulations m anufactured specifically for grass are available for lawns. Weed and feed com binations will do extra duty by killing early sum m er weeds. Follow all jawn directions printed on the pack age for using these fertilizers. Ammonium sulfate and ammo nium nitrate are alternatives to special lawn fertilizers. When using these nitrogen sources, apply one pound of actual nit rogen per 1,000 square feet. Am m onium sulfate contains 21 percent nitrogen. A fiye pound box will cover 1,000 square feet of lawn. Care of frozen foods noted- Department of Agriculture show th at hom e cooks need some help in keeping foods safe. The simple fact is th at most of us do not do a good jo b of food handling. Two simple rules follow are: keep, hot foods hot and keep cold foods cold. Yet, m any cooks thaw fo o d sall day on the kitchen counter arid cool foods in a pot on the back of the Stove. All wrong. The whole idea behind keep ing foods either hot or cold is to prevent growth of bacteria. The danger zone is the tem perature range from 60 to 125 degrees F. Bacteria grow and riiultiply in this tem perature range. To keep foods hot means at 165 degrees F or hotter. Al though sbme bacteria are killed at 125 degrees F, mariy ju st stop multiplying at the tem perature. It is the presence of bacteria in large quantities which causes many of the food-related stom ach upsets today. A nother way to prevent bac teria growth is to keep cold foods cold. At tem peratures be When Cooking low 40 degrees F most bacteria Is the food you cook safe to do not grow. However, holding eat? Recent studies by the U.S. • frozen foods between 10 and 32 Poultry: If poultry has thawed, is still quite cold to the touch, it may be cooked and refrozen:’ A ny stuffed poultry should be discarded. Vegetables: Vegetables that still show ice crystals may be, refrozen but shpuld be used as soon as possible. If com pletely' thawed, you can refreeze some vegetables (plain ones, not those with sauces) if they have not been held a t room tem perature too long. Vegetables may also be. cooked and. refrozen separ ately or as ingredients in a cas serole or other dishes. Breads: Can be refrozen, how ever, the; freshness may be aft fected. Cakes: Can be refrozen, but this sometimes produces dry ness and affects the quality of- the icing- - Pies: Can be refrozen, with the exception of cream pies. Some weeping and breaking of the filling may occur, as well as loss of crust texture. A t a loss as how to handle frozens? I t’s , always gobd to bear in mind th at even if an item can be refrozen, it may be lack ing in some of its original qual ity. Here are some guidelines. Meats: D o notrefreeze if they have warm ed to room tem pera ture and have completely thawed. If com plete thaw ing has oc curred, red meats should be cooked immediately. It can then be refrozen. Partially thawed variety meats, sausages and ham burgers should be conked imme diately. Fruits: Com pletely thaw ed fruits should be used imm edi ately. Fruits may be frozen, but there may be a loss of quality. Prepared foods: (F o r exam ple, meats in cream sauces, fro zen dinners, cream pies and lef tovers). These are best discarded or cooked imm ediately if they have thawed completely. Juices: Any juice th at thaws should be reconstituted accord ing to package directions and used. Fish: If it has thawed com pletely, it is best consum ed on the spot or throw n out since it can spoil rapidly. I Pagè 5 degrees F does allow some bac teria to grow slowly. This is w h y , experts in food sanitation urge us to only store frozens in the home refrigerator freezer for a week or two. Large hom e freez ers, which store foods at 0 de grees F or colder, are ideal fo r sto rag e of fro zen foods fo r m onths at a time, ers who want to avoid synthetic fertilizers. Apply side dressing a t the fol lowing rates: am m onium sul fate, W f i^ a ff c u p per ren feet; am m onium nitrate, one-thi^d cup per ten feet; urea, one- fourth cup per ten feet. Blood meal is available with different percentages of nitro gen. Be sure to follow the label directioiis on the blood meal package. Be careful not to apply extra nitrogen to tom atoes. The to m ato plant will channel the nit- rogen into excessive vegetative growth at the expense of the newly developing tomatoes. Dress Safely Sometimes dressing for suc cess means dressing for safety. According to governmerit sta tistics, clothing is the cause of more th an 50 percent of the accidents th at occur each year in this country around farm m ach in ery an d o th e r heavy equipment. If you work around farm machinery, attentidn to clothing and hair style can reduce your chances of. accidental injury, says M ollie D riscoll, W arp f Springs Extension agent. Take a few moments each morning to assess w hat you wear. Those seconds could save your life. W h en w o rk in g a ro u n d machinery refrain from wearing floppy, flared or ragged pants, long, loose belts or scarves, un- bottoned or torn pockets, coarse- k n it sw eaters, loose sleeves, sandals, rings, bracelets and necklaces and long, free-flowing hair. Order carefully Mail order catalogs offer con sumers a conv en ien t. way to shop^ But Extension family eco nomics specialists warns shop pers to beware of possible pro blems. If you’re going to order frpm a mail order catalog, it’s real im portant to read the descrip tion carefully. Sometimes pic tures are a little deceiving. It’s hard to tell how big something really is from the picture. In many cases it will indicate th at it’s smaller than actually pic tured or it will indicate the size. And then think about the kind of iterii you’re buying. It may be much easier, for example, to pick a size ori som ething like a 4 blouse or a skirt th an it would a pair of shoes. O f course the other thing that’s sometimes hard to tell are colors—th at if they say it’s red or it’s green, that could m ean an y n u m b er of shades of red or green. The most im portant thing is to understand the com pany’s return policy, as well to keep careful records of when and what you order.
