Spilyay tymoo., July 02, 1982, Page 8, Image 8

SPILYAY TYMOO
JULY
2,
1982 PAGE 9
4-Hers enjoy week in Corvallis Extension
Notes
from Pennie Albrandt, Clint Jacks
and Doris Brackett
Your microwave...
And food preservation
Warm Springs 4-Hers recently traveled to Corvallis to attend 4-H Summer Week. A ll enjoyed their
week away from home. Clockwise from bottom lef are Tammy Smith, Tommy Keo, 4-H agent Doris
Brackett, Laurel LaMere and Stacey Leonard.
Four Warm Springs youth—
Tammy Smith, Tommy Keo,
Laurel LaMere, and Stacey
Leonard-along with 4-H agent,
Doris Brackett, jo :ned o,ver 700
others for 4 -H Summer week
June 14-19. 4-H Summer Week:
(form erly known as 4-H
Summer School) has been an
annual event at Oregon State
University ip Cqrvallis for the
past 65 years. Young people:
most of them 4-H members,
from all over the state of
Oregon participated in special
in te r e s t c la sse s, sp e c ia l
activities, and small group
discussion sessions.
Warm Springs delegates said
they enjoyed the week. “It was
fun,” was Stacey Leonard’s
reaction. Tommy Keo enjoyed
himself enough last year to
return for a second time this
year. Tammy Smith said she
would like to go again next
year.
Delegates and adult leaders
and instructors were housed in
O.S.U. residence halls. Two
college students counselors
were assigned to each floor to
assist delegates and serve as
advisors. Each dorm had two
adults supervisors who were
“mom” and “dad” to a hundred
or so young people for the
week.
This year’s classes included:
.Aerobic Dancing, Aviation,
[Gun S afety , H air C are;
P hotography, Poise, Self-
Defense, Skin Care, , Small
Engines, Drama, Living on
Your Own, Martial Arts, Red
Cross First Aid, Computers,
¡C lo w n in g , J o u r n a l i s m ,
jPupperty, Games and Puzzles,
and sewing and cooking
classes. A class called “4-H
Teams in Action” focused on
developing leadership skills;
class members were responsible
for planning a “Fun Night” for
If you think about it, families
are the basis our world is built
on. People make families,
families make communities,
com m unities make states,
states make countries and
countries make our world.
It only follows that the
e x p e rie n c e s le a rn e d by
members within a familÿ help
build the type of world we live
in. Each and everyone of us, no
matter how small and helpless
we feel, can help the chain
along in a positive direction
through good family communi­
cations and understanding
between family members.
This is a part of a continuing
series of article and thoughts on
b u ild in g p o sitiv e fam ily
m e m b e r u n d e r s ta n d in g ,
communications and inter­
action.
water and turning the oven in
high for a few minutes.
—Fruit and vegetables can be
cooked down quickly for
syrups, jellies or juices.
—There is no scorching when
cooking down fruits for jams
and jellies.
— Fruits and vegetables dry
we ll in a microwave. Dry foods
almost dry and finish drying
th e m c o m p le te ly in a
conventional oven. There must
be some moisture in foods
heated in a mocrowave for it to
operate correctly.
—Blanch small amounts, of
vegetables q u ickly in a
microwave oven.
D O N ’T d ry n u ts in a
microwave as they will blow
up.
DON’T try tomeltparoffin in
a microwave as there is no
moisture in paroffin andit
won’t heat so that it can melt.
Organic fertilizers for the home garden
Home gardeners who choose and the proportion of bedding,
not to use synthetic fertilizers such as straw, sawdust or
have a fairly wide variety of shavings that is mixed with it.
organic fertilizers available to
Only about 50 percent of the
them.
nutrients in m anure are
“They fall under two main released to plants during the
classifications; manures and first years. Manures differ in
commercial organic fertili­ how fast nutrients are made
zers,” says Ray McNeilan, available to plants. Generally,
O regon S ta te U niversity nutrients in poultry manure are
Extension home gardening more readily available than
agent.
nutrients in other types.
Manures also add valuable
O rganic fe rtiliz e rs are
composed of “once-living” organic material to the garden.
m a t e r i a l , e i t h e r p l a n t This helps make the soil more
(cottonseed meal and manures) friable and easy to prepare for
or animal (bloodmeal,, fish planting. Organic material also
emulsion), or of rock parent p ro v id e s fo o d fo r so il
m aterial (rock phosphate, organisms which helps make
This is part of a continuing greensand, etc.). Because the the nutrients available to plants
series of articles and tips on mineral nutrients are bound in as the soils warm up.
smart shopping, family budget various combinations with
The ta b lé gives some
planning, and ways to make remnants of living organisms, responsive values for the
money buy more for you.
or are tightly held in parent nutrient ' content of different
Handling a child’s anger is rock, soil m icroorganism s manures. It is easy to translate
often a hard experience for a often must extract, digest and the nutrient percentages into
parent. Most parents were not release the elements for plant usable pounds to apply to the
garden. For each 100 pounds
taught much about handling growth.
“Activity of soil life is' of these manures, 1 percent
an g er d u rin g th e ir own
childhood. Extension Human dependent on soil temperature, equals one pound of the
D e v e lo p m e n t S p e c ia lis t moisture and oxygen and will nutrient element.
For example, 100 pounds of
Marcelle Straatman says to take a certain amount of time
help children deal with their to supply the needs of plants,” steer manure contains one-half
to one and one-half pounds of
angry feelings. The first step is MeNeilan explains.
M anures, the value of nitrogen. Only about half of
to accept anger as a normal
manure as plant food depends that nitrogen will be available
emotion.
“Usually angry outbursts are on its age, the extent to which it to the plant during the first year
not signs of serious problems. has been exposed to weather
In fact, anger may be a defense
to avoid painful feelings such as
Nutrient Content of various
a sense of failure. The best way
manures
to respond to angry outbursts is
to find out what triggered it and Material
% nitrogen
% phosphorus
to accept the feeling. Parents
can help children handle anger.
It might be as simple as holding Poultry droppings
J to 4
3.5 to 5
the child show that you Poultry manure
1 to 1.5
1.5 to 2.5
understand. In dealing with an (with bleeding)
• O
£ tO » * / 7
.5 to 1.5
angry child, the parents action
Steer manure
1 to 1.5
1.5 to 2.5
would be to protect and teach,
Rabbit manure
.2 to .5
pot,td.puni§K” s..
■ 5 to .7
Horse manure .
Family Lifelines
LftJULftJ
the Intermediate (8th-9th)
delegates. The Journalism class
published a newspaper about 4-
H Summer Week that was
distributed to Summer Week
participants on Friday.
Canning foods using a
m icrow ave oven is not
recommended as the tempera­
ture inside the oven is not the
sam e th r o u g h o u t. A lso,
canning in a microwave oven is
not possible as scaled foods of
containers such as potatoes,
eggs, or jars with lids will blow
up when reaching a certain
temperature. Also metal rings
and lids inside an operating
microwave oven will damage
the oven.
There are some ways you can
use a microwave oven to make
regular boiling water both and
pressure canning easy and
faster. Try some of the
following the next time you are
preserving' your favorite foods:
—Syrup used in canning fruits
can be reheated quickly in a
microwave oven.
—Jars can be reheated quickly
by placing them in a bowl of
the manure is applied.
During the growing season,
many vegetables will require 2
to 3 pounds per 100 square feet
each of nitrogen, phosphorus
and potassium. To obtain a
balanced supply of nutrients,
more than one source of
fertilizer will be necessary.
Sources of'nitrogen include
blood meal, dried blood, dried
meat meal, and soybean and
cottonseed meal.
Phosphorus can be obtained
fro rock phosphate and
steamed or raw bone meal.
Potassium sources include
greensand, kelp meal and wood
ashes.
Whenever possible, obtain a
•eadily available fertilizer for
:he nitrogen supply, such as
iried blood or blood meal.
Specific amounts of fertilizer
that will be right to apply in all
situations cannot be given.
Start with about 250-300
pounds per 100 square feet of
poultry or rabbit manure.
Other kinds will require 500-
600 pounds or more per 1000
square feet. If plant color is
pale a n d g ro w th p o o r,
sidedress with one of the
nitrogen-containing materials
listed above.
% potassium
1.5 to 2
.5 to 1
1.5 to 2
1 to 1.3
.4 to ;7