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About Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980 | View Entire Issue (April 8, 1957)
Capital AJournal AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER I'lTABtlSHED IN ISSI Bernard Mainwaring (1897-1957) Editor and Publisher 1953-1957 E. A. Brown, Publisher Glenn Cushman, Managing Editor George Putnam.Editor Emeritus Publiiherl every evening (except Sunday by the Capital Journal Co., Mrl. Jennie I. Mainwaring Full leased Wire Service of The Aliocleled Prelt and The United Preia. The Allocated Preil ll exclutlvely entitled to the uie for publication of all newa diipatchet credited to it or olherwite credited in this paper and alio newa publiahed therein. ' SUBSCRIPTION RATES y Cerrlert Monthly, $1.25- Sla Monthi, $7.S0 One Year, $13.00. ly Mail In Oregon, Monthly, $1.00; Sir. Month 15.00) One Vear $9.00. ly Mall OuliirJa Oragom Monthly, $l.tt; Sl Mentha, $7J0 One Tear, SH OO Reds Warn Danes, Norse The Kremlin's bully boys are staging a "northern diplomatic offensive" aimed at its Scandinavian neighbors, particularly Norway and Denmark, members of the North At lantic Treaty Organization, warning them of possible obliteration if they allow their NATO bases to be used for western rockets in a new war. Evidently the possible use of America's new long range nuclear missiles has panicked Pre mier Nikolai Bulganin, who last week issued his warning on an ultimatum, intended also for Sweden and Finland, if they permit such weapons at their military bases. The defiant reaction to the, threat has caused Bulganin to ease up to some extent in a later broadcast by the Moscow radio pro testing friendship as follows: "Denmark and Norway are neighbors ot the USSR. We are on friendly terms with them and we want still closer friendship. That doesn't mean we urge Norway to withdraw at once from NATO nor that we call on the Scandinavian countries to break off friendly relations with the United States. . "But, being good neighbors, we feci we must call attention to the danger arising from the par ticipation of Denmark and Norway in NATO. This danger Is now even greater in view of Ibe plan to locate U.S. nuclear weapons on the terri tory of these countries. Since these weapons are intended for aggressive action against the USSR, there is every reason why we should take precau tions." All of these countries have been constantly picking up "woodsmen," "trappers," and "sail ors" on their border and elsewhere who proved to be Soviet spies, and the official an nouncement that the United States plans to arm Britain with misilcs capable of delivering nuclear warheads has lead Soviet leaders to fear that Norway and Denmark will be next to receive "ultimate weapons." Sweden Is known to be working quietly on its own mis siles and atomic program. Secretary of State Dulles recently told a Washington news conference that there is no reason why these missiles cannot be delivered to France and other NATO allies when avail able which they soon will be. Meanwhile Norway and Denmark are not frightened by the Soviet threat, the premiers of both countries assert, although they say Russian threats are backed up by a massive postwar buildup of Soviet forces, and rocket bases' in Western Russia, the former Baltic states, northern Poland and East Germany, with big missile bases on the island of Racgan in the Baltic, 50 miles from Sweden and the eastern Danish islands of Lolland, Falster and Mon. There are also strong Russian naval forces in the Baltic and Arctic waters. G. P. Coming of Civil Jets Progress and civilization may be measured by the means and the speed of transportation, , Is a time near at hand when railroad trains nd seagoing ships will be of secondary im portance? Is a time not much farther away when the rails that carry 70-car freight trains and the magnificent streamliners will be rip ped out and melted up for other uses? When the machinery that builds ocean liners will be junked because ships aren't being built anymore? Foolish questions? Not when you note all the implications of a recent speech by Stuart G. Tipton, president of the Air Trans port Association of America, before the Na tional Press Club at Washington on "The Im pact ot the Civil Jet." True, Mr. Tipton has nothing to say about the railroads and other ways of transporta tion, except that "traditionally, new methods of transportation havo wrought revolutions not; only In the way in which America docs business but in tho way In which America lives," and that "there Is no need hero to re hearse the past and continuing contributions of "such components of our national transpor tation system as the railroads, or tho highways and the vehicles which move upon them." He confines his remarks to the Impact of the civil jet upon the user, the country, and the airlines. Nevertheless the questions are there. Mr. Tipton wasn't speaking of the turbo props and propjets now In use, but bigger and faster strictly jet planes that are to go Into service in 1959 and 1960. Pure jets, they are called. American-Flag Industry, he said, is committed to buy 397 jet airliners, of which 213 will be pure jets. They will cost $2.6 billion. America will build most of them, but Great Britain a little over $100 million worth. All airlines of the world now have on order 722 jet airliners, of which 457 Will bo built in the United Stales. A typical jet airliner will weigh nearly 300,000 pounds against tho 1-15,800 pounds of the biggest aircraft in regular .service to day. It will have seating capacity up to 150 as compared with 95 for today's large tourist class plane. Tho jets will have nonstop ranges up to 5900 miles. Cruising speed will be about 550 miles an hour and flight alti tude around 40,000 feet. They will he smooth-moving and comfortable and noise muffled. Airline operators arc accustomed to quick changes to meet competition and progress. Three times since 1946, Mr. Tipton said, the airlines of the United States have undertaken equipment revolutions. "They are now pre paring to do it all over again," he added, "on a scale so much larger that it represents al most a new dimension." So the civil jet comes, and with it tho in evitable question: "Where do we go from here?" This too is a proper question, as yet unanswered, Speed, of course, is stressed in Mr. Tip ton's remarks. It brings another question, this time perhaps a foolish one: Why mcas uredistance from New York to Los Angeles, or jfrom North America to Europe In minutes Instead of miles? No need to go into the old fajbillar comparisons with covered wagons. windjammers and stagecoaches, all of which did very well in their time, or with railroads, or even prop-driven airplanes. It is enough to say that the way of life and the way of thought of a people conform to the age. A better question is: Why do the thinkers the scientists and the inventors who make prog ress never halt? Once a new age arrives the people have no choice but to conform. RAY TUCKER RAY TUCKER Humphrey, Solons Having Their Outs WASHINGTON Secretary George M. Humphrey has now joined President Eisen hower and Secretary Sinclair Weeks in con tributing to Congressional befuddlement over the Administration's budgetary attitude and strategy. The incident has provoked the first faint stir rings of criticism of the able and personable Cleveland in dustrialist. It was Humphrey who first aroused suspicion that the $71.8 billion bill was too big to suit him. He indicated that he thought Congress should try to reduce it below the Administration figure. Ike seemed to share these views, althourrh both men backtracked when the legislators took them seriously. They now maintain that it is a "tight budget" designed to finance programs demanded by "the people and Con gress." Secretary Weeks confirmed the Capitol Hill belief that the White House and Treas ury were "passing the buck." On television, he boasted that he could eliminate certain srevices "wished" on him by the legislators. In a private committee session, however, he insisted that he needed every penny he had requested. Reduced Coast Guard Funds The equivocal position taken by Eisenhow er and Weeks was understandable to the practical politicians in Congress. They real ize that no President can hope to understand every detail of a vast, sprawling budget. They recognize that the Secretary of Commerce is no financial wizard. They are not in Humph rey's class in this field. Iherefore, a request he made caused dismay anil bewilderment. When a House Appropriations Subcommit tee chopped $22,000,000 from Coast Guard funds, Humphrey raised no objection. In deed, he was complimented for his co-operative and forebearing spirit by Democratic and Republican members. Humphrey Surprises Subcommittee The Cabinet member, however, took an altogether different stand when he appeared before a Senate Appropriations Subcommittee, headed by Senator A. Willis Robertson of Virginia. Although agreeable to tlie Coast Guard cut, he utilized it to make an extremely unusual request. Ho asked the right to have a 5 per cent lee way in allocating his Treasury budget among various functions and agencies under his control. Ho did not want to be bound by Congressional pinpointing of his appro priations. Within the 5 per cent limitation, he wanted to be able to spend his money as he saw fit, not in accord with Congressional mandate. He apparently did not realize what heresy he had committed. For many years, the care less and indiscriminate use of appropriations by the Executive Departments has been a major grievance on Capitol Hill. The legis lators complain that it violates the Constitu tion, transforms them into mere money mes sengers, destroys budgetary validity and re sponsibility. It deprives them of any con trol over tho expenditure of funds which they appropriate. Finally, in their opinion, It leads to cha otic housekeeping, just as if a housewife used food money to buy trinkets and geegaws. Committee members expressed grave doubt that Humphrey would tolerate such slipshod methods in his M. A. llanna concern. Growing Criticism Moreover, Congressmen from coastal states Senator Robertson, for instance arc Coast Guard enthusiasts. Resides its shipwreck and antismuggling duties, this srevicc acts as a rescue squad, a fire department, a life saving unit, a protective organization and general neighborhood helper all up and down the Atlantic, Gulf and Pacific Coasts. So, when Humphrey indicated that he would economize chiefly on this unit, he an tagonized the Coast Guard bloc as well as tho advocates of budgetary responsibility and Congressional control of executive expendi tures. It is the surest sign yet of the grow ing spirit of skepticism and criticism on Capitol Hill, among Republicans as well as Democrats. For Quick Ri'iitliiif! Dining Car Flapjacks Hotcakes on dining car breakfast menus have been known to create problems in rail road public relations. Chefs usually aro Individualists when it comes to deciding tho size of flapjacks they serve, which means that the pancakes on one line may be the size of a saucer while those on another railroad may approximate the circumference of a silver dollar. On one occasion, a group of travelers asked the Interstate Commerce Commislson to standardize the size of dining car flapjacks, demanding that they conform to the exact measurements of those served by the White House. Jack Maguire in Railway Progress. JAMES MARLOW v5 If British Tell Plans for Missile War WASHINGTON lB No need to feci alone if you have the feeling you don't know where your re heading because science is mov mg so fast mo unding new ways to make war. The British, who have had plenty of their own scientists working on weapons, have just made the astonishing ad mission they're only now begin- jabikp maiil.(jw ning to see through the scientific fog around war in the future. Some recent events explain what's been happening and what. looms ahead. President Eisenhower at Ber muda promised British Prime Minister Macmillan this country would supply Britain with an in termediate ballistic missile, capa ble of carrying a nuclear warhead 1,500 miles, when it's ready. Ready Within Months When will it be ready? This past week Sen. Russell (D-Ga said perhaps within months. That could be a year. He's chairman of the Senate's Armed Services Committee, which had lust re ceived secret testimony from Air Force officials. This country Is also developing intercontinental ballistic missiles, able to go 5,000 miles, but they are further from completion than tho 1, 500-mile type. Russia Sounded Warnings Russia suddenly began warning Britain, West Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway and Greece to expect annihilation in case of war if they let the Unit ed States build atomic bases missile bases, no doubt in their territory. If this is the American govern ment's plan, the public here doesn't know of it yet. Russia may have been guessing, or have had inside information through es pionage, or have been expecting the worst. But last Thursday Britain star tled the world but hardly the leaders of her allies, who must have known what was coming by announcing she would now rely mainly on nuclear weapons and cut her traditional military estab lishment sharply. Rely on Nuclear Weapons It was in a white paper announc ing this that the British said: "It has been clear for some time that . . . scientific advances must fundamentally alter the whole basis of military planning. "But it is only now that the future picture is becoming suffi ciently clear to enable a compre hensive reshaping of policy to be undertaken with any degree of confidence." So the British planned on hav ing guided missiles and a reduced air force because they 11 rely more on ground-to-air missiles to slop attacking planes. They have atom bombs, hope soon to have hydrogen ones. Smnll, Mobile Army They will keep a small mobile army for emergency situations. Their greatest hope for discour aging a Russian attack will be their nuclear weapons and the nu clear power of the United States. There was concern expressed (hat this move by Britain might encourage other members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza tion to reduce their forces too. They probably will, also putting their main reliance on nuclear weapons. West Germany's Chan cellor Adenauer is already calling tor atomic weapons. It is not hard for Russia, ringed now by American bomber bases, to foresee the day when she will be ringed by missile bases. But meanwhile the Russians are de veloping their own missiles. Soon it will be a question: Who s scoring whom? It's possible Amer ican allies will bo scared by ,the closeness of Russian missiles and begin to lose interest in alliances which might invite Russia to start a war if they don't deter her. So while a new era of defense and attack is opening, a whole new era of problems begins for the United States. Spullery Candles St. Louis Globe-Democrat Perhaps like some of the intel ligent men who find their names on its roster, we have frequently been astonished at the gusty non sense proclaimed by Americans for Democratic Action, under the dedicated shibboleth of "liberal ism." The ADA drapes itself with the most liberal mantle in the Demo cratic or any other party. Some of its folk no doubt arc devout apostles. professional liberals whose Koran is the New Deal and whose prophet the shade of FDR. Mast of them, however, seem more thoracic than logical, with a genius for headlines that must be the envy of Madison avenue. Ah, well. France has its Pou- jadists. Political splinters enliven the scene and enrich Americana. The ADA is currently celebrating its tenth birthday, a tact wo note with some surprise. Like the neighbor s small extrovert, loud and bumptious, ADA seems to havo been around so much longer! TOO MUCH POWF.R It was 20 years ago that unions got to be powerful in Oregon and last their standing tnrougn ex cesses manoKCd by Dave Beck Now history is repeating itself and wo ook for the same result. ics luring with shoulders and fists is not popular In America. Sher man County Journal Three Guesses JUT WHAT are you TRYING TO PUT OVER ? mm fWmi S Approach of Easter Finds Congress With Only 12 Bills Passed, But They're Working HAL BOYLE Woman Race Driver 'Amaze' At Backseat Drivers in U. S. alT ' , R : By RAYMOND LAHR United Press Staff Correspondent WASHINGTON (UP) The ap proach of Easter annually gives the signal for stock-taking on the record of Congress since the start of the year. There is a widespread tendency each year to come up with the finding that Congress hasn't done much and the record this year would not indicate that 1957 is different. To this conclusion, however, the perennial and probably justified retort is that Congress at work in the winter is Congress at work in committee. The trickle of bills out of committees becomes a flood in late spring and early summer. Doctrine Gets Passage As of March 31 only 12 bills had become law. But scores of others have emerged from committee and many have been passed by one of the two houses. The most important act of Con gress during the first three months was passage of the resolu tion asserting the Eisenhower BEN MAXWELL History in The Making April 8, 1024 Victor Grimm, employe of the Wilson. Martin & Wilson Lumber Co., operating above Scotts Mills on Butte creek, had suffered a broken leg and fracture for the other when he leaped from run - away logging train that went zoom ing down a bill when brakes failed to hold. The engineer and fireman "en maxwell who rode her down escaped injury when the traia finally become derailed. e Mavor John B. Gicsy hod issued an order whereby the park com mission and the city attorney were to consider the purchase of a park site in the Englcwood district from Thomas 8. Kay. Alderman Ralph Thompson had commented: fca- lem is the second largest city in Oroeon and has the fewest parks lot any city its size." (Englewood park consisting ol 7.2 acres was acouired by deed fee. is. iszb. Salem now has 158.40 acres of park. Largest is Bush park with 86.7 acres, smallest is wnino parx at Union and Summer streets a 005 acre area upon which grows a 75 year old sequoia tree. This said to be the smallest pars in Oregon and one of the smaller in the nation'. Murray Wade had completed the cover drawing for a phamplet to be distributed by the Salem Cham her of Commcrco to tourist visitors during the summer of 1924. The cover depicted the Capitol banked bv two huge fir trees and roses, a design to emphasize the theme Where Summertime is Spring lime." Likewise appearing on the cover was the prize winning slog an, "Trait Em to Salem that after years of usage became a hackneyed cliche. City council had concluded that patience and kind words had ceased to be a virtue in dealing with H. C. Canada who. for the post 11 years, maintained an un sanitary and unsightly junk yard on North Capitol St. Action was taken to abate (he nuisance and remove a sore spot to Uie eyes of all passers-by. Doctrine for resisting Communist aggression in the Middle East, Other major bills passed were a 15-month extension of corporate income and excise tax rate3, new lending authority for the Small Business Administration, and more authority (or the govern ment to buy up mortgages and free more private funds for home financing. , Otherwise, the House has passed five of the regular appropriation bills, none of which is yet off the assembly line in the Senate. The Senate has passed a $1,500,000,000 public works bill and a massive rewrite of federal banking laws two bills which now await House action. No Great Volume At this point, the atmosphere in Congress indicates that a great volume of legislation is not to be expected this year. It can be eas ily argued, however, that the rec ord of a Congress cannot be meas ured in terms of the number of bills passed. If Congress mirrors public opin ion, the only effective public pres sure on legislation this year is aimed at cutbacks in government spending. This situation alone can put a brake on measures like President Eisenhower's school construction program calling for now outlays of moocy. Because the school segregation issue has become enmeshed in the school construction bill, pas sage of a civil rights bill has been viewed as necessary prelim inary to action on the school measure. Now school legislation must also survive the battle of the budget. NEW YORK Ifl Europe is a strange continent where men are still so ruggedly independent they won't stand for backseat driving. "A husband there would not let his wife tell him how to drive," said Gilbcrte Thirion, a pretty inroii from Brussels who at t 9Q is Eurnoe's " top feminine auto racing star. 'Hp is the boss io the car, as well as in the "I am amaze IMI" to see so many women behind the wheel in this country. The man sit beside her like a small babee. "In Europe if you see a man and a woman in the car, it is al- ,..( ltovc thn man who is at the wheel. He would not trust her to drive." Competes Against Men Miss Thirion, who has woo 20 of 60 races she has participated in during the last five years, came here for the international races at Sebring, Fla., last month. She and her co-driver. Mrs. Nadege Ferrier of. Switzerland, piloted a Renault Dauphine and finished first in their small car category. "I compete mostly against men," said the tawny-haired Belgian mademoiselle, who was named by her small nation as its top sports performer of 1956. Trimly built tshe is ooe meter 70 centimeters tall and weighs about 60 kilos), she showed the stamina last year to win in her division Italy's famed "Mille Migla" race by outpacing 600 com petitors through a 15-hour stretch at the wheel. Father Trained Her , She first learned to pilot an old Army jeep and was trained in racing technique by her father, Max, a veteran racer himself. In a good year she picks up about $7,500 in prize money. Her raciog costume consists of a tailored jacket, men's trousers and a white crash helmet." "My pants are blue," she added. A perfectionist, she sometimes spends three weeks or more pre paring for an open road race. Al though European racing is not ably dangerous (to spectators as well as drivers), she has been hurt ooly once. In-1953 she broke a wrist during a collision in Italy. Nerve-Wracking Traffic Gilbcrte said, however, that ordinary American traffic made her more nervous than driving in a real race. "It is very dangerous here," she said. "The speed limits are so low in this couotry that every body falls asleep at the wheels, listens to the radio or starts talk ing to a passenger. , , '" , "That is why you have so very many accidents. "I notice another thing. Here when you come to an intersection with the stop sign, you halt wheth er there is another car coming or not. Vou are well disciplined. May Give Up Racing "In Europe nobody would stop if he didn't see another car no matter what the sign said." In three weeks Gilbcrte expects to marry her fiance, a young French alpine climber. "He does not like too much the racing," she said, laughing. "He thinks it is too dangerous. But I tell him that I don't like it too much that he climbs the moun tain. One can be hurt verce, veree bad falling from an Alp. . "I think maybe I give up racing when 1 have children." RID OF SMELT Mild offense has been taken at our query as to what a man would do with 25 pounds of smelt. One suggestion was to give them to the neighbors which obviated cleaning, another was to smoke them. The first suggestion seems better designed to get rid of them entirely. Sherman County Journal i DR. WILLIAM BRADY Fresh Air, Exercise Need Not Be Halted in Winter SM,.:.W"""1 r j A reader would like to learn about the relationship of eating and the amount of exercise to the rate of metabol-; ism. During the summer the reader (Mr K. E.) spends at least 2 or 3 hours outdoors a. every day and - feels wonderful. In the winter" she is out only 10 or 15 minutes a day and feels . dull and heavy on. iirat when she overeats just a little. Why? What kind of physical ac tivity would I suggest for the winter? She has two small chil dren and finds it impossible to take a brisk walk: they are limited to a slow saunter. Brndy Symphony Offered In parentheses after the word metabolism Mrs. K. E. writes (Dirty Word?) When I was a boy on Chapel Street in Canandaigua we didn't have a dictionary either, that is, not a regular cightccn-poundcr. We had a ragged four-pounder I remember mother consulting it as she worked at a crossword puzzle. If Mrs. E.'s daily walk is limited to a saunter she may find some of the movements of the Last Brady Symphony suited to h e r metabolic requirements. For the symphony, ' send 35 cents and stamped, self-addressed envelope At the same time ask for instruc tions (or the Belly Breathing exer cise. Scandal of Neighborhood Mrs. E. says her two children are the scandal of the neighbor hood. Every other mother io the block thinks she Is heartless be cause her children wear only half as many clothes outdoors as theirs. But her children are rarely ill. One respiratory infection (Mrs. E's words) lasting perhaps a week is par (or the year, while their little (riends. all bundled up all the time, seem to be sniffling mast of the time. So far Mrs. E.'s chil dren have escaped epidemics of measles, mumps and chicken pox. Measles, mumps and chicken pox are respiratory infections, spread via cough, sneeze and con. versation spray, just as scarlet fever, diphtheria, whooping cough, epidemic meningitis and poliomy elitis are. A child exposed to any respiratory infection is as likely to catch it when he is wearing ex cessive clothing as he is when he is wearing just what he finds com fortable or even what the other mothers on the block would prob ably consider insufficient clothing Clothing No Control There's no evidence, clinical or scientific, that the clothing any one wears or leaves off has any thing to do with susceptibility to respiratory or other infection Mrs. E. concludes: "My feeling is that if a child doesn't know how many wraps he needs to keep warm, he's meotally defective and shouldn t be allowed out alone. Leonard Hill, English Physiolo gist and world authority on fresh air and ventilation says: "It is absurd to put on an over coat when going out for a walk. It is good to go out and be braced by feeling cold and so be impelled to take vigorous exercise." 5 WHY? Because size alone does not determine the pricel Delicate gradations in color - the existence or non-existence of various types of flaws or imperfection! - cutting ... all art important factors in selecting a diamond. No two gem are ever alikel Our Diamond Experts will show you, with scientific precision instruments, how one-differi from another. Divided Payments No Interest or Carrying Charges CERTIFIED GEMOIOGISI Of THE AMERICAN GEM SOCIETY TAXES. POISON Ever think how similar are 10-tn and 1080. one a lax form and one la deadly poison? Sherman I County Journal "We Were All So Astounded . . a te knew that reiterative art wal uch en Important pert of the fir neral lervlio. We all thought Howell-Edwards Funeral Home wit parted. We wtt teuletnl be lien that K tewlt) ke Went.' 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