Landing of Allied Occupation Forces in Japan to Begin Sunday
4 of Doolittle's
Tokyo Raiders
Freed at Peiping
Paratroopers Release
Prisoners But Are
Interned by Japs
Chungking, Aug. 21 U.
Four members of Lt. Gen. James
H. Doolitlle's Tokyo raiders
have been liberated by Ameri
can paratroopers dropped at
Peiping, It was revealed today,
but several other paratroop
rescue operations encountered
Japanese or Russian objections.
The Doolittle airmen were
among a group of 12 Americans
liberated in the Peiping area by
a group of paratroop volunteers
of the office of strategic ser
vices. Eight were Captured
', (Eight of the Doolittle raid
iers were captured by the Jap
anese in China and later Tokyo
reported that "some" of them
had been executed. Those cap
tured were reported as: 1st
Lis. William G. Farrow, Wash-
ington. D. C; Robert L. Hite,
Earth, Tex.: Robert J. Meder,
Lakewood, O.; Chase J. Niel
son, Hyrum, Utah and Dean E.
Hallmark, Dallas, Tex., and 2nd
Lt. George Barr, Madison, Wis.;
Sgt. Harold A. Spatz, Lebo,
Kans., and Cpl. Jacob Deshazer,
Madias, Ore. Rescue of four of
the Doolittle fliers would indi
cate that four or fewer of the
men were executed by the Jap
anese.)
A similar OSS team landed
at Mukden but advised their
headquarters that until the Jap
anese received permission from
the Russians, for the Americans
to land they probably would be
interned.
Prisoners Well Treated
Teams dropped at Shanghai
and Canton reported they prob
ably would be unable to take
any steps to liberate Americans
until the formal signing of the
Japanese surrender.
The Peiping group reported
that they were staying at the
Grand Hotel under "the cour
teous protection of imperial
Japanese army headquarters"
of north China. They said they
were getting every kind of co
"k operation from the Japanese.
fV' They foutta'12i:American.prl-
,'soners of war in the area, four
' at nearby Fengtai, seven in the
Peiping prison charged with an
attempt 'to escape, and one at
Tsian, also charged with an es
cape attempt. All were being
transferred to the Grand Hotel.
The team also located 317 in
ternees in 10 different places in
Peiping, all of whom were re
ported comfortably quartered.
(Concluded on Page 11, Column 5)
Lend-lease to
i Allies Ended
Washington, Aug. 21 W Ter
mination of lend-lease opera
tions was announced officially
i at the White House today.
( Press Secretary Charles G.
J Ross said letters have gone out
from the foreign economic ad
ministration to most of the gov
ernments that participated in
the program. The formal no
tices were transmitted through
the various missions here. Ross
said discontinuance of the pro
gram is effective as of the time
of receipt of the notification by
the missions.
The White House statement
said President Truman ordered
hat all outstanding lend-lease
contracts be cancelled "except
where allied governments are
willing to agree to take them
over or where it is in the in
terest of the United States to
complete them."
The statement estimated un
completed contracts for non
munitions and finished goods in
this country not yet transfer
red to lend-lease beneficiaries
total about $2,000,000,000. An
other $1,000,000,000 to $1,500,
000,000 is tied up in lend-lease
supplies in stockpiles abroad.
The United States has spent
about $39,000,000,000 in lend
lease operations.
Carrier Boys Aid
In Bean Harvest
If the carrier boy is late
with your Capital Journal
the reason is that he is
helping the community
meet the harvest emergen
cy in the bean fields. If the
subscriber can be patient
under the circumstances it
will be appreciated both by
the carri' r and the news
paper management. At the
latest, the boys will leave
the Capital Journal office
with their papers before 5
o'clock.
C apital jkt Jomunnial
57th Year, No. 197
Salem, Oregon, Tuesday, August 21, 1945
Russians Pose
As Liberators
Of Manchuria
London, Auk. 21 (U.R The
Soviet communique tonight
reported thai 52,000 more
Japanese prisoners have sur
rendered to advancing Sovicl
far eastern forces in Man
churia. London, Aug. 21 (U.R) A Sov
iet broadcast said today that
red armies had entered the "for
eign country" of Manchuria as
liberators, not conquerors a
broad hint that Russia has sub
scribed to the Cairo pledge to
return Manchuria to China. . . .
The broadcast came as three
Soviet armies completed the oc
cupation of Mukden, Harbin
and Changchun (Hsinking),
Manchuria's three most impor
tant cities, and began mopping
up scattered, disorganized units
of Japan's beaten Kwantung
army.
Japanese Surrendering
Japanese troops were surren
dering by the tens of thousands.
Radio Khabarovsk, voice of
the Soviet near eastern com
mand, was heard broadcasting
an order to Russian troops to
"respect the independence of the
foreign country" which they
were liberating from the "Jap
anese yoke."
"The local population must be
given the assurance that their
rights will not be infringed,"
Khabarovsk said. "Treat the in
dependence of their country
with respect."
Return to China
The broadcast suggested that
Russia, first at the Potsdam con
ference and again in conclud
ing a friendship treaty with Chi
na, had confirmed her willing
ness to return Manchuria to
China.
Chinese sovereignty over
Manchuria first was affirmed
.iiV'the Cairo declaraiton of 1943
by the late President Roosevelt,
former Prime Minister Church
ill and Generalissimo Chiang
Kai-Shek.
When Russia first entered the
far eastern war, there was some
speculation that she might have
territorial designs on Manchu
ria. After Kharbarovsk broadcast
reported that a heavy all-day
battle preceded the fall of Har
bin, northern Manchuria com
munications center, to the Sec
ond far eastern army after a
300-mile advance from the Sov
iet border.
There were no details yet of
the capture of the big indus
trial center of Mukden or the
fate of American war prisoners
in a camp there, Kharbarovsk
said.
Canceled Contracts
Worth $112,285,700
Portland, Ore., Aug. 21 lP)
Kaiser shipyard officials said to
day dollar value of maritime
contracts canceled at the three
Portland-Vancouver yards to
tals $112,285,700.
The officials said the pay
rolls at all yards have been
slashed to about 36,000, and
that men are quitting as rapidly
as others are being laid off.
Other yards 'reported men
leaving voluntarily, but not on
the scale as at the three war
built Kaiser yards.
Japanese Told
To Obey Orders
Of Conquerors
(By the AMtoclated Press!
The Japanese were told to
day by two of their most pow
erful dailies, their future poli
tical activity must follow a path
midway between past "power
politics" and contemptuous
"currying of favor" with the
allies.
The people also were told, for
the first time, the mikado had
sent surrender emissaries to
General MacArthur's headquar
ters in Manila. The disclosure
was made in an imperial an
nouncement of the return of Lt.
Gen. Takashiro Kawabe's party
to Tokyo. The announcements
invariably are made public.
Face Cold Facts
The Tokyo newspaper Main
ichi in an article entitled "Be
prepared to face cold facts," said
that Japan's affairs in the fu
ture will be ruled by the "one
sided voice" of the allies, and
that "even if Japan's wishes are
overruled, she cannot make a
single complaint."
The article explained that
"unconditional surrender means
the defeated nation accepts all
of the conqueror's terms."
"We must quietly realize the
tragedy that Japan has been
stripped bare and must begin
anew," Mainichi concluded.
Atomic Bomb Pictures
Mainichi carried on its front
page three pictures of the devas
tation caused by the second
atomic bomb at Nagasaki, im
portant southeastern Kyushu
naval staging base. Radio Tokyo
reported one showed "the cen
ter of the once thriving city has
been turned into a vast devasta
tion with nothing left except
rubble as far as the eyes could
see."
A second photograph depicted
"the tragic scene 10 miles away
from the center of the atomic
air attack where farm houses
are either crushed down or the
roofs torn asunder. The third
showed "the ghastly scene" at
Nagasaki with a horse crushed
beneath a wrecked building.
"Nagasaki is now a dead city,
all areas being literally razed
to the ground. Only a few
buildings are left, standing con
spicuously from the ashes," the
photographer was quoted as
saying.
Mainichi and the Nippon
Times were the two newspapers
which outlined for Japan its
political course.
"Since our endeavors to build
up a Japan based on sheer might
met with complete failure, we
must henceforth tread the path
of a peaceful nation," observed
Mainichi.
Auto Registration
Now Totals 408,406
Motor vehicle registration In
Oregon at end of July totaled
408,406, Secretary of State Ro
bert S. Farrell, Jr., disclosed to
day. That is an increase of 3400
over the number registered at
the same time last year. ,
Passenger cars represen'ed a
slight decrease with 323,383 last
year.
There were 1142 buses, 35,385
light trucks and 45,448 heavy
trucks. Registration fees totaled
$3,454,443.07 as compared with
$3,345,292.94 a year ago.
Captured Nazi Documents
Brand Quisling Arch Traitor
Oslo, Aug. 21 (U.R) The prosecutor in the treason trial of Vid
kum Quisling today introduced captured German documents
branding the Norwegian puppet as an arch-traitor who persuaded
the nazis to invade his country-
in 1940. Chief Prosecutor An
naes Schjoedt began the second
day of the trial by reading from
a mass it documents and sworn
statements obtained from such
top nazi war criminals as Her
mann Goering, Joachim Von
Ribbentrop and Alfred Rosen
berg. The highlight of the new evi
dence came with the reading of
extracts from a diary taken
from Rosenberg, in which the
notorious nazi Jew-baiter wrote
that Quisling offered German
bases in Norway and talked Hit
ler Into invading the country,
against the fuehrer's judgment.
Henrik Bergh, head defense
counsel, offered a half-hearted
objection to the diary, but yield
ed when the court pointed out it
would be impossible to have
Rosenberg now an allied cap
tive at Nuernberg testify per
sonally. Schjoedt followed with a doc
ument found by British police
in the German admiralty in
Berlin. The paper recorded a
conversation between Quisling
and German Grand Admiral
Erich Raeder on December 11,
1939, in which Quisling offered
his services to Germany.
Quisling was quoted as say
ing that Norway had made a
secret treaty with Britain guar
anteeing the latter a safe land
ing on Norwegian soil in the
event of war, and that he was
ready to pave the way for a
German invasion.
$ . 1 t JL xi 4 !.. (t,iU..--MM. ' '
Exact Units and Landing Plans
Not Announced But Include
All Branches of Armed Service
Jap Surrender Group Arrives at Nichols Field VP) This is a general view as members of Jap
16-man surrender delegation arrives at Nichols, Manila, and debarked from a C-54 transport plane
after flight from Ie Shima. (AP wirephoto from signal corps via radio from Manila.)
Housewives Urged to
Help Save Bean Crop
Appeals to stale and federal agencies to insure a sufficient
number of bean pickers to save 40 percent of the $l,750,-u0 bean
crop in the Salem area were coupled today with an urgent pica
for 250 housewives to enlist in the job of harvesting food vitally
needed for the armed forces and civilians. Telegrams to Secre-
Vtary of Agriculture Clinton P.
Anderson and General George
Finland Gets
Recognition
Washington, Aug. 21 (U.R) The
United States was ready to do
business again with Finland a
former axis satellite which has
established a democratic form
of government through. free
elections."
But the prospects of similiar
action in other eastern Euro
pean governments were "riot "'so':
good. The-problem5 "of postwar
elections in former occupied
nations and other axis satellites
is just beginning to plague this
country.
Secretary of State James F.
Byrnes announced last night
that the U. S. representatives in
Finland, Maxwell Hamilton,
has informed Finland of U. S.
willingness to restore diploma
tic relations. The United States,
after careful study, has con
cluded that the March, 1945,
elections in Finland were ''free
ly conducted and expressed
through secret ballot the demo
cratic wishes of the Finnish
people." :
UNRRA to Send
Italy, Austria Aid
London, Aug 21 W Dele
gates to the third UNRRA con
ference today approved the con
troversial U. S. backed vote
coming from Yugoslavia.
Russia previously had Indi
cated objections to helping Italy
and it was understood that the
change in the Soviet position was
due to a reported compromise
in which aid assured for the
Ukraine and White Russia.
Yugoslavia objected to treat
ing Italy on the same basis as
other liberated nations.
P)
U. S.
Pontiff Receives
11 Congressmen
Vatican City, Aug 21
Pope Pius told the 11
representatives in congress at
an audience today that he hoped
the post-war world would be
based on justice and charity.
Rep. Horan (R-Wash) was one
of the delegation.
The congressmen flew here
from Moscow, via Berlin. They
will tour Italy and the Balkans
10 days, checking on how Am
erican money is being used.
Queen Mary Brings
16,653 Troops Back
New York, Aug. 21 (U.PJ The
Queen Mary and three other
transports, carrying 16,653
troops, dock here today.
Many members of the 30th
division arrive aboard the Queen
Mary which carried 14,809 sol
diers who will go to Camp Kil
mer, N. J., for processing.
Other ships arriving were the
Hawaiian Skipper, with 1813
troops diverted from the Paci
fic; Occidental Victory, 29
troops, and the Sarah J. Hale,
with two aboard.
C. Marshall, army chief of staff,
were dispatched last night by
Governor Earl Snell calling for
immediate assistance in obtain
ing 1000 workers to meet the
critical emergency facing the
bean harvest.
"Bean growers in the Willam
ette valley stand to lose forty
per cent of this year's crop un
less additional harvest workers
can be immediately assured,"
the officials in Washington were
told, "cannerl- and, - growers
planned thisyeai!'s pack on the
basis of fifty per cent being con
tracted for purchase by the army
and remaining fifty per cent for
increased civilian demand. Com
placency of civilian population
makes it impossible to recruit
sufficient labor to harvest this
crop at a time when food is so
urgently needed."
Meanwhile the Salem Cham
ber of Commerce joined with
canners and growers in urging
housewives to go into the fields.
A "housewives special" pickup
at the Farm Labor office, 361
Chemekela, has been scheduled
for 8 a. m. to carry housefives
to the bean yards.
"Women who have sons re
turning from the fighting fronts
should keep faith with those
who have given their lives,"
asserted one war mother whose
boy Is not coming back.
Earnings in the bean fields
yesterday reached the highest
figure so far this season. One
16-year-old youth picked a to
tal of 728 pounds during' a ten
hour day to earn $18.20. Wom
en were averaging from $7.50
to $10, and children in family
groups were earning proportion
ate amounts.
Slow Down by Bus
Drivers Called Off
Portland, Aug. 21 M") Grey
hound buses were traveling at
normal speed today after some
drivers slowed down purposely
over the week end in protest to
enforcement of. the 35-mile
speed limit, a union official said.
The speed limit now has
been lifted.
The drivers, declaring they
could not maintain schedules at
the 35-mile rate, staged the
"slowdown" after the ODT and
and ICC threatened to penalize
them. Ted Beguin, union repre
sentative, said some drivers also
limited the number of "stand
ees" and refused to pick up
those waiting on the highway.
Wesley T. Egger, Greyhound
division superintendent, admit
ted a slowdown had occurred
but said the union gave no notice.
40 Hour Week
Rules Navy
Washington, Aug. 21 P.i All
civilian employes of the navy
outside of Washington will be
working a five-day, 40-hour
week by September 15.
Under order of Secretary of
Navy Forrest al, the shortened
work week also is being exten
ded to cover all workers on na
val ordnance, including those
in private industry. Civilian
workers employed in Washing
ton will continue to work 44
hours weekly.
The navy also announced yes
terday that its ordnance pro
curement will be cut about $1,
500,000,000 through termina
tion or partial cancellation of
1200 contracts and modification
of anpther 500. Some 500 con
tracts will be reviewed and ap
proximately 1600 will be con
tinued without change.
The navy said most of the
contracts were not scheduled for
completion for several months
acid the Immediate impact will
not be as severe as the dollar
volume might imply.
MacArthur Silent But Japan Announces Tokyo
Area and 5 Prefectures to be Occupied
First Troops to be Airborne
De Gaulle Due
Wednesday
Washington, Aug. 21 (U.R1
Gen. Charles De Gaulle arrives
here tomorrow for a conference
with President Truman at which
he is expected to press France's
claims for "Big Five" status and
ask American support of
France's demand for $60,000,
000,000 reparations from Ger
many and Italy.
De Gaulle and his foreign
minister, George Bidault, will
bring with them the official doc
ument by which France ratifies
the United Nations charter.
This delivery by hand of
France's approval of the San
Francisco charter was expected
in French circles to lend weight
to France's insistence on equal
status with the United States,
Britain, Russia and China in the
settlement of world affairs, in
cluding negotiations for the
capitulation of Japan.
De Gaulle also is expected to
explain France's delay in ac
ceptance of the Potsdam plan,
which the Big Three asked her
to approve and adhere to.
Manila, Aug. 21 P Landing of allied occupation forces In
Japan will begin Sunday around metropolitan Tokyo and in the
Chiba, Kanagawa, Yamanashl and Shizuoka prefectures, Japanese
imperial headquarters and the imperial government announced
today in a joint communique.
General MacArthur's headquarters continued silent as to occu
pation plans. Exact units and landing plans for ground forces
will not be announced until after the occupation. It was known,
however, that every branch of the American armed services
would be represented.
Virtually all ot the hundreds of transport planes throughout the
Pacific will be used to transport the first landing troops and Mac
Arthur and many of his key staff personnel to Japan. They will
be covered by every type of aircraft, possibly including the giant
B-29s. The communique broadcast by Domci news agency ap
pealed to the Japanese people f-
to "remain calm and continue
their business as usual." It
specified an area from which im
perial troops will be withdrawn
immediately "to avoid any strife
arising from this landing."
Earlier, the information min
istry had announced that the
first occupation troops would be
airborn, landing at Atsugi air
field, 20 miles southwest of
Tokyo. The airborne landings
will be followed on Tuesday,
August 28, with "further land
ings from warships and trans
ports in the Yokosuka area,"
the ministry said.
Police to Guard
The joint communique said
that in the area from which im
perial troops are withdrawn the
regular police will be augment
ed by the gendarmerie and two
divisions of navy police.
Withdrawal of Japanese arm
ed forces in the territory "with
in a line linking the east band
of the Kamo-Gawa river. Chiba
city, the estuary of the Tamag
awa river. Fuchu, Hachioji, Ot-
suki and the southern end of the
Izu peninsula" as "promptly as
possible" was ordered by the
imperial communique.
The communique added that
two allied fleets will enter
Sagami bay, which is the outer
waters off the Tokyo area, with
"one unit entering Tokyo bay
if conditions are favorable."
Actual time of the beginning
of the fleet movements was not
given in the somewhat vaguely
worded text but the communi
que specified that "on August
28, using warships and naval
transports, troops will be
landed in the vicinity of Atsugi
and Yokosuka."
The Japanese announcements
wore the first disclosures of
plans for Ihe triumphal entry
by allied forces which will lead
to the formal surrender to Gen.
MacArthur as supreme allied
commander.
MacArthur had announced
only that the occupation would
be carried out by the end of
the month.
Tokyo's disclosures followed
an imperial announcement that
the mikado's surrender envoys
had returned to Tokyo with ex
plicit Instructions of what the
Japanese must do to prepare for
occupation. The Imperial an
nouncement, which Is tradition
ally made public, was the first
word the Japanese people had
that their envoys had gone to
Manila at MacArthur's order.
Envoys Return to Tokyo
Japanese general headquar
ters radioed MacArthur that
both while-painted envoy planes
had returned to Tokyo, after
being delayed by air mishaps.
The text of the credentials
carried by Lt. Gen. Takashiro
Kawabe, head of the negotiators,
was released by MacArthur's
general headquarters today. It
IConrludfd on Page 11, Column 8)
Ultimatum
To Burma Japs
London, Aug. 21 W) Japan-
I cse troops continued to fight all
along the 300-mile Burma front
today as Admiral Lord Louis
Mountbattcn awaited a reply to
his radio message directing the
Japanese southeast Asia com
mander to send surrender en
voys to southeast Asia, directed
his broadcast order yesterday to
Field Marshal Count Julchl Ter
auchi, commander of the Japan
ese southern army, and advised
him that the Japanese envoys
should be empowered to arrange
for complete land, sea and air
surrender in the theater.
(The Japanese radio at Saigon
in a mossage to Mountbatten
recorded by the FCC said Ter
auchi's answer would be broad
cast at 9 p.m., eastern war time
today).
The order, broadcast by the.
New Delhi radio, was in accord
ance with the surrender pro
cedure outlined In Manila yes
terday by Gen. MacArthur, who
said "Responsibility for that
portion of the southwest Pacific
area which lies south of the
Philippines will be assumed by
British and Australian com
manders."
Mountballen's order did not
specifically define Tcrauchl's
command area, but presumably
it includes Burma, Indo-China,
Singapore, Thailand and the
Malay States.
The Japanese In Burma, who
have lost approximately 12,000
men in bloody fighting in re
cent weeks, are continuing the
struggle, apparently under the
pretext that they do not know
the war is over, said Rangoon
dispatches,
Six prisoners taken near
Nyaungbcbin were quoted as
saying they had not heard that
the allied surrender terms had
been acccpled In Tokyo. Four
survivors of a force which was
virtually wiped out In a desper
ate attempt to escape from a
Pegu hills trap said the same
thing, the Rangoon advices declared.
The Weather
(Released by the United States
Weather Bureau)
Forecast for Salem and vicin
ity: Clear tonight and Wednes
day except for a few low clouds
during the morning. Tempera
tures will be a few degrees cooler
Wednesday. Lowest tonight, 61.
Max. vesterday. 91. Mln. today,
47. Mean temperature yester
day. 68, which was 2 above nor
mal. Total 24-hour precipita
tion for the month, trace, which
Is .31 Inches below normal. Wil
lamette river height, -4 ft.
Jap Air Defense Measures
Including Blackout Lifted
San Francisco, Aug. 21 (u.R) Japanese air defense mesaures,
including the blackout, "light control and sound control will be
removed effective at midnight today," an imperial defense an
nouncement broadcast by radio"
government had authorized re
tooling of Japanese national
economy and governmental con
trols to fit the coming peace.
A finance ministry office
charged with formulating post
war finance plans began to func
tion today, the broadcast said.
Purposes are to: 1. Reorganize
government institutions, 2. For
mulate provisional measures for
control and disposal of army
and navy property, 3. Advise
on debts guaranteed hy govern
ment, 4. Revise policies of eco
nomic control, 5. Dispose of
special Japanese corporations
abroad, 6. Continue banking, 7.
Advise on monetary questions
pertaining to occupational army,
and 8. Settle reparation!.
Tokyo said loday. "As a result
of the decision national life will
be restored to normal as far as
air defense is concerned," Tokyo
said in a broadcast recorded by
United Press.
The broadcast praised "gal
lant activities of those engaged
in air defense works who de
fended the land against air
raids at the risk of their own
lives as well as the general pub
lic who also battled air raids
courageously."
Presumably lifting of the air
defense precautions was to pave
the way for esrly anticipated
landings by American airborne
troops on the soil of Japan.
Earlier Tokyo broadcasts re
corded by United Press said the
Jap Surrender
Envoys in China
Chungking, Aug. 21 (H Ja
panese envoys arrived at Chih
kiang In Hunan province today
to arrange with Chinese authori
ties details of Ihe surrender of
Japanese forces in China.
The envoys, who came by
plane, were headed by Gen. Ky
oshi, deputy chief ot staff to
Gen. Yasuji Okamura, the Ja
panese commander-in-chief.
Troops of Generalissimo Chi
ang Kai-Shek moved Into addi
tional territory in the Yellow
river seclnr of east central
China as the generalissimo put
up to Chinese communist leader
the responsibility for peaceful
settlement of China's pressing
internal problems.
The high command announced
In Chungking that troops of
Gen. Hu Chung-Nan and local
militia units had occupied five
more lowns in Honan province,
including Jungyang, on the
Lunghai railway 10 miles west
of C'hcnghsien. and Changko, on
the Pciping-Hankow railway 33
miles south of Chcnghsicn. Oth
ers restored to Chungking con
trol in this strategic zone south
of the big river were Kungchen,
Yuhsion and Mhsien. In the ad
joining province of Shansi north
of the river. Gen. Yen Hsls-Han
took over Juichcng, 1B0 miles
west of Chcnghsicn.
Chunshim Island, at the
month of the Min river below
Foochow, was reported to have
been occupied a week ago by
the command ot Gen. Ku Chu-Tung.