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About Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980 | View Entire Issue (July 21, 1945)
i 'Much Serious Business Done By Big Three Work of Conference Going Ahead American Delegation Reports Potsdam. July 21 i;pi The big three held their fifth meet ing today, the American dele gation announced, and "Much serious business has been done. The work of the conference Is going ahead. Since the first meeting on Tuesday the big three have met every day, in cluding today, and averaged al most three hours per meeting." Foreign secretaries of the United States, Soviet Russian and Britain have been meeting every day since Monday, put ting in long hours, and numer ous committees and subcom mittees also have been busy drafting reports for action by the big three. Confers with Land Both President Truman and Prime Minister Churchill were understood to be anxious to speed up deliberations. In the American compound. Truman conferred with Admiral Emory S. Land, chairman of the U. S. maritime commission here for discussions looking to the postwar utilization of America's merchant fleet. Lt. Gen. Lucius Clay, Gen. Eisenhower's deputy in Germany, had dinner with the president. Tomorrow Mr. Truman pre sumably will attend church ser vices as usual. The American delegation planned services in its area. There was a possibility the services would be conducted by Col. L. Curtis Tiernan, chief of chaplains of U. S. forces in the European theater. An old friend with whom Mr. Truman served in the 129th field artil lery in the last war. Col. Tier nan called on the president last night and they talked for sev eral hours. Hear Pianist Again The president's party was en tertained again by Sgt. Eugene List, pianist, and Pvt. Stuart Canin, violinist, both of New York City. They had played the previous night for all the big three. Prime Minister Churchill took time out from the deliberations and reviewed in Berlin's Tier garten the Seventh armored di vision, British occupation force which fought all the way from El Alemein. He said the "Desert Rats" 'march from Africa through Germany had been un- The president is eager to re turn to Washington soon, and is believed seeking to keep dis cussions down to a minimum. (Concluded on Pape 10, Column 4) Surrender Terms Drafted Washington, July 21 UPi The Army and Navy Journal said today that President Truman carried to the big three confer ence a draft of Japanese sur render terms as favored by the state, war and navy depart ments. These terms, the unofficial service publication said, call for the total loss to Japan of what remains of her fleet and air forces, as well as for other mil itary disarmament; the loss of territory outside the home isl ands; the destruction of her war industries; the complete control of her economy by the United Nations and the surrender of designated war criminals. The Journal said that interest in the Potsdam conference re solves around the question of whether Emperor Hirohito will be declared a war criminal and punished accordingly. When President Truman left for the conference the ques tion had not been decided, the publication said, and counsel here was divided. "Liberals and new dealers were demanding that he be ex ecuted," the Journal said, "others felt that the war lords rather than he were responsible for Pearl Harbor and that, any way, the status of the emperor did not involve our security and that the war would only be pro longed if we should fight to de stroy Japan's religious and poli tical systems." The Journal said rumors of Japanese peace feelers are prev alent but find no official support in Washington. The Weather (Released by the United States Weather Bureau) Forecast for Salem and vicin ity: Cloudv tonight and Sunday with scattered liaht rains. Min imum tonight will be near 55. Conditions will not be favorable for dusting Sunday morning. Max. yesterday, 85. Min. today, 5. Mean temperature yester day, 66. which was 1 below nor mal. Total 24-hour precipitation to 11:30 a.m. todav. .02. Total precipitation for the month. .11. which is .17 inches below normal. Willamette river height. -33 ft. G apital 57th Year, No. 172 JSEt Drizzling Rain Eases Peril From Forest Fires Raging Over 70 Square Mile Tillamook Area Portland, Ore., July 21 W1 A driizle of rain in northwest Oregon gave new hope today to the 2000 men fighting a losing battle against a 70-square mile forest fire. In the timber town of Glenwood, partly evacuated Thursday night when fire licked 1000 feet away, rain was falling so heavily that smouldering embers were extinguished. Loggers and soldiers worked : double time to trail the fire be fore a new hot spell comes. Rain was drizzling over most of the burning area, which ex tends from coastal mountains 20 miles from the Pacific to hills and lumber towns 50 miles northwest of here. But precipi tation expected by the wea ther bureau to continue until Tuesday was far too light to quench the blaze. Passes Wilson River On the eastern end of the fire, between the lumber towns of Glenwood and Timber, flames were advancing over .Roundtop mountain. The blaze passed beyond the Wilson river highway so hot this week that fire-fighting trucks were scorched and the route was reopened to public traffic. Spot fires continued breaking out in new sections, but were expected to be lessened by the rain. Fire fighters checked the blaze on one sector and started to mop their brows, only to find flaming embers blown in anoth er direction. The huge Wilson river blaze scurried across 10.000 more acres in 48 hours to blacken more than 46.000 acres. To the north, the Salmonberry fire crackled in half a dozen new sections under a heavy layer of smoke. Spot Fires Near Meet. Near the Tillamook-Washington county line, spot fires from both blazes threatened to meet, and fire crews redoubled their efforts. Forestry officials shook their heads at a weather bureau forecast of light showers to day and said the fire might be controlled if it rained buckets. Wo.kers at the lumber com munity of Glenwood, however, appeared a little more hopeful reporting spot fires extinguish ed promptly. A wind which changed its mind to one to two hour intervals kept soldier and civilian crews hard at work all day putting out blazes from falling embers, but the main wall of flame was temporarily checked about three miles from town. Dozen Families Remain. Only a dozen families remain ed in the hamlet and they were ready to pull out at a moment's notice. Refugees from the Glen wood area were strung out all the way to Forest Grove, living in cars, trailers, or tents set up in plowed fields. William Powell, medical tech nician for the National Hospi tal Association, said casualties among firefighters were light considering the size of the blaze. Most of the weary men being treated had burned or smoke- damaged eyes. Some had bad splinters from falls on logs hid den in the thick smoke. Meanwhile, what officials called the "biggest aerial attack ever made on a single forest fire" was stagged, in Eastern Idaho, where a 100-acre lightning-caused blaze burned steadi- ( Concluded on Page 10, Column 6) Congressmen Seek Retention Of Some Pacific Islands Washington, July 21 VP) President Truman's statement that the United States is 'not seeking "one piece of territory" prompte congressional demands today that this country retain complete rontrnl of strategic Pacific isl- ands. Senator George (D., Ga.), foreign relations committeeman, told a reporter he thinks there are areas taken from the Ja panese at a high cost in lives where United States control should not be hampered even with the technical restraints of a proposed international trust eeship system. George's declaration was echoed in part by some other senators. All expressed the opinion that Mr. Truman was not talking about the Pacific when he said at a flag raising in Berlin: "There is not one piece of ter ritory or one thing of a mone tary nature that we want out of this war." Nobody argued with the pres ident's further contention that the United States is not fight ing for conquest, although Sena tor Ellender (D., La.) said he Salem, S:eoL Onto Chinese Within Mile of Kweilin Chungking. July 21 (U.R) Cen tral News agency frontline cor respondents reported today that one column of a Chinese three prong drive against Kweilin has reached TachiaoLsun village, less than a mile west of the former great American airbase city. Other Chinese troops, storm ing up from the south, have cap tured Liangfeng. 13 miles be low Kweilin in central Kwang si province. The Chinese communique de clared that Japanese forces were battling furiously to hold their perimeter around Kweilin but that Chinese fighting units had repulsed all enemy counterat tacks from the outer defenses west, northwest, and northeast of the town. In Fukien nrovinre Chinese tronnc Viavo lannrhpH flankina I attacks against Japanese col umns in the area southwest of Amoy inflicting considerable casualties. Japanese troops apparently were continuing their withdraw al northward but grimly deter mined to hold Kweilin until the last possible moment, possibly for reasons of prestige. Many of their troops despair ing of slow overland travel, have taken to barges, sampans, and rafts on the rivers in the areas and eager Chinese marks men have found these easy tar gets. Pope Pius Not Anti-Russian Vatican City, July 21 OJ.R) A Vatican source said today that the Vatican is not pursuing an anti-Russian policy but only desires a minimum of religious liberty and permission for Ca tholic clergymen to communi cate freely with the Holy See. These quarters said it appear ed Russia was willing to agree to the religious liberty mini mum but is "lukewarm" on the subject of free commuincations with the pope. This, it was said, stems from a Russian belief that the Vatican is its political adversary. The Vatican source said this Russian belief was behind re cent attacks on the Vatican by the soviet press and radio. Other Vatican quarters, how ever, regarded the attacks as more in the nature of trial balloons designed to test out Vatican reaction. The Vatican is now carrying on intense diplomatic activity designed to dissipate soviet fears of the church's political inten tions. The Holy See will soon publish a statement disclaiming intentions of backing the re storation of old regimes such as that of the Hapsburgs of Aus- tria. thought Mr. Truman was being "too liberal." "I think we must retain the islands we have conquered in the Pacific, as well as some bases we have built in other parts of the world," Ellender said. "Moreover, I think that some of our allies should agree to make available to use some of the natural resources we have dissipated in the war, such as oil." Senator Austin (R., Vt.) said he didn't think the president in tended to "cut across the bow" of army and navy policy which calls for retention of Pacific areas this country needs for future defense purposes. Austin and George agreed that some of the non-strategic islands the Japanese held un der mandate from the last war well may go under the trustee ship system proposed as a part of the United Nations peace keeping organization. MOCd CAM m. -r-3 h Oregon, Saturday, July 21, Yanks From ETO Arrive In Philippines l.-P1 First American troops redeployed from the Euro pean theater disembark upon their arrival by transport at the Philippines. The men. mostly serv ice troops, saw service with the Fifth army in the Mediterranean area. (AP wirephoto from sig nal corps radiophoto from Manila.) War Criminals' Trials To Be Held in Nuernberg London. July 21 U.R The trials of European war criminals will be held in Nuernberg, the nazi shrine city where the German fascist party met each year to lay the foundation for war. it was revealed today. American, British and French delegations of the war crimes commission, which Senate Votes For Food Plan Washington, July 21 P The senate voted overwhelmingly to day for United States member ship in the food and agricultur al organization of the United Nations. Passage came on a voice vote. The action completed the Am erican program of international cooperation except for the Unit ed Nations charter. The charter is to come up next week with approval assured. Twenty-three other nations already have approved' the food organization which is to make studies of ways to improve world nutrition. The resolution for United States membership commits this country to contribute $625,000 to the organization's budget in its first year and up to $1,250, 000 annually thereafter. Sen. Revercomb (R. W.Va.) told the senate that if the United States goes into the United Na tions food organization it should be with the understanding that it surrenders none of its free doms. He was apprehensive, he told the senate, over a report from the 1943 Hot Springs. Va., international food conference suggesting that an international organization have power to rec ommend "migrations of peo ples." WLB Rules lor Closed Shop Washington, July 21 iP) De cision was awaited today on a union request for a closed shop in Florida, after two WLB de cisions upholding maintenance of union membership clauses de spite Florida's anti-closed shop amendment. The war labor board con firmed today that it had denied a second petition of interven tion by J. Tom Watson, Florida attorney general, and a compa ny appeal from an Atlanta re gional WLB 'decision ordering maintenance of membership in a contract between the AFL carpenters union and three Tam pa box manufacturers. The board had not announced this decision, but confirmed it when informed the Tampa un ion had made it public earlier this week. Frequently, board decisions are made known to the interested parties before be ing announced here. The board yesterday upheld its Atlanta regional board in ordering a voluntary mainte nance of union membership clause in the contract between three AFL unions and the St. Joe Paper company, of Port St. Joe, Fla. It denied a petition of in tervention by Watson. The board said Watson cited the constitutional amendment adopted by the people of Flor ida last November asserting the right of persons to work shall not be denied because of mem bership or non-membership in a labor union. Journal 1945 selected the site, left by plane today for Nuernberg to examine courtroom and other facilities for the trials. Decision to try the major Eu ropean war criminals in the picturesque German city where the nazis held their annual par ty congresses was a gesture of retribution. Further details of prepara tions for the trials were ex pected when the delegations re turn to London tomorrow. The absence of Russian dele gates from the party flying to Nuernberg caused surprise: The only explanation was that "cir cumstances had arisen unexpect edly which made it impossible" for the Russians to make the trip. The delegation's visit to Nuernberg prompted specula tion that the date for the first of the trials might be announced soon. One of the big-name nazi prisoners may be the first to face the court. There was some speculation that it might be Goering. Nazis Forced to Clean Sewers Frankfurt, July 21 (U.R) Twenty-six nazis got hot under their white collars today clean ing a 25-mile stretch of sewer. They got their new job as part of the Frankfurt military gov ernment plan to work over large known nazi elements which could constitute a real delayed action danger to Germany's postwar political and economic development. These workers reported to their regular office jobs at 8 a.m. By 8:05 they learned that they had been fired and assigned to clearing sewers. By noon they were probably the saddest nazis in Germany. Their backs ached, their hands were blistered, and their brows were sweaty. Military government officials described the group as con firmed party members and ar dent supporters of Hitler who are now prohibited from hold ing responsible positions in gov ernment, education, or indus try. However they are not im portant enough to be kept under arrest. Mine Sweeper Lost Off Borneo Washington, July 21 (Pi The motor mine sweeper YMS-84 has been lost in the Borneo area from enemy action, the navy announced today. Casualties included 10 enlist ed men wounded out of the ves sel's normal complement of 35 officers and men. The loss raised to 325 the total naval vessels lost from all causes since the start of the war. The vessel was under com mand of T.t. James V. Barton, whose wife, Mrs. Alice Barton, lives at Detroit, Mich. A native of Chicago, Lt. Bar ton had commanded the YMS- 84 since August 3, 1944. Price Five Cents 9o .J Subs Sink 11 More Jap Ships Washington, July 21 W United States submarines have sunk 11 more enemy vessels, including four small combat ships, in far eastern waters, the navy announced today. The combat ships included two minesweepers and two pa trol escort vessels. Non-combatant craft claimed in the latest toll included a large cargo transport, a me dium transport, three small mer chant vessels, a small freighter, and a medium freighter. The announcement raised to 1174 the total Japanese vessels of all types which have fallen prey to United States subma rines since the start of the war. The total included 144 com batant ships sunk and 1030 non combatant vessels sunk. House Goes On Vacation Washington, July 21 (Pi With a lot of work behind It and some tough jobs ahead, the house cleared up legislative odds and ends today in a rush to start its longest vacaiion since 1938. At the end of today's session, house members the few still in Washington will begin an 11-weeks holiday Chat will last until October 8 unless an emer gency arises to recall them sooner. They will leave Capitol Hill to the senators, who won't call it quits until some time next month after ratification of the United Nations charter drafted at San Francisco. Then the sen ate, too, will fold up until Oc tober 8. Most house members left Washington last week-end. leav ing to a faithful handful the Job of completing legislative action on the Brctton Woods monetary program and a corporation tax relief measure. Both skimmed through the house yesterday in record time. An estimated 100 house mem bers will spend their vacation traveling abroad on investiga tions. Some already have de parted for foreign shores; others are waiting for boats. Franco Re-organizes Spanish Cabinet with Monarchists Madrid, July 21 (IP) -General Franco administered the onth of office to his new cabinet today and the Falangist newspaper Arriba declared that the new government would conliiuin the "falangist ideal." The newspa - per's editorial said the long expected cabinet shakeup, which placed in office five men considered monarchist sympa thizers, was a "new step" In the life of Franco's party, the only one in Spain. One of the displaced cabinet members, Foreign Minister Jose Felix Lequerica, may succeed Juan Francisco Cardenas as am bassador to Washington, but there was no confirmation. Lequerica and Eduardo Au nos, minister of Justice, who also was replaced, were known to be on terms with the falange which at the least were not friendly. The cabinet shake-up. reveal ed last night, displaced Falange Secretary-General Jose Luis New Multiple Air Attacks on Japs from Honshu to Indo-China By Hundreds of Planes in Progress Sers and Fighters Smash Industrial and ,.j.ovVory Targets, Paste Formosa and Shanghai ft0. Vf'9 News Blackout on Fleet Operations , nese empire from Honshu to Indo-China by hundreds of tactical planes were disclosed by American headquarters today as tha Tokyo radio complained that the blows were becoming "com plicated." Settling down to day-after-day attacks, bombers and fighter concentrated on industrial and military targets on the two main rnemv Islands ot Honshu ana Ivyusiiii. gave rormosa us nauy pasting, and slammed the vital Shanghai shipping and aviation center in east China for the second straight day. Two groups of O-M Mustangs hit the central industrial area of Honshu between Osaka and Nagoya yesterday. The first, based on Iwo Jima. roared in 80 strong, and the targets they left among the smaller towns of this crowded industrial area were soon under the guns of 94 more Mustangs in a second wave that shot up boats, airfields and factories. These N attacks followed the record 800- plus Superforts which had blast ed the same general area before dawn yesterday. Five Japanese airfields around Shanghai were worked over on Wednesday by Far Fast air forces Liberator heavies. Mitchell mediums and A-2t at tack bombers escorted by fight ers a total more than 200. They met no aerial opposi tion, and dropped bombs which started two big fires along the important docks lining the Whangpoo river. Gen. Douglas MacArthur reported in a com munique from Manila. This was the second straight day the Shanghai area had come under the sights of Seventh air force planes, and pilots began to refer to it as "the milk run from Okinawa." Kyushu Cut-Off On Kyushu, the port of Ka goshima remained virtually cut off because of railway tunnels blocked the day before Fifth air force Mustangs bombed and strafed the piled-up locomotives and boxcars as the Japanese struggled to clear the approach es to the city. Rayon mills and waterfront installations were hit in suburban Kushikino and Miyakonojo. Thirty-five Thun derbolts roved southward to the little mineral island of Iwo and attacked sulphur mines, phos phate works and roads. Iwo is in the Osumi islands. Liberators hit the giant Miho airdrome on southern Honshu and swept over Tomltaka air strips on the cast central coast of Kyushu. Twenty of the big B-24's struck Formosa, setting the Mat suyama airfield on fire and de stroying two grounded planes and railway rolling stock and storage dumps on Wednesday. Indo-Chlna Raided Seventh fleet Liberators rang ed over Hainan island and pa trolled the Indo-Chinese const line, wrecking locomotives- and rolling stock and hitting a small freighter off Nha Trang. Lib erators of the Fifth air force bombed a factory area at Can ton, China, setting a number of fires. The Tokyo radio acknowledg ed that the psychological ef fects of American bombings on the Japanese home front were "surprisingly strong" and com plained that the attacks were "so complicated thai they can not be anticipated from experi ence or the common sense gained so far." The speaker snld a single B-29 raided Tokyo yesterday and cited it as an example of "sneak tnclics" aimed at creating con fusion. Army Blamed by Navy Washington, July 21 itfl -The navy and the office of defense transportation have protested that the army stepped up the re turn of troops from Kurope with out advance notice with conse quent swamping ot trasporta tion facilities. - Arrese through the elimination of his cabinet post, minister without portfolio. Franco named Alberto Mar tin Artajo. Catholic law lender, minister of foreign affairs. A cabinet reorganization had been expected since the time of the United Nations Snn Fran cisco conference declaration that no government organized with axis help could become a member of any United Nations group. Franco has asserted, however, that this declaration did not affect Spain. In Mexico City, Dr. Juan Ne grin, last premier of the Span ish republic, announced that he considered the time ripe for a union of republican factions to "restore legality to Spain if possible, without violence.'1 .t B-29 Raids Aid Jap War Effort (Br liw A-i-wuiM Prm It's the queerest thing, the way these Superforts are giv ing a boost to the Japanese war effort. The last anyone hoard, the Japanese needed more room in their commodious cities, and tha Superforts provided some. Now, by current Japanese ac counts recorded by the federal communications c o m mission, the honorable enemy was on the verge of running out of scrap iron. And at this crucial moment, said the Tokyo newspaper Asahi. why along came the Su perforts and did the Japanesa the following favor: "At the beginning of this war, scrap Iron was not Importable, so it was gathered from among the common people. "Recently, however, due to the fact that our technical skill has progressed and to the fact that the amount of scrap Iron has Increased considerably In the war-damaged areas, we have been able to get all the scrap Iron we want and need." Now If any Japanese Junk dealers run shy on metal. Just send word to the B-2!s and a cargo of scrap fresh from the finest war plant a yen can buy will be delivered smack on his doorstep. Aussies Near Koetai Delta Manila, July 21 U Austra lian troops pressed Japanesa forces back along the Sama rinria pipeline, on Borneo's southeast coast, today fighting toward the rich oil prize of the Koetai delta. The Koetai delta area around the mouth of the Mahakam river and the oilfields around Sambodjn to the south before the war produced over 7,000,000 barrels a year. Japanese units showed a sur prising reluctance to fight, per haps husbanding their strength for an nll-out blow. In the Brunei bay area, south east of Beaufort, Australian troops easily smothered a Ja panese counter-attnek of less thnn company strength. Gen. Douglns MacArthur's communique snld that Okinawa-based bombers and fighters struck Shanghai for the second successive day, hitting five air fields as well as dock areas and shipping. They destroyed or damaged nine grounded planes. Along the lndo-Chlnn const other planes strafed locomotives and boxcars, and shot-up a small coastwise freighter. Neutralization of enemy fa cilities in the East Indies con tinued. Increase in Oregon Assessment Values Assessed values of Oregon property stepped up from $lH5,ni2.135.6B in 1044 to $104, 2(111,100.87 In 1015, slnle lax commission figures relenscd to day revenl. Coos and Gilliam counties' valuations increased by more limn ono nnd one-hnlf million dollars each, although actual cash values were lipped only approximately $100,000 in ench counly. Multnomah county's nssessed vnlues rose from 58 to 00 mil lions, while actual values went up by more than three millions. DeCiaullc Escape Injury Brest, July 21 Wl Gen. Da Gaulle escaped Injury today when a platform from which ha had spoken collapsed just after he had departed. Several cabi net ministers were spilled into the street but suffered no injury.
