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About Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 25, 1942)
5 rail 54th Yed, No. 202 5ST, MM MOODd OlUt Salem, Oregon Tuecrlriv Price Five Cents at Salem. Oregon a -K'fY -Mir Battle Raging in Solomons iTlTli gas '. . tz-tttz i ffl HI Wn m Tuoclnv Anniicf 7S la'1 ii i n ii flii ttii ,i ii in treat Sa 0 leap arid Hop Growers Call For More Help Hundreds of Pickers (t Needed to Harvest Crops High Wages Made While the response to appeals for bean and hop pickers has been "good," there is still room for hundreds of persons in the central Willamette valley dis trict, W. H. Baillie, manager of the local U, S. employment serv ice reported today, Between 22 and 24 bus loads of harvesters left the city early this morning while hundreds of others went to the fields in private convey ances. One large hop yard in the In dependence section Has put its large stationary picking machine in operation, with a crew al most exclusively of women. Hop yards are still confronted with a shortage of field hands largely brought about by larger wages being paid in other lines of en deavor. Platoon System The platoon system of picking beans is working out. well, it was stated at the employment office, with rivalry between the various groups resulting in , quantities of beans being brought into the processing plants. ' The platoon directed by Flor ence Kron not only has turned out the' greatest poundage but one member of the crew has established a record which is expected to remain intact "for the duration." Kenneth Free, a 15-year-old youth, picked more than 400 pounds each day for a three day period. He picked 411 pounds the first day, 404 the second and 414 the third.. His total earnings for the three days were $24.58. Records of Girls Kay Anderson, 10-year-old girl, the youngest in the Kron platoon, picked 229 pounds in two days. Other three day to tals for the Kron platoon in elude: Richard Gatke, 1012; Bet ty Lou Edwards, 729; Virginia Huston, 760; Wayne Houser, 882. The platoon under the lead ership of Gladys Humphreys has done exceptional work, some of the totals being: Bob Jones, 853; Charlotte Mathis, 790; LaVonne Mathis, 706; Carol Miller, 632. Warren Wong, 12-year-old Chi nese lard, harvested 624 pounds in three days. None of these mentioned in the two platoons is ove'r 15 years of age. They are transported by bus to and from the bean yards and average between eight and nine hours daily in actual picking. Peruvian Cities Devastated by Quake . Lima, Peru, Aug. 25 (IP) A series of earth tremors killed at least 11 persons in southern Peru last night, caused great damage in the town of Nazca and sent ( ) thousands of Lima residents pouring into the streets, fearful of a repetition of the disastrous 1940 earthquake, incomplete ad vices from the stricken areas said today. . Police at Nazca, a town of 10,000 persons, said that at least one-third of the buildings there, including the police station and the principal church, collapsed. Soldiers Irked by Cigarette Price At a United States Army Camp in the Egyptian Desert, Aug. 25 (IP) Sand flies, desert sores, the high price of beer- these are only routine complaints of the United States troops here f What has them burned up more than the desert sun is the cigarette situation. Their reason: They have to pay 22 cents a pack for cigar ettes marked "compliments of 'smokes for Yanks.' " Repatriated Americans Land At Jersey City Ambassador Grew, Dip lomats, Newsmen and Others Arrive from East Jersey City, N. J., Aug. 25 (IP) With a fervid expression of happiness to be once again upon the soil of his "beloved country," veteran ambassador to Tokyo Joseph.C. Grew stepped ashore from he diplomatic exchange liner Gripsholm today at the head of a procession of 1,451 Americans repatriated from Ja pan and the Orient. The tall, impeccable diplomat, whose bushy gray eyebrows and gray hair matched his gray suit, fingered his glasses nervously as he told reporters in a prepared statement how he had awaited the moment of his return to America with "inexpressible an ticipation." Happy to be Back For the various diplomats and consular officials whose senior he is, the 62-year-old Grew said all were happy to return and expected to use their "maximum efforts in winning the war." The Gripsholm, which arrived at her pier at 9 a. m. brought the first Americans from the Orient since the war began. Grew, who had been ambas sador to Tokyo since 1932, was besieged, by. newsmen as he step- pea irom a limousine wnicn brought him from the ship's gangplank to the dock entrance. He left the ship a little less than two hours after the vessel docked. Mrs. Grew had disembarked from the exchange ship earlier this month at Rio de Janeiro Brazil, where her daughter is a resident. AH Are Quizzed . After he left the ship, the long process of disembarking the oth er passengers began, all of whom were to be subjected to close questioning in line with Attor ney General Francis Biddle's declaration that the government would be extremely careful not to permit any enemy spies to reach this country. The process of examining the returning nationals was expect ed to require possibly several days. Grew said that only when his compatriots still in the territory he had left had returned to their homeland would "our cup of happiness be full." To Help Win War "I can add only this," he said, "we have come home to contrib ute our maximum efforts to the winning of the war, in whatever way we may find or to carry out whatever part we may be called upon to, take. "We shall win through, with our national spirit and determ ination without any shadow of (Concluded on Page 14, Column 5) Jap Internees Suffer . F(rom Lack of Food , By Vaughn Meisling Aboard S. S. Gripsholm, Aug. 25 (IP) Foodl This Item, which towered above anything else in importance to 350 Americans during their six months internment at Hongkong, continues to be the leading problem of some 2,-: 500 Britons and Notherlanders still behind barbed wire there and is, everybody else's chief worry in the former British crown colony. Increasing hardship, physical and mental, altogether seems to be in store for the million or so residents marooned by war. In the Chinese areas deaths from want of food or from disease caused by insanitation are ap pallingly common. The principal hope of the in ternees at Stanley Camp they include a score of Americans and 60 Canadians is speedy repat riation. Evacuation to Shang hai is both difficult to arrange and highly dangerous. In the internment camp, the rations issued by the Japanese Joseph C. Grew, former U. S. ambassador to Japan. Fire Destroys Dufur Buildings The Dalles, Ore., Aug.' 25 (IP) One-third of Dufur's business district was destroyed by fire early this morning starting at 1:20 in a vacant pool hall, be lieved to have been started from flames left by children who had been playing with matches in the building. The Odd Fellows hall, a va cant theatre building, the Dufur garage and machine shop, the Dufur Dispatch building and two homes burned, in addition to : number of sheds and outbuild ings. The Dalles fire department, called within 10 minutes after the fire had been discovered arrived at .2; 15 i a. m, ;and aided the Maup'ih'jTfyghValley'., and Dufur departments in fighting the flames. Blazing embers that flew half a mile ignited the Gar field Hudson home and burned it to the ground. The A. B. Fra- ley home also was destroyed. Japs Withdraw Forces in China (By the Associated Press) Chinese dispatches said that Japan's invasion armies were withdrawing from China east coast provinces to prepare "an other thrust" elsewhere possib ly an attack on Russian Siberia, India or Australia. In Chungking, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek's war capital, informed quarters agreed that some big-scale revision of Jap anese plans had prompted the enemy to yield hard-won ter ritory in Chekiang and Kiangsi provinces. . , ." A Chinese 'army spokesman said the Japanese were with drawing between 50,000 and 60,000 troops from the two pro vinces about half the original invasion force and abandoning city after city to Gen. Chiang's armies. The Chinese high command said Lishui, important base from which Japan might be bombed, was under direct attack and that the Japanese defenders had beei driven inside that city. dwindled since the round-up of Occidentals early last January until in March a crisis had been created, with nutrition diseases increasing by leaps and bounds and persons of all ages becom ing gradually emaciated. Poor grade polished rice in insufficient quantities formed the bulk of the fare for Ameri cans and Europeans. The Joint internee committee, composed of Americans, British and Dutch, on March 13 adopted a resolution protesting the di minishing rations, lack of essen tial foods and the exorbitant prices charged in the camp can teen, where on rare and mo mentous occasions small quan tities of supplementary provi sions were sold. Churchill in Conference with War Cabinet Results of Talk With Stalinaand Agreement on Second Front Discussed London, August 25 (IP) Prime Minister Churchill conferred with war cabinet members to day on the results of his talk with Joseph Stalin, and his vis its to vital war bases in Egypt and Iran while Britain waited impatiently for signs of an al lied plan designed to relieve the pressure on the soviet. The feeling that spectacular developments soon may follow the prime minister's return grew among Britons with the disclosure that he had, visited Iran and Iraq as well as Egypt during his three-week flight. To Aid Rumanians Those visits both brought quick, unforeseen consequences the establishment of a sep arate military command for the Iraq-Iran area and the assign ment of General Sir Harold Alexander to succeed General Sir Claude Auchinleck as com mander in chief of the middle east. The questions British editor ialists asked were when and where allied power could ex plode to help lift the burden from the red army and whether time, was leit4.omake,it effective in disorganizing the 'axis time: table of conquest.- Rumblings suggestive of a critical new campaign in north Africa and the day-and-night bombardments in western Eu rope by United States army bombers and the RAF both were taken as clues to the secret plans the smiling, joking prime min ister was assured to have brought back from his talks with Premier Stalin. Second Visit to Egypt It was disclosed today that Churchill paid a second visit to Egypt on his return trip from Moscow and he also visited Iran and Iraq, where a new British command has been announced. British observers noted that one of the first to greet Church ill in London last night was Vice Admiral Lord Louis Mount batten, the commando chief who is preparing to report on the Di eppe super-raid which tested the possibilities of a continental bridgehead. "Mr. Stalin and I have ex changed views which will be of utmost value to the allied cause," the Daily Express quot- (Concluded on Pane 13, Column 8) RAF Smashes At Frankfort London, Aug. 25 (IP) A "strong force" of RAF bombers smashed at Frankfurt and Wies baden and other objectives in the upper Rhincland last night in the first RAF night attack on Germany in a week, the air min istry said today. The exact strength of the force sent over Germany was not disclosed, but the announced loss of 16 planes indicated that some 300 planes took part, on the basis of a 5 per cent loss. However, bad'weathcr over the continent last night may have contributed to the losses. Frankfurt is on the main riv er, 22 miles from its confluence with the Rhine at Mainz, and is an important German com mercial and industrial center. Machinery, electrical supplies and chemicals are its most im portant products, Wiesbaden is best known as a fashionable "Spa," but It is also a manufacturing city of some importance and a communica tions center. It was the first lime Wies baden had been mentioned as an RAF objective. Frankfurt, with its chemical works, oil refiner ies and other industrial plants, had been raided 33 times previously. . i wtins-tt j ' jm jiJ Brazil Decides on War President Getulio Vargas (up raised hand), spoke from the palace balcony at Rio De Janeiro on the eve of the declaration of war to tell a huge Brizilian throng the nation would "react" to un provoked attacks on Brazilian ships by axis U-boats. His daughter, Alzira (left), and his wife (hand on chin), listened to the speech as did serious-faced aides. (As sociated Press Photo.) Brazil Prepares War Measures By David J. Wilson Rio De Janeiro, Aug. 25 (U.R) President Getulio Vargas sum moned his war cabinet today to plan more drastic economic measures against the axis and equipment of thousandsof army iwithin- the:B5t -few;' days; and . & a Harriman Says Stalin Confident London, Aug.- 25 (ff) W. Averell Harriman, who repre sented President Roosevelt at the recent Churchill-Stalin con ference in Moscow, announced today that he was leaving shortly for Washington to report to the president, Harriman indicated strongly that the result of the Brilish-Russian-U. S. talks in Moscow were entirely satisfactory to all three countries. "I was President Roosevelt's personal representative at the discussions," he said in reply to a question as to his exact status at Moscow. "The broad smiles shown in photographs of Prime 'Minister Churchill are a sound indication of how the discussions went." He declared he attended "most but not all" the discussions be tween Churchill and Stalin but indicated that the United Slates was a full partner with Russia and Britain in any conclusions! reached. "I found the same determina tion and confidence in the out come of the war among the Rus sians as I did on my trip with Lord Beaverbrook last year," he asserted. , , As Mr. r Roosevelt's personal envoy, he declined to answer any questions on the military sit uation. Stalin, he said, appeared "strong and confident." German Warship Sunk Off Flushing London, Aug. 25 VP) A Ger man anti-aircraft ship was "al most certainly sunk" in a lively engagement between four Ger man vessels of that type and British light naval forces off Flushing, The Netherlands, last night, the admiralty announced today. The British suffered no casu alties and all their vessels re turned safely to port, a commun ique said. The other three German ships "were heavily engaged with gunfire and it is considered that damage and casualties were In flicted on them," the admiralty said. It reported the first German vessel was hit by a torpedo fired from a British motor tor pedo boat. to provide for the training and recruits. The cabinet will meet it was understood that meetings will be held at regular intervals until the axis is smashed. Re ports circulated that three more axis submarines had been sunk by Brazilian, British and United States planes off the south coast of Brazil, but they were not confirmed by official quarters. The submarine menace had not been ended, however, by the re lentless hunt that has been car ried on the past 10 days. The National Petroleum coun cil announced that the United Slates Tanker Louisiana of 8567 tons had been sunk. It was re ported to have gone down last Thursday night, about 600 miles northeast of Rio De Janeiro. The government was greatly encouraged by the fact that six South American republics Paragusy, Argentina, Chile, Bo livia, . Uruguay, and Peru had declared Brazil a non-belligerent, Under this status, Brazil ian ships may use their ports as long and as freely as they wish, and economic restrictions imposed against nations consid ered belligerents are not ap plied. Huns Winter Clothing Budapest (from . German broadcasts) Aug. 25 (IP) The collection of winter clothing for Hungarian troops fighting in Russia was started today throughout Hundary. The press urgently appealed for contributions. Raider Battalions Of Marines Fighting Washington, Aug. 25 (IP) Heavily armed and highly trained marines, organized Into "raider battalions," arc battling the Jap anese in the Solomon islands and carried out the August 17 at tack on Japanese-held Makin island in the Gilbert group of the Pacific, This announcement today by the marine corps was the first official disclosure of the exist ence of the marine raiders whose equipment and training methods have been closely guarded secrets against the time when they would go Into action. Their first known attack of these specially-trained devil dogs was "In the Solomons of fensive beginning August 7. Their second was in their own show at Makln, the Gilbert is land group. Major James Roose velt, son of the president, was second In command in the Ma kln attack which damaged in stallations and killed Japanese defenders. Million Nazi Troops Menace Stalingrad Tanks, Dive-bombers and Parachutists-Descend in Don and Caucasus Area By Eddy Gilmore Moscow, Aug. 25 (IP) More than 1,000,000 strong, the nazi army in southern Russia tonight had driven to within less than 40 miles of Stalingrad and 170 miles from the Caspian Sea. Stalingrad's peril appeared to be growing greater hour by hour as the invaders drove northeast ward from the region of Kotel nikovski while huge tank forces which had crossed to the eastern bank of the Don river came from the northwest. Dive bombers swarmed through the skies and parachut ists descended in both the Don and the Caucasus areas with anti-tank guns and motorcycles to menace further the red army positions. 100 Nazi Divisions The German forces were esti mated by the Russians as be tween 80 and 100 divisions, com posed of from 9,000 to 20,000 men each. 'A front line dispatch to Com- somol Pravda, official paper of the young communist organiza tion, said the Germans had been able, to concentrate large masses of men and machines across the Don. . ' - It said the nazls brought up reserves during the night and at tacked at dawn, tanks being fol lowed by men with automatic rifles while planes rained down "many tons of bombs." Night Fighting The first wave was turned back, but a half hour later more bombers appeared and another charge began. In hard hand-to-hand fighting, the red army stuck to its trenches and refused to break, this dispatch declared. Night fighting in that sector was featured by rocket and tracer bullets streaking across the sky while German siren bombs screamed. An account to Pravda, com munist party paper, said the par achutists at one place landed in sufficient strength to permit their transport planes to alight on an air field and unload anti tank guns, motorcycles and trench-mortars. In the Caucasus The Invaders also have driven to the Prokhladnenski area 85 miles northeast of the oil town of Grozny, but 200 men of a nazi mountain detachment were kill ed there and an atlack in "many times greater" strength was re pulsed, the information bureau said. Although the Germans were throwing in largo forces less than 40 miles from Stalingrad, life in that industrial center was (Concluded on Page 1.1, Column HI In surprise Inndings like that on Makin," the marine an nouncement said, "their objec tive may be to destroy air and naval bases, communication center, ammunition 'umps, mil itary stores, and defensive in stallations, "They seek to bring back vit al information about the dispo sition of enemy forces, intelli gence concerning his future plans, and prisoners. The raiders are trained also to function as a spearhead of a full-scale Invasion, This may have been their role in the Solo mon offensive or they may have entered the battle at a later stage, perhaps attacking the enemy from the rear after ef fecting a surprise rubber boat landing," 6 Jap Warships Blasted by U.S. In Initial Attack Nipponese Stage Major Counter Offensive to Re capture Lost Bases Washington, Aug. 25 (IP) United States forces fought a mighty sea and air battle today against strong Japanese forces seeking to regain control of the Solomon islands and wipe out gains of America's first land of fensive of the Pacific war. Already, said a navy commun ique, American fliers have bombed effectively more than half a dozen of the enemy's ships, including two carriers and a battleship. At the outset of the still-continuing engagement in the, south Pacific, the navy said 21 Jap anese planes were shot down by American fighters who suffered only minor losses themselves. Life Line Control Hinging on the oulcome of the Japanese counter-attack against hard-won American footholds in the Solomons was control of strategic points which cover sup ply lines to Australia and pro vide a springboard for still fur ther offensives against Japan's distended empire. The battle began developing on the afternoon of August 23 and already army and navy car-rierv-based planes - have effec tively bombed two Japanese car riers, one battleship, one trans port, one cruiser, and an un specified number of other cruis ers which the navy described as "several." Ships Left Burning The transport and one cruiser were left burning fiercely after an aircraft attack on them north of Guadalcanal August 24. The main action of the battle, the navy communique indicated, is currently in progress and tha navy said that it was "a large scale battle" between American sea and air forces and a strong Japanese striking force which has approached the southeast ern group of the Solomon Is lands from a northeast direc tion. Army and navy units backing up the American marines In the Solomons had expected a vio lent attempt by the Japanese te recapture their lost bases in the Tulagi area, and so, the navy said, apparently were fully pre pared to meet it. On this point the navy said succinctly, "this counter-attack (Concluded on Page 3, Column 1) Japs Lose Planes In New Guinea Gen. MacArlhur's Headquar ters, Australin, Aug. 25 (U.R) Gen. Douglas MacAthur's fighter plane corps, attacking an enemy formation of 13 Zero fighters, over eastern New Guinea yes terday, downed four of them without loss for a two-day al lied score of 17 to 0. Others of the Japanese fleet were hit and damaged, and some of them may" have crashed on the way to base. The single al lied plane that was damaged landed snfo. In addition, allied reconnais sance bombing planes, which two enemy zeros unwisely at tacked over the Rabaul area of New Britain Island, set fire to one of the Japanese craft and probably destroyed it, Gen. Douglas MacArthur said in a communique. The Japanese made a weak attempt to follow up their dis astrous Sunday raid on Darwin, the allied North Australian base. Three of their planes flew over by night, but so extreme was their caullon that they dropped their bombs In a swamp and fled. Of the 47 enemy planes which had raided Darwin Sunday at least 13 and probably 15 were downed and others were dam aged so severely that they might have crashed.