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DAILY' EAST ORE((IMAN. I'KMW.KHO. OllKGO.N, WEDNESDAY, DECEMIIEK 7, 1910.
PACK TURKS
PRESIDENT TAFT FOR
- TARIFF COMMISSION
ASKS THAT I'KKSKXT IIOAItD
1SE MADE I'EKMAXKXT HODY
Exwiitlve Advlww Iroj;rpwivo Policy
Willi Itcfcrt'iu-o to ariff (liangon
Th0 I 'ii mi inn rniml War and Navy
DcpnrtiiH-niH PoHtoffico.
(Owing to lack of space In yester
day's I'riitlon the fallowing portion of
tho president's message was omitted
at the time:)
Revenues.
Tills seems a proper plnco to con
sider tho operation of the existing
tariff bill, which became a law Au
gust 6, 1909. As an income produc
ing measure the existing tariff bill
hua never been exceeded by any cus
toms bill In tho history of the coun
try. Tho corporation exelse trtx, propor
tioned Income, has worked well. The
tax has been easily collected. Its
prompt payment indicates that the in
cidence of the tax has not been heavy.
It offers, moreover, on opportunity
for knowledge by the government of
the general condition and business
of all corporations and that moans
by far the , most Important
part of the business of the
country. In the original not pro
vision was made for the publication
of returns. This provision was sub
sequently amended by congress and
tho matter left to the regulation of
the president. I have decided the Is
sue of the needed regulations.
Tlio Pnyne Tariff Art.
The schedules of the rates of duty
In the Payno tariff act have been sub
jected to a great deal of criticism,
some of It Just, more of It unfound
ed, and to much misrepresentation.
The art was adopted In pursuance of
a declaration by the party which Is
responsible for It that a customs bill
should be a tariff for the protection
of home Industries, the measure of the
protection to be the difference be
tween the cost of production of the
Imported article abroad and the cost
of producing It at home, together
with such addition to that difference
as might give a reasonable profit to
the home producer. The basis for the
criticism of this tariff Is that In re
spect to a number of the schedules the
declared measure was not followed
but a higher division retained or In
serted by way of undue discrimina
tion In favor of certain industries ami
measures. Little, If any, of Che crit
icism of the tariff has been directed
against the protective principle above
stated; but the main body of the crit
icism has been based on the charge
that the attempt to conform the mea
sure of protection was not honestly
and sincerely adhered to.
Tariff Hoard.
Tho time in which the tariff was
prepared undoubtedly was so short as
to make It Impossible fop the con
gress and its experts to acquire the
Information necessary strictly to con
form to the declared measure. In or
der to avoid criticism of this kind in
tho future, and for the purpose of
mofe nearly confirming to the prom
ise, congress at Its last session made
provision at my request for the con
t:nuance of a board created under the
authority of the maximum and min
imum clauses of the tariff bill, and
authorized this board to expend trie
tiiin fur the ascertainment of the cost
of production at home and abroad of
the various articles Included in the
schedules of the tariff. The tariff
board thus appointed and author
ized has been diligent In preparing It
Self for the necessary Investigations.
The hope of those who have advocat
ed the use of this board for tariff pur
poses Is that the question of the rate
advance Imposed shall become more
of a business question and less of a
political question to be ascertained
by experts of long training and accur
ate knowledge. The halt In business
due to the announcement that a new
tariff bill is to be prepared, and put
In operation will be avoided by treat
ing the schedules one by ne as occa
sion shall arise for an increase In
rates and only after It Is reported. It
Is not likely that the board will be
able to make a report during the
present session on the present sched
ules because a proper examination in
volves an enormous amount of detail
and a great deal of care; but I hope
to be able at tho opening of the new
congress, or at least during the ses
sion of that congress, to bring to Its
attention the facta n regard to those
schedules In the present tariff that
may prove to need amendment. The
carrying out of this plan, of course
involves the full cooperation of con
gress In limiting the consideration of
tariff matters to one schedule at a
time, because if a proposed amend
ment to a tariff bill Is to involve a
complete consideration of all the
schedules and another revision, then
we kIihII only repeat the evil from
which the business of this country1
has In times past suffered most griev- '
ously by stagnation and uncertainty, '
pending a resettlement of a law af
fecting all business directly or Indi
rectly, and the effect of which now
Is business men would Ignore in new
projects and new Investments. 1 can- '
not too much emphasize the import
ance and benefit of the plan above'
given for the treatment of the tariff.
It facilitates the removal of notewor
thy defects in an Important law with- j
out a disturbance of business prosper- '
Ity, which Is even more important to
tho happiness and comfort of the peo-
pic than the elimination of instances ;
of In Justice In the tariff. '
The inquiries which the members '
of tho tariff board made during the
last summer Into the methods pur-
sued by other governments with ref- ,
erence to the fixing of tariffs and the '
determination of their effect upon :
tradi show that each, government
maintains an office or bureau, the of
ficers and employes of which have
made their life work the study of tar
iff matters, and cost of articles im
ported and the offect of the tariff
upon trade so that whenever a change
Is thought to be necessary In the tar
iff law this office is the source of the
most reliable Information as to the
propriety of the change and its effect.
I am strongly convinced that we need
in this government Just such an of
fice and that It can be secured by
making tho tariff board already ap
pointed a permanent tariff commis
sion with its duties. Its powers and Its
emoluments as it may seem wise to
give. It has been proposed to en
large the board from three to five.
Tho present number is convenient, !
but I do not know that an Increase
of two members would be objection
able. Whether or not the protective pol
icy is to be continued and the de
gree of protection to be accorded to
our home industries, are questions
which the people must decide by their
chosen representatives; but whatever
pidicy is adopted. It s clear that the
necessary legislation should be based
on an Impartial, thorough and contin
uous study of the facta.
IlanUlinr and Currency Reform.
The method of impartial, scientific
study by experts as a preliminary to
legislation, which I hope to see ulti
mately adopted as our fixfd national
policy with respect to the tariff, riv
ers and harbors, waterways and pub
lic buildings. Is also being pursued by
the non-partisan monetary commis
sion of congress. An exhaustive and
most valuable study of the banking
and currency systems of foreign
countries has been completed.
A comparison of the business meth
ods and Institutions of our powerful
and successful rivals with our own
methods. Is sure to be of Immense
value.
I urge the Importance of a nonpar
tisan and disinterested study and con
sideration of our banking and cur
rency system. It Is Idle to dream of
commercial expansion and of the de
velopment of our national trade on
a scale that measures up to our
matchless opportunities unless we can
lay a solid foundation In a sound and
enduring banking and currency sys
tem. The problem is not partisan,
is not sectional it Is national.
War Ifciwrtnioiit.
The army now numbers about 80,
0UO.OO0 men, of which about 18,000,
flftn are engaged In the coast artil
lery. The general plan for an army of
the United StAtes at peace should be
that of a skeleton organization with
an excess of trained officers and thus
capable of rapid enlargement by en
listments, to be supplemented in
emergency by the national guard and
a volunteer foroe.
There Is now pending In congress
a bill repealing the recent volunteer
act and making provision for the or
ganization of volunteer forces In time
of war, which is admirably adapted
to meet the exigencies which would
be then presented. The passage of the
bill would not entail a dollar's ex
pense upon the government at this
time, or In the future, until war comes,
but when war does come the methods
therein directed are in accordance
with the best military judgment as to
what they ought to be, and the act
would prevent the necessity for the
discussion of new legislation and the
delays incident to Its consideration and
adoption. I earnestly urge the pas
sage of this volunteer bill.
I further recommend that congress
establish a commission to determine,
early as practicable, a comprehensive
policy for the organization, mobiliza
tion and administration of the regular
army, the organized militia and the
volunteer forces In the event of war.
I have directed that the estimates
for appropriation for the Improvement
of coast defenses In the United States
Should be reduced to a minimum,
wh'le those for the completion of the
needed fortifications at Corregidor In
the Philippines and at Pearl Harbor
In 'he Hiiva'lnn islands, should be ex
pedited as much as possible. The Pa
cific naval base has been transferred
to Pearl Harbor In the Hawaiian is
Inds. This necessitates the heavy for
tifications of the harbor and the es
tablishment of an Important military
station near Honollu. I urge that all
the estimates made by the war de
partment for these purposes be ap
proved by congressional appropria
tion. .
The president refers to the prosper
ity and growing trade of the Philip
pines and Porto Rico, especially rec
ommending the speedy enactment of.
pending measures for the govern
ment of the latter Island.
Panama Cnnnl.
At the Instance of Colonel Goethals,
the army engineer, officer In charge
of work on the Panama canal, I have
Just made a visit to the Isthmus to
Inspect the work done and to consult
with him on the question of certain
problems which are likely to arise In
the near future. The progress of the
work is most satisfactory. If no un
suspected obstacle presents itself, the
canal will be completed well within
the time fixed by congress, to-wit,
January 1. 1915. and within the esti
mated cost of $375,000,000.
Among questions arising for present
solution Is the decision whether the
canal shall be fortified. I have al
ready stated to the congress that I
strongly favor fortification and I now
reiterate this opinion and ask your
consideration of the subject In the
light of the report already before you,
made by a competent board.
If. In your discretion, we believe
modern fortifications to tie necessary
to the adequate protection and polic
ing of the canal, then it is our duty
to construct them. We have built
the canal. It is our property. It is
also well known that one of the chief
objects in the construction of the ca
nal has been to increase the military
effectiveness of our navy. Failure to
fortify the canal would leave us In
the possession of rights we would be
powerless to enforce.
In determining what the tolls
should be, we certainly ought not to
insist that, for a good many years to
come, they should amount to enough
to pay the Interest on the investment,
of $400,000,000 which the United
States has made in the construction
of the canal. The benefit to be deriv
ed by the U. S. from thi.. expenditure
is not to be measured to.eiy by a re
turn upon the investment.
In addit'on to the benefit to our na
val strength, the canal greatly in
creases the trade facilities of the
United States. It will undoubtedly
cheapen the rates of transportation
in all freight between the eastern and
western seaboard and it will greatly
increase that trade by reason of the
reduction in Its costs.
In all these cases the question
whether the Panama canal Is to be
used and Its tonnage increased will
be determined mainly by the charge
for its use. My own Impression Is
that the tolls ought not to exceed $1
per net ton. On the whole, I should
recommend that within certain lim
its, the president be authorized to fix
the tolls of the canal and to adjust
them to what he believes to be a com
mercial necessity.
The president recommends that,
owing to the Importance of the canal
to the United States navy, the govern
ment should take over the furnish
ing, not only to the navy but to the
public, of drydock and repair shop
facilities and the sale of coal, oil and
other ships supplies.
He adds:
I cannot close this reference to the
canal without suggesting as a wise
amendment to the Interstate commerce
law a provision prohibiting interstate
commerce railroads from owning or
controlling ships engaged in the trade
through the Panama canal. I believe
such a provision may be needed to
save the people of the United States
the benefits of the competition la
(Continued on Page Seven.)
Prelection Del 5 v e r y
System
accounts for much of our success in
the merchandising of coal. The way
we screen and store this much need
ed commodity of course helps out.
Then, too, we endeavor to give cour
teous attention to every patron
whether he buys in a large or small
way and to investigate closely all complaints, which
fortunately are few
i
YA
OREGON LUMBER.
Phone Main 8
WhtA 1 ib aa
m
10
MAY we help you solve the problem and put you in the way of
doing your Christmas shopping with pleasure, satisfaction
and economy ? We take the liberty of making a suggestion regard
ing the best time to do your shopping and earnestly urge you to do
it AT ONCE. Come early while the pick is the choicest, avoid the
crowd and make your selections at leisure and in comfort, from a
full and complete assortment
Our stock is known to comprise high-class jewelry and our pri
ces are less than those found in the majority of high-grade stores.
First-class engTaving free on all articles purchased here.
FREE Solid Silver Teaspoon-FREE
As an inducement for early buying we will present to every
purchaser of $5.00 or more a solid silver teaspoon of an artistic de
sign. We retail these spoons from $1.00 to $1.50. But one spoon
will be given to each customer.
A Few Suggestions
is. , i
Diamond Necklaces
815 to 875
Diamond and Pearl Rings
$10 to 8400
Diamond Brooches
825 to $200
Diamond and emerald Rings
815 to 8100
Diamond and Solitaire Ear
rings, a pair $25 to 8600
Fancy Diamond Rings
i 820 to 8750
Diamond Pendants
$20 to 8100
Diamond Stickpins
$10 to 8150
Diamond Studs
825 to $300
Diamond Solitaire Rings
810 to 8800
Bracelets
Combs
Purses
Link Buttons
Chains
Lockets
Watches
Toilet Sets .
Umbrellas
Scarf Pins
82.00 to $50
$1.00 to $25
$4.50 to $45
75 to $100
$1.00 to $40
. $1.50 to $45
$4.50 to 8150
86.00 to 875
$3.50 to ?35
75 to $50
Ma
HAHSC(DCa
Jeweler1
AT THE MOVING
PICTURE SHOWS
The Orpheum.
1. The Marked Time able: Blo-
graph, 1000 feet ong. The subject Is
a lesson to parents who do not fully
realize the contaminating Influence of
city life.
2. The Itey of Life. Edison. Mys
tical comedy 1000 feet long. A story
of reincarnation with Mile. Pilar Mo
rin In the principal role.
S. The Early Settlers. Sells, 1000
feet long. A good drama. Telling of
the hardships the early settlers had
In Minnesota.
4. The, Children's Revolt. Vttagraph.
1000 feet long. A picture play of
how two children object to the re
straints of too much restriction, love
and attention. Tou can't put old heads
on young shoulders. Children will be
children, and there is no use of dwarf
ing their natures.
Pastime Theater.
"Abraham Lincoln's Clemency."
American production Pathe. A great
patriotic picture. Here is a war pic
ture full of thrills and patriotism
and with scenes of the white house
and Lincoln that will drive any au
dience wild with excitement. The in
cidents pictured in this film are
founded on facts and relate to Wil
liam Scott, a young soldier from the
state of Vermont. A picture you will
want to see twice. A finale that will
make you sit up.
"A Fortunate Misfortune." Es-
snny Co, comedy drama. A story of
gripping human interest with an ap
peal to every heart. A double love
story based upon the fact that one
girl diseaided a young man because
he was ruined by business reverses.
Iater he fimis a girl who wants him.
n"t his money, when he suddenly
fimis he Is wealthy again. Difficult
to describe, this picture Is interesting
when seen on the screen.
"A Tale of a Hat." Vitagrar-h,
comedy. Mistakes will happen and
appearances are deceiving. This Is a
comedy of mlstak"n Identity which
lead a man Into a heap of trouble.
A picture of universal smiles and a
good laugh.
Do you take the Bast Oregonla .T
COMMON SENSE GIFT
lor -
CHRISTMAS
Such as Spectacle, Eye Glasses,
Eyeglass Holders, Open Glass
es. Field Glasses, Lorgnettes,
etc., are truly appreciated by
sensible people, young or old,
and we have the largest and
best assortment of everything
optical. Our goods are the best
and the Prices are Right.
DALE ROTHWELL, Optometrist
. with Wm. Hanscom. THE Jeweler
liftoff II Pi :lA:4.,C fVi
i .' .. . :
Intel Oregon, located corner of Seventh ami Stark Streets, extending
through the block to Park Street, Portland. Oregon Our new Para
Street Annex Is Absolutely fireproof.
Rates $1 per Day and Up. European
Daily East Oreconian, by carrier, 15 cento per week.