KlfillT l';KK DAILY' EAST ORE((IMAN. I'KMW.KHO. OllKGO.N, WEDNESDAY, DECEMIIEK 7, 1910. PACK TURKS PRESIDENT TAFT FOR - TARIFF COMMISSION ASKS THAT I'KKSKXT IIOAItD 1SE MADE I'EKMAXKXT HODY Exwiitlve Advlww Iroj;rpwivo Policy Willi Itcfcrt'iu-o to ariff (liangon Th0 I 'ii mi inn rniml War and Navy DcpnrtiiH-niH PoHtoffico. (Owing to lack of space In yester day's I'riitlon the fallowing portion of tho president's message was omitted at the time:) Revenues. Tills seems a proper plnco to con sider tho operation of the existing tariff bill, which became a law Au gust 6, 1909. As an income produc ing measure the existing tariff bill hua never been exceeded by any cus toms bill In tho history of the coun try. Tho corporation exelse trtx, propor tioned Income, has worked well. The tax has been easily collected. Its prompt payment indicates that the in cidence of the tax has not been heavy. It offers, moreover, on opportunity for knowledge by the government of the general condition and business of all corporations and that moans by far the , most Important part of the business of the country. In the original not pro vision was made for the publication of returns. This provision was sub sequently amended by congress and tho matter left to the regulation of the president. I have decided the Is sue of the needed regulations. Tlio Pnyne Tariff Art. The schedules of the rates of duty In the Payno tariff act have been sub jected to a great deal of criticism, some of It Just, more of It unfound ed, and to much misrepresentation. The art was adopted In pursuance of a declaration by the party which Is responsible for It that a customs bill should be a tariff for the protection of home Industries, the measure of the protection to be the difference be tween the cost of production of the Imported article abroad and the cost of producing It at home, together with such addition to that difference as might give a reasonable profit to the home producer. The basis for the criticism of this tariff Is that In re spect to a number of the schedules the declared measure was not followed but a higher division retained or In serted by way of undue discrimina tion In favor of certain industries ami measures. Little, If any, of Che crit icism of the tariff has been directed against the protective principle above stated; but the main body of the crit icism has been based on the charge that the attempt to conform the mea sure of protection was not honestly and sincerely adhered to. Tariff Hoard. Tho time in which the tariff was prepared undoubtedly was so short as to make It Impossible fop the con gress and its experts to acquire the Information necessary strictly to con form to the declared measure. In or der to avoid criticism of this kind in tho future, and for the purpose of mofe nearly confirming to the prom ise, congress at Its last session made provision at my request for the con t:nuance of a board created under the authority of the maximum and min imum clauses of the tariff bill, and authorized this board to expend trie tiiin fur the ascertainment of the cost of production at home and abroad of the various articles Included in the schedules of the tariff. The tariff board thus appointed and author ized has been diligent In preparing It Self for the necessary Investigations. The hope of those who have advocat ed the use of this board for tariff pur poses Is that the question of the rate advance Imposed shall become more of a business question and less of a political question to be ascertained by experts of long training and accur ate knowledge. The halt In business due to the announcement that a new tariff bill is to be prepared, and put In operation will be avoided by treat ing the schedules one by ne as occa sion shall arise for an increase In rates and only after It Is reported. It Is not likely that the board will be able to make a report during the present session on the present sched ules because a proper examination in volves an enormous amount of detail and a great deal of care; but I hope to be able at tho opening of the new congress, or at least during the ses sion of that congress, to bring to Its attention the facta n regard to those schedules In the present tariff that may prove to need amendment. The carrying out of this plan, of course involves the full cooperation of con gress In limiting the consideration of tariff matters to one schedule at a time, because if a proposed amend ment to a tariff bill Is to involve a complete consideration of all the schedules and another revision, then we kIihII only repeat the evil from which the business of this country1 has In times past suffered most griev- ' ously by stagnation and uncertainty, ' pending a resettlement of a law af fecting all business directly or Indi rectly, and the effect of which now Is business men would Ignore in new projects and new Investments. 1 can- ' not too much emphasize the import ance and benefit of the plan above' given for the treatment of the tariff. It facilitates the removal of notewor thy defects in an Important law with- j out a disturbance of business prosper- ' Ity, which Is even more important to tho happiness and comfort of the peo- pic than the elimination of instances ; of In Justice In the tariff. ' The inquiries which the members ' of tho tariff board made during the last summer Into the methods pur- sued by other governments with ref- , erence to the fixing of tariffs and the ' determination of their effect upon : tradi show that each, government maintains an office or bureau, the of ficers and employes of which have made their life work the study of tar iff matters, and cost of articles im ported and the offect of the tariff upon trade so that whenever a change Is thought to be necessary In the tar iff law this office is the source of the most reliable Information as to the propriety of the change and its effect. I am strongly convinced that we need in this government Just such an of fice and that It can be secured by making tho tariff board already ap pointed a permanent tariff commis sion with its duties. Its powers and Its emoluments as it may seem wise to give. It has been proposed to en large the board from three to five. Tho present number is convenient, ! but I do not know that an Increase of two members would be objection able. Whether or not the protective pol icy is to be continued and the de gree of protection to be accorded to our home industries, are questions which the people must decide by their chosen representatives; but whatever pidicy is adopted. It s clear that the necessary legislation should be based on an Impartial, thorough and contin uous study of the facta. IlanUlinr and Currency Reform. The method of impartial, scientific study by experts as a preliminary to legislation, which I hope to see ulti mately adopted as our fixfd national policy with respect to the tariff, riv ers and harbors, waterways and pub lic buildings. Is also being pursued by the non-partisan monetary commis sion of congress. An exhaustive and most valuable study of the banking and currency systems of foreign countries has been completed. A comparison of the business meth ods and Institutions of our powerful and successful rivals with our own methods. Is sure to be of Immense value. I urge the Importance of a nonpar tisan and disinterested study and con sideration of our banking and cur rency system. It Is Idle to dream of commercial expansion and of the de velopment of our national trade on a scale that measures up to our matchless opportunities unless we can lay a solid foundation In a sound and enduring banking and currency sys tem. The problem is not partisan, is not sectional it Is national. War Ifciwrtnioiit. The army now numbers about 80, 0UO.OO0 men, of which about 18,000, flftn are engaged In the coast artil lery. The general plan for an army of the United StAtes at peace should be that of a skeleton organization with an excess of trained officers and thus capable of rapid enlargement by en listments, to be supplemented in emergency by the national guard and a volunteer foroe. There Is now pending In congress a bill repealing the recent volunteer act and making provision for the or ganization of volunteer forces In time of war, which is admirably adapted to meet the exigencies which would be then presented. The passage of the bill would not entail a dollar's ex pense upon the government at this time, or In the future, until war comes, but when war does come the methods therein directed are in accordance with the best military judgment as to what they ought to be, and the act would prevent the necessity for the discussion of new legislation and the delays incident to Its consideration and adoption. I earnestly urge the pas sage of this volunteer bill. I further recommend that congress establish a commission to determine, early as practicable, a comprehensive policy for the organization, mobiliza tion and administration of the regular army, the organized militia and the volunteer forces In the event of war. I have directed that the estimates for appropriation for the Improvement of coast defenses In the United States Should be reduced to a minimum, wh'le those for the completion of the needed fortifications at Corregidor In the Philippines and at Pearl Harbor In 'he Hiiva'lnn islands, should be ex pedited as much as possible. The Pa cific naval base has been transferred to Pearl Harbor In the Hawaiian is Inds. This necessitates the heavy for tifications of the harbor and the es tablishment of an Important military station near Honollu. I urge that all the estimates made by the war de partment for these purposes be ap proved by congressional appropria tion. . The president refers to the prosper ity and growing trade of the Philip pines and Porto Rico, especially rec ommending the speedy enactment of. pending measures for the govern ment of the latter Island. Panama Cnnnl. At the Instance of Colonel Goethals, the army engineer, officer In charge of work on the Panama canal, I have Just made a visit to the Isthmus to Inspect the work done and to consult with him on the question of certain problems which are likely to arise In the near future. The progress of the work is most satisfactory. If no un suspected obstacle presents itself, the canal will be completed well within the time fixed by congress, to-wit, January 1. 1915. and within the esti mated cost of $375,000,000. Among questions arising for present solution Is the decision whether the canal shall be fortified. I have al ready stated to the congress that I strongly favor fortification and I now reiterate this opinion and ask your consideration of the subject In the light of the report already before you, made by a competent board. If. In your discretion, we believe modern fortifications to tie necessary to the adequate protection and polic ing of the canal, then it is our duty to construct them. We have built the canal. It is our property. It is also well known that one of the chief objects in the construction of the ca nal has been to increase the military effectiveness of our navy. Failure to fortify the canal would leave us In the possession of rights we would be powerless to enforce. In determining what the tolls should be, we certainly ought not to insist that, for a good many years to come, they should amount to enough to pay the Interest on the investment, of $400,000,000 which the United States has made in the construction of the canal. The benefit to be deriv ed by the U. S. from thi.. expenditure is not to be measured to.eiy by a re turn upon the investment. In addit'on to the benefit to our na val strength, the canal greatly in creases the trade facilities of the United States. It will undoubtedly cheapen the rates of transportation in all freight between the eastern and western seaboard and it will greatly increase that trade by reason of the reduction in Its costs. In all these cases the question whether the Panama canal Is to be used and Its tonnage increased will be determined mainly by the charge for its use. My own Impression Is that the tolls ought not to exceed $1 per net ton. On the whole, I should recommend that within certain lim its, the president be authorized to fix the tolls of the canal and to adjust them to what he believes to be a com mercial necessity. The president recommends that, owing to the Importance of the canal to the United States navy, the govern ment should take over the furnish ing, not only to the navy but to the public, of drydock and repair shop facilities and the sale of coal, oil and other ships supplies. He adds: I cannot close this reference to the canal without suggesting as a wise amendment to the Interstate commerce law a provision prohibiting interstate commerce railroads from owning or controlling ships engaged in the trade through the Panama canal. I believe such a provision may be needed to save the people of the United States the benefits of the competition la (Continued on Page Seven.) Prelection Del 5 v e r y System accounts for much of our success in the merchandising of coal. The way we screen and store this much need ed commodity of course helps out. Then, too, we endeavor to give cour teous attention to every patron whether he buys in a large or small way and to investigate closely all complaints, which fortunately are few i YA OREGON LUMBER. Phone Main 8 WhtA 1 ib aa m 10 MAY we help you solve the problem and put you in the way of doing your Christmas shopping with pleasure, satisfaction and economy ? We take the liberty of making a suggestion regard ing the best time to do your shopping and earnestly urge you to do it AT ONCE. Come early while the pick is the choicest, avoid the crowd and make your selections at leisure and in comfort, from a full and complete assortment Our stock is known to comprise high-class jewelry and our pri ces are less than those found in the majority of high-grade stores. First-class engTaving free on all articles purchased here. FREE Solid Silver Teaspoon-FREE As an inducement for early buying we will present to every purchaser of $5.00 or more a solid silver teaspoon of an artistic de sign. We retail these spoons from $1.00 to $1.50. But one spoon will be given to each customer. A Few Suggestions is. , i Diamond Necklaces 815 to 875 Diamond and Pearl Rings $10 to 8400 Diamond Brooches 825 to $200 Diamond and emerald Rings 815 to 8100 Diamond and Solitaire Ear rings, a pair $25 to 8600 Fancy Diamond Rings i 820 to 8750 Diamond Pendants $20 to 8100 Diamond Stickpins $10 to 8150 Diamond Studs 825 to $300 Diamond Solitaire Rings 810 to 8800 Bracelets Combs Purses Link Buttons Chains Lockets Watches Toilet Sets . Umbrellas Scarf Pins 82.00 to $50 $1.00 to $25 $4.50 to $45 75 to $100 $1.00 to $40 . $1.50 to $45 $4.50 to 8150 86.00 to 875 $3.50 to ?35 75 to $50 Ma HAHSC(DCa Jeweler1 AT THE MOVING PICTURE SHOWS The Orpheum. 1. The Marked Time able: Blo- graph, 1000 feet ong. The subject Is a lesson to parents who do not fully realize the contaminating Influence of city life. 2. The Itey of Life. Edison. Mys tical comedy 1000 feet long. A story of reincarnation with Mile. Pilar Mo rin In the principal role. S. The Early Settlers. Sells, 1000 feet long. A good drama. Telling of the hardships the early settlers had In Minnesota. 4. The, Children's Revolt. Vttagraph. 1000 feet long. A picture play of how two children object to the re straints of too much restriction, love and attention. Tou can't put old heads on young shoulders. Children will be children, and there is no use of dwarf ing their natures. Pastime Theater. "Abraham Lincoln's Clemency." American production Pathe. A great patriotic picture. Here is a war pic ture full of thrills and patriotism and with scenes of the white house and Lincoln that will drive any au dience wild with excitement. The in cidents pictured in this film are founded on facts and relate to Wil liam Scott, a young soldier from the state of Vermont. A picture you will want to see twice. A finale that will make you sit up. "A Fortunate Misfortune." Es- snny Co, comedy drama. A story of gripping human interest with an ap peal to every heart. A double love story based upon the fact that one girl diseaided a young man because he was ruined by business reverses. Iater he fimis a girl who wants him. n"t his money, when he suddenly fimis he Is wealthy again. Difficult to describe, this picture Is interesting when seen on the screen. "A Tale of a Hat." Vitagrar-h, comedy. Mistakes will happen and appearances are deceiving. This Is a comedy of mlstak"n Identity which lead a man Into a heap of trouble. A picture of universal smiles and a good laugh. Do you take the Bast Oregonla .T COMMON SENSE GIFT lor - CHRISTMAS Such as Spectacle, Eye Glasses, Eyeglass Holders, Open Glass es. Field Glasses, Lorgnettes, etc., are truly appreciated by sensible people, young or old, and we have the largest and best assortment of everything optical. Our goods are the best and the Prices are Right. DALE ROTHWELL, Optometrist . with Wm. Hanscom. THE Jeweler liftoff II Pi :lA:4.,C fVi i .' .. . : Intel Oregon, located corner of Seventh ami Stark Streets, extending through the block to Park Street, Portland. Oregon Our new Para Street Annex Is Absolutely fireproof. Rates $1 per Day and Up. European Daily East Oreconian, by carrier, 15 cento per week.