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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 22, 1886)
1 6 WILLAMETTE FARMER: SALEM, OREGON, OCTGBER 22 1886 . i ! ! t r ! 1 ! U i. $iotk. It Never PAyii To slnrvo young horhcs. To overload young tennis. To whip ft hoivo when it bulks. To put light horses to heavy work. To get excited bocniiao a horso does. To work a horeo when it is not well. Tn lirund scrub mtircs to inferior liorscs. To hurry tlio tennis in tho bent of the day. To work n weak horoo bosido ft strong one. a To mnke draft horHcs out of trotting bred stock. To feed heating food during extremely hot wenthcr. To uho harsh nnd sharp lnngungo when handling horses. To try to make a fimt trottor out of a poorly bred horso. To put heavy hnrncsB on horseH for ordinary farm work. To work a Blow, lazy horBo bosido a quick spirited nnimul. National Stock man. Bhoep Folulnir. An KngliHh paper furnishea some points on Hhecp husbandry which will bo now to nearly all of our renders s Shoot) aro folded all tho year round on light land, aliko on tho downs, tho cTriw.li nrntiii. tlm nrlilluiiil irrflHBCH, tho rootH. and tho irrigntcd meadows. When grazed upon tho open thoop-wnlk or Hcantily-pastured downs tho owes aro driven to tho foldH on tho nrablo fields nt night, whero they aro crowded, often two thousand sheep upon an aero, in dally shifted folds, in winter and Hpring enriching tho ground for bnrloy and turnip, and in summer and autumn manuring it in this way for wheat. BomStimos it to a portion of the plowed wheat stubblo which is undor this treat ment; BomotlmcH tho folding Ib upon Htraw carted to spread upon tho land oarly In winter, and then plowed in to lio till spring as a preparation for tho turnip crop. Tho samo process is nl ho adopted by some farmers for wheat. ThoHhcop aro not only employed as ninnuro carriers and dressers of tho land, hut aro iiIho worked for tho purpose of firming tho sood-bed directly after tho wheat Ih put in, either drilled or hand-sown upon tho soam-preHscd fur rows. A Hock of several hundreds aro driven in cIoho order to and fro over tho ground, solidifying it by their treading) this being done in early morning for about tlireo hours oach day, and plots of eight or ton acres daily treated in turn, until tho whole has boon gone over, United Btate as a Moat Producer. Although our wheat crop is much larger than that of hint year indeed our winter wheat was exceptionally good yot the fact remains that wo aro never likely to sell as much gram to foreign nations as wo did from 18(7 to 1881. For one thing, we eoimume more grain for ouivelves, for there aro 10,000, 000 nioro of m now than there was in 18S0, when iliu hut census was taken. Hut while wo will e.port Iosh grain, wo shall send abroad very 'much larger quantities of beef, mutton, pork and lard. This will bo an advantage to us, for tho cropping of grain robs tho soil of its fertility, while the mining of cattle not only eniichos tho laud but returns us a larger profit. Since 18(10 we have developed prodigiously what may be called our beef, bog and ilch crops. In 1870 wo had 2:1,820,000 head of cattle. grow nioro grain than wo can consume, while our animnl food products aro bo abundant that wo could feed half tho world and havo enough for ourselves besides. Demorest's Monthly. Weaning Lambs. Weaning latnbH is no trifling a(Iair. Too much care cannot bo given a lamb when tho time comes for it to set up living for itself. This come nt the season of tho yenr most trying to the system. Unions specinl preparation is mndo by providing a reserve pasturo with extra feed, tho process is n hazard ous one, and often disastrous. Tho young thing may never havo tnken n mouthful of grain feed in its life, pnr ticulnrly if it bo a late lamb ; it has no idea of food, other than its mother's milk; tho supply of thnt has been lessoned by dry wenthcr nnd short feed, until at tho very door of starvation Huddonly it is separated from its mother, and tho alternative of cnt or die is forced upon it. Tho proper way is to remove tho owes from tho pasturo wlioro tho lambs have run all summer, and in which they nro acquainted, for a couplo of weeks, to allow tho grass to mnko n fresh growth. With nn old owo or two for company, put tho lambs in this, putting tho cwo flock as far away as possible for threo or four days. In a trough in which the lambs havo boon accustomed to Hud salt now let them Jlud some brnu and ontB at first; afterwards add a little corn. Begin very slowly, as thoro is danger of overfeeding at first. Once lot them learn to cat enough without scouring, and tho futuro is easy. Some put tho lambs right into tho barn and give closo attention to feeding and watoring for n fow days. In the West, whero tho lamb Hock amounts to hundreds, very nico atten tion is given on a separate ranch that has been held in reserve for their especial uso. .Somo clean, swoet grain for wean ing lambs on is quite indispensable. Tho greatest danger is scouring, and ouo which llockmnsters dread, not alone as difllcult to cure, but ono so hard to kcop from becoming epidemic in tho Hock. No prettier sight can ho scon thnn n bunch of well-bred, well-weaned, healthy, growing, full-foil lambs. H. SI. Doll, in Farm and Fireside. pmiuriu In 18S.r we had 15,000,000. At tho puiHimt rate of increase, wo shall havo 7i).000,000 in HUM and 110,000.000 in llUl.'i. Then tho great corn crops we havo had since 1870 havo enormously increased tho number of hogs for our own use and exportation. For the last two years our corn crops wore unusu ally large, while it is very promising this year, and this means that hog products of all kinds will bo plentiful and cheap for two years to como. Wheat can bo raised in many quarters of tho globe, but the only available cattle ranches ouUido tho United States ato in Australia and South America, but wo havo tho decided advantage of being nearer tho meat-consuming nations. Then, within ten years thoro has U'ou a wonderful development of ilsh food, duo to tho artificial hatching of fish ova by the National and State Fish Commission. Thoro nro probably twenty pounds of ilsh to-day available for food where there was ouo ten yean ngo, and tho process of stocking our streams is still going on; and. thou there will bo im iiiouso additions to our poultry and dairy products, So far as physical necessities aro concerned wo aro tho moat favorod nation on earth. Wo havo a practical monopoly of corn. "Wo Kindness is prolltablo. Kindness to farm animals puts money in tho pckc'. Harsh treatment excites tho animals, and nervous excitement consumes tho fat of tho body very rapidly. "Laugh and grow fat," is a true proverb. It has boon oftou demonstrated that excite ment will cause a cow to eecroto milk almost devoid of cream. It follows that a steer cannot deposit fat when us nervous system is disturbed. On the other hand, tho quiet, undisturbed ani mal makes a good uso of its surplus food in laying on llesli and fat. It is apparent that tho feedor should rear all his animals with kinduoss, using no roughness when among them. This leads us to another point : If cattle are properly treated, home-grown cattle are more profitable than those purchased ; for cattle brought to a strange place re quire several months to get over tho nervous excitement caused by tho change, and during the time they will not make so much llosh and fat from their food as if they wero quiet. West ern l'lowmnu. POULTRY NOTES. One most important thing in tho feeding of chickens is a supply of green food. If they aro being rean'd on a nico piece of juicy grans they can do without anything olso, but even then a supply of fresh lettuces will bo to their benefit. Should there not bo good gras, tho let tuces become indispensable. Young turkeys, although the most hardy of fowls when mature, nro the most sensitivo when young. It will bo woll to keep them at first confined in a dry abed or in somo plnce where they can have room for exercise, nnd they must bo kept free from rnin nnd damp noss, as this will bo sure-death to them. It is a mistako to plnce the roosting polos at dilFeront heights rising from tho front, bocauso all will strive to got on tho highcBt one, and tho weaker ones aro crowded off and frequently fall to tho ground only to repeat tho process, or, if injured, to remain on the ground all night. I'laco all the poles nt the samo elevation. If you do not possess that dosirablo breed of hens that lay all winter, now is tho time to begin to pack eggs for tho winter supply. Gather thorn every day, and pick nono that you aro not abso lutely suro aro perfectly frosh. Wo have found salt the hctt packing material, and tho eggs should bo "lnid down" tho day thoy aro gathered. Keep tho egg box in a dry, cool place, whero tho snlt will not gather dampness. Setting lions should not bo fed whilo on tho ucst. Thoy need all tho exorcise thoy aro Iikoly to got. Too constant setting makes them of bnd disposition, nnd difllcult to ninuago when they como oil' with tho brood. Eggs will stand a wido rangoof tompcrnture without in jury. It is tho your.g geoso that should bo markotod this fall, as they bring a bettor prico than tho old ones, and aro more in demand. In fact, tho old gcoso aro not salable at all, unless by deception, ns thoy aro tough and not easily cooked. Keop tho old ones for breeders. What wo wish to stato is that before you send geese to market got them as fat as can bo, for they will bo more attractive, but a very fat gooso is not as nico as ono in moderate condition. Earth tn the Stable. Nothing will purify and keep a stablo so free from odors as the free uso of dry earth, and every ono keeping horses or cattle will find it pays to keep a heap of it on bund, to be used daily. A fow huvclfuls of earth ecattorod over tho floor after cleaning will render tho air of tho apartments pure and wholesome. The value of tho season V manure pile may bo largely increased by tho free uso of such absorbents. The strength of tho gases and liquids absorbed is re tained, and is the very essence of good manure. Tho Farm Journal has discovered that tho grand requisite of success, without which tho celebrated breeders would bo little distinguished above thoir neighboring farmer, is feeding. It is food and management that make a beautiful specimen of any strain of blood. A skillful feeder may often grow a more perfect individual animal out of a throo-quartor blood than nn indifferent feeder will out of tho longest nnd most fashionable pedigree animal. SUUlon Wonted. Wo havo ti customer for a two or three year old English draft or Olovcland Hay stud. Apply at once, giving prico, Wm. J. Glaukk, Salom, Or. Largest stock patent medicines, pure drugs and medicines et Port's. Selection of Turkeys. Our plan may not find many advo cates among tho breeders of heavy weight turkeys, but nino out of overy ten old turkey breeders will say wo aro right in that. Wo do not strive to got abnormally great size in our breeders, cither male or female, and wo do this for tho vory good reason that tho eggs of the largest hens are not as large, as a rule, as those from fair to good-sized hens, and it i protty generally conceded that for active vitality and suro brooding tho male must not bo too large. It is merely a question of corn and ago as far us size and weight is concerned, or largely eo, for wo havo taken tho com mon scrub turkey and niadothom woigh twenty-live pounds at two years or less of ago. With tho larger breed of turkeys a goodly weight can bo made with very ordinary care and a small amount of food; therein lies the superiority of these good breeds over tho common. Hut in picking out tho hens for next spring's breeding, do not let great weight alone inlluouco you. Good form, flue, short drum sticks nnd tquarc bodies and breasts aro what is wanted. Much tho same with the male in buying, look to tho samo points. Wo havo deemed it necessary to drop thoao words of cau tion, seeing that so many appear to think that tho oxtronio weight possible is the main thing to Ihi desired in breed ing turkeys. Kuty, in Amorican foul try Journal. Ducks. Ducks aro a very pleasant feature of farm yard surroundings. In tho last of tho winter and early spring they are sociable and busy enough, especially ou warm days, and begiu to lay very early. Tho duck almost always lays her egg between six and nino o'clock. So tho flock must bo shut up until all have laid. Wo havo found ducks to do bet tor if they can bo confined at night, in winter, in a shed whero tho horso man nro has been thrown out, than auywhero else. Hurley and oats aro excellent feed for ducks. If these or any grain aro thrown into a shallow tub or trough, they will soak and bo all tho bottor rel ishod. Pekin ducks aro among tho best layon, by far tho best iuouroxperienco, laying not unfrequontly sixty to eighty oggs each, in the spring, and often again in tho autumn, if tho weather is warm. If ducks are not confined at night they will nest in somo hedge-row or secluded spot difllcult to find, and ono will bo como broody after laying Bixteen or twenty eggs, or ns soon as alio has a good clutch. When confined ns wo suggested, they rarely make nests, but drop thoir oggs about anywhere. Ducks aro very fond of watercress, nnd if thoy havo ac cess to tho watercress bed at tho spring, thoro will soon bo nono loft for tho salad bowl. Wiro netting a foot high, will form an effectual barrior. American Agriculturist. Parasitic Pests ot Poultry. Fannio Field recommends catching tho big lice with a pin from the heads of tho chickens. Why not uso a louso- trap callod a fino comb? It is much quicker and moro effectual. I occo saw n little chick nigh unto death, tho pic turo of distress, and unablo to follow the mother. I picked it up, took a comb and found tho top of its head shinglod with theso tormentors. After removing these, I combed out a nest of thoin un dor tho bill, from its back nnd around tho vont. After thoy wero romoved, I greased tho littlo victim's head and un dor tho bill. Whon I put it down it ran gnily after tho mother, not appearing at all liko tho inisornblo object it was a fow moments before. It had no doubt been rcliovcd of a great weight. After tho hen had gono to roost at night, I took tho other chick-B and combed ono or two from each. Fanny will think I am nn unskillful chickon raisor. But I nm not in tho poultry business ; wo keep a few hens to lay eggs. This lion stole hor nost, and took upon horsclf tho respon sibility of roaring n family. lied Mites. I had an oxperionco ono season with red mites, and thnt week of terror wns enough for a lifo timo. Somo of tho family camo in snying, "I'm all alivo with something, nnd I beliovo it is chicken lice, for I havo just boon in tho hen houso nftor tho eggs." I prescribed a bath and tho clothing to oo spread upon tho gooseborry bushes. An experiment was curried out in Franco a fow yours ago todeterminotho rolativo vnluo of lions and ducks hb egg producors. Tlireo birds of each Bort wero selected for tho trial, nnd between the first day of January urnl tho last day of August tho threo hens lnid 257 eggs nnd tho threo ducks -102. More over in tho nutumn of tho previous year tho ducks had produced 215 eggs nftor tho hens had ceased laying altogether. Of courso ono such experiment does not conclusively decido tho rclativo morit of tho lions and ducks, but it shows that tho latter nro not to bo despised as egg producers, nnd thoy aro in many ways less tronblcsomo than chickens, and aro of great uso to destroy slugs and snails in a garden, whero thoy will do no harm if young seedlings aro protected by a few thorns. BREEDERS DIRECTORY. HMALl .illVKUTIiKJItlVTrt like Hie fol. lotting n III be Inserted In our roluiuut, In llirlr proper rlnolilrnllon, for In to fin H year. Including ropy of paper. sTsTLarger spaco chained lor pro rata CATTLE 1. II. LOONEY, Iniltnrtp anil Itriit .jESSaiiJERSEY CATTLE. HE-W H& I till ! trJu 1fluH ..! UulU for i&le, AJdieai or call: Jtt?rson, Or. Iy.ll!) A REED, I'oktund. Osioox. Importer nuil llrerders of Short-Horn Gnttlo. Cottvoldand Leicester Sheep and Ctydetdale lionet, a?S2sEi EST 3&Sg 15. W. (MICKY, Silem, Orrgon. Polled Angus Cattlo. Call and e toy stock, S II E K P. JOHN .11 INTO. Snleiu, Uiin. Breeder ol llll'KOVKD AM EKlCANWtlll.NOSof Span ish liuportatlou and cron breed o( the French and Spanuh stock known In Or. eiron al AMERICAN AIE. Itl.NO a rood lot of Kwet lor Sale a ell as lUma. I'rlcealn accordance with the market Correspondence to'lcitnl, .', J1 I), M. GUTHRIE. Italia, lire. er and Breeder Spanlth, French or American Mer lno. Send (or Price etc. in Impom SHIlOrsiIlUE SHEET and ESSEX IIOOS, Import' ed and bred by 12 Until, WhlteaWcr, Or SWINE. PURE BERKSHIRES. K.l-.U ALLEY Halcni, Or,. Ilai a thoroughbred Registered Vie. Call or tend lor my rrlcee. Farm U tit mile aouihol Salem on old stage road. MISCELLANEOUS. GEO. 1). GOOIrllUE, SALEM, . OtlEGO.V, ' The Leading WYANDOTTE and BROWN LEOIIOK3 Breeder or tn aorta eit. Endow tnp (or circular. W. Jersey Calll for Sale. k & JMMtt V Send lor Price Ustol Apiary Supplies 1TAL1AX BICS and tll'EKXS. address lor Catalogue D. KAUKKHAN. XlUT, ClacaauusCo ,OrJ AGUE MIXTURE. A CERTAIN AND EFFECTUAL REMEDY rem Fever and Ague, Intermittent anil Remittent Fevers, iCc. Thttcl&it of dlieaici to common In alt parti of the World, and especially prevalent In ma larloui dlitrlcti and vlclnago of iratcr-oouriot, are almost Invariably accompanied by more or let derangement of tho llrcr, and frequently by a defecttvo action of tho dlgoitlvo orgnni. Tho mcro breaking of tbo Chill Is but a itcp towards completing a radical euro; tho varloui organ of tho body, especially tho stomach a"... llrcr, muit be brought to a healthy and vigor ous condition boforo a permanent cure can be 'established, and this fact hat been specially kept In view by Dr. Jayno In bis treatment of theso complaints. Tho uto of Jayno's Aguo Mixture, tn conjunction with Jayno' Eanattrs Tills, at proscribed In tho Directions nblch accompany each bottle, trill not onl BREAK UP THE CHILLS, but restoro tho tyttern, moro particularly lit liver and stomach, to a sound condition, and so prevent a relapio of Fovcr and Ague by thor oughly ERADICATING THE DISEASE, and tho best cvldenco of this I tho Invariable success which has always followed tho admin Istratlon of theio remedies, as attested by th certificates published annually In Dr. Jayno's Almanac, and tho wldo-sprcad popularity of the Aguo Mlxturo In thoso districts of tho United States, where tho diseases, for which It Is adapted, most prevail. t For 8ale b) Sncll, llltihu i WooJard, Portland. Mirnciii!, THE SPECIALIST, No. 11 Kearny St., San Francisco, Cal. Taurs Alt. Qmoxic, SrrciJb axu 1'rivaib DurjWM wirii woxdhmti, Si'cceis. 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