'"-. mMdv 'MMf s
VOL,. XVI.
om&Jtmilcnci
Write for Your Paper.
Washouoal, W. T., Aug. 21, 1SS4.
Editor Willamette Farmer:
I believe I promised a long time ago
to write for your paper "our paper." I
beliove it to bo a moral and social duty
for every human being having arrived
nt maturity, to do somothing for the
benefit of humanity, so that it may be
said of us whon we go hence : The world
has been the better for our having lied
in it. Every little whilo a subject pre
sents itself to my mind and something
seems to say, you must write an article
on that subject for tho Farmer. And
so herewith I sencLyou ono for publica
tion. I many times wonder why it is
that comparatively few of tho patrons of
the paper wiito for it. But doubtless
my friends think the enmo of me, and
so I will cease to wonder. But I do like
to read letters from my brother farmers.
Hope they will awaken to a sense of
duty as I have done and hope to prove.
Among the eight weeklies we take thero
is none more anxiously looked for than
the Willamette Farmer.
Yours truly, II. S. Marisle.
Note. Correct Bro. Marble; write us
on any subject that is proper and wo
will appreciate it. Farmers should read
and writo for and patronize their farm
papers more. What wo want is an inter
change of ideas by all, and some good
always comes of-it. Ed.
Wllnolt Springs.
Oregon' City, Aug. IS, 1SS1.
Editor Willamette Farmor:
Thirty miles from Oregon City, foity
from Salem, is this already famed resort
Hid away among tho western foot-hills
of the Coscudu mountains, at an eleva
tion of 3000 feet abovo the lcvol of tho
soa, the fresh air redolent with tho
spicy fragranco of forest trees, brings
new life and vigor to those weary of
work and toil. Gigantic firs clotho the
hills that rise like walls on every side.
An avenue of young maplo leads tho
way into this ictreat. A hotel, fresh
with paint, surrounded by low porches,
first claims ones attention. Close by is
a well kept garden, promising all man
ner of palatable dishes. A storo and
postofneo stands near ; while directly in
front, separated only by a grassy lawn,
are tho Soda Springs. A Hag, floating
out tho national emblems, marks tho
the spot. Ju-t back of it aro the bot
tling works and bath house. On the
green slope beyond, white tents, a score
perhaps, betok- n campers. Still further
an immense xwing, filled with happy
children, circle around. Then no
stand at the l-uir.ince to a grovo, whoo
b3auty is Beldom equalled; tall fiis,
straight as needles, spiead a leafy cau
Ojiy ; underneath which a grass-carrot.nl
floor, bereft of all underbrush, forms a
favorite camping ground. Rock creek
dividing here embraces two sides of the
enclosure, and rippling gently oer peb
bles in its fringed beauty enhances tho
scene. To those tired of duit, work and
wony this is a second " val ha'la."
Invalids lind quiet and repose, beside
a grateful elixir in tho soda water that
bubbles up in foamy sparkles from soino
unknown depth. Tho water has a far
different taste when drank from tho
springs than when takou bottled.
Its beneficial proporties consist of
chloride of sodium, 201 part; carbon
ate of soda, S7 parts ; carbonate of mag
nesia, So parts ; carbonate of lime, 32
parts; protoxide of iron, 0 parts; sul
phate of toda, ." parts; sulphate of
magnesia, 1 part. Persons suffering
from kidney complaints, dropsy and
erysipelas derive much benefit from thebe
springs. Dyspepsia, skin and nervous
diseases are alro cured by bathing and
by drinking tho water. In fact almost
cverj diease may at least be yniligated
with the. exception perhaps of tbrost,
lung and neuralgiac troubles.
The hotel, presided over by Mr. Mc-
SALEM, OREGON, FRIDAY,
Ler.tu, is well kept ; neatnev, oidcr and
a good tablo being his specialties. The
rooms, twenty-two in number, aro com
fortable and a vast improvement over
former years. No hoodlumism is allow
ed, and whilo some demur nt the strict
order kopt, yet no reasonable boing could
wish otherwise. No liquors aro sold
within tho grounds; this water is a cure
for inebriety. More than ono case is
mentioned where a cure has been effect
ed by substituting the soda water for
liquor. It i3 also affirmed that a person
loses his taste for ardents after residing
here for a time and drinking this miner
al water. If true it is an aid to tompci
ance. Nearly 15,000 dozen bottles aie
sold during the year. Tho proprietor
states that there is constantly in
creasing demand for it in saloons ; and
that it is largoly used as a drink in place
of indent spirits. This is tho only
water in tho State that contains suffici
ent raibonic acid gas so that it can bo
bottled. Tho springs, of which there
aro seven, are owned by Labbe Bros.,
aul MoLcran Bros., of Portland. These
gentlemen hold 200 acres of land, on
one part of which a vein of soft bitum
inous coal has been discovered. People
from all parts of the State visit this
place during the summer months. Cer
tainly in beauty aud healthfulness it
would bo hard to bo rivalled.
" Sapphire."
Gamming on Horse Races.
Washouoal, W. T., Aug. 24, 1SS 1.
L'dilor Willamette Farmer :
Is it right for Agricultural Firs to
encourage gambling? Do they not vii
tually do it by giving piomiums for tho
fleetest horses? Do they not know that
there is alw ays moro or less betting on
hoi so races? And what is that but
gambling?
I am an old man, in my sovenly-fifth
year. Since early manhood I hao been
opposed to ovcry species of gambling,
and betting is ceitainlya species of it.
I have long sinco quit patronizing fairs;
when they purge themselves from tho
evil of gambling I will take hold afresh;
I am nut willing to put monoy
into tho hands of those who pay it
out in a way calculated to cnoourage
evil. I believe it is right to lho up
to tho Aoostolic injunction : "rihun
overy appearance of ovil." What do
farmers need of race horses? They want
good substantial horses for work; speed
is not required on tho farm. I ask both
ocs todook at this matter candidly. If
you do, I feel that you will lesolutely
set your faces against this ovil. Don't
do winng because it is custom. It is too
late in the nineteenth century to do
homage at tho shrine of 'St. Custom."
Do right, because it is right, reeaidlcs
of what people may say. Let tho-o who
will run hor-es for money do so else
where. It appears to mo to bo as much
out of place at agricultural fairs as any
other kind of gambling, or even tko sel
ling of intoxicating drinks on the fair
grounds. If any reader thinks I am in
the wrong let him show wherein, and if
I can't BUjtain my ioitioii by good
reason I am much mistaken.
Hiram S. Marble.
THE "BOSS" THRESHER,
Tho "Xew MuslUlon" Heard Frcm.
Filverov, Oro., Aug. 14, 1S83.
We, the undersigned, liavo this day
seen tho "New Massillon" 33-inch
Separator and .Russell Ten-Horse Self
steering Traction Kngine (purchased by
W. G. Daws of T. B. Wait) run, and pro
nouncoittho best threshing outfit we
havo ever seen. It threshed fast, and
can't bo beat separating and cleaning.
A. Coolidce fc Co., C. McAtri.v
Jons Raijw,i Q. A. Marsiwas'kh,
F. MrCij".v, W". H. Tunny,
C. Stall, .Toux Daws,
H. T. VOV VOLKE.VIIEGE.
I concur in tho abovo statement.
W.G. Daw.
A colored man named Solomon Titus
Clark wai tried in Oregon City.for being
drunk nnd disorJorly. The iuryj after
being out two daj s and nights, found
him not guilty.
THE ELECTORIAL COLLEGE
Comparatively few voteis aro awaro
of tho modus opeiaudi of olcting a
president and vice-president of tho
United States. They understand that on
election day they go to their voting
places and doposit a ballot containing a
mimbor of names equal to tho whole
number of senators and representatives
in Congress from their State ; that the
men for whom they voto on that ticket
aro expected to voto for coitain candi
dates fo" president and vice-president,
providing tho ticket on which they run
has a majority or plurality in tho State,
and if enough States voto in accordance
with their political ideas, thon the can
didates whom they favor aio chosen to
fill tho presidential and vice-presidential
chairs respectively. But tho paiticulars
they do not know.
In tho first place tho Constitution of
tho United States provides that each
State, as above mentioned, shall have as
many votes for president and vice-president
as it has senator and representatives
in Congress. Massachusetts, forinstanco,
has two senators and twelve representa
tives; hence sho possesses fourteon
electorial votes, the aggrcgato of all tho
State, being, by the way, 401. Tho
Legislature of the State is authorized by
tho Constitution of the Union to pre
scribe tho method of electing tho men
who are to cat the vote of the State
for president and vice-president, so that
the Legislature, of any State could to-day,
if it saw fit, decide to chooso tho electors
itself, and, in fact, that custom prevailed
until 1S24. Since that time, howeer,
in pursuance of laws passed by the vari
ous Legislatures, tho electors hue been
chosen by popular vote.
Any porson having the right to vote
for a member of tho House of Reprcsen
tati es in a State Legislature is entitled to
voto for presidential doctors in that State.
A United States statue, howovor, fixes a
uniform day of election for eory State
in tho Union '-the next'Tuo-day after
tno nrht Monday in j.ovoniLer in ovciy
fourth year succeeding every election of
a president and vicc-picsident." On tho
first Wcdnosday in December tho poisons
(fouitecn in Massachusetts) who havo
received tho highcbt number of votes at
tho polls on election diy, as cortified to
by proper authorities, meet in accuidanco
with United States law at a place desig
nated by the State law generally the
Stato House and ballot for president
and vico-president. Usually this is a
inoio formality, ab for instance, 'if tho
llepulicans hae carried tho Stato tho
electors chosen will bo Republicans and
will vote for the Republican candidates,
and if tho Democrats have been ic
torious in tho Stato tho electors "chosen
will vote for the Democratic candidates.
Although thoro is nothing but a moial
obligation binding any elector to voto
for his party's candidates, an elector who
votes otherwise is something almo-t
unhe.ud of. The theory on which tho
fathers proceeded in arranging for a
choice by electors selected by tho people
instead of by a direct choice by tho
people was that tho ablest men in tho
State would bo chosen for electors ; men
who would be 11104 capable of making
a wi-o choice for president without ro
g.ud to party tic. In pincties, however
they always vote for the candid ites of
tho pirty by which they aro chosen.
Kach State, too, generally casts its
entire voto for the candicatoof one party,
though now and then n fusion of two
parties occur, when each by ngrecniciit
puis a certain numbor of names on tho
ticket to bo supported by tho people,
and the voters of each element in tho
fusion vote tho entire ticket, and if tho
ticket is chosen, then at the meeting of
tho electors elected they individually
voto for tho nominees of the party to
which they belong.
After tho elector havo. met and cast
their votes tboso for President and
Vice-President being recorded separately
and distine'ly they make out thrco set
AUGUST 2, 1884.
of certificates, containing the number of
votes given by them for u cimlidato or
candidates. Ono set is sent by them in
care of a mosenger to the President of
the Scnato at Washington, another sot
is mailed by them to tho same officer,
and tho thud is deposited with tho
judge in tho district where they meet.
Tho certificates sent by messenger must
reach Washington on or before the first
Wednesday in January next following
the election, else a messenger is sent to
tho electors by tho President of the Sen
ate. On the second Wodnesday in Febm
ary tho President of the Senate, in tho
prcsonco of tho Senato nnd House of
Representatives, opens tho cortificatos
from all the States, nnd tho votos for tho
various candidates for President aro
then counted. There are 401 votes in
all. If any ono candidate has a major
ity 201 he is doclaiod President, and
tho same is truo of the candidate for
Vice-President. But if no candidate for
President has tho necessary 201, then
the three highest candidates aro takon
and the House of Representatives elects
one of theso three for Piesidont. Tho
representatives do not voto individually,
however, but by States, tho candidate
who is tho choice of a majority of tho
representatives of tho Stato receiving tho
voto of that State, and each Stato hav
ing but ono voto. In tho present Con
gress, tho Democtats having a majority
of the representatives in half tho State,
the Democratio candidato would this
year bo ehclod if tho contest were
tin own into tho House.
For Vice-President, in case tho coitifi
cntes show u majority for no ono candi
date, then the two highest on tho list
are taken, and from theso tho Senate,
voting by individuals, selects one, who is
thus elected Viee-Pichident. Hence,
this year, tho Republicans having a ma
jority in the Senate, if the election were
thrown into the Senato, tho Ropublirun
caiKimaio lor leo-rreaitiont would ho
electod.
ALIEN PAUPERS
The United States has always received
with hospitality able bodied emigrants
from every country of Kuiopo, and it
will always pursuo this policy in tho
future. It matters not how poor in puiso
the immigrant may bo when ho arrives
hero if hois able and willing to work and
to support himself and those dependent
upon him hero without becoming a
public chargo ho is outitkd to land and
takes chancos with tho rest of our people.
But neither law, public policy, hospital
ity nor charity requires that continued
paupers or helpless dependent from
Lurope shall bo received by this country
only to become a burden and a tax on
the public. On the contrary, oery con
sideration demands that aliens of this
kind shall not bo cencournged to como
hero, and wo have a law on tho national
statute book designed to meet this evil.
Tlie Romance of Reality,
The romanoo of Groely expedition,
however completely the history may be
written, can never bo told. Tho suffering
and privations, iiltornato days of hope
and despair, the heroism of tho little
band of btirvivors in that Arctic climate,
battling with tho elements in the awful
winter of thepnlar legion, form a ro
mance more thrilling than any fiction
ever published.
When the little band of survivors were
found Iving under their frail shelter
they were so much omaciatod by hunger
and wasted by privation that it was not
prudent to allow them to satisfy their
uppttitc, and they wero fed in small
quantities with dried pemmican, crackers
und brandy. This only added to their
dosire for food, and they asked for moro.
Upon being rofiibod they appealed in
piteous tones for moro. Utit prudence
forbade and they wore kindly but firmly
refused. Those who had strength to rue,
fell on their knees and implored their
rescuers to grant tho rcquut, but, though
NO. 2).
it was a difficult thing to do, they were
denied. As an cxamplo of the devotion
of the men to their commander, it may
be stated tint even though their desire
for food was ns great as his, they lagged
that his request might not bo denied,
and uiged them to lespect an otlicor of
tho navy.
Lieutenant Greoly, though not able
to move, was as urgont in his petition
for food as any of the men, but ho had
to bo donicd ; and at last, finding his re
quest not likely t" bo gi anted, took from
beneath his resting-place a can of tho
filthy sealskin soup, and doclnrod if ho
could get nothing bettor ho would eat
that. This was gently takon from him,
but ho pioducod another, which was also
secured. At last driven to dcspeuilion
by tho temptation to cat, betook another
can fiom the same receptacle and placed
it beneath him, dadaiing that ho would
not give it up. This was scoured by
strategy. Ho wasoll'erod some good food
if ho woulel give up the can, which he
del But tho poinmican wis withheld
fiom him. It was a hard thing for the
rescuers to do, but necessity demanded
it.
A touching sloij is related of ono of
the poor fellows now dead, who upon
finding in a cache made by Lieutenant
Culuwoll, among bedding, clothing, etc.,
a uuifoun coat with tho name of Cald
well upon it, and bolioving tho officer to
bo doad, carefully cut oft tho braiel and
buttons from the garment, folded thorn
up in a little paekauo to bring them
homo to tho friends of that nllieer. These
weio found among the eH'octs. of tho
dead mnn by Lieutenant Caldwell him
self. Such nets a this touch tho heart nnd
dim tho eyes with team as we see in our
own eiieles k many evidences of selfish
ness. The long and lonely Arctic winter
with the diys if idleness wero spout in
eveiy conceivable occupation and iiiuimi'
nieiit calculated to diiwi away thoughts
that were saddened by tho comparison
of pic.-ont purioiiniling with tho crowding
memories of a happy pit. . Tho old
greasy pack of cards, tho well-thumbed
book and woin pimphlct, all terved to
while away iininv a weary hour. In emu
instance bonie newspapers which had
been toin in pieces to wrap mound some
lemons wero carefully preserved, and
fitted together piece by pieco and
when it had beon read on ono hido
thoroughly it was turned over and fitted
together on tho other side.
All theso incidents.liltlo in llicimolvcs,
foim chapters of inten-n interest thatcim
never be fully ritten c e.i by the sullerei s
themselves. They cannot bo described,
they must havo been opcricnn d to be
understood. Evehangc.
LEGAL ADVERTISING.
The que-tion was asked us recently:
'What do you chargo for legal adver
tisements?" Finding our friend meant
bushiest wo told him, and ho was quite
sin prised. There seems to bo a dispo
sition among people to think that they
must insert it in ccitaiu papers, 'flint
is wrong. Any , paper of a general cir
culation is eligible to publish a legal
notico in jut so it is print" il in tho
proper coui.'y. Again, we find a dispo
sition on the part of many papers to
overcharge for advertisements of a legal
nature. To be sine they must bo treated
with moro care than ordinary advertis
ing matter. Hut anyway what is "worth
doing at all is woith doing well."
We are propaied to do all such work
and will do it at the following prices
which havo always been our Miles
Appointiiientofadministiator.rtc., ifa.fiO.
Notico of final settlement, 3.50; hum
mons in divorce cases, from ?J to .f S ;
.Summons in other casos, according to
length. The samo rule applies to sher
iff's sales. The rate on such largo ads
can bo estimated at 42 for each 10 lines.
Kstrays and taking up of stock, .11 to
f 3..10. It takes eight words to make n
line, so any ono can estimate about what
a notico -rill make. Other advertise
ments infcertcd bv contract.
Homy C. Low U, of Cold water. Mich..
dioil on Monday. He had the finest
private art gallery in tho world, contain
ing lfiO'J hubjocts, including 400 orig
inals, the whole worth over half a mi'lii n
dollurs. '
Cincinnati hlehwines distillers are
considering thi projKisitin to close down
4t . liMIU il IVIIUIU fcllU UlU(l'l