'"-. mMdv 'MMf s VOL,. XVI. om&Jtmilcnci Write for Your Paper. Washouoal, W. T., Aug. 21, 1SS4. Editor Willamette Farmer: I believe I promised a long time ago to write for your paper "our paper." I beliove it to bo a moral and social duty for every human being having arrived nt maturity, to do somothing for the benefit of humanity, so that it may be said of us whon we go hence : The world has been the better for our having lied in it. Every little whilo a subject pre sents itself to my mind and something seems to say, you must write an article on that subject for tho Farmer. And so herewith I sencLyou ono for publica tion. I many times wonder why it is that comparatively few of tho patrons of the paper wiito for it. But doubtless my friends think the enmo of me, and so I will cease to wonder. But I do like to read letters from my brother farmers. Hope they will awaken to a sense of duty as I have done and hope to prove. Among the eight weeklies we take thero is none more anxiously looked for than the Willamette Farmer. Yours truly, II. S. Marisle. Note. Correct Bro. Marble; write us on any subject that is proper and wo will appreciate it. Farmers should read and writo for and patronize their farm papers more. What wo want is an inter change of ideas by all, and some good always comes of-it. Ed. Wllnolt Springs. Oregon' City, Aug. IS, 1SS1. Editor Willamette Farmor: Thirty miles from Oregon City, foity from Salem, is this already famed resort Hid away among tho western foot-hills of the Coscudu mountains, at an eleva tion of 3000 feet abovo the lcvol of tho soa, the fresh air redolent with tho spicy fragranco of forest trees, brings new life and vigor to those weary of work and toil. Gigantic firs clotho the hills that rise like walls on every side. An avenue of young maplo leads tho way into this ictreat. A hotel, fresh with paint, surrounded by low porches, first claims ones attention. Close by is a well kept garden, promising all man ner of palatable dishes. A storo and postofneo stands near ; while directly in front, separated only by a grassy lawn, are tho Soda Springs. A Hag, floating out tho national emblems, marks tho the spot. Ju-t back of it aro the bot tling works and bath house. On the green slope beyond, white tents, a score perhaps, betok- n campers. Still further an immense xwing, filled with happy children, circle around. Then no stand at the l-uir.ince to a grovo, whoo b3auty is Beldom equalled; tall fiis, straight as needles, spiead a leafy cau Ojiy ; underneath which a grass-carrot.nl floor, bereft of all underbrush, forms a favorite camping ground. Rock creek dividing here embraces two sides of the enclosure, and rippling gently oer peb bles in its fringed beauty enhances tho scene. To those tired of duit, work and wony this is a second " val ha'la." Invalids lind quiet and repose, beside a grateful elixir in tho soda water that bubbles up in foamy sparkles from soino unknown depth. Tho water has a far different taste when drank from tho springs than when takou bottled. Its beneficial proporties consist of chloride of sodium, 201 part; carbon ate of soda, S7 parts ; carbonate of mag nesia, So parts ; carbonate of lime, 32 parts; protoxide of iron, 0 parts; sul phate of toda, ." parts; sulphate of magnesia, 1 part. Persons suffering from kidney complaints, dropsy and erysipelas derive much benefit from thebe springs. Dyspepsia, skin and nervous diseases are alro cured by bathing and by drinking tho water. In fact almost cverj diease may at least be yniligated with the. exception perhaps of tbrost, lung and neuralgiac troubles. The hotel, presided over by Mr. Mc- SALEM, OREGON, FRIDAY, Ler.tu, is well kept ; neatnev, oidcr and a good tablo being his specialties. The rooms, twenty-two in number, aro com fortable and a vast improvement over former years. No hoodlumism is allow ed, and whilo some demur nt the strict order kopt, yet no reasonable boing could wish otherwise. No liquors aro sold within tho grounds; this water is a cure for inebriety. More than ono case is mentioned where a cure has been effect ed by substituting the soda water for liquor. It i3 also affirmed that a person loses his taste for ardents after residing here for a time and drinking this miner al water. If true it is an aid to tompci ance. Nearly 15,000 dozen bottles aie sold during the year. Tho proprietor states that there is constantly in creasing demand for it in saloons ; and that it is largoly used as a drink in place of indent spirits. This is tho only water in tho State that contains suffici ent raibonic acid gas so that it can bo bottled. Tho springs, of which there aro seven, are owned by Labbe Bros., aul MoLcran Bros., of Portland. These gentlemen hold 200 acres of land, on one part of which a vein of soft bitum inous coal has been discovered. People from all parts of the State visit this place during the summer months. Cer tainly in beauty aud healthfulness it would bo hard to bo rivalled. " Sapphire." Gamming on Horse Races. Washouoal, W. T., Aug. 24, 1SS 1. L'dilor Willamette Farmer : Is it right for Agricultural Firs to encourage gambling? Do they not vii tually do it by giving piomiums for tho fleetest horses? Do they not know that there is alw ays moro or less betting on hoi so races? And what is that but gambling? I am an old man, in my sovenly-fifth year. Since early manhood I hao been opposed to ovcry species of gambling, and betting is ceitainlya species of it. I have long sinco quit patronizing fairs; when they purge themselves from tho evil of gambling I will take hold afresh; I am nut willing to put monoy into tho hands of those who pay it out in a way calculated to cnoourage evil. I believe it is right to lho up to tho Aoostolic injunction : "rihun overy appearance of ovil." What do farmers need of race horses? They want good substantial horses for work; speed is not required on tho farm. I ask both ocs todook at this matter candidly. If you do, I feel that you will lesolutely set your faces against this ovil. Don't do winng because it is custom. It is too late in the nineteenth century to do homage at tho shrine of 'St. Custom." Do right, because it is right, reeaidlcs of what people may say. Let tho-o who will run hor-es for money do so else where. It appears to mo to bo as much out of place at agricultural fairs as any other kind of gambling, or even tko sel ling of intoxicating drinks on the fair grounds. If any reader thinks I am in the wrong let him show wherein, and if I can't BUjtain my ioitioii by good reason I am much mistaken. Hiram S. Marble. THE "BOSS" THRESHER, Tho "Xew MuslUlon" Heard Frcm. Filverov, Oro., Aug. 14, 1S83. We, the undersigned, liavo this day seen tho "New Massillon" 33-inch Separator and .Russell Ten-Horse Self steering Traction Kngine (purchased by W. G. Daws of T. B. Wait) run, and pro nouncoittho best threshing outfit we havo ever seen. It threshed fast, and can't bo beat separating and cleaning. A. Coolidce fc Co., C. McAtri.v Jons Raijw,i Q. A. Marsiwas'kh, F. MrCij".v, W". H. Tunny, C. Stall, .Toux Daws, H. T. VOV VOLKE.VIIEGE. I concur in tho abovo statement. W.G. Daw. A colored man named Solomon Titus Clark wai tried in Oregon City.for being drunk nnd disorJorly. The iuryj after being out two daj s and nights, found him not guilty. THE ELECTORIAL COLLEGE Comparatively few voteis aro awaro of tho modus opeiaudi of olcting a president and vice-president of tho United States. They understand that on election day they go to their voting places and doposit a ballot containing a mimbor of names equal to tho whole number of senators and representatives in Congress from their State ; that the men for whom they voto on that ticket aro expected to voto for coitain candi dates fo" president and vice-president, providing tho ticket on which they run has a majority or plurality in tho State, and if enough States voto in accordance with their political ideas, thon the can didates whom they favor aio chosen to fill tho presidential and vice-presidential chairs respectively. But tho paiticulars they do not know. In tho first place tho Constitution of tho United States provides that each State, as above mentioned, shall have as many votes for president and vice-president as it has senator and representatives in Congress. Massachusetts, forinstanco, has two senators and twelve representa tives; hence sho possesses fourteon electorial votes, the aggrcgato of all tho State, being, by the way, 401. Tho Legislature of the State is authorized by tho Constitution of the Union to pre scribe tho method of electing tho men who are to cat the vote of the State for president and vice-president, so that the Legislature, of any State could to-day, if it saw fit, decide to chooso tho electors itself, and, in fact, that custom prevailed until 1S24. Since that time, howeer, in pursuance of laws passed by the vari ous Legislatures, tho electors hue been chosen by popular vote. Any porson having the right to vote for a member of tho House of Reprcsen tati es in a State Legislature is entitled to voto for presidential doctors in that State. A United States statue, howovor, fixes a uniform day of election for eory State in tho Union '-the next'Tuo-day after tno nrht Monday in j.ovoniLer in ovciy fourth year succeeding every election of a president and vicc-picsident." On tho first Wcdnosday in December tho poisons (fouitecn in Massachusetts) who havo received tho highcbt number of votes at tho polls on election diy, as cortified to by proper authorities, meet in accuidanco with United States law at a place desig nated by the State law generally the Stato House and ballot for president and vico-president. Usually this is a inoio formality, ab for instance, 'if tho llepulicans hae carried tho Stato tho electors chosen will bo Republicans and will vote for the Republican candidates, and if tho Democrats have been ic torious in tho Stato tho electors "chosen will vote for the Democratic candidates. Although thoro is nothing but a moial obligation binding any elector to voto for his party's candidates, an elector who votes otherwise is something almo-t unhe.ud of. The theory on which tho fathers proceeded in arranging for a choice by electors selected by tho people instead of by a direct choice by tho people was that tho ablest men in tho State would bo chosen for electors ; men who would be 11104 capable of making a wi-o choice for president without ro g.ud to party tic. In pincties, however they always vote for the candid ites of tho pirty by which they aro chosen. Kach State, too, generally casts its entire voto for the candicatoof one party, though now and then n fusion of two parties occur, when each by ngrecniciit puis a certain numbor of names on tho ticket to bo supported by tho people, and the voters of each element in tho fusion vote tho entire ticket, and if tho ticket is chosen, then at the meeting of tho electors elected they individually voto for tho nominees of the party to which they belong. After tho elector havo. met and cast their votes tboso for President and Vice-President being recorded separately and distine'ly they make out thrco set AUGUST 2, 1884. of certificates, containing the number of votes given by them for u cimlidato or candidates. Ono set is sent by them in care of a mosenger to the President of the Scnato at Washington, another sot is mailed by them to tho same officer, and tho thud is deposited with tho judge in tho district where they meet. Tho certificates sent by messenger must reach Washington on or before the first Wednesday in January next following the election, else a messenger is sent to tho electors by tho President of the Sen ate. On the second Wodnesday in Febm ary tho President of the Senate, in tho prcsonco of tho Senato nnd House of Representatives, opens tho cortificatos from all the States, nnd tho votos for tho various candidates for President aro then counted. There are 401 votes in all. If any ono candidate has a major ity 201 he is doclaiod President, and tho same is truo of the candidate for Vice-President. But if no candidate for President has tho necessary 201, then the three highest candidates aro takon and the House of Representatives elects one of theso three for Piesidont. Tho representatives do not voto individually, however, but by States, tho candidate who is tho choice of a majority of tho representatives of tho Stato receiving tho voto of that State, and each Stato hav ing but ono voto. In tho present Con gress, tho Democtats having a majority of the representatives in half tho State, the Democratio candidato would this year bo ehclod if tho contest were tin own into tho House. For Vice-President, in case tho coitifi cntes show u majority for no ono candi date, then the two highest on tho list are taken, and from theso tho Senate, voting by individuals, selects one, who is thus elected Viee-Pichident. Hence, this year, tho Republicans having a ma jority in the Senate, if the election were thrown into the Senato, tho Ropublirun caiKimaio lor leo-rreaitiont would ho electod. ALIEN PAUPERS The United States has always received with hospitality able bodied emigrants from every country of Kuiopo, and it will always pursuo this policy in tho future. It matters not how poor in puiso the immigrant may bo when ho arrives hero if hois able and willing to work and to support himself and those dependent upon him hero without becoming a public chargo ho is outitkd to land and takes chancos with tho rest of our people. But neither law, public policy, hospital ity nor charity requires that continued paupers or helpless dependent from Lurope shall bo received by this country only to become a burden and a tax on the public. On the contrary, oery con sideration demands that aliens of this kind shall not bo cencournged to como hero, and wo have a law on tho national statute book designed to meet this evil. Tlie Romance of Reality, The romanoo of Groely expedition, however completely the history may be written, can never bo told. Tho suffering and privations, iiltornato days of hope and despair, the heroism of tho little band of btirvivors in that Arctic climate, battling with tho elements in the awful winter of thepnlar legion, form a ro mance more thrilling than any fiction ever published. When the little band of survivors were found Iving under their frail shelter they were so much omaciatod by hunger and wasted by privation that it was not prudent to allow them to satisfy their uppttitc, and they wero fed in small quantities with dried pemmican, crackers und brandy. This only added to their dosire for food, and they asked for moro. Upon being rofiibod they appealed in piteous tones for moro. Utit prudence forbade and they wore kindly but firmly refused. Those who had strength to rue, fell on their knees and implored their rescuers to grant tho rcquut, but, though NO. 2). it was a difficult thing to do, they were denied. As an cxamplo of the devotion of the men to their commander, it may be stated tint even though their desire for food was ns great as his, they lagged that his request might not bo denied, and uiged them to lespect an otlicor of tho navy. Lieutenant Greoly, though not able to move, was as urgont in his petition for food as any of the men, but ho had to bo donicd ; and at last, finding his re quest not likely t" bo gi anted, took from beneath his resting-place a can of tho filthy sealskin soup, and doclnrod if ho could get nothing bettor ho would eat that. This was gently takon from him, but ho pioducod another, which was also secured. At last driven to dcspeuilion by tho temptation to cat, betook another can fiom the same receptacle and placed it beneath him, dadaiing that ho would not give it up. This was scoured by strategy. Ho wasoll'erod some good food if ho woulel give up the can, which he del But tho poinmican wis withheld fiom him. It was a hard thing for the rescuers to do, but necessity demanded it. A touching sloij is related of ono of the poor fellows now dead, who upon finding in a cache made by Lieutenant Culuwoll, among bedding, clothing, etc., a uuifoun coat with tho name of Cald well upon it, and bolioving tho officer to bo doad, carefully cut oft tho braiel and buttons from the garment, folded thorn up in a little paekauo to bring them homo to tho friends of that nllieer. These weio found among the eH'octs. of tho dead mnn by Lieutenant Caldwell him self. Such nets a this touch tho heart nnd dim tho eyes with team as we see in our own eiieles k many evidences of selfish ness. The long and lonely Arctic winter with the diys if idleness wero spout in eveiy conceivable occupation and iiiuimi' nieiit calculated to diiwi away thoughts that were saddened by tho comparison of pic.-ont purioiiniling with tho crowding memories of a happy pit. . Tho old greasy pack of cards, tho well-thumbed book and woin pimphlct, all terved to while away iininv a weary hour. In emu instance bonie newspapers which had been toin in pieces to wrap mound some lemons wero carefully preserved, and fitted together piece by pieco and when it had beon read on ono hido thoroughly it was turned over and fitted together on tho other side. All theso incidents.liltlo in llicimolvcs, foim chapters of inten-n interest thatcim never be fully ritten c e.i by the sullerei s themselves. They cannot bo described, they must havo been opcricnn d to be understood. Evehangc. LEGAL ADVERTISING. The que-tion was asked us recently: 'What do you chargo for legal adver tisements?" Finding our friend meant bushiest wo told him, and ho was quite sin prised. There seems to bo a dispo sition among people to think that they must insert it in ccitaiu papers, 'flint is wrong. Any , paper of a general cir culation is eligible to publish a legal notico in jut so it is print" il in tho proper coui.'y. Again, we find a dispo sition on the part of many papers to overcharge for advertisements of a legal nature. To be sine they must bo treated with moro care than ordinary advertis ing matter. Hut anyway what is "worth doing at all is woith doing well." We are propaied to do all such work and will do it at the following prices which havo always been our Miles Appointiiientofadministiator.rtc., ifa.fiO. Notico of final settlement, 3.50; hum mons in divorce cases, from ?J to .f S ; .Summons in other casos, according to length. The samo rule applies to sher iff's sales. The rate on such largo ads can bo estimated at 42 for each 10 lines. Kstrays and taking up of stock, .11 to f 3..10. It takes eight words to make n line, so any ono can estimate about what a notico -rill make. Other advertise ments infcertcd bv contract. Homy C. Low U, of Cold water. Mich.. dioil on Monday. He had the finest private art gallery in tho world, contain ing lfiO'J hubjocts, including 400 orig inals, the whole worth over half a mi'lii n dollurs. ' Cincinnati hlehwines distillers are considering thi projKisitin to close down 4t . liMIU il IVIIUIU fcllU UlU(l'l