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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (May 2, 1884)
fIfl-"K " I 1 ( j r ; M B4t- jrv, ! ' M J" ' ' B ftS W ..' r, ;v '-. s ft $ .., kf IK' i a-. .? p i 2 t.-SL & & 4' 4 WILLAMETTE FAKMEB: SALEM, OREGON, MAY 2, 1884 issued every Week by the iXrilAAMKTTK FAKHEB PCBUSULNO CO. W ipnm on- KIII1SCRIPTION. One year, (Portage paid). In advance 2.00 Mx months, (Postage paid), In advance.. I. t. thin itx monthi will be. per month ADVEUSIS1NQ KATES : Advertisements will be Inserted, providing tn ....M at tho fMlnwtnir felilft of rates! One Inch 0 space per month t 2.60 ftirce Inches of space per month j- r ne-tall column per month JS'JS On column per month 1,ra C3Laatnpie copies sens ire. uu ijjwh. Publication Office: No. 6 Washington Street Up lain, rooms No. 6 and 6J Notice to Subscribers. We publish only a sufficient number ol the Farxkr to supply actual prepaid subscriber and we cannot sup ply back numbers. tl It Is desired by subscribers to secure all Issues they ust arrango to send In their renewals In ample time roach tnls offleo bcloro expiration. WAN subscribers can tell by the printed tag onta rthelr paper exactly when their tlrao will cxplre.lEJ another Important point: AMj COMMUNICATIONS AND LETTERS SHOULD BE ADDRESSED TO THE 'WIM.VMr.TTi: FAKMF.lt," WTAKYONK KKCKIVING A COPY OP THIS PAPER WILL CONSIDER IT AN INVITATION TO SUBSCRIBE. Let temperance iniluciico you when you cast your voto at tho coming June election. AVo shall tuko no issue in tho political campaign, hut wo would like to sec a temperance delegation sont to tho Oregon Legislature at tho coining Juno election. This wkino and winter has been very favorablo to tho farmers who were troub led with wild oats. Tho Irost killed the wild oats in winter wheat and tho spring plowing has turned under all that woro gi owing, so that tho prospect is good that our harvest field will not bo troubled as much as usual with that post. When the Woman's Suffrngo question wns under debate in tho Massachusetts lecislaturo a member lead a letter from Wyoming, written by a Mi's. Coggswoll, who was originally nn turnout ndvocato of tho meusuro but had changed her mind aftor long rosideneo in that tcrri- inrv ivlir.ro women vole. Sho assorts that in Wyoming blio litis uo or, or only heldom, known a woman to voto indc- pcndontly. Wife and dnughlcrnro sure to go with husband and fiithor and hb women do not attend primaries or con ventions thoir cll'eol in politics is minply to incre.iso lhooting forco of tho man of tho family. Sho opposes tho exten sion of stilTiago to women now as oam estly as sho was in favor of it boforo and declares that so far as it elTocts tho con dition of women in Wyoming is prejudi cial to their best good and gives them a voicp in mntteisthoy do not understand. Tho measure failed to carry in Massa chusetts. Tin: ruoi'i.i: have boon to decido if thoy Aill adopt suffrage inespectivo of box and it is very t-afo to beliovo thoy will declino to adopt tho measure. Tho legislatures that passed tho rosolution dimply iigiced to submit it to a popular voto. It is positively truo that in noithor houso at eithor sossion could tho rcsolii tion have beon passed to becomo a law. They could not refuse to permit thoir constituents to voto for or against it and that is tho reason it is now boforo us to bo decided at a general Stato oloc tioii. Whilo thoro aro quito a number of BuffrugistB in Oregon wo do not be liovo over 0110 in threo will voto for it and boliovo that in a voto of twenty-llvo thousand tho Constitutional amendment will bo defeated fully llvo thousand. It would bo a pleasuro, if wo could also seo it a duty, to work for general suffrngo but it is too serious u step to take as u mere hazard and there is not enough sound logio and actual cxperienco in favor of it to justify working and voting in its favor. Ki-skwhkiu: wk rimusii a roviow of tho Chicago wool market, from tho cir cular of Sherman, Hall & Co., wool donlci-8 in that city. Now that wo have a direct lino of transportation with that city,it is a nice question whothor wo shall not find a market thoro for our wool to tupply mill" and fat'tories that nro springing up in tho W'coU For that matter tho competition in buying will regulnto tho trade. Tho eastern pur chaser who bids up the highest prico for our fleeces will bo apt to get them. It has becu tho ctiso in tho past that buy ere came here or are horo in the person of homo houses in the trade, and wool growers have for somo years back got all their wool was worth. Somo years 18SJ1 for instanco wo have tho assur ance of wool buyers that they were leers and that for several yearn back thoyhavomudo small profits on wool bought. 11 Chicago can ut onr wool her merchants will be apt to como here after it, and it look m if they were nat urally to bo our bet cuttotnerd. HEAT SUPPLY OF THE FUTURE. The Standard expresses fear that thcro will bo a meat famine in tho not distant future ; beef, not mutton, it believes will bo scarce and high. There is no reason to anticipate any failuro of abundance in the supply of boef so far as tho pas tures of the Pacific Northwest aro con corned. Whenlho settlement of the In land Empire shall be completed there will remain great tracts of scab land, or rocky upland that cannot bo cultivated, barren of all but bunch grass and desti tute of water save in places on tho breaks. There will be at least one-half of Eastern Oregon and Washington that will bo fit ted only for pasture and will produco moro meat than all tho towns of this re gion can require, we nave always shown that tho truo way to manage that oastcrn region is for tho farmers who oc cupy and cultivate good farming lands to own stock to pasture the neighboring grass land that cannot bo cultivated. Probably tho Standard considers that tho day of great ranges is gone by. So it has, or rather, will soon, for the reason that all agricultural tracts will bo taken I up by practical farmers. It will not bo long before tho now remote regions will becomo settled with practical farmers. Tho most rcmoto lands now lie towards tho British lino and in tho south of Ore gon. H ore is land that will always sup ply the far west with meat beef at least. This region is Ycry extensive, reaching from tho Eoeky to tho Cascade Moun tains. When the timo comes that the immense bands aro driven out of oxist enco wo shall see smaller bands kept by actual sottlcrs instead of by speculators, and hotter kopt. Thoy will take moro care to bleed well and secure better stock. Tho cattlo supply will increase fiom this timo onward, because tho low prico of wool will induco stock men to exchango sheep for cattlo again. As for mutton tho farmer west of the Cascades will gradually work into mut ton sheep and wo shall havo an abun dant supply of bettor mutton than was over known hero. When tho Standard questions tho meat supply it forgets that gradually tho substitution of grassos for forests will tako place as this region is cleared of timbor and thcro will bo de veloped great pasture limits in tho foot liilra and through tho coast ranges. Any talk of a meat famino is lacking in sound logio facts. now attained a position in relation to the world that brings us moro into harmony with other States and with a moro ma ture civilization. As wo havo so often said. This is a question of importance second to no other, and deserving of the fullest intention. HOW TQ IMPROVE PASTURES, Thcro is no moro important question for tho farmers of this region to solve than how to improvo their pastures. Many grow grass teed with grain in tho spring and so obtain a good set of grass after tho grain has been harvested. That is a good idoa whoro a farmor concludes to vary tho raising of grain by laisiug of grass and so recupcrato somewhat ex hausted fiolds. It is a question, how ovor, if it is not moro profitablo to put tho ground in perfect ordor and sow the grass seed in tho spring, alone. In this case tho field can bo pastured the samo season in August and wo beliovo will make a moro certain stand of good sod than any other way can secure. In tho light of lato cxperienco wo ought to havo a bettor idea of tho kinds of grasses that naturally suit our region, though, for that mattor, certain grasses succoed in some localities that do not succeed in oth ors. Somo grassos f rozo out badly a year ugo lost winter, especially tho mosquito and orchard gross. Tho formor is less thought of now than it was by somo iivo years ago. Orcuaru grass is ceriamiy a good variety and deserves to be cultiva ted. Lincoln grass is not relished by horses but is liked by cattlo and sheep and horses thrive on it, oven if they do not relish it as well as timothy or orchard grass. Ono of our correspondents do nounces it, whilo Mr. Townsend, who lives in tho red hills six miles from Sa lem, says it makes good pasture with him ten months and then produces a good crop of hay with Bimply from tho last of May to tho first of July to ma ture. Tramping does not injure it, even in wet weather. Tho value of English or Italian ryo grass, and the perennial rye grass ought to be known ; judging from tho way tins grass grows with white clover in our front yard, it should bo as good as possible. Wo aro cutting it nearly three foct high in April and a neighbor says it would make four tons to the acre. It is necessary to discuss grasses from entirely different standpoints in regard to the country east aua west of tho Cas cades. We should like, exceedingly, to havo information based on tho experi ence of practical farmers through all sections of tho oonntry. For years back we have taken tho position that grass must be a great source ot prosperity to this country. Tho experience ot all the world confirms that btuef and we hTej CALIFORNIA GOVERNED BY RAILROADS. Gov. Stoncman lately called the Cali fornia Legislature togothcr to tako ac tion on certain measures he proposed for governing tho railroads of that State which of recont years havo effectually governed that State. Tho effort has so far proved a failuro for, in faco of the greatest indignation manifested by the people at the neglect of the Legislature to provido laws for their protection against corporations and against the railroad commission for refusing to re strain tho railroads from making unrea sonable charges and unfair discrimina tion, the Legislature has .met and failed to satisfy the popular wish. Tho railroad interest there holds tho State in abject bondaeo and unless wo havo more independence and strength of will than California has manifested and can find men we can depend on to stand by tho popular interests, wo shall soon bo held in similar bondage. Wo havo it from what is claimed to bo reliable authority that the Cential Pacific people have taken advantago of tho complications in which the Villard roads havo been in volved to obtain control of the most profitablo of Oregon enterprises. We may expect to see that combination of capitalists control every transportation lino on the Pacific from tho Isthmus to tho Polo. Tho timo may soon como when our voters will have to exercise their suffrages for solf-piotcction against tho greatest monopoly the world knows. At tlm timo of Mr. Villard's break up wc considered it a great misfortune to our Stato and section. Wo still havo one resourco for competition that cannot bo controlled by the Central Pacific. Tho Union Pacific will push through tho Ore gon Short Line and will insist on main taining independent connections.. This is considered tho best hope for our sec tion. Wo don't liko to create alarm but we really beliovo tho Central Pacific in terest will soon dominato tho Oregon transportation lines. Those who have facilities for knowing assert that the de clino in O. It. & N. Co.'s securities is en tirely owing to tho beliof in New York that tho Central Pacilio magnates have tho control of that enterprise A NFY7 SCHEME OF TAXATION. How to legislate concerning money and to provido for a proper assessment of all property is tho question that of lato interests tho people of our State. The disagi cement of Stato and federal coiuts concerning tho constitutionality of tho mortgago tax law will bo apt to lead to trouble. It is said that if Sheriffs at tempt to sell mortgages for failure to pay taxes accrued under the act tho Uni ted States Court will lay hold of the Sheriffs for contempt of that court, which, it seems, is vory jealous of its rights. Thoro is no use denying that just at present matters aro in a rather unpleas ant fix. Many objoft strongly to tho law that permits offsetting of debt against pioporty assessment. There is no denying that this leads to much de moralization, evidenced by tho fact that tho sum so offset is about doublo the sum taxed under tho lfoad of money, notes and accounts. This law is perni cious in many respects and its repeal would bo n relief to the Stato system of finance. Wo recognize that it might work hardship to some debtors, but soon money would becomo moro abundant and chonper. In a short timo the debtor class would find in cheaper money com pensation for having to pay taxes. There aro sound arguments in favor of doing away with offsetting indebtedness. In this connoction wo will suggest a new plan of action without claiming it as original. Wo havo nover seen it in print but havo heard it verbally argued. This now plan doos away with tho off setting of debt and every holder of prop erty pays taxes on tho samo at the full valuation. A new system of assessment is to be devised that shall secure valua tion of property at its full value or very near it. Then tho property would pay the tax and the mortgago would go untaxed, as it is represented by property it holds for security. There is a general feeling that money should pay its fair proportion of expenses of the Stato nnd many will scout tho idea and very properly that foreign capital shall pay no Uuc Under the constitution wo can not levy a uniform tax of ono dollar on a hundred on money loaucd, but wo can tax all foreign loans one-half per cent, on one per cent. Foreign loan agents say tltey want a uniform rate in all coun ties. This woald five it to the. This tax would apply only on foreign capital, as a special license. It would bo comti tutional and every way legal, and would bring into tho treasury of Stato and nnntip9 n linndsomo nor cent. It would give home investors an advantago and they could lower rates of interest some what on that account. We offer this as a new phaso of tho mortgago tax quostion and invite discus sion on the same. Wo have tho experience of California to aid us in framing a system of State finance. California has no usury iau and yet interest is very low and money plenty and cheap. Many loans aro maae at six nor cent., and eight per cent, is high figure. Money is usually abundant at theso low rates of interest wo havo named. If wo have a financial systom that can command tho confidence of capital an abundant supply of money will come here. Tho situation of finan cial matters in our neighboring State ought to have weight aud influencowith us also. The nlan wo have named is not without claims to consideration and hav ing heard it argued in conversation wo have outlinod it and prosont it for con sideration of Oregon readers. CROPS AND PROSPECTS. The prospect for crops throughout tho entire Pacific Northwest is simply as good as possibly can exist. All the win ter and spring months were just what the seasons indicated. .Wheat will be grown in immense quantity if nothing unlooked for happens. Wool will be an extra clip both as to quantity and qual ity. The prico of our great staples may bo lower than common, j et the profits from growing thorn may reach a hand somo figure on account of tho largo yield wo seem sure to realize. Besides those tegular staples we shall havo groat valuo in many other products. The fruit crop promises to bo immense. If the mining districts to tho eastward of us really are ready to become customers for our orchard products wo can furnish them heavy shipments. California real izes moro millions for tho products of hor orchards and vinoyards than wo ever havo for our wheat crops. Judging by their success wo havo reason to expect a good market for our fruits. There, peo ple stand ready to purchase orchards as they stand, paying a sum agreed on for tho products of that year, and then use them as profit may direct. Matters aro not yet so systematized horo as to mako such bargains common but they may soon tako such a form. Tho arrival of fifty thousand or moro immigrants among us, all of whom havo some means and many of whom bring large sums to invest, will havo its influenco on tho times and as sert tho business of tho country as well as creato more or less market at home for our farm products. Tho hop product will no doubt secure a fair profit for tho hop yards that aro in bearing. Tho vari ous products of tho farm will see an ad vantago in tho growingpopulation. Every thing indicatos a prosperous year. It is encouraging to seo improvement both in tho wheat and wool market. Farmers havo a right to bo encouraged but they must practice strict economy in all their expenditures. While a certain amount of farm machinery is necessary for tho conduct of a farm many are sure to buy more than they can pay for. If somo co operation can bo established between neighbors by which only the machinery necessary to do tho work of that neigh borhood shall bo purchased it will prove of advantago to all. The sums paid out for farm machinery do much to keep some men poor, and they had best hiro or go partners in buying rather than in cur obligations greater than they can reasonably meet. CCEUR d'ALENE MINES. News from tho mines shows that the new steamer is running and passengers are taken through from Eathdrnm to Eagle City for $17.50. The trail from the boat landing to Eagle City is good and passengers aro taken on hrvrRpJ.ani- ovor it Passage from Portland to Rath- arum is $ 1U.JO, from Portland to Eagle City l0.8o. Now discovories havo been made of quartz and carbonates of silver and aro found in connection win. . lena. This U believed to insure perma nence to tlio ore veins. The whole re gion around tho mines is a net-work of of quartz veins. Placer mining has com menced in some creeks but mam- nra yet overflowed and cannot be worked. ueports are made of clean-ups in differ ent diggings that show the existence of fane gold in good paying quantity. Much work is being done to open the die Kings and no doubt there will be a great deal of gold taken out through tho sum mer. It was said that 2,000 men wore waiting at bpokane Falls and as many more at Itathdrum, for the weather to moderate, when they will make their way toEagloCity. Tho extent and re liable richness of the placerdiggings can not be known until the water lowewso tkt miners can get their claims opened, KEW THIS WEEK. DRY GOODS. Our Weekly Arrivals or OVLETIES SPRING & SUMMER GOODS Will not fail to please tho most fastidious. OLDS&KINC, 186 First Street, PORTLAND, OR. tflThe trreatest care taken in filling Orders by mail. The Imported Carriage Stallion KING TOM Will mako the tjcason of 1834 as follows : OHUIIUillJ -m u u iuniiuijjri mu uuiva UUrbU of Sublimity, on Mondajs and Tuesday forenoons. hmcrion. Tuc;aay aitcrnooDS ana Wednesdays. Salem. At Ford & MInto'd stable, on Thursdays, Fridays and Saturdas. 1 TFSUM Season. 820; Insurance, $W. Marcs bred by season paj able at last tn o rounds. Insurance when the mare ia known to be with foal, or the animal Is disposed of or traded off. Parties disposing: of marcs bred by Insuranco will bo held responsible for the In bUTAnce money. Every care taken to prevent acci dents but respomlblo for none. Pasturjgo for mares from a distance at reasonable rates. nr.SCZll VI 1 .KINO TOM Is a bright bay with black points; 10 12 hand high; weight 1400; free from blemish; fine carriage horse; sure foal getter. MJIr.K.-KIKO TOM wasfoilod In 1877; he by Old Klnjr Tom. Old Ktng Tom Is a bright bay, and stands 1(1 hands; bred at Woodford Form Kentucky; foiled in 1S00; got bj Lexington: 1st dam, Tokay by imp Yorkshire; d ilanT, Miss Martin, sister to George Martin, by Garrison's Fliifrareo; 3d dara, Gabriel, by Sir Archio; 4th dam, Iibj's Jnlvpso, by Bel I arc; 5th dam, Irb's mate (the dam of Wooi pecker. Laurel, imp. Hob or Nob) 10th dam, by imp. Jolly Rodger; 11th dam by ValKnt; 12th dam by Tjrall, by imp. Traveler out of lllazella The dam of Young KINO TOM was sired by Beacon; he by Sir Tatton bjkes; giand dam, by Doherty's Kojal George; he by filark Warrior. For further particulars address: E. W. IIO&SITEB, Whlteaker.Ogn. Bee Keepers Supplies ! Tho undesigned has for sale at fair prices liico comb foundation for both brood nest and surplus boxes, lies hives of the most approv ed Btylo wit,h both broad and narrow frames also surplus boxes and other "fixings" bee men require. I am also piepared to receive orders for Italian Queons the same being bred from choice imported mothers and war ranted pureiy mated. Price of Queens, in June, S3- In sending ordcra for foundation state size of sheet, aud whether heavy or lieht is required. Pi ice sent upon applica tion E. Y. CHASE, Salem, Dr. STltAYJUJ). From South Salem, on Wednesday, April 30, a black filly belonging to S. A. Clarke. She is 15 hands high, two white feet; had a poke on her necje. A rowaid will bo paid for her return to this office or leaving word where she may bo found. Sho is unbroken but very gentle. Oregon Railway and Naviga tion Company. OCEAN DIVISION. Between lorlluud and Sun Francisco. L9vtn' AInswoith Wharf at mldnlitht, as follows: FROM roRTLJUtD. lnrittlfrht- CoIumbK TucjJh . Mar 2 urcgon, cunaay, so Statu, FrUav, April 4 Columbia, Wednesday, 9 fKOU HAS FRJUCISCO. in a i State, Wednesday, March S iuiumoia, .uonaay 31 Orcgon.Saturday,, April State, Wednesday.. ..... Thron!h Tlrlrrfa RnM frt.ll maI. In vA TTnltl States, Canada and Europe. RAILROAD DIVISIONS. Trancfav otoamnv Mnn.il ...in. a . . n Ieatcs Ash Street wharf, Portland, daily, at 7:20 K H. a 2?! ?fcIfio ExPresa "rives at Portland, daily .at MIDDLE COLUMIIIA. WILL t MKTTK Awn YAMHILL MVEU DIVISION. Leave Portland lor Dalles and Upper IJllllTTinU . Astoria and Low er Columbia.., Dayton Victoria, B.O.... Corv&lll. .nil In. lermedlate ptsl Mon. ITues. 7 AM 8 AM 7 AM AM 6AM 7AM OAM 6AM I Wed. rFrl. I Thur Frl. Sat 7 AM I'M 7 AM AM 7AM 6AM 6AM SAM 7AM 7 AM 6AM 6AN 7AM 6AM6AH Central Ticket Offices Cor. Front and D 8U. O. H. PRESOOTT, Marnjrtr. A. L. STORES, Acting Oenl Pass. Agent. . . tuAAnauL, iicnes Jigenu New SAH AUtAXAe A Corder. Ttnt3r, TuciL I w fcer' LTO IIemtner,Btnd all I e r, Thread Cutter. Need W I W 1. Oil and full outfit with aitfllr- unamuiinMid t ranted a vm lur mxrliuieano iTDo-V? paj douffi o butter, When yw run try tlice before you rar cent Afllnte lnmr-rtY-nmAiira UnnlJi?bt with little no.e. liaudome and dumb.A. Circular with Jm .la .F . 1..I. sff - n 1 jsTmli . . ". vvt -miro are., taucaffo.iu. KNIGHT & RICE, Horse Shoeing & General u.acKsmitmnR. Tf M?SI0RMED A CO-PABTOTtRSHIP DHIB tflf-. .1 T0 " Mo th general pubuVi i7iuD i w.prca u ao ail kinds of iron worm. vFpwauo riric .National H&nit. xucm BEE HIVES 1 We would U Pleated to call all persona interested U to the many trovl tMt.iitiu Ar tii MnMlDftumuei S? HfOl.'F'J u"- ind highest diploma t JI orders oo demand. Cmmmit6Uil AdJtaa. or apply to A. r. UV33&mVot., or 4Bt,JMEcoodBtM., , , PwUand.Oroi- . MmIiXbm. V '-- Ji t 'jijrj t smK. aa.uitauu.Kf'i wm Juki. j- vi . ' jlxjjla y-tr .!, .- ... -,.,,.j M