Willamette farmer., September 21, 1883, Image 1

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VOL. XV.
4mpani!tnrf.
OREOON- STATE FAIR.
Salem, Sept. 18, 1883.
Editor Willamette Farmer :
The twenty-third annual exhibition of
Oregon State Agricultural Society opened
on Monday, September 17th. The indi
cations were extremely favorable and the
weather wan all that could be wished.
The attendance was up to best average.
Many campers came in on Sunday.
Monday was a busy day and entries
n?urcd in thick and fast. The large pa-
vilionfft well packed when one takes into
consideration "fie immensity. The stock
pens are filling up fast, and to-day"(Tues-day
afternoon) bnt lew empty ones are
seen. The speed programme is good and
the stalls are filled with the beat running
and trotting stock of the valley, as well
as a large representation from the East
ern Empire. There are many stockmen
here ; D. H. Lonney, of Jefferson, with his
Jersey ; J. H. Albert, of Salem also has
Jersey, with General Grant at the hoad
of the herd ; R. W. Cary, of Salem, has
his Aberdeen cattle, and other stock ; D.
M. Guthrie, has a number of pens of
Spanish, French or American Merinoes.
Gov. Moody exhibits a herd of seven
Jerseys. R. S. Thompson, of The D illes,
has ten head of Jerseys. Wm. H. Myers,
of Dallas, shows Durlnm cattle. G. W.
Dimick, of Hubbard, has a herd of five
Shorthorns. Jams Richards, of Oak
land, has a Shorthorn bull which
weighs 1,800 pounds. Also a seven-year-old
cow that weichs 1,000. Speak
ing of the stock exhibit wo can only say
that it is a superior one and commands
much attention. We simply mention
these few stock men as we will hae a full
report in our next week's issue.
The pavilion is quite full of displays of
vegetables, cereals, domestic floral, etc.
The exhibits made by Marion and Lane
county is excellent, and much credit is
given the parties directly interested.
The magnificent display which was made
and gathered by D. D. Prettyman for the
railway company, and which attracted so
much attention from the Villard guests
in your city, has been transferred to Salem
and will be a leading, feature.
The floral display in the horticultural
department is far ahead of any previous
year, and is thronged by an admiring
crowd. There is a lack, however, of dis
play in machinery hall, and it is to bo
regretted that inducements are not made
to pneourage the various agricultural
houses to make an exhibit of their wares.
There are many amusements. But there
Is not a side-show or circus on the ground
and there appears to bo no particular
cause for complaint on account thereof.
There are the Osbornes, The Kentucky
Jubilee Singers, and a pair of wrestlers,
who bill for patronage. We rarely ever
see much life at the Fair Grounds until
Wednesday and, taking all things into
consideration, we candidly say that we
think trie Fair for 1883 will be all that
could be desired, and the opinion prevails
that it will be a prosperous meeting for
the society. We will next week give a
full report of the proceedings as well as a
complete outline of all the entries. We
vonnnt make a complete report this week
.40 consider it best to let it go until our
next issue.
W. J. C.
The Pall Mall Gazette estimates that
the English wheat crop will fall two mil
lion qaarters short of last year, a decrease
of twenty per rent The acreage undr
wheat in the United Kinedom continues
to steadily decline. In 1869 it was 3,982,
000 acres, ten years later it had fallen to
3050,000 acres, and this year it does not
exceed 2,850,000 acres. But, instead of
being a misfortune, it is a blessing to the
country, inasmuch that consumers can
obtain their supply from America at
cheaper prices.
Yet Another Wrong Man. Old gent
"I say, have you no Yorkshire pudding
with this beef?" WajUr (puziled and
nibbing his chin HYorkehlre pudding,
ir? Well, sir, I think not, sir ; but there
.It very nice damson tart and custards t"
Judy.
18 COMPETITION POSSIBLE T
A recent dispatch gives the following :
Chicago, Sept. 14. The Times : The
completion of the Northern Pacific road
has been celebrated and advertised with
extraordinary eclat. A large number of
wealthy and distinguished gentlemen
have come from the different States of
Europe to assist in the ope'ningof an
other great American transcontinental
railroad line, which, in most of its fea
tures, even has not its parallel in this or
probably any other country, and now for
us arises an important question What
will follow from the effect of the comple
tion of that great undertaking. Three'
railway lines now interlace the opposite
shores ol the continent, it was ine in
tention of congress, and it has been the
expectation of the country, that compe
tition between these lines would overrule
the practice of the central line in exact
ing a tanit as nigh as trarhc wouia near,
and force a reduction of rates to nmore
moderate and reasonable scale. This was
the purpose, at least it was the pretext
and defense of contrress in giving away
to three Pacific railroad companies al
most as many million acres of the pub
lic domain as was comprised in the origi
nal northwest territory. As respects the
Southern Pacific Railway, that pretext,
interest and expectation have failed ut
terly. The Southern Pacific is to-day
merely a second track of the Central Pa
cific, owned, managed and operated by
the same men, upon the same maxim ol
exacting all that traffic will bear. The
Northern Pacific has opened under a dif
ferent management. Will it be managed
according to different policy? If it shall
be, is it probable that it will remain vcy
long under a different management?
These are questions that now have much
interest for the countrv, and particularly
for that enormous section of people who
are directly or indirectly concerned in
our commercial affairs. The answer
which the Northern Pacific, management
shall make to them mav be quite as im
portant to the intereitof this corporation
as any effect of the extensive and bril
liant stroke of cosmopolitan advertising
which the genius of Villard has conceded
and executed.
The above, from the Chicago Times,
covers a matter that greatlv concerns the
United States, and the world, as well as
the people of the Pacific. Our nation
has endowed these great roads invaluable
franchises; it has not onlypriched them
as coqwrations, but gives them monopoly
of transportation, not only to1 perform
the local work to build up the States and
communities they traverse, but of na
tional importance as connecting the
shores of the oceans that bound us.
These roads are also of universal import
ance because by them the products of
Asia reach Europe.
The Northern Pacific the last of these
transcontinental lines, has received the
least aid from government. The world
looks with more kindly feeling on this
corporation because of the disaster that
it has survived and the energy with
which success has been won. Also, the
liberal and humane policy of Mr. Villard
has won the world's admiration. What
we are to expect, it is difficult to deter
mine. It is no child's play to build rail
roads. This one seems to have been
built without the "credit mobeliers" and
the construction company tliat attended
the building of the Central and Union
Pacific roads. We may hope that it will
be conducted with such fairness as to de
serve our respect in the future.
The Central Pacific made its builders
so rich that they used the tens of millions
of their savings for the construction of
the new Southern Pacific. It was policy
for them to own all other routes, to pre
vent competition. They "took in" the At
lantic and Pacific, also, so that instead of
having three different and competing
routes across the continent, to and from
California, there is virtually but one.
These men, who build railroads across a
continent as easily as you would a lane
across your farm, handle millions as we
would hundreds and parcel out tho world
among themselves. The immense grants
the government made to insure compe
tition in transportation, they manipulate
to maintain a omsbfidateaCtiidribpoly
whose only limit is to learn what the
traffic can bear. The world waits to see
what course the Northern Pacific Com
pany will pursue. This company -ha
PORTLAND, OREGON, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 31, 1883.
emerged from its great contest with a
certain strength and a certain amount of
weakness. Tt is naturally strong, and
time will make it more impregnable and
formidable. It is actually, for the mo
ment, weak. It needs a breathing spell
after its tremendous exertion. It has
strained every nerve of finance to lay the
last rail. It has many branches, great
bridges and depots, and many stations to
build. Its crowding work will keep it
poor, in a measure, for years to come.
Therefore it is in no condition to grapple
with the corporations to thesouth at this
moment. The organization of its system
and methods will be a work of great im
portance, demanding great dare and wis
dom. While the people of the North Pacific
are rejoiced to see railroads built, and
welcome all enterprise, this region is peo
pled by the most energetic and indepen
dent of Anglo-Saxons. They know that
the overshadowing question, that dwarfs
partisan politics, relates to transportation
and the assumption of corporations. Thus
people will watch, with greatest carp, the
course of the corporations that are devel
oping their country. They are willing to
reward enterprise, but they are certain to
demand full value for their money paid.
The time is not distant when this ques
tion will dominate politics and make and
unmake politicians. We have as much
to fear from demagogues as from monop
oly. It is to be. hoped that Mr Villard
and his associates will realize the duty
thpy owe to a generous nation and win
the confidence the people wish to give
while thev sustain tho credit of the cor
poration. If they don't try to pay divi
dends on water, the people will make no
complaint.
Tho Chicago Times asks this question,
if it does not use these words: "If the
Northern Pacific antagonizes the Central
Pucific, how long will the Central people
wait before buying it? Mr. Villard adver
tised for a 'blind pool,' and so raised the
money to buy the Northern Pacific.
What is to hinder Huntington, Stanford
and Crocker from buying the controlling
interest in the Northern? 12 very thine
has its price. The Central magnates can
afford to pay immensely for the Northern
incliise. We must look to tho future
with apprehension if such a consumma
tion is probable. Again we are met by
the startling fact, that the generosity of
the government in endowing these cor
porations with means to build transcon
tinental roads, has created consolidated
wealth that becomes a tyranny. It po
sesses a power of monopoly dangerous to
the nation, and laying tribute upon the
world."
A writer not a Patron who has been
looking on the renewed progress made
by tho Grange within a few years, writes .
"The novelty of the Grango movement
has passed away. Thono who locome
memters now do so from principle, and
as a general thing, become good, earnest
workers in the cause. The old political
dead-beats that were such a load to carry,
have sloughed off, those who joined for
the sake of plunder are gone, and we
have remaining a body of earnest men
and women, who are desirous of educat
themselves and elevating their calling,
so that those now entering upon the stage
of action will not be ashamed to own that
they are the sons and daughters of Amer
ican farmers."
The incorporators of the Lane County
Agricultural Society held a meeting in
Eugene on Wednesday, September 5th,
and decided to hold a fair in this county.
The following committees were appoint
ed : On pavilion, Ben. Hinkle, Charles
Laner and L. D. Smith ; on track, G. W.
Gill, G. Belshaw, J. R. Sellers and R. B.
Hays. The time for holding the fair and
other items will lie announced in future.
J. S. CHuncniix. Sec'y.
In the nam. of suffering humanity, we re
quest all physicians to try Ammen'a Cough
Syrup, then they will preatcribi it for their
patient who are troubled with coughi, colds
and diaeaaei for which it U recommended.
Many doctors who are opposed to pateut
medicine prMcrih. this remedy; the drurgi't
simply change, the contents into another bot
tle, and the patient is none the wiser, while
the physician get. credit for the cure, which
always follows where a cur. is noeeible. Ask
yow druggM to snow yom a large bottle.
drapes and their Uses.
This most excellent fruit acts benefi
cially rn the system. The French (who
certainly should know from experince)
sy that the grape dilutes thick blood,
sends the circulation to tho surface, giv
ing hialthful color to pale cheeks, re
moves (Obstructions from the liver and
lungs, aids digestion, brings the stomach
into a healthful state, dislodges gravpl, and
confer' vigor upon the system. With
all thii list of blessings proceeding from
not Medicine, but the most delicious
of easi y grown fruits, how can any one
owning a small plat of ground deprive
his fatilly Of grapes? They may also be
used at medicjne, for a good authority
says: iJ'Vyhen in health, swallow only
the pulp ; when the bowels are costive.
swalloy he seeds with tho pulp ; to check
a too rilaxed state of tho bowels, swallow
tne pulp and eject the seeds ; also masti
cate the skins and swallow their astrin
gent jijjce." The skin being tough and
ind'gestiblo should never be swallowed.
By packing carefully in shallow boxes
with paper or grape leaves between lay
ers, anrj placing in a cool, even tempera
ture, g pipes may bo kept fresh for somo
time. 'All cultivated varieties, however,
lack tl(f keeping quality of the native
American Fox grapes. These, gathered
after thje first heavy frost, when they aro
really sweet and pleasant to taste, have
been laid on fruit shelves where theyhavo
kept iji good condition until March.
But try, as we may, they will not keep
continually ; so wo must resort to jellies,
preserves and canning.
In teftpe preserves, the seeds aro by
many considered an abomination, and
whether healthful or not, every effort is
made to get rid of them. To do this in
the easiest manner, stew tho grapes un
til soft, and pass through a colander.
Still, as this removes the skins as well as
tho seeds, tho identity of the fruit is near
ly lost, for tho result is a thick, pulpy
jelly. Some divide each grnpo with a
sharp knife, pick out tho seeds, and then
preserve; the result, of couise, is deli
cious, but it is too much troulilo to put
up thus moro than a limited supply. A
better way is to press tho pulp from each
grujie after the manner of stoning cher
ries, putting skins in one dish and pulps
in another. Stew tho latter and pass
through a colander to remove tho seedB.
Add the skins to this semi-liquid mass
and a very desirable result is obtained.
Exchange.
Wheat Shortage In the East.
W. Y. Chamberlain, Secretary of the
Ohio State Board of Agriculture, in his
August report, says :
The latest reliable official information
we have from the five main wheat States
that have the best means of ascertaining
facts, is as follows :
1882
41,451 000
.. ..45,502,000
52,305,000
. .22.315,000
..33,148,000
1883.
23,87.1,000
30,00.1,000
10 000.000
22.321,000
23,680,000
O.110 ....
In liana
Illiooii. .
Michigan
Kaua
It will bo seen from this that the five
principal States that last year produced
more than one-half of the entire winter
wheat crop of the country, wo have a
probable shortage of 93,!K)3,000 bushels,
or nearly 4I per cent, of last year's crop ;
nor is there any special reason that if the
facts ureas well known in all tho other
wheat States the shortage will lo any
less. I maintain the opinion advanced
in April and held more and moro firmly
months since, that the total shortage of
this year as compared with JHM2 cannot
be less than 120,000,000 bushels, and may
go considerably above that amount.
Philadelphia Wool Market
From the September fth circular of W.
C. Houston, Jr., A Co., we take tho fol
lowing Wool is not high ; we consider it sufo
property at to-day's prices, and, if prop
erly boughton a basis of present quota
tions, wc mum. ii a guou itivenimcni, aim
likely to show a fair profit, as any change
is likely to lie for tho better. On the
same grounds, we can now offer greuter
inducements to snippers than at any
time since tho opening of the clip.
When wool lias gouo through a doclino,
and prices have touched lxtttom and are
firm on u low basis, then is tho time to
reasonably look for an improvement, if
the general business of the country is in
a hea. thy state and crops good, as is the
case. It is our aim and interest to net
our consignors all that is possible out of
ineir wuui, jubw as u is a ouyerji oojwi to
get it as cheaply as possible. We will
keep alive to the situation, endeavor to
judge correctly as to future prospects, and
make every effort to obtain prices that
will show a profit to our shippers.
The demand for XX continues quite
strong, and stocks aro much reduced ;
this grade is more firmly held, and an
advance has been obtained for choico
lots. Medium fleeces are quiet, as un
washed and territory wools conic into
competition with them also, and tho cur
rent demand favors fine fleeces. Quarter
blood sells fairly well, but at low prices
The Bop Crop.
From Maloxb, N. Y. : Picking has bare
ly begun here. The crop will be larger
than caily estimates, probably 9,000 or
10,000 bales altogether in the county,
while there is considerable honevdewand
lice. The quality of but few yards is af
fected. Not 1 sr cent, bus been hurt,
and propitious weather gives hope that
the bulk of the crop will bo good. Tho
greatest danger is from too early picking.
From Oseojtta, N. Y. : The prospects
are that the hop crop will bo larger and
of better quality than expected ten days
ago. Think there will bo us many pounds
harvested as last year. The quality is
not even. Harvesting has generally
commsneed.
From Watkktown, N. Y, : Tho weather
has been bad, but it is bettor now. There
is some mold and plenty of lico, and the
crop is not as good as lat year.
From Watiirviu.k, N. Y The hop
crop in Sangerfield and Marshall is heavy
and good. It is poorer in the southern
part of Sangerheld. Picking has com
menced in most yards. Fears of vermin
are allavcd, as tho weather is much more
favorable. The lieu are reported dying
Tho condition in Otsego county is bud.
riio condition in this vicinity is good
The quantity is one-fourth to oue-thiril
moro than last year. Picking is general
this week. Lico decreasing.
From Mvmso.v, Wih : Hops good,
better than thoy have been for several
years.
New York Wool Market.
Nothing new in wool this week. Tho
saino supply and demand trade, or hand
to mouth policy, yet prevails. Mills buy
a week's supply at a time, seem in no
hurry to buy any faster than that. We
can note no change in quotations any
where. So much wool has como east by
sail from California, tho railroad company
has reduced its rates of freight to 2c on
wool costing over 18c ; lijc on wool over
12 to 18c, an 1 1 jo on wool under ; for all
scoured wool 3c. This result, of course,
shows the competition of Hailing vessels
around tho Horn. It also hIiowh that
buyers aro in no hurry for wool, as it
takes from four to six months around the
Horn, while the railroad requires about
thirty to forty days.
One of the largest Han Francisco buyers
was tho houso of Wright, Wooster A Co.,
who failed. Their failure has had a ten
dency to quiet trade somewhat, as it is
thought that California woo moro than
part caused their failure. U.S.Economii-t
of September 1st.
Wool Meeting.
From the Dayton Chroniclo we learn
that tho wool growers of Columbia and
Garfield counties met at 1'omcroy, Thurs
day, to take uctiou in regard to tho con
vention to bo held at The Dalles on the
27th. Quito a number oi sheep men of
lth counties wero present, in fact, nearly
every wool grower was represented The
general feeling of tho meeting was that
the reduction of the tariff uion foreign
wool was wrong and was doing a great
damage to American growers. W, E.
Sullivun was elected a delegate to attend'
the convention at Tito Dalles, at which
titne a representative will bo elected to go
to Washington and labor to liavo the
duty upon foreign grown wool raised to
its former rate. The wool growers of
Washington are unanimous in the desire,
to have the tariff raised and attribute the
recent low prices to the competition of
foreign growers under the m-w tariff law.
AtTlcultaral Society.
We learn, from the Yamhill Itegister,
that the proiosition for a County Agri
cultural Society, is meeting with uni
versal favor. Every precinct in tho
county will bu represented here on tho
Jotli. Ine proposition is not simply to
have a race track and a little homo rac
ing, but to have a genuine county fair,
representing all our industries, of which
agriculture is the principal one. No
county or the Bute can make a better
showing than this.
Amnten's Cough Syrup cures golds, cough,
Woochlti and ecn.aajf.ioo.
NO. 32.
Plowlni in Oreen Crops.
The cheapest and most certain way of
improving worn-out land is to plow in '
green crops to rot upon and pulverize the ,
soil. The procossof rotting acts mechan
ically as well as chemically, and thus the
soil is benefitted by tho direct addition of
fertilizing elements, and by being mode
easier to cultivate. This work may be
commenced now and continued until
frost, or as long as there is any green to
plow under. Land that has produced
good covering of grass may be depende!
upon to produce a fair crop next yuttr.il
the grass is carefully plowed in aiirVwItijd
upon the soil. If tho grass wiwire Water
to die and decay on the laiJC'ujit-tliing
would be added to it, cortairlyTtuit not a
tithe the benefit would be derived as is se
cured by plowing and rotting the vegeta
ble matter in the soil. The fermentation
produced by decay of green matter "act
verv favorably on tho land, pulverizing ft,
filling it with life giving nitrogen,
and making it soft and mellow for the
plrw and tho hoe. Wo beliovo that tt Is
this fermentation of green stuff in th
soil that makes tho plowing in of any
crop so beneficial. Tho fermenting ana
rotting process does moro good to mellow
and ptiriehen the land than repeated plow
ings would do. This is true, whatever
the kind of crop or vegetation turned in.
At the same time, it cannot be denied
that some green crops are far moro bene
ficial than others for this purpose. If
the farmer can do no Itetter, by all means
let him turn in the natural vegetation
that has grown on tho land. This U
much better than nothing. But where-
over ho has tin' opportunity for doing so,
let him not fail to plant or sow some
pccinl crop for this purpose. The
liost that wo know of, and obout the
onlv one that would succeed at this time
of year, is the field pea. For medium or
flay lands there is nothing letter, and
even the linlitest land, where tho pea
can bo grown, is greatlv benefitted. The
black penis, perhaps, the best of all. It
gives a rank uroulli of vino and grows
rapidly, soon coveting tho ground with
its denso foliage. Ah we have done every
year for many, wo urge our farmer
friends to plant anil how largely of the
field ea. For market, for stock, or us a
green crop to renovcrato the land, its
merits entitle it to high consideration.
It may l,o sowed any time in July and
will bo fit to turn in by tho last of Sep
t mber. But if the seed cannot bo had,
t'lu farmer must employ some other plant
as oats, millet, buckwheat or corn.
And if none of these, then, by all means,
plow under thu grass and weeds that have
sprung up voluntarily on tho land. Any
thing green that will ferment in decay
and rot quickly will do good. It is an
important link in tho system of farming.
(Rural Messenger.
NKWH MVMMAKV.
Jame Y Otrdnor, of Colorado, ha
ren
appointed event at the Ouray Uto
Indian
agency.
Honda redeemed up to noon on the
17tb.
under the twenty-first call, amount tc
18,.
Junius Ilrutua booth, tie actor and brother
of John Wilkee Booth, died at Munc) eater,
Mane., on the 17th.
Dr. Htmnig, an eminent profes'or of jurin
prurlencn in the university of Berne, wa re.
cently killed while climbing the Alpa.
Two men, convicted of participation in th.
mueacre after the evacuation of A'rxsndria
by Arab! I'aaha, were hanged on the 17th.
The U, 8. steamer Despatch now at New
York, has been placed at thu diapoaal of th.
Cnrean embatay by direction of tne atcretary
of th. vy. f
Social lata made the opening of parliament
at the Hague the occuion for po'ittcal demon
tratiotia, and placard! favoring univeiaal auf
frage were poaUd along the route of the royal
oorttge.
The Parliament at the Hague opened on the
17th. Th. king referred to the calamity that
had befallen the people of Jiva, and aaid he
felt assured the chatity extended the aufterer.
would h equal to the great neceeaitiea of the
occasion.
It la atated the Ciarina lately detecttd on.
o' the Imperial chamberlain! in the act of
placiuK nihilist placard in her apartment,
who fearing the oouaequencea, ouinmitted
auicide.
It la aaid that the Porte has instructed the
Turkiah ambaaaador at Berlin to aound th.
German government reaprcting a TurioOcr.
man alliance, and then make iliveraloua upon
the French Id Tunia and Algeria,
ftopresentativea of the Weiiabu brewer'
aaaoo'ation trade an argument before the com-
miaalouer ol loternal reveou. tu lavor ol the
suepeuaion of the operation of hia recent order
regarding the bottling; of beer from caaka. That
daciaion was reeerved.
The ehip Heels, Captain K. 0. Day, arrive'd
at Taroma, after a voyage of 129 days from
New York. She brought a cargo of 2,10O
tone af railroad material consisting of ear
wheels, rail., rUh-plate and spikre, from Van
Lick & Co., ooaiK4 le th. Northern Vaetf.
Kailroad.