JjMoch.
Ihe Best Feed for Cows to Produe the LargeBt
Profits In Milk and Butter.
Undoubtedly the most milk and from which
the finest quality and largest quantity of but
ter can be made, is found in the fresh and
luxurious pastute, where ltho cow can get an
.abundant supply without much toil, com
I nosed of sweet, succulent grasses that abound
fin old meadows, Kentucky blue grass is the
best of them all, and w here a good supply of
this evcellent variety can bo obtiined no
other kind need bo desired. It is very nutri
tious, and all grass-eating animals are es
pecially fond of it, and thrive rapidly with its
use. Clover and timothy mixtd also makes
an excellent pasture, which grows rapidly,
renews itself very often during a favorable
season, and produces a very fine quality of
bulter. Stock of all kindi are fond of it; it
is easily raise! and is, perhaps, the most re
liable and successful grass crop known to
this section of country. In the heay clay
soils of Indiana it is a pretty hard struggle to
get clover to remain long in the soil. The
frosts of winter raise the ground and dis
place the roots, and during the dry weather
of the summer" following the plant is 'liable to
die, so that it is rare that a crop of clover
will amount to much after tho second year,
and tho only plan to be provided with this
excellent crop for pasture and hay is to sow
a field every year. Timothy is much more
hardy, and hosts and drouths seem to affect
it but little, an 1 it can b3 depended upon
without renewing for many yeifs. But as
the seasons aro so uncertain, and tho mult of
a very dry one is the partial or total destruc
tion, temporarily or permanently, of the pas
tures, the careful stock owner will see to it
that he prepares a s iling crop of young corn,
to be cut and fed during the hot, dry
summer mocths, or whenever needed. A
good plan is to plant the crop succesively in
May and early days of June, say ten days or
two weeks between plantings, which insures
a fresh grain feed for the CCW3 at the times
when the pastures are parched and dried.
This plan should always be followed wherever
cows aro kept for dairy purposes. Tho corn
should be sown thickly, in rows two and a
half to three feet apart. This admits of culti
vation and promotes tho growth of the plant.
I have found this green corn, during the
months of July and August through a dry
season to be immensely valuable in keepiog
up the flow of milk when the pastures had
failed. ',' It should be cut and fed to the cows
in such a manner and in such quantities as to
avoid waste. A good plan is t j feed it in the
stables! $The adiitional labor of providing
this crop U amply rewarded by the increased
flow of milk and improved condition of the
cows. Green oats, millet, cliver, barley or
any of tha rapid growing grasses wi'l answer
the purpose, but corn, a lartro BUgir i.irie-y,
is best. If more is s wn than is needed for
summer use, it makes an excellent food for
winter when carefully dried and cured and
kept dry. The cows always eat it with great
relish.
In winter the beat frod for cows is good,
sweet clover or millet tint has bet n cut and
cured before' becoming too ripe, combined
with a liberal.supply of corn or linseed meal,
and bran, about equal quantities as to weight,
with roots fed generously at least once a day.
The best are carrots, beets, or one of the
many variet es of mangold wurtzels. The last
named is esteemed highest, as it is more
easily cultivated and produces very largely
and keeps through tho winter well. Turnips
and cabbages are not suitable for food for
dairy cows, as an unpleasant taste and smell
on the milk and butter follow thtir use. A
ration of light corn fodder once a day is
greatly enj iycd by the cows, though they
may be well fed upon richtr and more nutri
tious food.
A variety and change of food is essential to
prod tide the besVresults, both as contributing
to the general health of the animal and as a
means of stimulating the digestive organs,
and thui iucreasing the secretion of milk.
Hay, fodder acd other long feed should
always be run through the cutting box. A
ereat waste arises from fecdintr it any other
way. A mixture of cut hay well ministered
in connection with more concentrated food, as
corn meal and bran, is especially beneficial,
thus uniting the larger quantities of coarser
and less nutritious with the richer food, and
the complete assimilations of the whole may
be better secured. The volume or bulk of the
food contributes to the healtiy activity of the
digestive organ, by exercising a stimulating
effect on tho nerves which govern them.
Thus the whole organization of ruminating
animals necessitates the supply of bulky food
to keep them in good condition. Feed sweet
and nutritious food regularly and change it
often, and the results may confidently be
expected.
It is a source of great economy to cut all
hay, straw aud fodder fed to cows, even
thojgh there be no mixture of meal or bran
with it. They will eat up very closely much
that would otherwise be left and wasted if fed
long. Dry corn stalks, that to many farmers
leave neglected on the ground where they
grow to become a nuisanco when preparing
lor the following crop, if cut at the proper
time 'and after curing stacked and kept dry.
cut and crushed with a suitable machine, fed
to the stock in winter, would become a source
of great profit ,Pure, clean water should at
all times be accessible to the dairy cow, and
is as essential for health and profit as feed,
and without both of good quality and liberal
quantities, the best results will not be ob
tained. The storing of ensilage is attracting a great
deal of attention, and it is stated by those who
have adopted the system to entirely fill a long
felt want, and that the green crops of summer
are so perfectly preserved in their general
characteristics and nature as to possess about
as much value as when first put into the air
tight pit or silo, and that the peculiarities of
the milk and butter produced from tbii kind
of food partake very clearly of that made in
summer from the growing crop, besides stim
nUting a Urge fiow of milk. I have no per
onal expjrienci in this direction, but all re
Porte that I have heard about the feeding of
ensilage are of the most favorable and enthu
"astio character. Nearly all animals are ex
tremely fond of it and eat it with good relish,
the system which was first adopted in France
?y 11. Goflirt, is being extensively followed
, "risus parts of the country, ai before
vv ""ft much success, lo insure ine
wt results and to be entirely successful with
don 'yrtm ' Ceding requires that it be
totv, - 5tt,ir hcur ,nd io qiat'tlea "uited
Thi. ,nt' d capacities of each animal.
enUili judgment and discrimination,
tli.n J0.,'" consume regularly more food
timw v?.her- nd eh n!mal should at all
heahfcV iMhed with a liberal supply of
luy diet, not merely enough to fill up the
cons'ant wasto of the system, but enrughnml
to spare of a food adapted to 'lie pionuction
of n rich quality of milk. Ketp the cows
at wa s in good condition should be tho key
note of every dairy farmer. It is tho great
secret of success, and the difference between
success and failure turns upon it. Coivs giv
ing milk require more food in proportion ti
their siza and weight than any other working
stock or f r iwing animals. It is a hard strug
gle for a cow- reduced in flesh aud blood to Ml
up the wast d sstem with the food that
would otherwise have gone to fie secretion
of milk, but if she is liberally fed, warmly
stabled, and with a good ted, with plenty of
pure, fresh water, roots and otten moist lood,
and properly treated to a frequent carding,
with constant kindness and gentle usage, she
is ready at all times to respond abundantly in
the production of milk. A good cow treated
in tnis wav. under favorable circumstances.
cannot fail to be profitable. Thoroughbred
Stock Journal.
Hogs Their Origin and General Character
istics Selem, Or., March 1, 18S3.
Editor Willamette Farmer:
In my last I promised tj givomyiews
about different breeds of sine, origin of
Berkshire and mode of raising, selecting and
general management. In 1S40, in Illinois,
wo had the Woburn, also the Warren county
hog, Uliio, and he was a great improvement
upon tho Woborn, and a very good hog. Tho
first great improvement is claimed for the
hog of China, then the black hog from Naples,
Italy, and above all -the Siameso hog with a
white stripo on the face and tip of tail and
fret. Essex is considered to be tho oldest es
tablished breed. White Chester, raised in
Chester county, Pennsylvania, is, by many,
held in high repute. Poland China is to-day
the popular breed, and held in high esteem.
The Berkshire, fi'ty yean ago, was a Urge
spotted hog, black and white, sandy and red,
many weighing one thousand pounds. We
are told the first cross was an Essex, next a
hog from Naples, Italy, a black hog, light
made, fine bone and head mouse shaped; and
occasionally a pig comes of that typo, and
some como with full Essex points. The next
and most important cross is the little black
hog of.Siam, with his white points. I prefer
the Berkshire because he has the most lean
meat, weighs well for his looks, has a very
thin skin, and his meat is fine grained and
of food flavor, and, if well fed, is a quiet hog,
aud one of the best grass hogs extaut. Ches
ter White possesses less lean meat than any
other breed, and is a poor grass hog, lies
around his pen for his feed, and there is no
trace at all of his origin. Essex is said to be
the oldest improved hog. I gave them a good
trial, but found them slow growers. I bred
the boar imported here by the late Joseph
Holman to some very fiue sjws, and those pigs
ran with others of my own stock, but did not
do nearly as well. I also had some full bloods,
but I did not consider them a profitable hog.
There has bjen more discussion about Poland
Chinas than about any other hog, and they
have been bred more extensively than any
others, and it is hard to tell how they were
bied; and is thought that the name was given
by those claiming to establish them. Mageo
wanted them named after him, and I believe
the name was given by the Illinois Hog Con
vention, held in Coicago. It is not denied
that they have a combination of blood, such
as the Berkshire, the big China, the Ru sian
hog and others, and their breeding gives evi
dence of it, and by selecting according to dif
ferent fancies a number of distinct breeds can
in time be established from them; and it is
very observable that they are fast taking the
type of the Berkshire, the color being the fac
simile, but retaining the lop ear and coarse
hair; they are my next choice; I htve seen
some good ones The herd of J. A. Country
man, of Kochelle, Illinois, is the best herd I
ever saw, not excepting my fancy Berkshire,
but I must see them dressed aLd test their
quality in that way. But this herd of about
300 head is made to my mind, only the hair is
a little coarse, and the ears lop too much, but
these in time can be set up. Mr. Countryman
has only been breeding twelve years, and he
has excelled all old breeders. As a proof of
this, at the last Chicago Fat Stock Show he
took every premium tut one, a second prize;
aUo 'the rjrize given by Marshall, Field &
Co. of 8125 for the five best hogs on tho
ground of any breed; also, he has taken the
special prize given by the Chicago Stock
Journal Company, for the best ten fat hogs on
the ground, winning this three years in suc
cession. No man has ever won so many hon
ors. Now I ask, how has he accompli htd
this ? By good selection and proper manage
ment and possessing a very superior judg
nient; and I have taken a little credit in
selecting from this herd. They show more
uniformity, a striking family resembance, and
possess a very superior ham. Mr. Country
man evidently had in his mind what a hog
ought to be, having the most profitable points
in view, and using care in only selecting such
as he d sired; and probably he would not find
more than one in fifty up to the full stand
ard. I selected from alwut fifty sows, and
he said I had chosen his choicest pig, and she
was not for sale. Then I took a second
choice; this proves his mind and mine ran on
the sime kind of a hog. Now I think the
Poland a dangerous kind of a hog for an in
experienced person to handle, as he is moBt
likely to select the largest and coarsest, tak
ing for his motto, a hog is a hog, and the
coarser he is the more he weighs, and thinks
if he has to buy shoddy goods he might as
well sell shoddy pork. .
I have been much pleased with the remarks
from the pen of Hon R. C. Geer upon but
ter, bacon, wool, etc., nothing being bought
upon its merits; and to-day many are buying
fine stock from unprincipled breeders in order
to save a few dollars. Peter Ssxe made more
money than all the breeders in Oregon, and
sold at higher prices than any one living here
could, and to ray certain knowledge sold
grades as pure and pedigreed them. I had his
own admisson to that. Parties in Linn
county paid him big prices and got fine pedi
grees as descending from prize winners,
which proved to be bogus. One honorable
breeder sold Saxe a Jersey bull for one hun
dred dollars, without pedigree. Saxe gave
him a good pedigree and sold him for five
hundred. . .
The question now comes up, which is the
btst farmer's hog! and I have no doubt that
many would like my opinion. I believes
cross of Poland and Berkshire is much to be
Preferred. I think the Berkshire needs an
infusion of new blood, and as the Berkshire
are the best mothers, i wouiu urceu u.auu
I boar upon a Berkshire sow. The hisex will
not mil. l nave nu umc ; .u.w.v. ,..,
from choice sows and an hssex boar, showing
scrubby appearance and poor feeders. But,
according to an article 1 saw in the Sa'em
ST-, from G. W. Hunt .one few
weeks azo, there is a new breed of Kssex.
with laws so constructed that they answer
I the purpose of a pair of burrs, as they gnnu
WILLAMETTE FARMER: PORTLAND, OREGON, MARCH
their feed much finer, and lie siys they aro a
grain and grass hoir. I wonder if they arc not
like the Dutchman's horse tlist was very fat
upon s raw, and ho emphasized it was only
half thrashed. It is so, probably, with Mr,
Hunt's Esex, the inrio crnin the better; I
would not wonder. Now, Mr. Editor, there
is much talk of a litter of Essex pigs exhib
ited at our late State Fair as under nine
weeks old, as Mr. Hunt's neighbors say they
were much older, and competent judges pro
nounced them over threo months. I mention
this to give Mr. Hunt a chance to explain,
and others will be ctlled upon soon ts explain
certain entiees at the State Fair in due time.
Thomas Cross.
In-and-in Breeding.
An old Bhepherd who 'read an article that
lately appeared in the Wool Grower, in which
we said that tho danger from what is known
as "in-and-in breeding is much over-estimated,
writes as follows: ''Not only are you right
in saying that the danger is exaggerated, but
you might have gone further and have said
that even if there weie more chances of kin
breeding to kin, flockmasters; would not
have any special cause for complaint. Little
as most of them seem to think it, it is never
theless true that by a regular course of sys
tematic breeding of kin to kin our best sheep
have been secured. Iudeed, 1 very much
douVt if in any other way can distinct types
or breeds (so to speak) be established. I have,
in the course of my breeding, had to breed
stock of the same family together in order
that I might correct an inclination to untrue
breeding in certain 'points. I doa't Unow
what the books say on this point, but my ex
perience leads me to determine that the much
dreaded "in-and-in breeding, as it is called, is
rather to be commended, to some extent, than
to be condemns d, I can easily Beo how it
might be carried too far, but there is not
much chance for such results in our system of
breeding sheep by flocks. I can understtml
that all animals have their weak points, and I
believe the rule will hold good generally that
the animals which are specially strong in
cci tain good points aro very apt to bo specially
weak in certain bad points. Naturally, there
fore, by breeding kin to kin, or by breeding
animals that have a vigorous development in
a certain good direction, you may strengthen
the disposition to breed true iu these good
points, but you run tho risk, also, in strength
ening the disposition to breed true in tho bad
points. Hence the danger, (and here lies
the danger, in my opinion) of continuous in-aud-in
breeding; a danger, by the way, which
must be met to secure the best results. The
trouble is not in breeding kin to kin, in the
abstract, but it la t j know when to stop. I
think, though, that the averago Texan shep
herd need not bo alarmed on this subject, for,
as you have already shown, the chances for a
sire breeding to his offspring, or of a brother
breeding to a full sister, or even of a brother
or sister ot the nan uiooa inter-Dreeuing in
flocks numbering up into the hundreds, are
too small to be worth gravely considering."
For the benefit of Mr. Howard, who says
he don't know what the books say, we will
give him the opinion, on this subject of Mr.
Kaadall, which he will notice is, in a measure,
confirmatory of his views. We will also, in
this connection, say to our readers generally
that the subject discussed by Mr. Howard,
while of little practical value to those flock
masters who breed their ewes in flocks and by
flocks, is nevertheless of value to those who
aro now breeding or contemplate Dreeaing
line sheep in small numbers.
Says Mr. Randall in his work entit'ed
"Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry:" "The re
sult of my experience and investigation is em
bodied in the conclusion that, to attain very
eminent success I would piefer to breed from
a single family having within it all the elementt
of improvement, if it could be done without
breeding in and-in too closely. And some
persons are quite too easily frightened on the
latter Bubject. What can bo made an evil by
being carried too far has, by much talking and
writing on the subject, been made an indis
criminate bug bear at every stage of its
progress. It is by no means true that it is
either unsafe or improper to inter breed ani
mals of any degree of relationship. If it is,
what has saved the Spanish cabanoa for ages?
Or, to to take a specific instance (where there
is no latitude for conjecturing impossihilties),
what has kept up, nay increased the i. i and
vigor and improved the form ot Fvrdiuand
and Louis Fischer's flock for fifty years, when
that flock started with a hundred t wes of one
family and four rams of another family? And
these families have since been interbred
without the admixture of a drop of fresh
blood. Mr. Atwood's sheep present a still
stronger example. Acccordmg to his state
ments, his entire flock, now scattered by colo
nization in nearly all the stages of the Union,
originated from one ewe, and neither she
nor any of her descendant in his hands was
interbred with other sheep not descended ex
clusively from Col. Humphrey's flocks."
Mr. Randall here gives a number of
instances where breeding in and-in have not
only proved not injurious but beneficial, and
then, by way of summing up, he says: '"In
terbre?ding between near relatives becomes
fatal to physical impsrfection; but the drift
of testimony goes to show that it is inocous to
periection. 1 uo nor recomirenu it ycr ae, lur
who shall decide what perfection is? There
comes a time generally when close in-and-in
breeding between the artificial tjifcies which
have been partly moulded tj nan produces
Iobs of vigor and degeneracy, and sometimes
this fatal overthrow is but one step away from
the pinnacle of apparent success. But I
would quite as sedulously abstain from run
ning round from family to family and indi
v.dual to individual to obtain a perpetual
recurrence of disturbing and unnecessary
crosses."
On the whole, we believe that where a ram,
for instance, develops in a marked degree
a particular excellency, and no very marked
defects, he can be safely bred to his own get
even for one or more generations, and that the
tendency of this breeding where the ewes are
also exempt from strikingly bad points re
ferred to we know of no better way to secure
the nsjlts desired. Of course where there
are bad points in the family they, too, will be
perpetuated, but when such prints begin to
develop themselves, then is a good time to
shut down on the in. and-in breeding. Texa
Wool Growtr,
Value ot "Improved" Live Stock.
The live stock of civilized man includes all
domesticated animals quarupeds, fish and
fowl. Eicep'.ing the dog, cat, etc., they are
n.d for flesh, clothing, and motive power.
To speak of the value of improved stock
is simply to say, in other words, that some
animals are more valuable than others of the
same genus, spscies or family. This superior
value is jounu iu n iw.,.wm. . ...-
if : .l In .l.litinn imrirnvement mil;
aivitiuui, Kin, - .r------- - -- j
be made upon them by selection, food, shelter
and judicious oreeumg, n .iuic e.,....o
will illustrate my meaning. IU we wish to
produce beef? Then we must select the brei d
that takes en flesh and fat of the best quality,
in the shortest time; and then, following the
laws of health, we must use ceuerous feed and
shelter. In breeding, however, the tasto for
the bcautilul is not to he ignored, and nenco
form, size and color assume importance.
HltST (JUALITlFS OK MEAT ANIMALS,
The first quality of animals bred for food is
great assimilating power tho capability of
converting food into flesh more rapidly thau
other breeds. Tims the Short-horn breeders
contend that a given quantity 'f food will
make more beef in that animal than in any
other of the cow-kind. Another hrst-rate
duality is early maturity; for, as a greit
portion of all the food of animals goes to keep
up tho vital heat and tho wasting tissues of
tho body, it is important that the animal
should develop its whole capacity of flesh pro
duction in as short a time us possible. Sj tho
Short-horn, which takison 2,000 pounds of
flesh in three years, is a great improvement
upon the scrub which tikes five years to ma
ture and reach the same weight. The gain by
tho Improved stock is the total expenditure i f
food thus saved for two years in in dntaiuing
hetf and the tisucs. as well as tho making of
more flesh for a given sum of feed. Another
of the first quality is that the animals to be
eaten ehouli takn on tat most where fat
is most valuable. Thus tho rumps and tender
loins aro more valuablo than the shoulders
and necks; and the rounds aro preferable to
the fore-legs. Other prime qualities are health
aud vigor, ability to resist cold and heat and
diseases. Minor qualities are size, form and
co'or, which are to be judged in sulordination
to the highest qualities.
TH0RCOHBREDS.
As a general law, running through all aui
mal life, "like begets like;" and yet thtro is
another law of nature which admits of "sport
ing" or variety; otherwise there could bo no
improvement, but all the races would main
tain the one dead level of their original tvii-'
It is not neccsary here to discuss tho subject
whether all the sp, cies came of the original
cenus. or all ot tile (amines ot the same
species. It is sufficient for our purposo to
claim that certain types, gojd or bad, are
more apt to be reproduced from maintaining
the blood ot those types unmixed with other
types; in other words, pure or thorougnurcils,
The long experience of the most sagacious
breeders is oppns'd to mixed bloods as the
means of improvement, because tho progeny
of the two or more types used tend always to
back to the original types.
SrORTI.NO IN WILD LI1E
is very rare, and the return to tho original
type is almost sure; now and then you may
Mad a white crow; but the return to tho black
is certain. Under man's manipulation, when
tho Burroundines are continually chanced
sporting or variation is very common; but I
imagine that climate, food and shelter being
the same, but little is the chanco of new hxed
tvnes. It is frequently said, and I have said
so, that tho Short-horns manipulated by the
Collins and Bates were a mixed breed; but
of this we have no certain proof. On the con
trary, there aro proofs of the Short-horn,
existing long before their day; and whether
Hie original type was luouuuai nim biiu xuivii
cattle and improved by them, or whother
those crosses, on e mixed with the Short-horns
were bred out and the oneiunl type restored,
is not susceptible of proof; but it has a pre
ponderance of testimony and reasoning in its
favor.
IMPROVEMENT UPON ORIGINAL TVPE-".
It is safest, then, to select the types best
suited for the climate and food and ends
desired, and then by the selection of the best
of any type to advance it. Thus beef may be
improved in quality and quantity, anu wool
and milk also advanced by proper selection,
food and shelter. I conclude by saying that
"improved stock" is a reality, and shall deter
further discussing to a future article. 11 u ml
New Yorker.
Breeding the Trotter.
The perfection to which trotting horses
have been brought is doubtless owing to tho
care which has been given to their breeding;
to a much greater proficiency in training; to
better made and prepared tracks, and tolighter
vehicles. That the skillful conjunction of
trotting families has been tho most potent ele
ment will be conceded, and tho endeavor to
intuse a new blood without losing tho requi
site action has given more stamina and capac
ity to keep up a high rate of speed over a dis
tance. The improvement of the trotting
horse has been somewhat similar to that of
raco horse. One animal demonstrateil his su
periority over a majority, and owing to fortu
nate circumstances the Cioldolphiau Barb at
once rose in high repute. Before his era
the breeders of raco horses n England had
learned that the surest way to produce win
ners was to breed from winning blood, and, as
high form usually accompinied first-class per
formances, good development and speed wore
oombtned in the offspring. The frame of
a horse may be likened to tho machinery of a
steam engine, Tho muscles, heait and lut'gs
aro the power. Still an inferior shaped horae,
with the aid of an immense muscular develop
ment may be the victor in fields of his
superiors; but that winner that is of
faulty formation fails in tho stud, a'id when
his procreative qualities ara tested his colts
are inheritors of the form which is indispensa
ble to speed without the muscular force of the
Sarent, and he is uriven into less exacting
utics.
Messenger ranks in the trotting annals with
the famous Barb in Euglish racing and Sir
Archy on the American turf. 1 hough trotting
sneed in his time was indeed not very highly
valued, yet his sons and grandsons were the
champions of their time, and as the sport ro
(Tressed it was fouud that the descendants
of Messenger still retained the supremacy
established in the early histury of the track.
The thoroughbred son of Messenger, Mam.
brino, has been the most successful in perpet
uatinx the capacity to trot fast. Ha was ths
grandsire of Mambrino Chief and Ryad)k's
liambletonian and the sire of Abdallah. The
blood of Messenger is found in the Clays and
the Bashaws, and there are very few of the
really good performers which do not show
more or less of the blood, J'hda Itecord.
Split Hoofs In Horses.
Oaklanh, Or., March 3, 16S3.
Editor Willamette Farmer s
If Mr. Niemackle will take a knife and cut
an incision about an inch long and oie-eighth
of an in:h deep, just above where the point of
the split is visible, all trouble will be over as
soon as the cut prows off.
1 am well pleased with your paper.
The wheat is mostly all killed in Douglas
county, especially the club; white wheat all
right; oats and barley dead.
Yours truly, A. T. Bhl'.n.vkr.
Hew To Dry Cows 7
Wakiiocual, W. T,, Marsh 7, 1SS3.
Editor Willamitte Farmer i
What is the best and quickest way to dry
a cow giving a full flow of milk, without dan
ger to the animal. r, iv. i.
Hi 18S3.
lO&l
o
tl
C )ir i. reentiouit riant. Shnl. tlotts. ltutb.
MpiMfij vtnti. lnciuumif x.i kuun oi uio
iVoirrronl yfablt fELnS. Api'l:
rear. num. frarn. rit. f to,
andallollicrlllfiTS. SI.VTV
CT 1Kb I QfKo.cyWFl3laJWfrJW
1 altlaM,t.atol at rtwer ShU. 40 Strrft (Ji'nf, eta. to&h7QM?27
N I v('vS6 FORANVSEVEN SCTSWSrSaS
r- HnnilrtsI" or ctlif r IWnmoheap; many new and ;-liil!2liSI JS"!" '(YeStttxtF
THE STORRS & HARRISON CO. iiialgSIK
cc T acx.,"u
.ffTTTTTTTlllllll WAill il 1 I
Plilfflffi.
arc fall, rrgnilap aire
a wit -ri
a. - sit. iii..ih.iI..a.
T lio alto to so
LSk nr K tnllsktlnna
f ntTiMsivetaui
MOTH IIITK KUIII'KIHK
is -.. in -. i. i.ii in..
iXS: JL . .. .1 I .-n,l .1... ...l.tl.llJ rllLCll...l Of ItS THklln AI.NOMOMCMS teilIM IIIUIWMI!
rUnlV I ltauml I'urnk. Fee IMm, c.tHcl, uoreml. crrnohtrc. Ilounil tllowliHT
Onlo".3.f lh"b?.l ..wTtnb.tJpc5m'lt C.-.r djll.lju. ,.lr.j ,r.JJ lllsij. I ..r.
IHm lit Hill' llnor -'rrt. mnolh nl huulaomc HpMikh Mon.troii" l'ipprr. new. lug.,
t.bl. or rl.kHn. ' ItouSj Bark ltd IIo.ll.i. i ml,, In., rel "'' 'p.b '"''"""J-, Jf, a
White Hal. ifr. .mll'-i.u.TCKrt.t.u.. Ww MujflowirTomiiti,crlT, .itiHlli,l rlelilrca. inc ''"i" "P11; w
'law : aim. nnatifiii inii iirifai urns nil pn . .........
LOO. .nlltl .imtlnn Will gl.n imi'. .n.-.r. i ......vr '"' "; , I - Vl..- !.. f . Il..n llnlln.
br.ldljold.ll lrln Vh..ut.!!l L nnrLnir. -. A wmpUlj .pt Mot. !" ft' '' 'l
1 . " nmr.iNnTriHS .""'',:'. ;",w7v;sis .,;..,. ...-..,
, ,lro..nap.rll,c.c.1,l.n,r.-n:.qu.nu.i.
Y.riCliei. wo.rt, UIIIUMiniVIIW l""!""".. ..
ft77S.OO .?nXA.'"
I tlKawaTtrjour ftuiid.MSilthiml.iu(lllijou
FLOWER SEEDS!
lent, with full directions for r
i itiiiFi.ii"M iji'.ii '
I I'hlnr. Vi.rbrnn.Nrw
tic, with lull dlrrtuoiii for ruiiurr, iot ""J . . '"
raiieB, the onlj comnifin vniaiocue piiuimnni, r..i.n .... -., ..... -,,,""-- t-(
I. ?. . .. . '. ..-? ik...i i u.,k vn p.mHrc Xn. Iitiniirtant uviltlfft OT rial JlCTIl
:nlhi. Small Ira
Dill, 11IUUUUU V t'W l'lin. -".. .
IV ATI EC HliUUbl. Af. I.ll-
' ... mm
IT. Hibbb wyiii -- ww-
Eastern Cranberry Vines
rou s.i.i: Fiioii
A. J. BURT'S BOG,
Olympla, V. T.
I.OflO lnr,
ft.ouu lliim, .
10,0110 II lira.
.1 T.OO
::ooo
so 00
Send m wy hy ItpjrWrcil letter. Money Order or
Wei's, r'argo 4 Co's , with dlrcttlona for lorwsrdinir.
In 1877, 1 planted thrco Ml feet ticdi ol tho Jersey
cranlicm lines. I jilnntcd tliem IS lm lies spirt, eaen
j : sanded one bed six Indies deep, one tliree inches,
and another I planted on the natural unit.
Tho sanded beds Ichlid hut a few berries an aro
dilwrout In 1880 I mthcrcd from the natural hod
to lanresuirar harrela ful! ol herrles, and only one
barrtl frra I oth the sand d ones. Miltk or Teat land
thatoterflos until al c lithe Drat of May la tho bet
for the Cranh rry. Ki ,1 tho atcr on the vines until
tho late frot are ovtr, and jou lll hive a good irop
Plant by dropping tho lines 2 feet by 0 Inche", and
forclnu Intotlie muck with a forked stick or wedire
shaiied dlbblo. Hoe out tho nerd, the first year; pull
them out by hand the second, and tho third year thij
will take care of t cinsclves.
A. J. BURR.
Olimpla, Thurston Co., W. T.
octlln3
C. N. POTTER,
NURSERYMAN,
SALKM. OK.
Fruit, Shade and Ornamental
Trees, Shrubbery. Vines
Etc.
raJIas an especially fine lot oflM
PLUM and PRUNE TREES,
OK TUB
VERY BEST VARIETY.
AuMress C. N. I'OTTEIl,
Novl2tt Salem, Oregon.
GEO. F. SILVESTER,
IMI'OlirKR ANU'
Wholesale A Itctuil Iscaler in
!
Fruit and Evergreen Seeds,
Plants, Etc.,
Alfalfa, ntss ami Clover Seed,
In lare iUautltles, ami offered in lots lo
purchisers.
IIEIX1K 8IIKAIW,
I'UUNINO and HUIiIiINU KNIVES,
(1HKKN HOUSE HYINOKS, ETC.
SEED WAREHOUSE:
NO. 817 WASIIINtnoN BT BAN FIlANflSW.
feblinS
REMOVAL
THE OREGOfilEED DEPOT
We hre fornul twn 1 It nwwiury to secure lwr
quarttra to .u.cMDmoate our continually
I( KKASIXJ HISI.MIKS.
Bo we bate Itaif I one of those fine new stores on
Beccnd .trett, oorner of Kolinon, where we will ke
plea.ed to meet all of our old and new tu.tomirs
Hew Heed, now arrlilnil. Krntl lr mIj
loicar Ju.l oul, Heist tUt.f. on Appllrnllou.
j.cij UII.LEK HKU3.
EVERGREEN MILLET,
( ill, J0llNhos aiuSH,)
MIILKK IIKItn.. CAN BLII'I.V ANV ANI)
II demands AIM 14'ents lor ll. 'tlthrated
UONARC1I ilE'.linC. Usbit
WtrajM,, to.jJiw.txaj uj jm
Mr tCKclnble iiml I lower fei1 Intnlogiie for
lhS will te tcnl I ktlB to all who apiV luMomcrsof
liit ifMcm need not m fir It. All kenl Bent from my
eUb.Uhiiientwrr intcl to l both fnsh ami truct name,
to fat, that liuuKl it itotc otlicrwisL. 1 Sirre. to tfill tin
order (iriiii. My collection of lettable seedis one of i
nit mum extensile iu ixj luunu in any American catalogue,
nd a larcepirt of It it of my own erowinp A thp
original I'ttroducor of 1 nrly Ol.ln nnllturbunk
1'olHtocn, MnrMrhrAil Tnrly Corn, Die Ilnbbnrd
Sqtsttfth, Mnriilrhrnil Ctitibnsrr, J'hlnncy Melon,
mi a ore of nther new exit's' its I Initte the j ttron
Be of the public lrt the pirdcni anion the farms of
tfioe lin (stint my teed will be found rn) le.t Advertise
tncnt. James J. II. Creszorv. Mirt.lehe.vi. Mais.
r? t ri t rsiisiliiiti,iti i . .1 i'rr.
MJitutilijuiltitalvittitvfuuuMt iuig,j .
TtltfnniOUB itfferllylrUI 'ear, 8 1 150
MMlli LtCvnta l'r r Jt Champion
QKKl'9&ytnnce.'?fi IT.. ! Japnnta
rhloxt!&riT7i.ivnrtchtt. r. fruit lm
n n iffiiiiinsB'lfr nirnirlr l-mro, Bwut.
Tft llant'i CiUalvattWSSiW UUtHswmii Jt
13 Vhrvmihmnmr.toA&&2berry,ilLTmuiQ
Ivor.ltlnsiiiiltiirWllsl.SrKKlsOirfrr.II'iC. Hct
RURPEE'SSEEDSAREWAR-
mm raiilisl tlcatwlsiaa Iu f, rv rr snort !
Kqual Nomi llrttcr. To Induce thousands of iiaw H
cuatomr-ri lu sire thcin a fair trial wo will icud for
60 cti. one racktt eaih of the following new and J
ckolor.t Varlrtlmi Tho CUBAN JtRKN
melons (rrin from our 8ol .last scanon, weight d re
lSrAHll I'KIZi: fr IHH8, for the tiro largest ,
mi hull raised from our i-coulnt Herd. Montreal '
Urtxnnt me Melon, largest n record, oue mel
on weighing tt&Tbft. the Tat scaon, and of luscious I
In on 0 oiur UU aS VACIl mr inrrr laririi
Montrf all grown litis tramn New 'o U Cabbac i
very earlv, a sure header of Hne quality. Cllani
VT 111 IV ii mi usi iiniuis( RiuKit iv "iiiu i v s !. i
each mil 1 aod ilraant. We will pay f tt CAH1I M
I'liJZI-.N for lamest ottnesc Unions. UUHs'J-.lVB
rLlH AX TOM TOF8. the best of all Tomato.
ttrtainly thtcttmaxvf) rrftrtion. .New I'rrpelaal
kUf 1UP1 Ulirii st 1 1 nil- iui a in hi usi-, out mvm tug j
will do for whole season. Jnnanrao NtF W
licet, tamest, im.
-"': -:::"",- ",--"-.. ns.
.. m1
paritri" rir"w i
Wotlllir.dlbo
entire collection br mall pom inld.M any dlrca. for
i inn. rrmi tt i niirrri. sa nnii if i bi art
COKN, uJ iuple or the injirhil MT
uc.. ".. "J .- "- ,-- ,: -,,. .,. A
- "...:.:....:.; - ... .:-.!. ..Mltlhrpff,,lr,i.toraer.
3 'imi,Iot. lullu Uilloclkni. ra.noa lot t.. a
Nunll.mi r. dr. (U.nokil.), nit lirliiitiriil lurlr. m
i.i'.i'i lip:. oi.Kirnfe .wi. ,, ...-....,
"''",'''.;'"," " 1"i':'.",,V ,.;," ,A ,.,,.. KiiW.
- - ...,, ..... - --- - (
iMiit titrfi
:'V.itVX mkm.Va .ITtLmJ
I'll II. ILL I I'll I " "v'Y-.tj i? J a
-"-" ----. -- - . - m tmm
a
.
lmlmmmmmm2mmmnZJmmmmmmmmmmmmmI'
THE DINGEE & CONARD COS
IlEAUTimi. KVEUaiUIOMLMl
ROSES
SPLENDID POT PLANTS, speolnlly pre
pared for Immediate Bloum. Delivered
atel bnuilll'uBtinJd.atiillioHtMlltiii.oiI'ku
dld 1 aiictU'M, your choice, all lulxletl, for 1 1 a
for 82) IOfnrS3: 20 fir 841 3SforS8; 78 for
I0,ioor. 3i3 VJC CIVEullmdeome
PrueontnicliolceandvnlUDbletiOSEUlrae
wittiuvtiyc,r',er Our HEW CUIDE," tunijUn
Trrnltie tin the Itoce, 70 IP. tletjantljf illuttraltilJ rx
to all. THE OINOEE & CONARD CO.
Ecso Oreweri, West Qrors, Chester Co., Ft.
HowWeTesfSeeds.
Protably from the fact ttiat cmr Ion,; cKterIcnce at
ftactlcal Gardencri, mml us reallit the neceiiily more
Uwinjly than inoit seal tlcalera, we very early In our
career aj seedimen (naupurate th pratt'ee of teitinii
tli irmU before aellinif, Vtoia the liuall c. evun in
1873, uui practke hat citeiuletl and ttciomc hu ivi
teinatlzed that the iat teason It retuired the entire uae
of one of our lartcekt ifrcenhouaes for our aercl tcli dur
lnrtliefdll ami winter, and afterwards (nuprine In the
oen Rrouml we had act out many thouaand ptants, rrt
reneniiiis the stock In vegetable seeds alone of over
growers. All these irt are carried nn under the tier
lonal supervision of PI. U R HlNKIiRSON, anj as the
auUioriiUardeiilnKrurIrontMhashadasluntaiul
as varied an emeriti iila at moat nmn In niMiimni n.
nected with the soil. It will l seen that we are placed in
a position to Judi; e, not only u to the (ferrainatitii: pre p.
ertles. but what is of far more Importance, the purity of
and the kinds of seeds best suited for all gardening
purines. If therefore you can buy seeds as cheaply
from us, and we think It you will coinitare prices you
will find that you canIt will certainly be to your inter
et t do so. Our CTsitaloajue for i&hof Kvery thins
for the tiiirtlvii Is now ready, and will be suaflcd free
on application.
PETER HENDERSON & CO.,
3J&37 Cortlandt St., New York.
TANGENT NURSERY.
II. W, Sftttloiiiiro, Proprietor.
Hlnrlfil IH.17. 30 learn 11 .NiirMI'jliiRU.
AM, HOIITH OK
l'lllll, OU.VAMI.M'AI. mill Mil A lit
Trees, Vines and Shrubbery.
tF Stud to Tin iiut, Oteyrm, for rIco lUt ami ilci
tridlvu tutulcixitc. iludMl
y- CHEAPEST"""
LANTS
SEEDS!
mn nnn thrifty plants
fUUvUUU FOR SALE. lawKlwl,
(iunhar'anlullin ) Alllul.lml. Won II Ifllarve
ilnViEVER-DLOOMINQ ROSE8roR$
lainwi.liowi-SillUAMl'.IIHf. rMI. I g ,'
lli:i. Ill'I'lllil'O. Ml. 1-' liuiiU.mu I I (II-
HlAH. HI. 12 cinialimuUl OI.I'.IIH, Ml, ami
:":.'..!:. .....,.. ..11 ... n .U.,U ..,, ,.r n
luauy Mfyrtt
Nturlyallof our c-ilittlnii i
ri
Hewlii illinliliirn, an Qrnii, l.nilli'' Tollc-l
fiiaCD. and a l.rirti uuliilTr d Win r viiIiihIiIk
nmrm,)hstti orders i
Our Kill nlldlrTllii.tnitMl HI kui; .1'aUUwili', enn
blnlliK our In a u Uh tlmi nf 11ant and Hmb,
andiiiirlvii ili-tl iirrmlu I'ltl'.i: to all. K-ry.
onnw. Inif till, ulll ilnilaiojiy ti'iy liilrrrMlsm.
lr-hi:MI I'Olt IT. .1linlli.il lliln 1'iipir.
LEE08 & CO. Vn'T.'V.o'Nr.'.'fi'.fr;,:
MCronva-2ti-7ro
Ibnill Ofla'
W&2&
SUED
ksrsav ibPbssJJ r'aw
NNVAL
tfOPt 883.iiZ
I aT.Kie Lnaul aiitsliULiibs. xiiil
Utuion ot iwt yer without ordfrtDtf it Itcontaine
alxjut 176 j ik wt, on Illiutratlon. jtIkw, no. u rati
dMcrii-tioiia aud valmblu d) ruction a fur UitttiiK
iww varifii'-w uj tveuiwu aw rm-nir ntuw.
Haute, r rult Trufji, tic. lualua)4 to ill, twi-ot-Tally
to Marka flanUtjent. Heudforltl
D. M. FERRY & CO. DETnoiT Mich.
BEST MARKET PEAR
l'rATll,-l.l'M,IT.Ajl, Ari'l.t.
t I V4 t at ml -illu,str.iiai lUUsssili
CTDiiiioroDirc1''" ttd
j 1 nunoLnnitO"" ,
'r MMM). ltaji It-Tticw.liUck.
It rnrt, Oiirrwila, t w.ru(-f rta4.
I ut t rok imett. tnl furtHutiJ4
J. K till I.l.NsMtMtmluHH.Ii. J
USE ItOSE PILLS.
IHI
eprrii viirM-iMs tt'JIlll IN I'llVH VWVO
fur,l,IIII OHIIKIIK, IjMMeaiiiiiUHCiMUBrtltkts
urr In HriiMV Um l.iH ,"t lii4fci
.....i...f..W., Ii.iss UnrLk. Illilil'iia i Olil
! ' s iiimi ' 1 "t - -" I- - . . -
UlV
mflw
IjffJgi
will IjoiuaUo?
iu tu
X lifl
!1