Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 19, 1883)
WILLAMETTE ?ARMEE: PORTlANP, OREGON', JANtJAll 19, 1883. fyhl som firrl Edlto! by Mrs Harriot T. t'lnrke. TRUE LOVE. There is true love, and yet you may Have lingering doubts about it; 111 tell the truth and simply Bay That life is a blank without it. There is a love both true and strong, A love that falters never; It lives on faith and suffers wrong, But lives and loves forever. Such love is found out once on earth The heart cannot repel it; Prom whence it comes or why its birth, The tongue may never tell it, This love is mine, in spite of all This love I fondly cherish j The earth may sink, the skies may fall, This love will never perish. It is a love that cannot die, But, like the soul, immortal, And with It cleaves the starry sky And passes through the portal. This is the love that comes to stay All other loves are fleeting; And when they come just turn away It is but Cupid cheating. Alice Cary. For tho Willamette Farmer. MY GRAVE. BY ROSETTA LUST SCTTOS. In some obscure and lonely place No matter if it be, So that you put a flower there To keep me company; Plant any little, lowly flower To keep me company. And plact there, too, some humble shrub, Not largo enough to keep The sunshine off, lut where the birds May Bing to me, asleep; Some passing bird may chance to light And sing to me asleep. So with the flowers and with the birds Under the warm bright sun, I would in quiet lie at rest After my work is done; Contentedly would lie at rest When all my work is done. much of ours, but we do not put it on the market in as good shape. Farmers must learn that nnless produce is put np in an at tractive way it will not command tirst class prices. We bought some Oregon honey last week that was broken and half bee bread. This was because the bees had not been fur nisbed the frame to build the comb in. Cali fornia honey comes in a neat square frame of wood, and every cell is sealed up close, so that not a drop of it is wasted. But we are wandering from the subject. We believe that poultry raising can be made profitable ; but there is work about it. In the first place the chickens when hatched must be cared for, else they will die and money will be lost, as in that case one loses the eggs the hen would have laid while set ting, besides losing the eggs under her, so it behooves one to care well for the chicks when they do come. Large numbers are not apt to do well together. Forty or fifty hens well cared for is better than a hundred running loose. If handy to market it is well to raise chickens to eat, but if remote eggs are more convenient to ship. Eggs have have been fifty and sixty cents in Portland all winter. We would not like to send live chi;kens ou on a lonir trin. for thev suffer very much. We are pained every day to see the poor creatures crowded in close boxes, hungry and starving for water. These boxes stand on sidewalks and wharves. We have always felt an at tachment to the fowls we raise, and cannot bear to see such cruel suffering, so would always prefer to go into the egg business in stead of raising chickens to ship off. Farmer's Wife. POULTRY RAISING AS PROFITABLE PLOYMENT FOR WOMEN. EM- For the Willamette Farmer. THEN AND NOW. BY ROSETTA L0.ST SUTTON. The breezes through the locust trees With pleasant murmurs run, And all about the wheat fields lie With their bronzed faces to the sun. Yon little spots of stubble land Glow as they were aflame Whence yesterday from silver drift Of rye the reaper's music came. White, shining clouds float lazily About the placid sky, And peace seems writ on every leaf Asleep in sweet tranquility. It reminds me of a year ago, When o'er the browning wheat The sunshine lay as bright as now, The air as quiet was and sweet. And walking where the ripe sheaves lay In gathered glory on the plain, We marked how wondrous beautiful The world had grown again. Alas I that all the beauty Ut the harvest s golden plow, Fails to restore the old delight It gave to us a year ago. Yet, not alas God's perfect love Illumes thy fairer clime ; Thou art a gathered sheaf, but I I still must wait the harvest time. ortttnl.tiraL It is to be hoped that the Home Circle may be excused for being so zealous in proposing employment for girls and women. When a woman has once enjoyed the comfort of own ing a little pocket money, of the expenditure of which no one can question, that one feels like telling the rest of the sisters to try and see' how good it is, and how much more self respect one has, to feel able to gratify her own taste and wishes. It is not a pleasant thing to be obliged to ask one's husband for money, even if that husband be a liberal, good hearted man. There Is always a beggarly feeling about it. When one is living an a farm, it does seem that poultry raising must pay, if only conducted like any other business is, with care and proper arrangements, that is good houses and yards. There is in this, like every other business, many things to contend with, such as wild animals, hen lice, etc. A lady told me a few days ago of sitting sixteen Bronze turkey eggs under a hen. Of these, fifteen hatched. She sold, after six months, all but three, for $30. Some were sold for breeding purposes, as they were fine birds, nd tome for the Christmas maiket. She said that the feed did not really amount to much, as they raised the wheat, and when the tur keys were youug seemed to live almost en tirely on grass and insects. She also said that she found the most necessary thing in turkey raising was to keep the Utile ones out of the wet, to house them during a rainy time, which was not difficult, as they are not good flyers, and a very little hindrance will keep them from flying up and out of a pen. Tur keys are fond of vegetables and green stuff, and should have it while young; also, onions chopped up with a little pepper if it be cold, chilly weather. It was better luck than.usual to hatch and raise fifteen out of sixteen tur key chicks. It is not altogether luck either, but a good deil of common sense. In raising chickens there ought to be good coops that can be closed tight at night, so that the hen can be confined 'and keep the lit tle chicks from being dragged about in the grass and wet, as the hen would surely do if let alone. It is well to let the hen run, so as to get insects and worms on pleasant days. The worst enemy we have to deal with is "hen lice," and no chickens can be raised where these parasites are. The hen, if In Tested, will communicate them to the chicks as soon as they are ont of the shell, and they will droop and die in less than a week. Sul phur should be thoroughly sprinkled all over the hen and the nest,' to Insure them from being eaten up. A lady not long since told us that she did not raise a dozen chickens last year from this cause, she not knowing for a long time what was the matter. It was a rented place, and had n old church house on it which was badly infected. There is no use, in cur opinion, to try to clean out inch a building; the only way Is to burn it down, and kill off the chickens or doctor them be fore putting them in a new house. We have had experience in this thing years ago. Lice cannot be starved out, they might be frozen out, and this is probably the reason that F-astern papers do not complain of them. We have mild weather that will not freeze them .oat. We nailed up a house, and nearly a year after on examination the lice were lively, but most likely hunery. so we tore the build- In Hnwn. a friend at the same timo tel'ing u that she had used nve gaiion 01 oow mi . falledto get them out of her handsome hen house, finally tearing it down and using the lumber for fire-wood, and the lice would crawl all over her hands in using the kindling. Rata and hawks are bad, but the can be watched. There seems to be no way in which the women of the family can so well make a little money a In this. 'Bee keeping require more care and considerable experience, but if one is able to andersUnd these little creaturei there can be money made out of them, beaides getting CHOICE RECETPES. Canned Corrants Soven pounds ripe currants, one pound raisins, three pounds sugar. Cook raisins in a little water till ten der, then add the rest. Boil and seal as usual. French Rolls Beat two eggs and mix with them a half pint of milk and 'a table- spoonful of yeast. Knead well and let it stand till morning. Then work in one ounce of butter. Mould into small rolls and bake at once. To Clean Silk To clean and renew black silk, use one quart of soft water and an old kid glove. Boil down to one pint and then sponge the goods with a piece of soft flannel, and iron on the wrong side while it u damp, and the silk will be as stiff and glossy as new. For a light-colored silk use a white glove. Indian Corn McrriNS Beat one egg thoroughly; put in a coffee-cup; add one ta blespoon brown sugar, one tablespoon thick cream or butter; fill with buttermilk or sour milk, two handfuls corn meal, one small handful wheat flour, one half teaspoon soda, rubbed into the flour. Bake in muffin rings on a griddle. Lemon Cheese Cakes Put half pound butter into a basin and beat it up until it is a cream, add the yolks of two eggs, the rind of two lemons grated, the juice of one and a tablespoonful of castor sugar. Mix these thoroughly. Line a dish or patty pans with puff paste and pour in the mixture and bake in a moderately quick oven. Potato Cake Mash cold boiled potatoes with pepper and salt, mix in a very small proportion of flour and a little yeast; mix this into the proper consistency with thin cream or milk, roll out to the thickness of an inch, and cut it to the size of the frying pan; grease this, lay in the cake and cover with a plate, w nen one sme is cooj-cu imu it over and fry till done. Spirits of ammonia, diluted with water, if applied with a sponge or flannel to discolored spots of the carpels or garments, will often restore the color. Raw starch, applied with a little water, as a paste, will generally remove all stains from bed-ticking. To clean metal plates, keyholes of doors, etc., also stair rods, use sapolio, or, if brass, rottenstone. Silver in constant ubo is best kept nice and bright by washing it every day in warm soap-suds and drying it with old linen. Burns and scalds are immediately re lieved by an application of dry soda covered with a wet cloth, moist enough to dissolve it. To clean irons use a lump of beeswax tied in a rag; bub tho irons with it when hot, and then scow with a paper of clotb, sprinkling with salt. To remove spats from furniture, take four ounces of vinegar,, two ounces of sweet oil, one ounce of turpentine. Mix and apply with a flannel cloth. Soot falling on the carpet from open chim- nr naraleulv handled stove-pines, if thickly covered with salt, can be brushed up without injury to the enrpet. One pound of green copperas dissolved in one .quart of boiling water will destroy foul smells. Powdered borax scattered in their haunts will disperse cockroaches. OUR LETTER BOX. Only two letters this week for this column, but then both are so good and long, that they count for more. J. H. has taken great pains to write well; also, care is shown in spelling and punctua tion. These very necessary points in the writing of a good letter are not so often ob served as they should be. But it is not so much the fault of the children as of the teach ers, who now neglect the common branches, and who do not pay the attention they should to reading and spelling. There are many graduates of our best schools who could not get up and read before an audience without stumbling in pronunciation and neglecting the commas and periods. We know of one young lady graduate who could not bound the United States the next week after taking her diploma. M..A. C 0. B., too, has sent an excellent letter, telling all about affairs in that part of the valley. Every one who has written speaks of the pleasant Christmas times. That day is pleasantly observed everywhere, and there are but few children who are not remembered by Santa Claus. The fashion of Christmas trees came from Germany, I think. The old New England custom for children was to hancr un a stocking by the chimney side. We can remember trying to keep awake to catch old Santa Claus putting In the presents. Now the gifts are so numerous and varied that a Btocking would not hold enough. A few candies and some trifles were enough to make children happy. Then sometimes a cold potato or a little switch would he found in tho sticking. But the pretty green tree lighted up with candles is a lovely sight, and one that seems to have great attractions for the little folks. It is to fie supposed that all of our young folks know why this day is kept, and why presents are given, and why it is kept as a day of festivity and rejoicing. Still it may be that some have not thought about it. So if some one of you would write upon the subicct it would be a cood idea; it would not matter if half a dozen wrote; no two would .write the same thing. Apples lor Evaporating and Feeding. Waihouoal, W. T., Jan. 9, 1883. Editor Willamette Farmer : Tne apple has been so long and universally cultivated in our country that it ould seem a waste of time to write or print anything about it, but when one looks over the orchards of the country, compares the growth in differ ent locations, and notes the result of different methods of cultivation and pruning, or the lack of one or both, it will be seen that thtre is something wrong with a majority of the orchards, and that there is still something to be said and learned about apples. Tho raising of apples as a profitable branch of farming is yet in its isfancy. It is not yet ten years since the drying of apples was brought to such perfection as to produce an article almost equal to green fruit for making sauce and pies. It is just seven years since I first saw such an article, and I then lived in a county which produced for market almost as mujh of that product as the remaindir of the United Stato-. These dried, or so-called "evaporated apples,'1 are of bo good a quality as to be preferred, in the spring, to the green fruit, for all culinary purposes. These evap orated apples, (I use tho name under protest it should be "dessicated") make their own market wherever introduced, and bring a much better price than common dried apples, sometimes twice as much, and find a constant ly increasing domand. Being near'y as good as the green fruit, and weighing only about one-tenth as much, they can seek distant marktts, from which the other is excluded by higher rates of freight. Again, their keeping quality gives them a decided advantage, for when proporly packed they can make long voyages, and be kept as long as desired in any climate. With these facts in view it will tie secntnat the apple orchard of the future will be more profitable than that of the past. And it be hooves the farmers in this new country, where so many are just making a start, to know what thev are planting ior wins jurpiwe they are planting it, and to see that it is prop-' erly cared for afterwards. The varieties which should be planted will depend largely upon the purpose for which they are planted, and somewhat upon the lo cation. If planting with the intention of marketing the fruit, there should be such va rietioa as will extend the marketing season from that of Red Astrachan to Yellow New town Pippin; and while the list might contain a few other varieties, it certainly should in rlndn heaidca the abovo named. Gravcnstein. Twenty Ounce, Tompkins County King, Bald win, Northern Spy, Esopus Spit7enberg, and Lady Apple. Preference should bo given to red, or partly red apples, because tnoy are not so much injured in appeatance by slight brnises as are the jellow and green varieties, and they generally sell best in the market. The early varieties should bo planted in mod erate quantity, as their season is short, and they have to compete in marxei wnn neacuog, plums, etc. Tho bulk of the orchard should bo of Baldwin and Northern Spy, because they keep well, are handsome, and of good quality ; the trees are of good, vigorous growth, and require as little, if not tho least attention, ot any sianuara varieties, mu Northern Spy is a shy bearer in many loca tions, but that is rather in its favor hero, whero most varieties bear too heavily. If planting with the intention of drying we must consider whether it is desirable to com mence with fall fruit, or to work only during the winter. Apples for drying should be of good size, without too largo a core; of smooth surface, not ridged or uneven, so that they may be pared quickly and neatly. They should be ot good flavor, for it is quite easy to dibtinguish the varieties of fruit in the des- eicated product. They should keep well, so that the work may continue from three to four months. The Baldwih and Northern Spy meet all these requirements, as well as others previously mentioned, Hop Growing. Tho hop growers are the happiest members of the community. They have done well. be yond their expectations, and some of them ex traordinarily well. They are light hearted and full of tilk, and numberless are the narratives that they have to make of the pretty "strikes" or unfortunate "misses" of the past season. Some of them, in their eagerness to make themselves safe against possible low prices sold a few months ago for 13 and 15 cents per pound. Others, as the price gradually came up, sold for 18, 25 and 30, and on up to 40, 60 and 60 cents. The latter 60 cent a pound is the prevailing price at present, but will probably not long remain so, as growers all over the Union are holding out for 75 cents and $1. One farmer of our acquaintance leased four acres of hop-planted land list spring for $200, and his neighbors thought him foolish for paying so high a rate (or it. He sold the product of that Tittle patch a few days ago for $4,000, and, after paying all expenses, includ ing the $200, netted over $3,000 on his ven ture. Another farmer, also of our acquaint ance, was offered $35,000 last week for the product of his thirty acres. Still another man, who bought a small hop ranch for $3, 500 last year, has just been offered $16,000 for it. Such a condition of affairs was never be fore known, and those so pleasantly affected by them may bo oxoused for feeling a trifle exhilarated thereby. Some of them do not know what to do with their suddenly acquired riches, and aro investing it in all manner of schemes, in town lots and wild lands, in ex tensions of their hop fields, in finer it Helling hou'cs, now furniture, bettor living, trips to California, the Atlantic, mid even to Europe, etc. The acreage in hops will bo increased at least 25 per cent, during the next season. No trouble in getting pickeis is apnrchcmlcu iy some of tho farmers. It will bo necessary, though, they believe, to send for them, and not to depend upon their coming. A higher rato for picking will also have to be paid, but that can easily be done when the growers get M cents a pound and upwards ior tneir crops. At tho highest prices for labor, etc., yet paid, growers in Washington Territory can sell their hops at 10 cents per pound and cover all outlay, and when this is considered, as also tho fact that 1,500 to 2,500 pounds can be raised to tho acre, the profit in the business may easily be calculated; and at 60 cents por pound is greater, by long odds, than that en joyed in any other line of business in those parts, not excepting the publication of news papers. Seattle Post-lntelligeueer. Facts About Wheat. Mr. J. T.lRothrock, Professor of Botany la the Agricultural College of Pennsylvania, sayr that it was long ago noticed that, wheat from France, when cultivated in Canada, needed td be acclimated before it would yield a good crop. Climate also has an important influ ence on the proportion of gluten and starch found in wheat. That grown in a warm cli nute has more gluten in proportion to th starch than in a cold climate. The gluten contains a large quantity of nitrogen, which serves to build up the muscular portion of tbj system. Starch contains a large quantity of carbon, which, with oxygen, is a generator of heat, and is especially needed oy man in a cold climate. If a kernel of wheat is divided by cutting it crosswise the outer coat will b composed of the cellular tissue or bran ; the next it the gluten and the central portion the starch, which constitutes a large portion of the kernel. In grinding a large portion of the important element, gluten, is often lost with tho bran. Wheat contains the largest amount of gluten in proportion to the starch when ripe. In an experiment v. ith Narbonnf wheat it was found that when cut eighteen days before being ripe it contained only six per cent, of gluten, but twolvoper cent, when fully ripe. Since gluten is not quite so whlU as starch it will follow that wheat cut a little) before it is dead ripo will make a whiter flour than when cut at a later period, hut it will bo less nutritious and less in quantity. Angel's Food. We have otten been asked for the method of making this very excellent delicate cake. It is easily made after a little experience. It is just as economical as any other cake if gold cake is made of the yellowsof the eggs, which is as well where one is making a variety of cakes for a largs company, and is especially nice for a bride's cake. Sift one cup of flour three times, then put a teaspoonful of cream of tartar into it and sift it three times more. Put a pinch of salt into the whites of eleven eggs, and beat them to a froth. Sift a cup and a half of granulated sugar Into the eggs. When mixed, add the flour lightly, and lastly half a teaspoon of vanilla. Mix all as quiokly as possible after the eggs are beaten, using only the egg beater. Turn Immediately into a round pan with a tube in the center. Do not butter or paper the pan. Bake slowlv in a ,Ar,j. nrn hnnt an hour. When done, turn the 'pan upside down on the edge ol two cups, being careful not to let it touch the cake. Let it cool, then loosen with a knife. Use Iresh eggs that have been kept In a cool place. The oven should not be opened until it.. I.. K. hMiv in ten minutes, and not often after that time, always remembering to open and shut the door gently. This cake. i.;j. h l.tw Wmna so celebrated and ..i.. i i. -.l.lna nnn than' an old-fash toned white sponge eake. Iti ixcellenoe d. .j. .ntjr.li on th muoM of making and baking. Stow mixing and too quick baking will make it tough; a patent egg beater i almost indispensable. There are pans made j.h u n. )h tan nnmoaelv1 for baking it; D iuuucv .. . - - wi-..--- !- r a;----.--- .. -.- a good deal of companionship and pleasure, they are Jar more conveniens - Lost Vallet, Dec. 31, 1882. Editor Home Circle : Well my litt'o friends Christmas has come and gone. I hope you al will enjoy many happy returns of it. I received several pres ents, anion? which was a pair of beautiful vases presented to me by mamma. Since I last wrote you I have been assistant teacher in a public school on Pleasant Hill. I enjoy teach ing very much, and also I like to be a stu deut. I have a canary bird that sings sweetly for us, atd I try to give it good attention; be sides I have some pretty double geraniums and some fuschiai. During the cold freezing weather I keep them near the fire. During the high water, on account of the damage done to the railroad, we did not receive the Faruer at the usual time. I missed it very much more than any of our other papers. We patronize the Old Path Guide. I prize it very highly, but am sorry to say the senior editor is sick, and has gone to Florida for his health. I am studying J. G. Crow's method of short-hand writimr. and think it very interesting. With a short allusion to the weather I will close, It is quite cool in this vicinity, and the sharp, Slercing winds from off the snow mountains quite disagreeable in the early part of the day. Wishing you all a happy New Year, and my love to Aunt Hetty, I remain your friend, C. C. B. Tangent, Or., Dec. 17, 1882. Editor Home Circle ; It has been some time since I have written to the Farmer, but I saw a letter from one of my schoolmates, Johnny Jourdan, that put me in the notion of writing again. I would like to have his post-office address in full. We had a very dry summer here, and have bad a warm winter. We have a new school house at Tangent, near those trees south of the warehouse. Johnny Walter McGhee is our teacher; we have a good school. Father built a new house this summer. We are liv ing in it now. George is at Eugene goipg to school at the State University. We expe t him home Christmas time. He has been gone since the 8th of September, We expect to have a good time then. I have killed twenty eight ducks, and hare not hnnted much either. I have a little sister eighteen month ld, She is as pretty and sweet a can be; her name is Edith. Lelia baa a little sitter; her name is Pearl. Our schoolmates are well. Austin Vernon died a abort time ago. I would like to pay Johnny a visit and have a hunt in the mountain. Bncees to the Fak-i. I J. HOCCE. If desirable to com mence drying earlier the Twenty Ounce and Tompkins County King make a very fino pro duct, although not quite so easily handled. The King makes a very sweet product, but the apples aro sometimes watery auout me core, which injures tneir appearance, nearly the entire work Ol drying apples can oe utmo by children of ten years or more, and with their aid a good orchard of ten acres, with a small evaporator, will add largely to the profits of the farm. feed stock. Sweet apples seem by common Clover as a means of Increasing Wheat Yields. Alternating clover with the wheat crop Is another means of increasing production. The clover crop is esteemed in England as the best preparation of the land for wheat, and a good clover sod as best fertilizer. Messrs. Lowes and Gilbert, on a portion of their unmanurcd experimental field tested the value of clover as a preparatory crop for wheat. Wheat grown after clover yielded twenty-nine and a half bushels per acre, while on an adjoining lot where wheat followed wheat only fifteen and a half bushels woro obtained. A South ern farmer had a largo field which yielded only ten bushels of wheat per acre. He seeded it to clover, mowed tho clover for hay one year, and pastured it the second year, then plowed and sowed wheat in the autumn. Tho result was that ho harvested an excellent crop of wheat, yielding at tho rate of twenty bushels to tho acre. Or. Va-lecker, chemist to the Royal Agricultural Society of England, conducted a series of careful investigations to detcrmino tho cause of the benefit of a clover crop as a preparatory crop lor wheat. Tho conclusions arrived at are that during the growth of clover a large amount of nitrogen ous matter accumulates in tho soil; this ac cumulation, which is greatest in tho surface soil, is due to decaying leaves dropped during tho growth ol clover, and to an abundance oi roots, containing from If to 2 per cent, of nitrogenous matter in the clover remains and on their gradual decay are finally transformed into nitrates, thus atlnrding a continual source of food on which cereal crops especially de light to grow. By removing tho clover roots Irom a sou aro toot ol sou, analyzing mom, and calculating tho total quantity on an acre from that data, IT V wicker mund that in ino soil of an aero of clover land, mowed once for hay and afterwards left to oed, thero were 3,022 pounds of roots which contained 014 pounds of nitrogen. This amount of nitro gen would be sufficient for a large crop of wheat. Much of the wheat land in this country which yields only ten to twelve bushels per acre, might be rendered much more productive by alternating the wheat with clover occasionally. BxcAange. "Rnnih on Kata." , , Clears out rats.mlct, roeche.. riles, ants, hod-bug kunks, chipmunks, Kophors. I Sc. Dnimrlai. tfHTAUH mmmm UnimeHI always Cars and aerer DUanotmt Tne world's great FaJa-IUUTr for Mas and Beast. Chsap, tjalas aa4 rellaWoi ennaent to be considered beat for this purpose, But L. F, Allen, author of "American Cattle," says that "For farm stock, apples aro ex tremely nrofitable. and the better the riuality of the fruit, the more valuable are they for this objeot. When so ted they should, like roots, be cut to avoid chokimr. A variety of both sweet. and subacid should be cultivated. The saccharine matter of the apple Is the principal nutritive property, and this abounds in some kinds of the sub-acid. Animals like a change in their food, as well as man, and both varieties should therefore be fed to them alternately. When the soil and climate are adapted to them, we have no doabt that ap ples for stock can be grown cheaper than any other kind of food excepting grass. Hogs have often been fattened upon them, cooked, with grain and meal intermixed, and when led to horses, meat came ana sneep, wun hay, they are almost equivalent to root." As orchards bear fit this country, an or chard ten years planted ought to average more than four bushels per tree per year. If nlanted 24 feet anart there wodld be 81 trees per acre, giving an average crop of 324 bush els. Air. Alien values appies ior men at iv rants ner bushel, which would make tho crop worth $32.40 for feed alone. I consider this a very safe estimate, as I have compared it with other estimates and tables, and this is the least profitable use to which apples can be put; unless, indeed, tney are auoweu to rui on the ground. Every farmer ought to have, for family use, a larger variety of apples than trie above lists, and the choice here is simply a matter of indi vidual taste. I will, however, add a few kinds which have proved to be universally ac ceDtable. For early eatinz the Primate has. I think, no peer It is of medium size, light yellow color, with siight blush on one side, and has a waxy appearance; its shape is much like the Ham bo. It is not so sour as the Red Astrachan, but ha a very pleasant sub-acid flavor, Commencing with this add Sweet Bough, Chenango Strawberry, Ilubbardson's Moneauch, Ramsdall's Sweet, Famense, West field 8ek-no-further, Peck's Pleasant, Rhode Island Greening, Talman's Sweeting and Rox bury Russet. The list might lie extended In definitely, a there are several hundred varie ties of apple, but those named and the standard market varieties will give a supply of apples nearly all the year, and all of good quality. The Twenty! Ounce, Tompkins County King and Spitzenberg should be top grafted on some of the hardier kind ; the Northern Spy is, perhaps, a good as any for this nurpose. The Fruit Interests Endugeret Several times during the fall our attention was called to the havoo some tort of an in sect was making with the apples in this city. We enquired of farmers and others living in the country, but do not find that the insect has made it appearanoe ouUide of the oity. But a there is no guarantee against such a movement of the pest, active and intelligent work to meet this wit should be done. To this end we have gleaned all ,the fact In the premises and herewith present them for the attention of our farmers and others who raise fruit. The pest i called the Oodlln Moth, and appear aliout April 25th to May 16th. The warmer the locality the earlier it appears. The sexes unite immediately after the trans formation and the female deposit its eggs in the blossom end of the fruit. The latter broods deposit upon the (Ides of the partially grown' fruit, and are attaobed by a seeming paste. The larva hatches in from seven to ten days and invariably penetrates to the seed sacks of fruit. When the larva is hatched it cannot be readily seen by the naked eye, but In six days It grows to one-quarter oi an incn in length. At twenty days it Is full grown and gnawing out through the skin of the applo. Anyone cutting one of these dropped apples in the middle can readily see the track of tho larva. Wo feel assured that it will de stroy all our fruit unless persistently watched and destroyed each year. Burning lights have been advised a destructive to the Moth, but the Natatum Fruit Co. say that they be lieva the miller will not leave Its business until it has deposited it eggs. We hope our fruit growers, where the moth has not yet appeared, will do all they can to keep olear of them, and all in the vicinity 4 this city are in imminent danger, if not already injur ed by it The plan of allowing hogs to eat the apple, or to burn thim, is of no account, a the apples do not fall until alter the larva Is through with the use of there. Walla Walla Stateiman, Grant County tftwt t There is seaetblng of a business boom in Uarny valley and the Malheur country. Harney valley and vicinity are rapidly fettling up and will aooa contain a large population. Canyon City is the nat- for some reason, or stber doe supf'jr )ut a mall part of th"go6d required bjr we pew settler. vrnyiwui a. PITCHER'S CASTOIUA is not Narcotic. Childress grow ht upon, Mothers like, and Physi cians recommend CASTOKIA. It regulates tho Bowels, cures Wind Colic, allays FeverlshneBS. and destroys Worms. WEI DE MEYER'S CATARRH Care, a Constitutional Antidote) for this terrible malady, by Absorpttaaw The most Important Discovery lno Vaccination. Other remeeUee max relieve Catarrh, this cure at an stage before Consumption set In. CONQUEROR OF ALL KIDNEY DISEASES. fejrTtssssssssnssslsssf I BBBSV SBBSSBBSSSBBBSBSBSSk. SSSsSBBSSBBBBB aJSBsl THB BT KIDHEYandLIVEI MEDICIUfi nJsKi.55WwiSi a kUnsvs: bf usta W KtmHf ! fl I W reUsr?, aa4 as aew ",. , ri)MMhorktha I !mT m sU., Iwh srrlblj UcM itt,ifcuiuUs- he ISM i IMS. 1 was aurad bj Hunt's Ktmtif." .?r.rf"v.rK-,lf.i'.'fcPi- a IbM bm that I couU Hr eolr lrtr-f M honi. . imW itnf. mmuJ . 1 wi Snaadllr aura-." " U. oodwrtko. "Harla suffane twsaii yaars with kldaay ilfk aa4 mpfoired rertou psjakUM without kelaf Iter, I was taeo sure- bf Husrt RamadrJ "I kT Wan rraatir bwsfltMd tJf U use of HusM JUmr. For dbwasM ot the kMaejrs o4 urlnarj tt -"" """"""""V D. K.CXMBO.T. "I cB Uaslfr to th vfrtu t Hani's Homed In slf sot dlMa troaa osteal trial. alv hoan much ba ItM thtrabr," Her.,-. O. TAYLO-. "1 was uoabl to aria front bod from an atUek Mdaor dlMaa. Tho dootois eould not rslleve mo. I -M snail, .s,.-. KXVT - "I bar suffered eitram.ly with kidney dlaMMi aft Mlmr Hunt's lUmodr tw dan, 1 oai enabled to re sume biudneaa." GEO. K. CXAIIH. Oee irfsl will eeavlare ymu. For tale fcT all Braul'ts. Bond tor Pamphlet to EUNl'S -5aJSDY 00.. Providonco a. X. rrlees, II ecala and 1.S. RAILROAD LANDS. Liberal TeniiH, Low Prices, Long Time, Low Interest OREGON AMD CALIFORNIA RAILROAD COHTAHT, OFFER THEIR LANDS FOR SALE UrON THI fotlowtnc liberal terin: One-tenth ot tho polo la cash; Interest on the balance at lb rate of eeren so ooat one voar after sale, and' each tollowlaf Tew on tooth ot th prtadpal and latereot on the Wlaooe al th rat of eaten ir wot per annum. Both principal j utt naeabl Is U. 8. Currency. A Alseeus of Un pel coot will bo allowed for cwh. &eeif aaouu do aunie en i JIM FAULCHU1 k a bTb., rers-sd, ONSjte) H : .1 H r California honey Uw as K a"0 M. " --"- - "