Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (March 31, 1882)
Eg3 WILLAMETTE FAHMER: POKTLAND, OREGON, MARCH 31, 1882. WmHK rVjr sP?7? ' V&-t- -JV-Jr- Issued every Week bj tlie WULlMirrTF. F.tHWKK fl III IMIINC TERMS OK SUBSCRIPTIO.N Oat year, (Postage paid) In advance 12 50 Hi month. (Postase paid), In ndvanci I 25 tjm than six month" will be, per month ... 25 ADVERSISINO KATES Advertisements will bo Inserted, provUovtn are lMpotablu, at tho following table or raws One Inch of kjkico per month Tbiee Inches of space per month. .. One half column jcr month .il Milnmn twr tnnnth .. .......... Tjampie copies sent irre un muiuujii Publication Office- No 6 Washligton Street. lp talr. rooms No 5 and r I to. f!M 500 15 00 30 CO Willi THK arrival of spring we can rcwew tho winter and compare it with other season. The year before wo had more severs weather, more enow and ice, moro blockade of the Columbia and heavier floods, but tho spr'ng tame earlier and farmers had their work bet ter in hand now at this time. During the present winter ws have had little cold wenth cr, o that grass has kept green and (loners have actually been all tho time in blossom. It has been of average nuldnes, average rain fall and siutiins the old reputation of otir re gion of Kirtli about on an ttrrijn with the past. Thk womi has been waiting witli sus pense, for weeks, to hear some news of I)e Long's party, that was at last ac omits lost in tho iuh'i-pitnblc wilds of Northi rn Siberia, and of tho oil. er boat of tho Jtauette's trtw, under Lieut Chipp, that was B'.pirited from its i unpanioni, in a storm, soon iftci they left the vekscl. Tlie diy of hopo is almost over. Wo have reason to fear that tli"o brat o men have given up their lues, under ciauin stances of great suffering; but w o liave the sat isfattion to know that every possible cflort is made to find and relievo them, by both th" government of u.sii and tho Umtod States. Tiik Oiojon Vttlrtlr awl AntfMtioiolf(hna to.no to a disgraceful end, ns we h ice n!wi)s supp cd it would, and so vindicates tho in iliHiienco with which wo hao treated itsslan dcrs List fall its publisher failed to secure ,i subsidy from the railroads, as no told us himself, and then attempted to blac k mill the corporations by advocating auti monopoly in an aggressive way. As wo know he hail nei ther chiiactcr or means to carry him on wc novcr doubted the result. The Wn I vMmt. Farmer will survive as a truo organ of public opinion and friend of npricultuio win n nil such adventurers shall have worn themselves out. Tin: printer increases and decreases in.it- tcra that coino before him, frequently, by the addition of an 0, or by leaving ono out, whero it ought to be, as (for instance, last wctk a compositor in this oflico said Mi. Clirko was busy adding .'100 trees to his orchaid near Sa lem, whereas tho tiuth was that ho vini at tending to'planting out 3,000 trees in addition to 3,000 btforo out and now bearing The editor of tho Fa it M Hi believes in the future of fruit growing here, ai d shows his faith by his works, liu experience and observation and the U( cess of California fruit growers, all con viuto him th.it judicious fruit growing will be profitable. Henuv W. Lonhieiiow is dead! The awectoat poet of Amcrici, whoso thinning writings and puia thoughts woro but tho na tural expression of our almost pet feet life ami character, had i cached tho npo ago of n ent j -fio yearn, with such possession nf his emit fatultits that his list song, only 1 itch pub lilud, a'lowed no lissuiing of genius from tho touch of age. It may be said of him that Ins lamp wont out suddenly in tho ftiltblac of its genial light. The undiminished fame that will avait him, as touting goutiatinns recite his words and honor his memory, w ill be i more gracious need of honor and of praim thin will boacemded to many who luo attuned earth ly lame nnilgloiy. PASSAGE OF THE CHINESE BILL. It will bo good news to many through the Pacific States that tho bill to prohibit Chinese immigration has pissed both Houses of Con gress, and by the time this week's paper goes to p-tss it will probably have teecived tho ap proval ot the President, while in the event of his veto of the measure there is probability that each House of Congress can pass it ocr his disapproval. The subject of emigration from Asm is one of great importance to our nation, anil while profcasionil philanthropists cling to the belief in the brotherhood of all mankind, and claim that the American continent should oiler a home to tho poor and oppressed of all nations, others, who calmly reason from cause to ef fect, and look forward to results that will cer tainly follow such emigration in strong force, look upon it as necessary for the future and permanent well being and prosperity of our nation that it shall possess a homogenious people with i Icntitv of interests, similarity of traits and able to appreciate and achievo the highest and purest civilintion of which man is capable. All tho Ciucasiau race meet and mingle here and blend andharinonie in a satisfactory manner. Wo believe that, so far as possible, tho American continent should be kept as a home for tho white races that are out natural kinlrtd, and to which we hive positive alhn ity. Let tho great families of earth trade to gether and exchange intelligence and learn civilization, but do not biing other races to live among us and be looked down upon as inferior. All the reasoning and moral codes will fail of convincing the whitu men of the cm th that tho colored i nets aie their cquils, so let them remain essentially separate. We do not share tho disgust that many en tertain of tho Chinese, or the opinion so cur rent among us to thcii dishonesty. Wo have employed them as domestic servants mid as farm laborers and at chopping and grubbing, and have found them geneully luttlligent, faithful, willing and honest, 'iheyhavo ful tilled a good part m our late lustoiy by their cheap labor in bull ling railioads and clearing buu licds of thousands of acres of brush laud, and ns liouto servants in comitiy and town. They hav e been a great public benefit in that way whin labor has been scarco and not pro cuiablc, but wo shall soon have cheap trans poitation direct, by Northern trans eonti nental lailroads, and they will bring from tho Eistnud from Europo all the common labor we shall lcijuiie, and the piescnt question is : Slnll w e allow Chinese to como horo and re main hero ns workers, and so deter the settle mont of tho poorer lubonng classes in our midst, or shall we make this Northwestern region a home for laborcis of our own rce? The people of these Pacific States hesitate to see nil avenuoj of labor, many handicrafts, and even ordinary manufacturing, pass to tho contiol of Chinese, who have economical hab its, at tho expense of what Americans call civilization; who undermine our industries by a labor system that will degiado white laboi if it litis to compete with it, mil will deprive us ot a reliable laboring eleinont when they have us at their mercy. All things lonsidcicd, Ameiicm citizenship is not compatible w itli Chinese labor, and our civilization cannot sustaiiuiticlf against such competition. That is why, as a people, ve op pose Chinese emigration. Gnntiiig to the Chinese many good qualities, among which oie frugality, -industry and pea eablcnces, the) do not form tho class of poiplo we netd as citizens, though w e can make good U'o, no doubt, of the tens of thousinds wo now have with us as Ion; ns they ale likely to sta). law, no summary execution of so-called popu lar verdicts, but that all good citizens should combine loyally to makogool laws, and stand firm to sustain and enforce them. In a civil ized land there is no other proper course, l'as'ion and violence take a form that often defeat justice, and good men oltcn lose their balance in moments of great excitement; but the sound reasoning of all ages c,oes to prov e that the law of the laud must eland supreme, and can lie usually depended on to secure the desired eflcct, if the citizens unito to demand its enforcement. WESTERN OREGON AND WASHINGTON MOB LAW. Antti. ii HEiih and our farmers find every thing backwaid. Tluy am behind baud with their plowing and hurrjiiig to improve eveiy day as it aflmdu oppoitunity to plow and sow Krain. Last jear tho season was a month in advauco of vv list wo s c it now, and tho last week in March was so cxiexsively warm as to cause consult nililo damage, as it was follovvtd by weeks of cold not th winds that checked tho uiumtial growth of all vtgctitinii If we l all liavu the usual rains Ihiough the spring months and in June the pnsent senon in.iv, soo ewn bitter nveniro crops than 1831 Hut wc hear of some localities vvlnru wet spots in fall bowii who it a' ow injuij by being thrown out by frosts. PlirsimsT AliTlll II has qualified tho good opinion oxtended to him by the American pi o pie, for his judicious coiuuct of his high ollito at first, by appointing Conkling to a supieme jiidgship, and Sargent, of Californl v, w hose political history is a record of jobber), as Mill attcr to llcrlin. Conkling was tho man whose camr inspired Chilli's Guiteauwith thocour ago to murder Garfield, and hii iiamo should not have bttu forced upon tha Nation during Arthur's ttrm of olli o. Wo are now told that Senator Toller, of Colorado, is to be Secrttar) of the Interior, As ho is uposed to bo a friend of the Union I'atille ltailixad, that will not render hi nomination to ollico acceptable to tho people, but it w ill lm moro objections tie still when it is geneiall) understood that Itis chief claim to preferment it because ha favored Conkling and oppetd every act of Deaidtat flailiild, while he was aliv. that was cilculatcd to nuder lua admimttoatiou independent of Conkling a inlluonoe Ai thur is turning over aa much of lua administration w he cu to Conkling, and our natiou live to ce the adiniiii.tratii.il of lU choaeu prtv.1 leut followed by the rule of the man w luuo con duct ivaulted in (laifleld's death, The mUtr able minority of the Krpublican put), that follow a (Irant and Conkling la uow the domi nant (vower in the Nation. Soon t lure will I Uft at Washington no fneud of (lailltld in office, to show that he ever wa President of tha li-pubho. A few weeks auo wo all felt an uncommon interest in n torublc tiaged) that occurred at Seattle, and the-common verdict through tho countrj, emphasised by the press, in which this pipei iiitoidcd, was tint summiiy jus tice, as v isited by tho people of Scuttle on the murderers, was not only justifiable under tho circumstances, but vv is almost demanded by tho high-handed outrage tint called it forth. The popular feeling was that lw was too low mid uncertain. There is no doubt leasou for the feeling of tlio public mind that the law 'm uncertainties aro greatly increased w hen the criminal has money at command to cm ploy legal talent to weave meshes about the hands of justice, and so pir.il) ze its etlbrts. Hut tho Seattle matter has gone abroad and has borne fiuit, and, judging by iU fruits, what do we find? A mob at Linkvillo that was no doubt inspired by the popuhr sanction that gieeted tho net of Seattle's citizens, at tempted to I u 11 ict a aummniy judgment on a nuirdriei, and the deith of a deputy shcrill who did his dutv, was the unhappy conse quence, that was lesson No. 1, While tho mmdeiti went frte, the otlucr of the law was the victim of the mob, The nextle-soncomt to ut from Prinoville, whero a fearful murder was peipctiatcd and the murderer was shot dead by the avengers Vo might consider that this fiend, Langdou, got out) his dtairU, but the hanging of a man who vras not ac cused as an nccompliee, who was probably drunk and in a maudlin way approved the murder this at present seems unsanctioned by anj pwtoiiso of justice or reason, and may aUo be charged upon the Sentle ntlair, ns its tit sequel, for tho atoiy had been lead and told at Piuievi'le, and tho mob thereunder took to emulate an act that met w itli such generous popular approval. Now that tho Seattle lynching hat borne its first fruits ami that so speedily what do wo think of it? The deputy sheriff at Liuk ville ii mourned by his friends; Judge L)uch h is added a ictim to the original mui der, '1 hv second man w ho dietl at Pnueville, was Iviichid, it would seem, because lie was a diuiikeu biaggart, bat we se no justice in hit beiu3' taken oft. Thin two victims respond to the traged) u( justice at Seattle with un happ) tlltvt. Tha serious, second, o' er thought of erery good itKeu must be that there should be no trifling with justice, no trampling down of A review of the wide extent of territory in cluded in Oregon and Washingtou, and com parison of the great natural advantage' and vast resources that exist within these boun daries, must carry conviction that in the near future a great destiny awaits us. At the present time the rush of immigration is to wards the open country East of tho Cascades that invites tho plow and yields such pro digious crops from virgin soils. However re mote those grain fields are, they invito settlers because they are so easily tilled, and return such bountiful crops to the husbandman. Those wide-spread prairies and hills, how ev er, whilo promising so much to tho plow man, have their limitations. Like the West ern prairie, they yield great harvests and create agricultural wealth, but have their limitations as wealth producing districts, while regions of the same States west of the Cascado range possess natural resources that havo no superior taken for agriculture and other elements of wealth, on the American continent. To appieciate the value of this whole re gion, and tho immensity of its resources, wc can safely enter on a compaiison with any other portion of the United States, and the most natuial comparison will bo with the com.try occupying a similar scope on the At lantic shore of this simo continent. All of New Kngland, New Yoik and Pennsylvania possess 153,400 square miles of teriitory, while Oregon and Washington havo l(Jo,2G8 square miles, so we have area equal to those tight States, which aro tho most populous in the nation, and their wealth is, in proportion, even in excess of the population. While the commerco of Now York, U iston and Phila delphia is built up by the nation at large, and creates a wealth this region mav never equal, still tho grjatncos of those eight industrial States on the Atlantic is dependent chiefly on their natural resources, and to that extent wc can make comparison, not doubting that m time tho comme co of the world will create great emporiums in Oregon and on Puget Sound that shall rival the greatness of Eastern cities. Much of those Eastern States is mountain ous, and tho sttulity of Now Englind has be come a proverb. Considering our wide scopo ot couutiy suited to agriculture, we can safely expect the agricultural products of tho Pa cific Noithwest will rival and exco'd tho pro duction of tho Atlantic States w c hav e named, though it may be many years before the primeval forests shall bo cleared away to make farms, as has been done in all the coun try cast of the Mississippi valley. That t me will come, and tho denso forests of Western Oiogou and Washington, within a century, will bo converted into productive fields. That will be when labor shall be.omo more abund ant, and when an industrial era shall dawn on the Western shore, to wake to life and motion cur vast water powers. New Kngland has no mines of any conse quence, and little good soil, but its inoun tuns pour down streams that are utilized to turn the wheeh of countloss manufactories All along our western valloys wo possess the same natural wealth that makes New England tho workshop of the natiou. Our location is similar; our natuial facilities in tint line, are more peculiar to us than tho same are to New England, because California possesses few such natural powers, ami the whole lower coist is comparatively destitute of them Pcniis) Ivania and New York arc rich in de posits of coal and iron that constitutes the touudatio i of much cf their w onderful pros perity. So fat as coal is concerned, all the oast region, from tho British Columbia line, abounds with it. Capitalist aro only com moiicing to develop the wonderful coal de posits of tho Sound country, ami ve know that immense coal-bods havo been worked on Coos Hay. Coal exists in such abundance, thatovo need only cito tho fact as constituting ono of tho chief resources on which the great prosjvority of Now York and Pennsylvania so securely rests. Wo have iron also, and in this age of iron ami steel this is an invaluable possession. To its coal ami iron I'tiinsvJ. vania owes its ,rand position among the States, Wc have iron furnaces at work al ready at Oswego, not far from Portland, on tho Willamette, and near Port Townseud, on tho Straits of Kuca. Irou beds aro extcn-ivi in dilTcient directions, close to tide water on bth tho Columbia and VVillamette rivers, and whatever wealth future development of coal ami iron may yield will be at our disposal in the future, without stint or limitation. We read, constantly, w ith what apprehen sion statisticians look upon the destruction of tho original forests, to realtze that the "con tinuous wvcxN" that clothe our mountains with forests and lino the slioreo of rivers and bays, Hill l an increasing source of wealth auel do much to work out our future. What this store of timber will jield to create and support tho factories of the future, we can not readily jotictuve, but the fact that alUhe southern ami middle region of the weatern coast is destitute, or nearly destitute, of tim ber, puts aside all need of argument as to the value of the forests of the Pacific Northwest. New England, New York and Pennsylvania have to-day a population that approximates thirtccu uiillious of inhabitants, and their wealth is counted by thousands of millions of dollars. In those States land is of great value; they had uo such agricultural advan tages as o en joy, in their early history. In addition to what wo have enumerated, our mountain ranges possess eins of gold and silver, ores of copper, deposits of lead and cinnabar, that will be a source of futuro wealth, which tint eastern country dots not possess. From Puget Sound there will in lime be earned on fisheries as extensive as those that have so enriched New- Englind, and these must swell tho general prospcrit) of our future. We do not wish to undcrrato the advan tages of any section of the Pacific Northw est, but to justly estimate what the future has in store for this region. Any comparison of greatness and variety of resources must re" suit in the conclusion that however great and prosperous the region east of the Cascade mountains may become, that the imgniflcent future of the Puget Sound and tho w estern valleys of Oregon will be almost without pre cedent in our national history. Nature has lavished on the West immensity of resources that will call for the labor of millions to per fect this development, aud will require tho products of Eastern agriculture for their sup port. We have only to look at the material prosperity of the eight Eastern States, that with less territory oontain fifty times our present population, to appreciate, w hat the future has in store fur us. lief oie long, with railroads to make a trans continental commerce, the trade of Asia and the Islands of Japan, will pass our doois, and stop as it passes to build great marts to rival Atlantic cities. The harbors of Pugtt Sound and the Columbia river, and on the coast, will be visited 'y ships of all nations in increas'iig numbers. Labor will some time come here in force and join hands with capital to develop out uncounted resources, and the remit will be tliat the actie ities of New England vv ill re sound fioin this Northwest shore. Blast fur nace, forge and trip hammer; spindlo and loom; the whirr of machinery and the sound of saw or stroke of hanfmer, shall work out a problem in w hich the plow and the hand of agriculture will bear no mean par. And in looking ovei tho whole field, and its wonderful resouices, also realize that in this great future that shall people this wide do main with ten millions of inhab.tants, brought up to know and practice the aits of to day as they will be perfected by the invention of to morrow, tho Willamette v alley will be the most favoied spot upon tho Western coast. Its harvests aie to increase under a better system of agriculture; its stock men shall breed from their choice herds to supply the wants of Eastern herdmen; its water-courses shall bo lined with factories and resound to tho whirr of many industries; the develop ment of its resources will include mines of valuable and precious ores, the working up of the great mountain forests, the opening of coal and iron beds along ottr rivers, and all the industries that the possession of such re sources foster. A century from now, as to day, whatever development may a-coniplish 'n the meantime, this valley will be peerless among the favorite districts of the Pacific censt. THE PRINEVILLE TRAGEDY. Our readers will regret to learn that tho two men murdered at Prinoville lately, by Langdon, were former citizens of Linn and Marion counties, sons of early pioneers, and every way estimable and worthy. Mr. Crooks was a son of Hon. John S. Crooks, of Miller's, Linn county, a man of middlo age. whose vvifo was tho daughter of Stephen Jory, son of Mr. John Jory, who settled in tho red hills south of Salem, more than thirty yeats ago. These names will be sufficient to show the standing and character of tho murdered men. There is a largo settlement of tho Jory family njar Salem, and no moro worthy and respected can be found. Almost simultaneous with the news of tho murder Mr. Stephen Jory's friends at Salem received a letter written two days before it occurred, in which ho mentioned that Lang don owed Crooks 84 and that Crooks had sued him for the amount, ns he wouldn't pay it, and had got judgment, aud that he (Joiy) had been a witness. This creates a belief in their minds that Langdon w as angry because of the law suit, at Jory as well as Crooks, aud that under pretenco of settling the land boun dary he got tioth the men where he could mur der them. They further say that lost sum mer, when young Jory was homo on a visit, he told them about Langdou, who he de scribed as a dangerous and disreputable man, who ha 1 been run out of there on a charge of cattle stealing; that he was gone so long that ho .forfeited the laud, and supposing it was abandoutd they located their claims so as to iuclude eighty acres of it; but it seems Lang elon returned and laid claim to the land again, and our leaders are familial with the result, which has caused creat distress in the families of the victims PROSPECTUS. The Willamette Farmer. On the first day of April this newspaper will commence to do business strictly upon a cash basis, and all subscriptions not pre-paid at that time w ill be discontinued. The reason for this is, that in many years' experience of newspaper publishing, we have found that the credit system entails a loss of one fourth of the entire business of subscriptions. Our past losses would constitute a moderate but abun dant fortune. We intend to deserve success by entire devotion to the welfare of the farm ers of Oregon and Washington, and have no doubt of their continued support and confi dence. During the thirteen years and over of its publication, tho WiLLAJifcTTK Fakwfk has gaine 1 the confidence of thousinds of pro ducers by its devotion to their interests and its constant fund of information on farm topics. In the single item of markets, many farmers pronounce our reports invaluable to them, as they are intended to cover the de mands of a fanner's experience and wants. The most valuable portion of our columns consists of contributions from f irmers, who give, in this manner, their axperience, and the result of their investigations and practical ef forts. Wo glean from practical men, con stantly, facts of interest that form the basis of our orignnl remarks on farm topics, in addi tion to our own actual experience of farm life, after many years connection with it, per sonally. The Farmhi is a valuable medium for dis cussion, by farmers, of all questions of public inteiest, and of all matters wherein they may i onsider themselves wronged; our idea is to hold its pages open to them and act as their mouthpiece in its publication. Editorially, we freely discuss all public questions on their meiits, and as affecting the interests of producers. Wc havo no friends to defend, except the farmers themselves; no eii' emies to punish or criticise, except enemies of tho public. Our news columns give all the important and reliablo news of the day, both local and foreign. We cop) trecly from our exchmges all items i elating to the resources and devel opment of the wide region known as tho Pa cific Northwest. Of this last wo make a spe.ialty. Our miscellaneous reading lsvar'ed, cover ing a wiie raugo of agricultural, scientific and literary subjects, with touches of humor, the desire being to give the paper value as a means of information on all u-eful topLs. The Home Circle is edited by a lady famil iarly acquainted with farm life, and adds much to the value of the FAUMMt in every household by tho interest it creates in the minds of wife, mother and children. Such as it is, we present this issue to many new leaelers this week by sending them sam ple copies through the mails, from which to judge its value to tho f.umer and his family. rrienus ! If this paper suits you, you can secure all its benefits by sending us $2 50 by mail, as jour subscription for the year to come. Your good will and patron age will enable us to do better work in the cause of agriculture in this region, and in fur nishing to the family a journal whose sole ob ject al.eajs has been and must be, to elevate farmers as a class, to carry delight and infor mation into the household, to secure for the farmci all the influence he has a rieht to ex ert in public affairs, as well as obtain for his hard earned products the b;st possible price. DAIRYING A i-OKHtMMViiENT of the Corvallis Gmrllt writes: "Alsea Bay is the place to get a home. If v ou have not a home, come to Alsen bay, for there are 100 settlers and plenty of land vacant for 100 more Times have been better this winter on the bay than ever were known here before. The rush to Newport gave us a market for our vegetables, eggs, but ter and honey at a very high price. Mr Baldwin gives us five cenU per pound for our beef, and more if we Ask it. This coun try, when cleared, is well adapted to farm ing, for the hills posses a rich soil aud grass will take well on firms, and the lulls when the imndi is chopped off, make good pasture land. Strangers pass every day look ing for laud. Some locate, others pass on. Come; we welcome you to the garden spot of Oregon," The Horse In Motion. The huge quarto volume recently published by James It. Osgood & Co., is the most valua ble work on the horse which America has )et produced, and coutaius thousands of fig tagea urea oi uuaurupeus in various stages of mo tion, auel also many colored plates showing the equine muscles and bones. To obtain these, several valuable race-hcrnes were killed and dissected. The cost of the work has been very groat, and the experiments of which it is the result were conducted by Gov. Ltdand Stanford and J. 1). II. StiUmau, of California, with scrupulous care and ingenuity. From this time onward, to all the future, the dairy interest is to assume more and more importance in Oregon, for the growth of com merco and building up of largo cities will cre ate a demand that must bo met at home. We cannot consent to havo the profitable business of dairy inu monopolized by the expert dairy men of California. To retain that business it will be necessary to maintain great excellence in making and preserv ing dairy products. The first requisite is good dairy stock, and for this tho professional dairyman cannot de peud on the common stock: of the country, though good milkers can occasionally bo found. He must follow the example of prac tical dairymen in other lands, and have cows that will give rich cream that will turn to golden butter. We have studied with interest the reports made concerning good elairy stock. Some have tried tho Short Horns w ith fair success; others have tried Holsteius, which lank among the best butter cows; others have met unqualified success with the Jersey, crossing tho best dairy cowsof common breeds with the Jerse) stock, and the result of care ful selection from this product, carefully bred again to Jerseys, has been good milk cows, so that dairy herds of well graded Jerseys have been found almost as useful as the full blood. e commend this to the attention of all farmers. Keep your best milk cows and breed them to full blood Jersey males, and you will gaiu upon it, and keeping up the improvement of the increase, you will, in a few ) ears, seo tho result (miking careful selection all the while) in a herd of graded Jersey cows that win be butter producers of the first-class. We always read with pleasure of improve ment of elairy stock in this region, because the tune has now come when such stock will pay. Many havo failed of success, financially, w hen bunging choice stock of cattlehere, because the time had not come to create demand for them. Such time has fully como now, and from henceforth judicious stock raisers may hope for reward. A good Jersey male in every neighborhood, bred to the best milch cows, will soon work improvement in all the stuck in the country. While there is some debate as to which is the best breed of elairy cattle in existec.ee, there is to question that the Jersey stands among the first. The experience with this breed is that it can be crossed to advan tage on common cows. Another prime necessity is to have good locations for dairy faniu. Alouir the Cnlnm. bis rivor there is much good land that can be converted into rich pasture, and stock can kept to advantage there; but such land is ex. tra valuable, and low land may not be the best adapted to the heal I h of tho stock. It ja not a prime necessity that dairies shall be contiguous to large citie3. OqoiI butter or cheese made on the Chchalis, in Washington Terntary, at Tillamook or AI ea, on tho Ore gnn coast, or on tho mountain foot hills of theso Western valleys tint can be shipped easily to market, will command tho price if jt has the quality. Butter can be made on the best lands of the Willamette, woith ?30 to $75 an acre, but the cheaper lands of more distant localities possess the same capacity to produce cheese a'ud butter, aud ale not worth a quarter of tho prioc. Wo belicvo that land along tho coast, or on these foot hills, is actually preferable for dailies. It is along the coast of California that dairying is best practiced, because the cont guity of the ocean supplies moisture that sustains the grass and makes summer pastures as nutritious as at other seasons. Wo have always held tho same to bo true of Oregon and have predicted that the coast counties would in timo bo famous for their pastures and dairies. The foot hills of the Cascades on the west, and the coast range towards this valley, have a mvister summer climate than the valle) s, and are also f av orable for dairy ing, so the natural result will be to turn those sections of our country to that use. Another nine iiut no of dairying is to have ' winter feed, and make gilt edged butter in tho winter season, a feat that seemed difficult of accomplishment until ensilage solved the problem. Wc presented, a year ago, this sub ject fully aud repeatedly to tho. attention of our readers, and believed, from the experience in France, and so far as tried in America that it would be a great success, and so it has been. We hav e not time to treat this now, but we have received tho result of the Ensilage Convention, held at tho East last winter, in a pamphlet, which demonstrates that silos can be built very cheaply above ' ground, or inside tho barn; that ensilage costs scaice wore than ordinary hay, and feeils to at least tw ice as much advantage; that stock eat it with avidity, and thrive upon it alone, keeping in perfect hoilth; and last, but not least, that they give as much milk as in sum mer, and makes fully ns goo l and as much golden butter. Theso facts we shall work up at length, as we have room, and hopo the time will toon come when experiments with ensilage will bomade in Oregon. Results achieved at the East aro published by hun dreds, and demonstrate that cnsilago is all that ever was claimed for it by reasonable men that the same amount of fodder ensi laged is w orth twice as much as when made into hay. It will bs important to decide what crop w ill answer the purpose here. They use green corn and sorghum at tho East. Per haps we can grow them here sufficiently ma ture to use green to make ensilage. We hope some reader of the Far mer will try the ex periment this season. WHAT OUR READERS BAY THIS WEEK. B. T. Hawley, an old friend of the Farmer, writes from Goldendale, W. T., when remit ting for his paper: "I think you are just right in demanding advance payment, so that you tan make us the b-st paper possible. " L. F. Mascher, w hose name has been on our list so long that he seems a part of the insti tution (and a very good part) remits his sub scription and says: "Rtceived your reminder but don't feel so badly w orried nt a notice asking to renew as some do. I am glad to no tice in your late issue that you aie going to adopt the 'cah in advance' syatem, as I think it will prove to give satisfaction generally." Mr. Stephen Smeed writes from Walter v ille, Lane county: "Allow me to say that I for one am pleased you have adopted the cash system, and now hope you will stand up for Free Trade, and then I think you will make the Farmer a success in Oregon." Hobert Bruce, of Pendleton, makes a remit tance, and kindly says: "I wisb every far mer of Oregm could see the great value of your paper to their direct interests. They would not only subscribe, but pay it, too. I am Borry to see such a large delinquent list (he hasn't seen half of it). Honest farmers, what do you mean? Do you ask God to prosper you w hile you rob the editor? 'Come, como, pay up like men. You are all able to do so. I close by wishing you every success that such management as yours deserves; and that is what every honest, unprejuced man, especially the farmer, should endorse." Ono of the best men in Yamhill county is B. B. Branson, a good farmer and an eminent granger, whose timo ran out and his paper didn't appear for three weeks, and then re mitting for himself and neighbor, he writes : I renew my subscription to the Farmer; I can't do without it; for heaven's sake send me the three last numbers, as I don't w ant a broken link in it. After this always discon tinue my paper when the subscription runs out. If you turn a horse out to starve him a little, he will be easily caught. I send most all of my papers East, and South, after read jog them." Mr. George Hicinbotham writes from Viola, Clackamas county; "I think a great deal of the Farmer, and can harelly see how a farmer can get along without it." ' We are receiving quite a number of notes from old friends who say they wish us to con tinue their papers a few weeks or months longer, and they will pay up, but we cannot do so. Several times we have tried to get the cash system started, "and when suet re quests began to came in we tried to accommo date, and the first we knew the old plan got in to full swing again, so we now make a full and square stop and give the mailing clerk his instructions. The Editor seldom looks at the list, reads no business letters, and cannot eTen thiuk of business matters. In this case he gives certain instructions and leaves the book, keeper to conduct all the business. We hope all old friends will n tt; matter in the aline bej light as those who speak above, who represent be hunJreds of letters we are receiving. J