A,
Vi
TERMS
OMUB)OI(IIjTIUN
II
A MI tit Till
mette Farmer,
Mill e'isnes, its la pries c
-A
1,00 JPcr Annum.
(Nth tho aJJoil expense et an en-
I Usue wo cannot allorJ the paper
ut pro payment at less than
? aa.oo. to
v ,: - "I
itlcr our Inrstbbte charge 111 be
2.50 In advnee. or
$3,00 after Six months,
I wo prefer to nsro pay la advance.
'1VOL.XI.
ll'ina ii tho hardest timo for inonoy wo
or know or ever expect to know. It you
i for subscription pleaso remit (luring July,
possible. We shall appreciate it as a favor
jfiiou will help us now. Wo never shall
MkI it as much again. Itcmcmbcr our terms
lM'$2.C0 ku advance
CASH Iff HARD.
bo advantages of dealing for cash are not
iy to lie calculated. The crcuii system
Htidcnnlncd tho prosperity of tho country
ton it tho towns grow rich becauso they
It doublo profits as security, and indeed
' have to do so to livo and bo ablo to do
loess successfully. The system Is at fault.
heard a dealer in agricultural machinory
ert that tho farmer had to pay an enormous
Co for buying on long time, as no doubt ho
Tho wholesaler owns the rotailer who
ys on credit, and taxos him what ho pleasos
' what roods ho chooses to let him have.
'The retailer retaliates on his customers, and
jk SO on through tlia list. Tho comfort and
fir 'profit of dealing for cash aro not easily ox-
rilalucd. To own what you have and owo no
'wTn'au, is a hapincss not easily dcscriled. To
bo satisfied with what ono has and labor to
a Mini all ono can Is truo philosophy.
mWlicro aro times whon a person can mako
ixaonoy by taking chances, but it is not over
jtwrson who can do it. Tho sharp speculators
(.Wo tho exception, and so unfortunatoly aro
o prudont managers who understand tho art
"getting along."
( When wo look abroad wo soo a world strug.
ing with debt. It is not possible to avoid
always, but what is possiblo and ncccs-
ury beyond n doubt, is for evory man to
exorriso nil jiusaiuiu cauuuu iur tuar uiai, uu
t'fall get out of his depth and go down in
Wgmg billows.
&7SB 8SA80H AND THE CROPS.
'u.'All through tho country farmers aro haying
tjid preparing for harvest. Tho showers that
attended this jurt of tho country on tho .Id
and 4th of July, wero faverablo to lato sown
grain and not damaging to any other, though
we hoar of wind storm that threw down
sowio grain upon l-'rcnch l'ralrie. Tho pros
pect is favorablo for a very heavy yield and
all wait the ban est with expectation of good
,'t(rucs coming. Tho appearanco of Kastcm
returns justifies tho belief that tho surplus o!
breadstuff in America for lS79will not ex
ceed that of 1878.
Tbo reports from tho British Islands, and
tho countries of Kurope, aro not flattering to
'tbo growing crop in many localities, aud it is
nowiso certain that tho great nations of tho
old world will not fall below their average of
wheat production.
This has been an uuusual season with no
sxcesslve heat to do damage and with frequent
bowers and raips up to the present time.
.Tie cool weather has been very remarkable
'And tho grain now ripening has had every
tJ7,PPortunity to fill gradually and make all
rthat was possible. If tho grain sown in May
(does well, it will prove a very unusual
.season
indeed.
HARD TIMES.
f Wo mako elsewhere a personal appeal to
fall who owo for tho present year or aru in
"Jrrears for tho past to pay us NOW if
betsible. Wo must havo coin lu hand to
'tarry on our business and we should have it
if all paid up punctually.
V. Times aro harder, money scarcer aud bus!
.btu duller than for years, and
we ask all
Vljoican possibly do so to help us to
means
fAfter Januiry 1st, 18S0, we shall adopt the
' strictly Cash-in-advance system, and ,it will
-ir o pay no paper, and there will be no
staining done through these columns after
it. HELP US IF YOU CAN I
SAVE GOOD SPECIMENS.
'At this time farmers are saving tho hay
p, and the barley will be ripe before long;
i will the rye, and wa want to urge all who
are good grain or grass to save specimens to
exhibited at the fair of the Mechanics
stituto in San Francisco, in August. You
gather good bunches of timothy, clover,
cbard grass, or any other kind, and do
kern up carefully and leave them at any rail
Wd or express office, marked "P. bchuUe,
'fertland," and they will come all right, and
I Ve sure and put jour name and address on
tVh bundle
They wish to procure bunches or sheaves of
TfcTassesasd grains, vegetable aud fruits,
of different kinds of wood, specimens or Una
or choice wool, ana in taci 01 any or anyming
ttkat represents the products or industries of
, Oregon.
Yfats ordering goods advertised in the
Fashm, be sore to merit ion the Farmu, a
( lp ua lots.
How Do They Transfer Beeit
1CJ I tor Willamette Farmer)
I would liko to hear from Mr. Steers on
transferring bees) how wo shall manago in tho
operation; whother wo should uso twine,
wooden slats, or wire in fastening tho comb in
tho frames; and what part of tho day is best.
I am interested in bco culture. Liko Mr.
Steers wo bellevo that we aro poisoning our
families by using the so-called syrups of tho
day, Tho adulteration of tea, coffoc, sugar,
syrups, and I might say nearly all tho grooor
ios of the day, has been so great that Congrcari
prohibited such by law. There are thousands
of pounds of tho purest nectar going to waste
that might be aaved by the culture of bees.
Anyone, even tho most timid, can hivo and
caro for bees by nsing gloves on tho hands,
and n hat made out of wiro gauio largo
enough to cover the face.
If wo cannot raise enough honoy to do us,
I would suggest that every farmer set out a
sugar maple grove, and mako what sugar wo
want. Tho seed to plant an acre would not
cost mora than twenty-flvo cenU. Planted
in good ground and well cultivated, with
proper care, wo would not be long without
tho moans to mako all our syrups that we as
farmers want to use. LoiiAlNK.
CMCK.uun Cooktv, July Oth.
' Loramo " and tho Applo Treo Blight.
IMitor Witlamctto Farmer:
S. I). 11., in your last issuo seems to bo at
a loss to understand my pjsitiou in regard to
tho causo of applo tree blight. It was not
tho act of planting corn, potatoes, leans, etc.,
in tho orchard that caused tho Wight, but tho
effect of such planting. First, by causing
tho laud to bo getting poorer. Second, by
causing a heavy drain of molsturo on tho
laud at tho very timo tho applo tree noedod
such moisture. Wight in applo trees is a
disease, and may bo causod several ways.
First, by oxhaustion of tho land. Second, by
exhaustion of moisture. Third, by propa
gating from thoso trees that havo bocn starv
ed by exhaustion of tho soil, or molsturo.
S. I). B. saysi "Trees tho most exposed
to tho cast winds havo suffered tho most."
Now I havo an orchard in my mind's viow,
that has a west oxpoiure, that is badly
blighted, and tho owner has about given up
raising fruit of any kind. Tho applo trees
wero sot in tho winter, at a timo when tho
laud was In good condition. Tho folloving
spring, a year, they wero badly blighted, and
have been getting worse until nearly all have
die.1.. Now the sun did nut shlno on tho trees
until about 0 o'clock iu tho morning; neither
did tho cast winds blow on them, tlicro being
a heavy skirt of timber on tho cast and
north so that idea has como to naught.
Hopo that we will fcrrit out the real cause
of blight. Loiu.kk.
Clackamas Cocnty, July 5, 1879.
A Pleasant Affair.
Salem, June 30th, 1870.
Editor Willamotto Farmcri
On June 27 the scholars of the I'ringle
and Pleasant Point schools, near Salem,
united in giving an exhibition and picnic.
A delightful grove was chosen and tho stage
was tastefully decorated and provided with
an organ. Miss May Cross was organist.
Mr. Dan Clark, with a few appropriate re
marks, opened tho exhibition, that was con
ducted throughout with a degroo of perfec
tion that spoke very highly of tho ellicient
training given by tho teachers, Misses Jones
and Peebles. A daughter of Mr. Levi Her
rcn, the two pretty little daughters of Mr.
Dan Clark, and Miss Addle Peebles wore
especially meritorious in their performances,
Judge Peebles closed with a few felicitous
remarks, and then the inner man was attend
ed to; after which croquet, and "awing'en."
All finally dispersed in high good humor with
themselves and every one else. Dem.
Weather Report for June, 1878.
During June, 13"9, there were two days on
which rain fell, giving an aggregate of 0.47
inches of water, 14 clear days and 14 cloudy
days. The mean temperature for month,
53.20; highest daily mean temperature, C4
on 1, 13, and 27; lowest daily mean tempera
ture, 53 on the 6th; mean temperature for the
month, 2 o'clock r. M., G9.20'; highest record
of the thermometer for the month 78' at 2
o'clock r. m. on 27; lowest, 4S' at 7 a. m on
22d; solar halo on the 2d. Tho prevailing
w inds for the mouth were from the north
during 19 days; s. w. 7 days; n. w. 4 days.
During June, 1878, there was no rain; 20
clear and 10 cloudy days; mean temperature
for the month, 02.17'j highest daily mean
temperature for the month, 72 on 5th; lowest
daily mean temperature for the month, 54
on 1st. Tuoa Putc
Eola, July 1st, 1879.
Read ail the new ads. this week.
PORTLAND, OREGON, JULY' 11, 1871).
Status of Crops,
ftlitor Willamctto Farmcri
Following is tho status of tho different
crops enumerated, ns far as I can learn. Any
material change I will correct hereafter. Last
will bo denoted by 100,
Apples 00
Blackberries 125
Potatocs,acroago..l00
Potatoes, prospect 125
readies 7,1
Prunes 30
Plum 35
Cherries 25
Jlay lftu
Kaspbcrrics 100
H.S.D.,Sec. M.D.P.U.No.O
PonnAHi), Juno Oth, 1879.
" noOKWOOD."
REDMOND & SMITH'S HORSES.
Wo publish this week tho likeness of
Kockwood, another ono of Iledmond & Smith's
horses. Wallace's Monthly in commenting
upon Kockwood says I
"Kockwood, foaled 1875, by Fleetwood,
son of Happy Medium, by Kydsdyk's Ham
blctonion, is a grand colt. Ho is a very dark
bay or brown, weighs 1,010 pounds, and will
mako a horse full 10 hands high, when ma
turod, and although ho is only woll broken to
harness, will bo in the foremost rank of our
cclcbratotl fast horses. Ho shows n flno upon
gait. As an ovidence of his good breeding I
Soatbdowns.
This valuablo and hardy breed of thoup
formerly yielded only a medium quality of
coarse wool, but furnished mutton oi a supe
rior quality and llavnr. For tho last fifty
years it has been remarkably improved, its
liuo points have been developed, as shown ill
its improved size and form and its early ma
turity and productiveness, nearly half of the
ewes producing twins. Their wool is now so
improved that it is tho most profitablo sheep
the farmers of this country can raise; it is as
valuable as that of tho Merino. The finer
grade of their fleece is now used as a combing
wool, and tho quantity produced is uearly
equal to that of the Merino flocks, Tho
Southdowus aro tho most hardy and healthy
breed that wo havo in Ohio, and will stand
exposure and suhiist on rough feed and short
pastures, but will repay good care and full
(ceding. They make their growth quite
young, aud tho w ethers may bo fattened at
eighteen months. For the best results tho
ewes should not lie bred before two years
of age.
We tako tho foregoing from an Eastern
journal, and iu this connection stato that we
kuow of instances where Southdown sheep
prove profitable on this coast. Hon. 0. !'
Cooke, brother of the late K. N. Cooke of
Salem, who formerly lived in Polk County,
now resides at KUensburg, in the Yakima
country, W. T., where he has a Hock of one
thousand sheep, almost pure Southdowus,
that average five pounds of wool per head,
which be sold at 20 cents last week, while
the best Kastern was bringing but 18 and 19.
His wool was clean, with little grease and
dirt, which made it salable. He aays they
prove very hardy and the mutton Is unusually
fine, and he considers them profitable.
Sheep In Oregon.
The Ashlaud Tidings saysi
"Tho wool product of Oregon this year is
nearly double that of last year, and tho flocks
are increasing rapidly, especially in Kasteru
Oregon. There is an increasing demand for
wool every year, and the profitable business
of wool growing will soon bring an immense
revenue to our Stato. The sheep are already
crowding out the cattle heds in many place,
and in little valleys too confined for cattle,
and upon the foot-hills and mountains all
over the State the woolly flocks are growing
larger every year. In the northeastern part
of the State the bunch grass is lulled by the
sheep, but in iU place a fine tender grass
springs up, which furnishes excellent pasturage."
II
Hfw
sssssssssV
frv
sssT ta
UfllHHC91sW
rKr&3M6ZZmSKet fe"1 & fv2?
PH!sS-,4ils
Horticultural Association.
Tho regular monthly meeting oi the'North
western Horticultural Society was to havo
taken place last Saturday, July 5th, but
owing to tho storm and th rational holiday
being so lately passed many regular attend
ants wero not present, and tho few who wero
there, after having tho By-laws reported from
committee by Mr. Failing, adjourned to tho
first Saturday fit August at ono o'clock r. m.,
without taking' action.- .Every fruit-grower
should tako an interest In Ue Socioty,
-
PiiomtTY or Kkumo.su & 8mii.
will stato thaVlils sire haV wcord ut 'J 20?
with threo heats to his credit In the 2:30 list."
They havo a two-yoar old colt uamod
Prince Duroc, who Is coal black, and shows a
natural inclination to trot. Ho is as near
perfection as can lie, and promises well.
With these three horses alono Kcdmond &
Smith have the nucleus of a breeding estab
lishment which should mako a reputation for
Oregon in the trotting world, and we can sco
no rcaion why it should not.
Any other stockmen, wishlug to havo illus
trations and descriptions of their stock pub
lished, would do well to correspond with us,
as wo havo every facility for such.
' ty
VeteivHVIY.
A DISEASED COLT.
AuiANr, Or., June 20, 1879.
Editor Willamette Formeri
In the Fabmkii of last week you state that
a gentleman named Withycumbo, a veterinary
surgeon, has kindly volunteered information
and advice relative to diseases in domestio an
imals. I havo a suckling colt that has a hard lump
just forward f the throat, on the inside edge
of the jaw, about ten inches long. At first
I thought it was the distemper, and treated
It for that disease, without any good results
iu remuviug tho lump. The colt appears well
otherwise, and rt growing finely. If Mr.
Withycoxibo will tell mo what tho disease is,
and what remedy to use, through tho Faiimku,
ho will oblige me very much.
Sh.ah Hakjiit.
We havo handed the abovo to Friend W.,
and he makes the following reply thereto, and
also gives tho remedy.
Your colt is suffering of enlargement of the
lymphatic glands that are situated insido the
lower jaw, aud it is probably the effect of
some former constitutional derangement.
Tako compound tlncturo of iodine and apply
a little over the enlargement once a day by
means of a small paint brush, to lie pretty
well brushed in. If it seems to blister, quit
using for a few days, then repeat tho applica
tion. If the enlargement does not seem to
diminish in sire iu the courso of a mouth,
give tho following internally) one ounce iodide
of potassium, eight ounces of water. Mix,
and give a tablespoonful once a day, with a
little oats or bran,
JAMtd WiTllvuouue, V. 8., Portland.
Do cabbajo worms trouble your plants?
For every hundred of cabbage take a quarter
of a pound of black pepper and put In a box
large enough to sift out well, (lo into tho
patch before the dew is off and pepper the
cabbage. Two or three times will be suffi
cient. Daviisox lino, are trying to please all
(a hard matter) and from all we can learn
they seem to do so, with their two galleries.
Do. Kick. Is undoubted! a (bcosm la the
cure of Catarrah. Coos uliaUosi frw.
9
Open letter to Uncle Sam.
Nestockton, in Oregon, )
Juno 15, 1879. i
Dkak Unclr Sami As you aro painfully
awaro, I have recently thrown up my com
mission as Postmattcr of this office, to which
honorabla and lucrativo position I was ap
pointed anterior to tho Franco-Prussian War.
llcnco It follows that for over nine years havo
I stood at tho general delivery window of tho
odico at least sovun days out of tho week in
tho solemn dispatch of business, neither tak
ing timo to swear at exasperating hoodlums or
wink at pretty girls passing by. Vorily, I
havo done nouo of this. For nine long years
havo I vigorously licked, stuck, stamped, can
celed and accounted for all of tho stamps in
their various denominations, and tho envel
opes thereof transmitted to my charge, and
purloined not at all. Promptly havo I hon
ored your checks at their every quarterly
presentation, paying you tho solid gold In
your hand, and grumbled not. For nlno
yoars havo I stood a mcok, hat-in-hand offi
cial beforo you, never asking for back pay, bo
causo there was nouo duo mc, mid knowing
that you would not ralso my wages, I liavo
never demanded It. Verily I havo done nouo
of this, but moved contentedly along in tho
even tenor of my way.
But, dear undo, I am now noarly undone
Nino years of steady business pressure 00
pounds to tho square inch havo done thoir
ugly work, and havo left me a physical
wreck, honco my resignation, and by medical
advice I start soon for tho champjno dis
tricts of Franca to rocuperatu. In Kuropo I
will move around as the honored guest of
Khedives and F.mperors. Why not? Look
at Grant, and behold tho honors douo blm
abroad, and ho was in ofllco only eight years,
while I havo .served you over nino, This fact
will assuredly establish me.
And, uncle, after I havo becomo my sol f
again, after I havo returned to my uatlvo
land, where I will bo received by 50,000
trains of jieoplo or, I would aay 50,000 poo
pie in trains, and after tho pcoplo havo
quieted down again, I will accept again a
good position on your staff, anythlug with
inonoy in it but tho Borliu Mission, I fear
tho unsoclallstio and ungodly Dutch,
I would liko to Ira postmaster of Now York
city. I think I am amply qualified by past
experience to ably fill that position.
But however, I will not urge- the matter
upon you at present. Write soon. Direct to
Hotel do Faubourg, Paris.
Yoon Kknikw,
Which was P. M. of Nestocktou.
P. S. That 57 cents duo me you can re
taiu and tack on to an appropriation bill.
This leaves us well. Tho neighbors aro well,
including my mother-in-law, who, I regret to
say, is looking unusually well. P. M.
y
Cause of Hard Times.
llAiutMiiuiio, Or., July 1st, 1879.
Kditor Willamette Farmer!
I notice quite a number of communications
on the subject of hard times, causes and pre
vention, etc., all very good so far as thoy go.
Yet I think the great causo has not been
touched.
You aru uo doubt fumiliar with tho fublo
about tho ox aud tho toad. Tho toad found
himself alongside tho ox, and tried toiutlato
himself to the size of his neighbor, and burst
ed in tho attempt.
Now, I think that too mauy toads are try
ing to bo oxen. To illustrate! wo will uy
hore aro Smith and Jouen living neighbors.
Smith, by close management, shrewd trading
and some rascality, has becomo wealthy, and
his girls havo all the luxuries of life and noue
of the drudgery. Well, Mr. Jones thinks
his girls aro as good as Smith's, and they
must have a musical instrument of some
kind, piano or organ. Not uudeistauding
music, a teacher Is hired at a very good sala
ry. Then comes the extravagant dressing.
Kvery time there is a gathering of any kind
they must have uew dresses, and not knowing
how to cut in tho latest fashion, they must Lo
taken to the dressmakers to I cut aud made.
Then when wash day comes, the girls not
feeling very well, gather up their week's
washing and call father to tako it down to
High Flung Leo.
Well, tho good old soul, Iu sjci Neighbor
Smith do all these things, und are not Ids
girls as good as Smith's! Well, tho result id,
at tho end of the year ho can't meet tho de
mauds. Ho gives his uotu for Lalance due,
thinking he will have better luck next jear.
At the end of ucxt year he is further behind.
He gives a mortgage, Tho next he is closed
out and set back as a renter.
Girls raised in luxury and laziness, what
are they fit fort They are not fit to become
wives and mothers, nor anything, except it
were a fit receptacle for every kind of patent
B0truia that comes) along.
NO. 21.
You say how about tho boys! their oxtrava
ganco takes a different form such m paying
fines, horso racing, chowing tobacco, smoking
cigars, drinking whisky, and 'very often bo
coming confirmed bacchanalians. Now my
romedy would bo to teach tho boys and girls
that it Is mora honorablo to do manual labor
of any kind and bo self sustaining than to bo
dependent on any ono for sustonance. Lot
your financial standing bo what it may, bo
economical, for no long as wo sco machinory
of all kinds left out In the woather, winter
and summer; so long ns wo soo father's
teaching thoir boys by proccpt and oxamplo,
that It shows a man to step up to tho bar am!
call for whisky; and chow tobacco, and squirt
thoir filthy amber over ovorythlng thoy pass
by; to bo boisterous with their profanity; thai
mothers toach thoir girls that flno clothing
makes flno women to long as we toads try to
bo oxen, we will havo hard times lu Oregon,
or anywhere clso. But when the revorso wo
sco, wo will havo poaco, plenty and prosperi
ty. Now don't think that I am somo old
croaker that wishes to doprivo tho youngsters
of .ill thoir ploasurcs. On tho coutrary, I
think that it is tho duty of ovory parent to
mako their home as attractive as possiblo
with tho means In hand, but count tho costs
beforo you build don't grab for anything
you can't roach around. A. K. W.
Bonsiblo Suggestions to Horse Trainers.
1. Nover try to beat a colt into doing a
thing, for if nervous ho may turn out a
vicious horso, and if stupid ho may becomo
stubborn. Itcmcmbcr that by patienco and
gentleness he can bo got to do anythlug that
will not hurt him.
2. When tho horso shows signs of shying
at an objoct, do not beat blm but lead him up
to It, allowing blm to stand and look as
he 'comes closer; and after ho oxamlucs it a
fow times ho will not fear anything of tho
kind again. In passing by hedges with a colt,
throw in atones and stop him until ho tako
no notlco of tho noise.
3. Beforo pulling on any artlclo of hornoss,
lot your colt smell it, and then rub against
his head, neck and body.
5. Always start a horso with tho voice,
nevor with a cut of tho whip. In starting,
turn a nino to one amo, ami lu stopping
...I ! I. til .1.. II. !"
mien uuiuu uii n inn.
Agricultural Qozette.
Comitook & Pflager.
Tho many friends and costomora of thoso
gentlemen will be glad to know that they
havo compromised matters with thelrcredltora
and aro again open and offering a full lino ot
goods THAT MUST UK SOLI) at low prices.
During (ho noxt sixty days thoy offer their
immense stock jat a sacrifice for cash in hand,
Thoy haye a full line of dry goods, clothing,
boots aud shoes, genoral merchandise and
groceries, and at tho price thoy offer goods
should do an immonso business. They can bo
found at their old stand, middle of Centennial
Block, Third Street, between Morrison and
Yamhill. Thoso who aro not acquainted with
them will do woll to call aud mako an
acquaintance that will lie mutually prufitablo
and pleasant j
Carriages, Buggies and Wagons.
All you who wish to buy any ehlcle for
pleasure aru use, should call on V. K. Smith,
of this city, whoso advertisement will Ijo
found elsewhero. ''Ho also offers for Hals
vcojilhauiL-tcam uiigiuea and saw-mill ma
chinory, and will dispose of some thoice city
projierty.
New Advertisers.
Win, Dunbar, Portland, deals in all aorta
of produco ami can bo found a few doors north
of tho Stark street Ferry, on the river sldo of
Fw..t Street.
Mr, Fmidel Sutherlia offers for sal ten
thousand pounds of choice Umpqua wool.
See the advertisement of Pacifio Nursery
near Salem, where all sorts of choice trees
can be had at short notice.
A. B. C'oa1t, of this city, Ixssldes being tho
leading life insurance man of the Pacifio
Northwist, varrits on the real ottatu business
at his ollice near tho southeast eomerof Stark
and Pint sticets, l'uitlaiid. Ho is u livo
isan, so givu him a call.
Newberry, Chapman & Co.
TnU iiilerpiising house aru doing an im
mense hasincss iu Oboruo Co.'s riapers and
moners, as well as in that company's self
binding harvester, that keeps tho field against
all opposition. They alto sell tho Minnesota
Chief Thresher, which is a very valuable ma
chine. They havo an increasing trade in tho
Whitewater Waon that gives the best pos
siblo satisfaction when used, and a friend
writing from Koteburg assorts that those are
tho "Boss" wagons there. Also you will find
at their place uuo of the portable farm engines
offered for sale by Mr. Dan Clark, of Salem.