A, Vi TERMS OMUB)OI(IIjTIUN II A MI tit Till mette Farmer, Mill e'isnes, its la pries c -A 1,00 JPcr Annum. (Nth tho aJJoil expense et an en- I Usue wo cannot allorJ the paper ut pro payment at less than ? aa.oo. to v ,: - "I itlcr our Inrstbbte charge 111 be 2.50 In advnee. or $3,00 after Six months, I wo prefer to nsro pay la advance. '1VOL.XI. ll'ina ii tho hardest timo for inonoy wo or know or ever expect to know. It you i for subscription pleaso remit (luring July, possible. We shall appreciate it as a favor jfiiou will help us now. Wo never shall MkI it as much again. Itcmcmbcr our terms lM'$2.C0 ku advance CASH Iff HARD. bo advantages of dealing for cash are not iy to lie calculated. The crcuii system Htidcnnlncd tho prosperity of tho country ton it tho towns grow rich becauso they It doublo profits as security, and indeed ' have to do so to livo and bo ablo to do loess successfully. The system Is at fault. heard a dealer in agricultural machinory ert that tho farmer had to pay an enormous Co for buying on long time, as no doubt ho Tho wholesaler owns the rotailer who ys on credit, and taxos him what ho pleasos ' what roods ho chooses to let him have. 'The retailer retaliates on his customers, and jk SO on through tlia list. Tho comfort and fir 'profit of dealing for cash aro not easily ox- rilalucd. To own what you have and owo no 'wTn'au, is a hapincss not easily dcscriled. To bo satisfied with what ono has and labor to a Mini all ono can Is truo philosophy. mWlicro aro times whon a person can mako ixaonoy by taking chances, but it is not over jtwrson who can do it. Tho sharp speculators (.Wo tho exception, and so unfortunatoly aro o prudont managers who understand tho art "getting along." ( When wo look abroad wo soo a world strug. ing with debt. It is not possible to avoid always, but what is possiblo and ncccs- ury beyond n doubt, is for evory man to exorriso nil jiusaiuiu cauuuu iur tuar uiai, uu t'fall get out of his depth and go down in Wgmg billows. &7SB 8SA80H AND THE CROPS. 'u.'All through tho country farmers aro haying tjid preparing for harvest. Tho showers that attended this jurt of tho country on tho .Id and 4th of July, wero faverablo to lato sown grain and not damaging to any other, though we hoar of wind storm that threw down sowio grain upon l-'rcnch l'ralrie. Tho pros pect is favorablo for a very heavy yield and all wait the ban est with expectation of good ,'t(rucs coming. Tho appearanco of Kastcm returns justifies tho belief that tho surplus o! breadstuff in America for lS79will not ex ceed that of 1878. Tbo reports from tho British Islands, and tho countries of Kurope, aro not flattering to 'tbo growing crop in many localities, aud it is nowiso certain that tho great nations of tho old world will not fall below their average of wheat production. This has been an uuusual season with no sxcesslve heat to do damage and with frequent bowers and raips up to the present time. .Tie cool weather has been very remarkable 'And tho grain now ripening has had every tJ7,PPortunity to fill gradually and make all rthat was possible. If tho grain sown in May (does well, it will prove a very unusual .season indeed. HARD TIMES. f Wo mako elsewhere a personal appeal to fall who owo for tho present year or aru in "Jrrears for tho past to pay us NOW if betsible. Wo must havo coin lu hand to 'tarry on our business and we should have it if all paid up punctually. V. Times aro harder, money scarcer aud bus! .btu duller than for years, and we ask all Vljoican possibly do so to help us to means fAfter Januiry 1st, 18S0, we shall adopt the ' strictly Cash-in-advance system, and ,it will -ir o pay no paper, and there will be no staining done through these columns after it. HELP US IF YOU CAN I SAVE GOOD SPECIMENS. 'At this time farmers are saving tho hay p, and the barley will be ripe before long; i will the rye, and wa want to urge all who are good grain or grass to save specimens to exhibited at the fair of the Mechanics stituto in San Francisco, in August. You gather good bunches of timothy, clover, cbard grass, or any other kind, and do kern up carefully and leave them at any rail Wd or express office, marked "P. bchuUe, 'fertland," and they will come all right, and I Ve sure and put jour name and address on tVh bundle They wish to procure bunches or sheaves of TfcTassesasd grains, vegetable aud fruits, of different kinds of wood, specimens or Una or choice wool, ana in taci 01 any or anyming ttkat represents the products or industries of , Oregon. Yfats ordering goods advertised in the Fashm, be sore to merit ion the Farmu, a ( lp ua lots. How Do They Transfer Beeit 1CJ I tor Willamette Farmer) I would liko to hear from Mr. Steers on transferring bees) how wo shall manago in tho operation; whother wo should uso twine, wooden slats, or wire in fastening tho comb in tho frames; and what part of tho day is best. I am interested in bco culture. Liko Mr. Steers wo bellevo that we aro poisoning our families by using the so-called syrups of tho day, Tho adulteration of tea, coffoc, sugar, syrups, and I might say nearly all tho grooor ios of the day, has been so great that Congrcari prohibited such by law. There are thousands of pounds of tho purest nectar going to waste that might be aaved by the culture of bees. Anyone, even tho most timid, can hivo and caro for bees by nsing gloves on tho hands, and n hat made out of wiro gauio largo enough to cover the face. If wo cannot raise enough honoy to do us, I would suggest that every farmer set out a sugar maple grove, and mako what sugar wo want. Tho seed to plant an acre would not cost mora than twenty-flvo cenU. Planted in good ground and well cultivated, with proper care, wo would not be long without tho moans to mako all our syrups that we as farmers want to use. LoiiAlNK. CMCK.uun Cooktv, July Oth. ' Loramo " and tho Applo Treo Blight. IMitor Witlamctto Farmer: S. I). 11., in your last issuo seems to bo at a loss to understand my pjsitiou in regard to tho causo of applo tree blight. It was not tho act of planting corn, potatoes, leans, etc., in tho orchard that caused tho Wight, but tho effect of such planting. First, by causing tho laud to bo getting poorer. Second, by causing a heavy drain of molsturo on tho laud at tho very timo tho applo tree noedod such moisture. Wight in applo trees is a disease, and may bo causod several ways. First, by oxhaustion of tho land. Second, by exhaustion of moisture. Third, by propa gating from thoso trees that havo bocn starv ed by exhaustion of tho soil, or molsturo. S. I). B. saysi "Trees tho most exposed to tho cast winds havo suffered tho most." Now I havo an orchard in my mind's viow, that has a west oxpoiure, that is badly blighted, and tho owner has about given up raising fruit of any kind. Tho applo trees wero sot in tho winter, at a timo when tho laud was In good condition. Tho folloving spring, a year, they wero badly blighted, and have been getting worse until nearly all have die.1.. Now the sun did nut shlno on tho trees until about 0 o'clock iu tho morning; neither did tho cast winds blow on them, tlicro being a heavy skirt of timber on tho cast and north so that idea has como to naught. Hopo that we will fcrrit out the real cause of blight. Loiu.kk. Clackamas Cocnty, July 5, 1879. A Pleasant Affair. Salem, June 30th, 1870. Editor Willamotto Farmcri On June 27 the scholars of the I'ringle and Pleasant Point schools, near Salem, united in giving an exhibition and picnic. A delightful grove was chosen and tho stage was tastefully decorated and provided with an organ. Miss May Cross was organist. Mr. Dan Clark, with a few appropriate re marks, opened tho exhibition, that was con ducted throughout with a degroo of perfec tion that spoke very highly of tho ellicient training given by tho teachers, Misses Jones and Peebles. A daughter of Mr. Levi Her rcn, the two pretty little daughters of Mr. Dan Clark, and Miss Addle Peebles wore especially meritorious in their performances, Judge Peebles closed with a few felicitous remarks, and then the inner man was attend ed to; after which croquet, and "awing'en." All finally dispersed in high good humor with themselves and every one else. Dem. Weather Report for June, 1878. During June, 13"9, there were two days on which rain fell, giving an aggregate of 0.47 inches of water, 14 clear days and 14 cloudy days. The mean temperature for month, 53.20; highest daily mean temperature, C4 on 1, 13, and 27; lowest daily mean tempera ture, 53 on the 6th; mean temperature for the month, 2 o'clock r. M., G9.20'; highest record of the thermometer for the month 78' at 2 o'clock r. m. on 27; lowest, 4S' at 7 a. m on 22d; solar halo on the 2d. Tho prevailing w inds for the mouth were from the north during 19 days; s. w. 7 days; n. w. 4 days. During June, 1878, there was no rain; 20 clear and 10 cloudy days; mean temperature for the month, 02.17'j highest daily mean temperature for the month, 72 on 5th; lowest daily mean temperature for the month, 54 on 1st. Tuoa Putc Eola, July 1st, 1879. Read ail the new ads. this week. PORTLAND, OREGON, JULY' 11, 1871). Status of Crops, ftlitor Willamctto Farmcri Following is tho status of tho different crops enumerated, ns far as I can learn. Any material change I will correct hereafter. Last will bo denoted by 100, Apples 00 Blackberries 125 Potatocs,acroago..l00 Potatoes, prospect 125 readies 7,1 Prunes 30 Plum 35 Cherries 25 Jlay lftu Kaspbcrrics 100 H.S.D.,Sec. M.D.P.U.No.O PonnAHi), Juno Oth, 1879. " noOKWOOD." REDMOND & SMITH'S HORSES. Wo publish this week tho likeness of Kockwood, another ono of Iledmond & Smith's horses. Wallace's Monthly in commenting upon Kockwood says I "Kockwood, foaled 1875, by Fleetwood, son of Happy Medium, by Kydsdyk's Ham blctonion, is a grand colt. Ho is a very dark bay or brown, weighs 1,010 pounds, and will mako a horse full 10 hands high, when ma turod, and although ho is only woll broken to harness, will bo in the foremost rank of our cclcbratotl fast horses. Ho shows n flno upon gait. As an ovidence of his good breeding I Soatbdowns. This valuablo and hardy breed of thoup formerly yielded only a medium quality of coarse wool, but furnished mutton oi a supe rior quality and llavnr. For tho last fifty years it has been remarkably improved, its liuo points have been developed, as shown ill its improved size and form and its early ma turity and productiveness, nearly half of the ewes producing twins. Their wool is now so improved that it is tho most profitablo sheep the farmers of this country can raise; it is as valuable as that of tho Merino. The finer grade of their fleece is now used as a combing wool, and tho quantity produced is uearly equal to that of the Merino flocks, Tho Southdowus aro tho most hardy and healthy breed that wo havo in Ohio, and will stand exposure and suhiist on rough feed and short pastures, but will repay good care and full (ceding. They make their growth quite young, aud tho w ethers may bo fattened at eighteen months. For the best results tho ewes should not lie bred before two years of age. We tako tho foregoing from an Eastern journal, and iu this connection stato that we kuow of instances where Southdown sheep prove profitable on this coast. Hon. 0. !' Cooke, brother of the late K. N. Cooke of Salem, who formerly lived in Polk County, now resides at KUensburg, in the Yakima country, W. T., where he has a Hock of one thousand sheep, almost pure Southdowus, that average five pounds of wool per head, which be sold at 20 cents last week, while the best Kastern was bringing but 18 and 19. His wool was clean, with little grease and dirt, which made it salable. He aays they prove very hardy and the mutton Is unusually fine, and he considers them profitable. Sheep In Oregon. The Ashlaud Tidings saysi "Tho wool product of Oregon this year is nearly double that of last year, and tho flocks are increasing rapidly, especially in Kasteru Oregon. There is an increasing demand for wool every year, and the profitable business of wool growing will soon bring an immense revenue to our Stato. The sheep are already crowding out the cattle heds in many place, and in little valleys too confined for cattle, and upon the foot-hills and mountains all over the State the woolly flocks are growing larger every year. In the northeastern part of the State the bunch grass is lulled by the sheep, but in iU place a fine tender grass springs up, which furnishes excellent pasturage." II Hfw sssssssssV frv sssT ta UfllHHC91sW rKr&3M6ZZmSKet fe"1 & fv2? PH!sS-,4ils Horticultural Association. Tho regular monthly meeting oi the'North western Horticultural Society was to havo taken place last Saturday, July 5th, but owing to tho storm and th rational holiday being so lately passed many regular attend ants wero not present, and tho few who wero there, after having tho By-laws reported from committee by Mr. Failing, adjourned to tho first Saturday fit August at ono o'clock r. m., without taking' action.- .Every fruit-grower should tako an interest In Ue Socioty, - PiiomtTY or Kkumo.su & 8mii. will stato thaVlils sire haV wcord ut 'J 20? with threo heats to his credit In the 2:30 list." They havo a two-yoar old colt uamod Prince Duroc, who Is coal black, and shows a natural inclination to trot. Ho is as near perfection as can lie, and promises well. With these three horses alono Kcdmond & Smith have the nucleus of a breeding estab lishment which should mako a reputation for Oregon in the trotting world, and we can sco no rcaion why it should not. Any other stockmen, wishlug to havo illus trations and descriptions of their stock pub lished, would do well to correspond with us, as wo havo every facility for such. ' ty VeteivHVIY. A DISEASED COLT. AuiANr, Or., June 20, 1879. Editor Willamette Formeri In the Fabmkii of last week you state that a gentleman named Withycumbo, a veterinary surgeon, has kindly volunteered information and advice relative to diseases in domestio an imals. I havo a suckling colt that has a hard lump just forward f the throat, on the inside edge of the jaw, about ten inches long. At first I thought it was the distemper, and treated It for that disease, without any good results iu remuviug tho lump. The colt appears well otherwise, and rt growing finely. If Mr. Withycoxibo will tell mo what tho disease is, and what remedy to use, through tho Faiimku, ho will oblige me very much. Sh.ah Hakjiit. We havo handed the abovo to Friend W., and he makes the following reply thereto, and also gives tho remedy. Your colt is suffering of enlargement of the lymphatic glands that are situated insido the lower jaw, aud it is probably the effect of some former constitutional derangement. Tako compound tlncturo of iodine and apply a little over the enlargement once a day by means of a small paint brush, to lie pretty well brushed in. If it seems to blister, quit using for a few days, then repeat tho applica tion. If the enlargement does not seem to diminish in sire iu the courso of a mouth, give tho following internally) one ounce iodide of potassium, eight ounces of water. Mix, and give a tablespoonful once a day, with a little oats or bran, JAMtd WiTllvuouue, V. 8., Portland. Do cabbajo worms trouble your plants? For every hundred of cabbage take a quarter of a pound of black pepper and put In a box large enough to sift out well, (lo into tho patch before the dew is off and pepper the cabbage. Two or three times will be suffi cient. Daviisox lino, are trying to please all (a hard matter) and from all we can learn they seem to do so, with their two galleries. Do. Kick. Is undoubted! a (bcosm la the cure of Catarrah. Coos uliaUosi frw. 9 Open letter to Uncle Sam. Nestockton, in Oregon, ) Juno 15, 1879. i Dkak Unclr Sami As you aro painfully awaro, I have recently thrown up my com mission as Postmattcr of this office, to which honorabla and lucrativo position I was ap pointed anterior to tho Franco-Prussian War. llcnco It follows that for over nine years havo I stood at tho general delivery window of tho odico at least sovun days out of tho week in tho solemn dispatch of business, neither tak ing timo to swear at exasperating hoodlums or wink at pretty girls passing by. Vorily, I havo done nouo of this. For nine long years havo I vigorously licked, stuck, stamped, can celed and accounted for all of tho stamps in their various denominations, and tho envel opes thereof transmitted to my charge, and purloined not at all. Promptly havo I hon ored your checks at their every quarterly presentation, paying you tho solid gold In your hand, and grumbled not. For nlno yoars havo I stood a mcok, hat-in-hand offi cial beforo you, never asking for back pay, bo causo there was nouo duo mc, mid knowing that you would not ralso my wages, I liavo never demanded It. Verily I havo done nouo of this, but moved contentedly along in tho even tenor of my way. But, dear undo, I am now noarly undone Nino years of steady business pressure 00 pounds to tho square inch havo done thoir ugly work, and havo left me a physical wreck, honco my resignation, and by medical advice I start soon for tho champjno dis tricts of Franca to rocuperatu. In Kuropo I will move around as the honored guest of Khedives and F.mperors. Why not? Look at Grant, and behold tho honors douo blm abroad, and ho was in ofllco only eight years, while I havo .served you over nino, This fact will assuredly establish me. And, uncle, after I havo becomo my sol f again, after I havo returned to my uatlvo land, where I will bo received by 50,000 trains of jieoplo or, I would aay 50,000 poo pie in trains, and after tho pcoplo havo quieted down again, I will accept again a good position on your staff, anythlug with inonoy in it but tho Borliu Mission, I fear tho unsoclallstio and ungodly Dutch, I would liko to Ira postmaster of Now York city. I think I am amply qualified by past experience to ably fill that position. But however, I will not urge- the matter upon you at present. Write soon. Direct to Hotel do Faubourg, Paris. Yoon Kknikw, Which was P. M. of Nestocktou. P. S. That 57 cents duo me you can re taiu and tack on to an appropriation bill. This leaves us well. Tho neighbors aro well, including my mother-in-law, who, I regret to say, is looking unusually well. P. M. y Cause of Hard Times. llAiutMiiuiio, Or., July 1st, 1879. Kditor Willamette Farmer! I notice quite a number of communications on the subject of hard times, causes and pre vention, etc., all very good so far as thoy go. Yet I think the great causo has not been touched. You aru uo doubt fumiliar with tho fublo about tho ox aud tho toad. Tho toad found himself alongside tho ox, and tried toiutlato himself to the size of his neighbor, and burst ed in tho attempt. Now, I think that too mauy toads are try ing to bo oxen. To illustrate! wo will uy hore aro Smith and Jouen living neighbors. Smith, by close management, shrewd trading and some rascality, has becomo wealthy, and his girls havo all the luxuries of life and noue of the drudgery. Well, Mr. Jones thinks his girls aro as good as Smith's, and they must have a musical instrument of some kind, piano or organ. Not uudeistauding music, a teacher Is hired at a very good sala ry. Then comes the extravagant dressing. Kvery time there is a gathering of any kind they must have uew dresses, and not knowing how to cut in tho latest fashion, they must Lo taken to the dressmakers to I cut aud made. Then when wash day comes, the girls not feeling very well, gather up their week's washing and call father to tako it down to High Flung Leo. Well, tho good old soul, Iu sjci Neighbor Smith do all these things, und are not Ids girls as good as Smith's! Well, tho result id, at tho end of the year ho can't meet tho de mauds. Ho gives his uotu for Lalance due, thinking he will have better luck next jear. At the end of ucxt year he is further behind. He gives a mortgage, Tho next he is closed out and set back as a renter. Girls raised in luxury and laziness, what are they fit fort They are not fit to become wives and mothers, nor anything, except it were a fit receptacle for every kind of patent B0truia that comes) along. NO. 21. You say how about tho boys! their oxtrava ganco takes a different form such m paying fines, horso racing, chowing tobacco, smoking cigars, drinking whisky, and 'very often bo coming confirmed bacchanalians. Now my romedy would bo to teach tho boys and girls that it Is mora honorablo to do manual labor of any kind and bo self sustaining than to bo dependent on any ono for sustonance. Lot your financial standing bo what it may, bo economical, for no long as wo sco machinory of all kinds left out In the woather, winter and summer; so long ns wo soo father's teaching thoir boys by proccpt and oxamplo, that It shows a man to step up to tho bar am! call for whisky; and chow tobacco, and squirt thoir filthy amber over ovorythlng thoy pass by; to bo boisterous with their profanity; thai mothers toach thoir girls that flno clothing makes flno women to long as we toads try to bo oxen, we will havo hard times lu Oregon, or anywhere clso. But when the revorso wo sco, wo will havo poaco, plenty and prosperi ty. Now don't think that I am somo old croaker that wishes to doprivo tho youngsters of .ill thoir ploasurcs. On tho coutrary, I think that it is tho duty of ovory parent to mako their home as attractive as possiblo with tho means In hand, but count tho costs beforo you build don't grab for anything you can't roach around. A. K. W. Bonsiblo Suggestions to Horse Trainers. 1. Nover try to beat a colt into doing a thing, for if nervous ho may turn out a vicious horso, and if stupid ho may becomo stubborn. Itcmcmbcr that by patienco and gentleness he can bo got to do anythlug that will not hurt him. 2. When tho horso shows signs of shying at an objoct, do not beat blm but lead him up to It, allowing blm to stand and look as he 'comes closer; and after ho oxamlucs it a fow times ho will not fear anything of tho kind again. In passing by hedges with a colt, throw in atones and stop him until ho tako no notlco of tho noise. 3. Beforo pulling on any artlclo of hornoss, lot your colt smell it, and then rub against his head, neck and body. 5. Always start a horso with tho voice, nevor with a cut of tho whip. In starting, turn a nino to one amo, ami lu stopping ...I ! I. til .1.. II. !" mien uuiuu uii n inn. Agricultural Qozette. Comitook & Pflager. Tho many friends and costomora of thoso gentlemen will be glad to know that they havo compromised matters with thelrcredltora and aro again open and offering a full lino ot goods THAT MUST UK SOLI) at low prices. During (ho noxt sixty days thoy offer their immense stock jat a sacrifice for cash in hand, Thoy haye a full line of dry goods, clothing, boots aud shoes, genoral merchandise and groceries, and at tho price thoy offer goods should do an immonso business. They can bo found at their old stand, middle of Centennial Block, Third Street, between Morrison and Yamhill. Thoso who aro not acquainted with them will do woll to call aud mako an acquaintance that will lie mutually prufitablo and pleasant j Carriages, Buggies and Wagons. All you who wish to buy any ehlcle for pleasure aru use, should call on V. K. Smith, of this city, whoso advertisement will Ijo found elsewhero. ''Ho also offers for Hals vcojilhauiL-tcam uiigiuea and saw-mill ma chinory, and will dispose of some thoice city projierty. New Advertisers. Win, Dunbar, Portland, deals in all aorta of produco ami can bo found a few doors north of tho Stark street Ferry, on the river sldo of Fw..t Street. Mr, Fmidel Sutherlia offers for sal ten thousand pounds of choice Umpqua wool. See the advertisement of Pacifio Nursery near Salem, where all sorts of choice trees can be had at short notice. A. B. C'oa1t, of this city, Ixssldes being tho leading life insurance man of the Pacifio Northwist, varrits on the real ottatu business at his ollice near tho southeast eomerof Stark and Pint sticets, l'uitlaiid. Ho is u livo isan, so givu him a call. Newberry, Chapman & Co. TnU iiilerpiising house aru doing an im mense hasincss iu Oboruo Co.'s riapers and moners, as well as in that company's self binding harvester, that keeps tho field against all opposition. They alto sell tho Minnesota Chief Thresher, which is a very valuable ma chine. They havo an increasing trade in tho Whitewater Waon that gives the best pos siblo satisfaction when used, and a friend writing from Koteburg assorts that those are tho "Boss" wagons there. Also you will find at their place uuo of the portable farm engines offered for sale by Mr. Dan Clark, of Salem.