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-3TCJ4l i X'isrw
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p r w. of H8AHpiY'
JJiXBOTOWLtT
OFFICERS of the NATIONAL OBANOE.
Matttr-John T. .Toned, Barton. PW IHpiArk.
Oartttr-J. J. Woodman, l'aw Paw, Van Daren,
Isclurerk. B. Smcdlcjr.Crcico, Howard, la.
iUward-A. J. VatiRlin, Memphis. Teno.
Ait't tf&wurrf-Mortlmer Whitehead, Mlddlobneb,
S0Cn"plaln-H. It. Ellis. HprtnffhoronRh. Warren. 0.
rre-irr-F. M. McDowell, Wuync, Steuben, N.Y.
AVcrWiry-O. II. Keller. bonlavllls. Kr.
Oate-Kf-per-O. Dinwiddle, orchard Oroyc, Ind.
tkru-ilt. John T. .tone. Ilirton, I'hl le. Ark.
FIora-Mm. Samuel 12. Adams. Montlcello, Minn.
toont Mm llarvoy (loddnrd, North (Iranby. tt.
LvUj AtiUtant HUwarJ-iWtt Carollno A. Hall,
Louisville, Ky.
BIECCIIVB COMMITTEE.
I). Wyntt Aiken, (Chairman,) Cokcabnry, B. 0,
K. K. Hhank'aod. ilubtiojio- Iowa.
Dudley T. Chase, Clareni'int. N. II.
Alonno Ojldcr, Hock Falls, Whiteside, III.
W. II. Chambers, Oaweichco, Itusecll. Ala,
Officers of Oregon -Stale Orange.
MattrrVi'm. Cyrna, Bclo.
Otenetf-A. K. Bhipley, Oswcso.
Jicturer-Un. K. N. Hunt, Bnbltmlty.
.Vwefary-N. W. Randall, Orison City.
MtwardVf. B. Thomas, Valla Wulla, W. T.
AWanl SUwardO. w. Kiddie, CanyonHlle.
CftaWain W. II. Gray, Aftorla.
Trtat'irtr B. V. Lao, Portland,
' flrtto-AVrxr-Banlel Clark. Salem.
ttrM-Mr. B. A. Miller. Jacksonville.
Iomnrn-yLn. B. D. Ilurham, MeMranrllle.
Jrr-Mr. E. A. Krlly.Eait Portland.
ael( 'Au't maoard-Ktt. Georgia Bmlth, Hood
nlto'cMl"Ctbwnii-Wm. Cyrus, Bclo; It. Clow,
Dallai; K. L. Braltb, Hood River. ,.,,
.Wit Uuln4i Avnt-8. V. Lee. Portlaad.
State Orange Deputies for 1077
litQfflce. KxprtH.
A mm.'. Oorralll..f. Corralll.
rLACKAVAS. ,
Knoch Hklrvloa Ilnttfl Crrk
N W JCiniUII -....Oregon city
J W ll.iyo MyrtloCrwik
O M (Midncr Wraln's Htatlon
J'lymZnTKoUyA.-....Kat Portland. ...East Portland
MAMON.
O W Hunt sublimity Salem
JN T Mlllor! Jackionrllle Jacksonville
PA Patterson. Hlckreil Balcin
.T.I Gliir'.ton...'. GoosuLake Jacksonville
Unlrl'"l?lw,r..'.. ..Kernjrvllle Jacksonville
,'AN,, . .. ..
James W Matlock (loshcn
ItAIrilnc....'. Lebanon Albany
John Utilu...'. Tyt:h Tho Dalles
HODiirhani....' Mc.Mlnr.vllh
J H.iilimton Ilisiou
II 11 IMtirlntt!'. Cmyon City Canyon City
roMlMMA.
J W (.'owr 0)liinibla City
It V MowSS""' Tlllimook North YamMll
JS Wlilto Wo'ton mckoii
.1 Upiin'HIiniLMlur. ... Oil..
WABIIINCITOK TIMMirUltV.
flLAKK.
It W Urmvii Vancouver
nil.UUhU. .. .
ItPHlfl l)a)liil
wiiir.MA.v.
LHIii!tr Coif'"
t
.Uiilfax
;ill.ilAI.Iit.
H7. (ioolilii Klmi
riKiiui. ....
HS Ma kimn Ch'jhalU l'o'nt
MuKu ojjmp,, Olympla
I'. I.oiuiiilrii ii'lin
Jiilltl,ll 'tion',., ytfttl'o...., Heattlo
Lr.wtit.
IiM Plcrnon Cliqintn
N VAItlXA. ,. ,
01' Coo Llhtirinv
loawconnlvwhoni tho Deputy n.iinlntcit la ii
tho wot .iltaW.i. uul the flrjnsi; f '- '"f.'1"1.;.
nniii.ly jijiluHt m iiw a elivlc. I will li vlt a wl, r'
i'!rtiiy!ii.liiiiel ha.iH n o'.lU'.-.l l mnVo up
polktnwnla wlltunit hiwwld'i ' ovVct'S.
M'lcrin!tfiiiHiatiilrain:o, P. "fit.
Mooting of Suborclluato Oranijoo
MNN COUNTY,
llnin, Nn.'it, moots In AUmiiy.on tlio lt
unit ilSiltirtU.VH (ir ii'iuli ni'inlli, Htl"; J".
Oilt lM.ln, NoTiI, l ILUcuy, mlmiJ-lUi
lliiiti'tr. No, KVi, In OrKwrordHVlllo, Il
Hinl:ir.l HitiiriUyrf. iitSn. in.
Syr.ioiim No. 3, it MltU'M btutlon, I'.li
Natunliiy, Kl I p, m.
IfiliNiioti No. ill, Ht LoImiioii, til utiil -Itli
HntmiUy. ut 10 it. in.
OmihI I'rrtlil.i No. 10, I'll HrtturjUy.
Knox llniui No. 'i.', It '"l :1l Htur'
' HAiitlAm No. U7, Sml uml Stunlnyn,
Ilnvvnivlllo yo. IP, 1st mid 2nd Hnlnr.
' TMiifftmt, No. 7, Ut ind .In! Trl Jy, nt 10
"'irtVrlil'iirK, No. 11, Ut und 3rd 8tiir-
ShoiM, No. 0, Ut und 3d HntnrdiiyH, ut 10
"'lu'ppy lit "I" No. 40, Ut hiuI 3d SiiturdayH
in moIi uionlli fimii Oololmr to Juno, and ou,
tho UtHalurday tlui luUnooorilioyuir.
llnriiionv No. !KI, 3rd Saturday, rr-KulHrly,
exoopt In Nov. Djo , Jan.. Fidi., mid March,
ht)ii tlioy moot llio Ut Krlday.
1IKNTON COUNTY.
Hoai) Crook No II, 1st Saturday nt 10 a. m.
WllUmollo no.ft., ini iiiuruy,
UMiUoiuath, No 12, -lU Saturday, at lOu.in.
I4NU COUNTY.
(lriwiwtill. No. CI, Itli SatfTrday, 1 . ni.
iK'int'U", No. MJ, In IJURJUO City, 3nl Sat
day, at 10 a. in.
Oliarlty, No. 70. 2 1 Miturday.
Oothon, No. Itli. UtSturdV,at IOo'clock
Jmiotloii Ulty, No. -13, 2nd Saturday, ut I
rsiiii'lw. N). 51, Aral Saturday In aoi
month, at U . ill. ,.,,..,
MoKonalrt, No. 107, Camp Crook, 2d batur.
Uy' lOl.K (H)UNVY.
O.ik Paint, No. 3, Ut and 3rd Saturdays.
MAIUON COUNTY.
Hilrm OraiiK. No. 17, Ut and 31 Sajur
ltys in naoli iiiuiuli, nxoajit in Aui;iih, Sep
tvubar, und October, wlmti It uuwiaonlyoii
Ulil lnnaHiniav'i umir nmi -..s....
AIiIiiim, No IIU, Uli Saturday.
It vl I'olut, Ni IS. :idStiirday,ll p. in
lluttu Crook, No. 2, 3rl Saturday, at tO
'M' n'ASlllNUTON COUNTY.
llAtviiiton No. 100, moou Ut, Saturday, at
IOo'clock.
Marlon County Pomona Grange
Will moot on tho flrai Friday In Do-
comiMTHt IOo'clock In Ho foionoon.nt
Gmnj?e Hull, Howoll Pmlrlc. A full
ttonduceldoslKHl.
O. W. Hrjirt.
F0K XH iAIS EXPOSITION.
The following omprJo th list of articles
which will bo hh!nodn tho City otyork
for Liverpool, from which place thoyare'to
bo forwarded to Paris and thero placed on
exhibition at the groat French exposition:
OATS.
Rimnlia nnt crrnwn bv S. II. Floldf. near
Ki.st Portland, 7 feet and 8 Inches high; alao
lour bundles; no names.
Sldo oatM raised near Jnnctlon, Lino
county, by U . Uencdy ; will averngo UO to 70
bushels per aero.
Tho followluB samples in saclts: Slionen,
ral'etl by W. M. Illlloiry.of Marlon county,
wiluhlne45 potinds per bushol: Wiitnrloo,
raiftvd by GoorRe II. Cook of Marlon; Ho pi
ton, ralsod by M. Wllklus of Lano, wch
I.,., r.o nnmiria tmr buahol . Htruck ineflRuru:
ylold 70 bushels por ncn; 8urprlo, ralswi
by J. It. Dlnitnick or Marlon: Whlto Potato,
raised by eamo psreou; ylold 8 bushels
from 20 poundi; Hopoton, raUod by U. u,
ThlolsonorPolk; Sldo oats, 0i feetlilfjb,
from Georgo Bailey, Junction City; No
Namo, rained by Thomas Itoe, Washlugton,
io,ralefd by Thomas Jtoo, Washiugton,
lnnirM ponniU per bushels suriirleo,
d by Joneph Hamilton, or Linn: black
ay, ralsodby John B. Dlmnilck.of
weigh
raised
fc?APAW
'"'""Jl .-..-w..-, -. -., ...,..,
Marlon, sowed way 7tn, cut oepiomuoi ,
1877, yield 05 bushels por aero; surprise,
ralsod by O. P. Burknart, or Linn; one
bundle of oat heads.
IXAX.
Two bundlos fUx, tplendld samples; ono
bunch water-rotted Jlax, three feet high,
OIIABHES.
Ono samplo of timothy 8 foet high, ono do,
Cfeot high, ralsod on the farm of T. O.
Shaw, Howell Prairie, Marion county: one
do, (I foot 3 Inouoa high; red clovor ralstd by
llonry Kaloltth, Clackamas county, nonr
Oregon City, 0W foot high; orchard itrasH 7
feet 3 inches high, raised by J. M. Johns,
Marlon station, Marlon county: red top, 4
feet high; ono banch of mlllotGM? teot high;
Lowland bunch grass, ono sample.
(IHAINH.
Whlto ryo, fromS. Harkloroad, ralsod by
Mr. Frank, near Oorvals, Marlon county,
hY, fitot high; onn bunch Fgyptlsii wheat. 7
feat blab; whlto fall whoat, raised by O. V.
Shaw, Marlon county, ho -n Nov. 5, 1870, GJi
fiot high; Chile club wheat, (spring) raNml
byO.A. Wado, 1 feot and 0 Inches hlxli,
raised In Clackamas munty; Llttlo club
wheat, Sfcot and It Incliea high, raised by
John Cooper, of Polk, rut July 12th;Hprlng
wheat, Wt root iilxti; unno omu wuohi.-i
feet high, sowwl April 20lh, 1877; llttlo club.
4 feot hlgii; whit' winter wheat, sowed 22d
Ooofitnbttr, 1870, W f-ot high; whlto wheat,
Hut product ol tl grains, without plow and
lmrrow.fi fret 3 Inches high; two bundles ol
whlto whont; ono bunch unrJey, 4 leot lil;h;
onn biinillo whlio wheat,
Tho fallowing nninnles of grain In Ricks
wlllMlMobn tout: spring Chlln club wheat,
Irom Ono, II 111 MIm, of Linn cotiutv, yield
rt bushels iiiriicri;eirliiK llttlo club, J. II.
Kiiiiuoit, 1VIK: spring whlto Australian,
tim. 1Ii)!h!iv, Lin; spring club, O. P.
Ilurklinrt, Lion; spriinr. Aimlrsllan dnb,
.sino person; spring Ohlls club, hmiio; Ton
.nl, same; whlto innuiinnih. muh-j whim
.. .l... w L..tA. 1... ..nlu.if urliltfi. ( nn. It.ll
Willi. null IT', .. ..' .m.i .. .....p. - - -.-.
stisw, I.uki; Mir club. (J. II. Illildell, Llnti;
II tun nr:tin. DahoI 01 irk, Mm km: wlilto
winter, O II Klihloll, Linn: Caiimlii whlto,
0. P. Ilniklisrl, Linn, (yield, 19 IiusImIbio
the ncn); wlntnr gnldeii lunbT, 0- P. Hurls
tnirt, Llun; niaiutiiiith, Jos lluiiill'nn.Lliin;
niiH'ly day, I), f). PrMlynian. Polk. Btrlcy
-Ki'oinh.iwo iowihI, J. W. WumiiUIi, Polk;
whliuwlutor. 0. P. UarkrHrt, LlnniHijc
rnwcd,.r. tin B. Dliulck, Marlon, s .wvd My
I tint August 1, U77, yield OJ huhi'la per
at'H'i whllo ryo (nulled aUo in iroiruul, or
grou whiai), rnbtd by C. P. Bnrkhart.
tlK0ltl.I.ANK0L'e,
Onnhamplonf tob.iccorrom Henry M11Ipi
of Mllwnnklr: nniiilc nf nlnotnen rargrrn
f MheittHlilpped Irom tills port by lUwoit
,V Co ; two H.uslts nt ilinHhy need Irom Yhiii
hill tiaunti ; two tins of out inu.il lrin Mo
I.i'ihii Urotiioth' mill, und two cate-McfMiU
iiidu from thn Orog'iu IVoltlng Cnmpiiuy.
hiiiiiplei will tin sent of thn mrunm oftho
vt'tkniN UiVMr Nltn Strixtliern. illHPiuolitd by
Mt-Hsrs. Allen A. Lwls; ample oftho iaro
nl Hour irom tho Imperlnl l-'kiiiilns Mil'.",
"hippnl htiii'iwiu the Djvnnby (U,0(i) iMrrnU
weranhlppett): samples of ll.mr uhlch will
tut Hlit, pid u.ui'o on th't City or Ynik;
kiitnpli'MiMiliur frtiiu thn Standard, Sslsiu,
Maminllannd Oregon City nillU; samples
.if hop from Lino county. Tho pttiprlmiirri
if the viiilnui lUliiug nvtatillshmnuta tlowu
tho Columnla have given ordnrs In thtilr
.ut'iits In Llv.rp.K)l to forward siimphw of
stimuli to Paris n hn platvtl on exhlDltlon,
slung with other Orogou products.
Any peisnti desiring to nee any oftho sam
ples of gnln In sieks or In shealcaii Imvo
thn privilege ordolng so by calling at tho
land tlepirtment cnuneo!od with tho Oregon
ami uaiiioruia uaiiniau uumpnuy.
In addition, tho onllro display or Oregon
fruits duod by tho Plummiar procesi, whloh
sas on exhibition nt the Stato Fair, has hemi
purchased and will bo shipped nlong wltn
tlio fnreKolug articles. Some splendid speci
mens or Oregon woods will also bo added to
thn already largo Ifat. Oregon will Uiabln
to inaknsuch n magnificent display or her
ureal ressurcos as wilt cause tho average
Parisian to open his eyes In astonlahmont.
AT THE RECORDER'S OJTICE.
Ilia Honor had lust filled hh pipe and
braced hlmaeir back in his chair, and was
humming to himseir Iho old familiar camp-
mooting tune, "we-ii wu imii iu"i"i
wbeuoltltMrJ. W. Mlnto opened tho door
and marched In with onaTliomaa Lee, hana
lug grace full on his arm, "Vagrancy Is thn
oha'rtie," aald tho olllcer. "Thomas Iee, you
sro a man or no Iratfe, you are wattiug your
phyalclal strenitth by loatlnii aicund tho
-trttand 'picking up stale Jokfuand crack
iugthein upon other tolks,' but Thomas you
osii't oraok none upon ttilscourl. Yon shall
sitw vood fur six daya lor Ihs oily, and at
tho expiration I will gtvojou your liberty
to It avo tow u." ..
Th next mm Introduced lo His nonor
was George Forrest, aud tho ohari: was iho
sauiHuiii, old story, drunk aud disorderly
Us hadctimn to town tin an errand, but
fnruot whattho errand was aud gut drank
to "oitir that would not revive hla Memory,
ivtien tho Kllli-or lound him hn wm making
oxtentlvo preparations to oonKtruct u man.
rd roof on any man that oamu In his way.
tin was Kent upnir livo un.vn.
il'iinmu. U'.rrml ImflllL. I.nrill III, InO lllcllt
,invnus. he frit rather bad, took not thir
teen drinks too muoli, and he was "drunk
ualii," and not very graceful In hla move
nunt, ho htanl Iho muslo In the Ohemektua
nut ho attempted to execute tho "double
.hiinU,"nndHhnllUdotl the sidewalk Into
ImgMtiT. Five days In tho olty JU U
lut'a iho nvvtrr with him now.
Potato Rottad.
Mr. John Cum, who lives a half mllo
-iniiiKor town, ral-e.1 and dug this last sea.
son four hundred buiUof m'vm whloh
ht, has lost by rot. W hao bosrd of no
o'.lr potatot'S rotting In the. neighborhood,
od an assign no reason for the destruction
ftM. ti ,uirn wu getting wet before
and artor dlgflag.
wiijl;amette farmer.
For the Willamette Farmer.
A GEOLOGICAL SKETCH.
Bench Land-How it wai Formed-Glacial
Action, Ac. y "
DT A. P. DAVIDSOK.
When wo boo the surface of tho earth piled
round in irrogniar masses now a hill, now
a valo, now a doop cut; hero a ferruginous,
rod soli; thero an aluminous, deep, black
soil; yonder a lot of hillocks, .Just like they
had been damped there; anon a pile or ba
salt, and again ono of sallclous, and over
them a mass of conglomerate rocks we may
bo suro that catisos havo been at work, and
that what wo now behold aro effects or thoso
causes, Thoro la no cbanco-work In nature;
all thiDgs operate naturally from canso to of-
fjct. Honco tho Btudonta of naturo can L
classify phenomena of all orders, b:causo all
those orders aro mosentod In
Invarlablo
modos of nxistonces, and thoso existences
aro known by their quantity, numbor, limit, 8ncoI flrtaaw thoHghtpt day Id tbeOld.
likeness, difference, attribute, A?. Ttosc, Dominion. Tho memory of Iho old log
when classlfled-a separation of thotnllke, achooi house with a solid floor-dlrt-a pnn
and alluding of the like with tho like, Ac,- . . . h .. , chipped off to
form onr datum, or data. Wo accept a glvelB. .... lhronrh oled p8per, is as
datum, and go on with It till, by experience
we find It false, 'If, on tho contrary, wo find"
It truo, It becomes permanently an organized
truth, and la classed with Ibis order or that,
as tho case may bo. It is thus that we gain
Information. ,
Wo propose, then, lo give a sketch, geo
logically, of a portion tf land on the WU-
lamotlo river, from one to two miles wide,
and from four to five long. II Is what Is
usually called " bench land.'.' Tbo soil Is a
dark, rich mould, and highly productive.
This strip ol land la owned, commencing in
tho north ond, by Messrs. Elkin, Pettyjohn,
Jones, Bndd, A. V. Divldson, Jory, Flk
SUtibl, and Judson, who lives Just below
Humphrey's Ksplds, on tho Willamette
Messrs. Mosler, Pierce, Thompson, ond Iho
Jeffrey heirs own tho eastorn rim of this Ir
regular, rough, brushy, but rich nud splen
did plcco of land.
Geologically, this land Is Interesting. Kb
rocks, mounds, depressions, laud-slliles,'
strata, lumlnatoJ, distorted, and broken,
with tho fossils In tho oarth'H surface, In the
plli'H or S'ind-rosks, with scattered bouldors
or basalt nnd qtnrlzlto; and in tho river, ni
Itocky Point, tliuro arti vait ma'sos or Igno
tiui toaks, small, broksn, shivered, burnt,
and tumbled ovor. At ilrst. looking at thlt
land, 0110 woulJ mtu rally ouppotu Itdiad
onco beon r.n old nea-bsJ. And, ugnln, on
simply lookingnl it, one- would supposo it
had onco been tho soitor violent commo
lion of somo kind, us that produced from
OHrtliniitkos orfrom volcinlu iiollop.
That It was onco uuolil sea-bud, uuloio ex
amination provut. Then nro kim kliolls In
groiliiumburs; thtiroiitf f:iuit-.s:oiicfl which
werj formed undor waltr, for they nro full
of MholU, niitlrssh'WMtur hUijIU, generally,
but mostly sult-wntor kIioIIi thus pTovliiK
thtlr habitat nnd nrlglu. Anterior enrih
q'tskes may or may not Uvu had any brmi
oy Intumbllugiip tbon itfico. Ihlo, In pirt,
voliaiilo, for tho rooks of Stony l'oln', In the
riviir, u)ion'.luduhUaU2y nn lgno.nu nutlon;
ho, too, In tonio of thn ed, burnt masios ol
hcorln, en j:iioous aoilon'ls pUlnly tlonoted.
AUo the piles of btMiltla recks deuoto nn Ik
iicoiishcilini. 1 resillly admit, In i Miiall
part, an liiueoui notion. Kut I tle:iy thatn
ytiltuiiln Hiitlon was tlio cmims of tho Irregu
lirhurfacii. I deny, nlni), that carllinuskos
havo oitiL'd tho broken or. (umhlod'up t-tir-face.
Iwlll;lve, I think, a dear dolluiiatlon
or tho i'susjh whloh brought iiboul tho con
dllintis, ns wo now -oo them.
Thoro havo b.en several laud-nllrio In this
strip or country. Thero was ono, long uso.
this Hidonf Pettyjohn's houto, whoro ho hax
a tlcltl lately enclosed. Tiicro was ono, long
ui;o, alsi, at whit wo mil tho ".Tump-oiV,"
north of Mr. Thompson's farm: nlso one, nil
Immonso one, u mllo or moro long, west of
Mr. Coflln's. Thero was 0110 ulso at tho south
ern extremity of this range of tumbled-up
region, east of Mr. Judson's, below his lull
Held. Now, whot caused these? Earth
quakes? No. Volcanic action?" No. What
thou? I will give tho causes.
Tho led hills east were brought or depos
ited mostly during tbo glacial agos the
great lco-agea Irom Iho Cascades. They
are much higher tbo red bllia than those
of whloh lam writing. These low, black,
and tumbled-up hills were mostly brought
hero from tho Coast obaln, In the same loe
agea that dopoalted the red hills. When
both tho Cascades and the Coast ohaln were
In glacial aotlou, each rang pushed off vast
Ico-streams, laden with debris, and pourod
out into tbo valley. Here, moro than any
where In the valley, may bo seen where the
iwouopoena meet, ino laacaue tiepostis nrt
red and basaltic; those or the Coast chain
aro dark, of eonglomerate, or asud stone,
mainly. Henco wo can bee a clear Una nt
ilumarkatlon whero they have met and
(fitMxvf their Icy carta of their loads.
Now, then, tho causta of tho Irregularity
of tho surface, In tbo strip I am deoroinK,
aro. that, during tho Ice age, the whole conn
try was a field, deeply frozon; that the
mountains, being higher, the ulaclers crepi
clown slowly, but with Irresistible force, to
tho valley, and, dumping oil' their loads of
rocks, earths lorn from the mouuttin sides,
hero aud there; a pile here; over thero a
high mas of Ice, around which tho glacier,
oarolesaly unload their trucks; and when, In
long years afierwurd, this mass ol k-o molt,
away, thero is n hole. This become a pond
or small lake. The laud-sildeM nro piles nl
earth under whloh ws rnco Ice; when, in
after agos for It would lake ago to molt lot
hundreds or frit below tin surface the Ice
melted, umldnwti slid the superiuoumbom
msHi., Here wore causa at woiJt, nud their
rfsulis aro Just what wo havo hinted at. All
over tho wurld oaiibtts aro woiklng; all ovei
the world effects aro folio win ir. To know
thebo eludes, to analyst! them, to fallow them
through their effrcis, Is the business nl
man's Intellect. Or, synthetically, trace ef
fecta back to their causes. Both processes
aw necessary. Through lhee prcsvssea we
simplify and syatemlas knowledge. This U
scleuce. Hunce, geology, meteorology, u
trouomj, bydtoaUtlca. &'., are only ays
lenilaod knowledge. Henoathslr value.
To cauallluMW of tbU tall, agriculturally.
am Interesting. There are, In this bench
daflolent In any one elemeut. They are all
flmt-mta soils, asi 1. a sandy .sol 2. a clay
soil; 3.ji loamy aoil; 4. a marl .01150. i
oaroous soil: 6. a peaty soil. In the sanio
Held, orten all these soils are found.
to! .i in ahundsnee. sallca, alumina,
lime,
no, magnesia, oxide of Iron. j oxide of
man-
ganooe
potash,
nlilnrlnn
aRcTd oOT?fcaa 'anu carbon. oeold. I
ItKlves the best of vegetables. It If .""P."';
or-tho rldRos-for all kinds of sernl-trop pal
rrults. in Short, vory desirable, if the grubs
aud limber wore out of tho way. Unnn
popnlatlon Increai-es, tbe?o r oh and dark
colored bencbos of land wit spark 0 with
Kardens, orchards, vineyards, and wide
Holds or golden grain. Oeolg ically. It Is in
teresting to Iho student; agriculturally, it Is
Interesting to 1110 larmor.
THREE SCORE AND TWELVE.
Thouchts of nn Old Man.
Throe scoro and twolve years nave piwru
fresh in my mind as things or last year
And then our toaoher-Blliy aou irosa
Irom Hoagland's; and three dozen back
woods urchins, hearty, merry romping girls
and boys, all obedient to the nod and rod
theso seem to me as things that wore (1811)
blooming In youth. Tho hills, tho creeks,
the springs and tho roeks are there Just as
when wo clambered oyer or along them to
school.
The next sehool-1814 was In a log school
hotiso, not far from the first ono, but much
Improved In architecture, a punohoon floor
andaslgn for a chlmnoy or place up which
tho smoke could aocend. In this houte
James M. Condon taught a ton months
school. Moit of the echolars or tho former
schcol and somo new onos uttonded this
school. Not n nowHpaper was takon nearer
than twonty mllos of onr sottlomont, which
was 01 Hod Lfok creek, in Greenbrier couniyi
Virginia. In 1829 James Alderson taught a
six months school on tho South fork or Idck
creek, In u hown log house, plank lloor.good
chimney, dcorH and windows. A lirfto pro
portion cf the scholars or tbo two flrt
chools woro now men aud women soma
married, and othors wishing to bo ho. New
.oliolars filled their plncos,nnd several news
(mpMH wero (Hkeu by tho now Intelligent
settler.
A lyceum nnd singing tchool woro c atab
lldiod nnd u gcuorul show of Improvement
whs mnnlftsit. From 1612 to J8C0 two pio
neer prcnobors visited us and preached
ir,cod old Christian doctrine. Sovou or
olght mllei Wost of us therj was ytt
a largo NOllloment of peoplo whs had
no prtmohlng. In 1320 1 lofi thoficcnm of my
childhood und youth nnd moved (o another
StHln. Here with four dollui8 In cash, n vor
llttlo leimlng nnd n fow olthe, luwinjc.t
strangers, I struggled for a Biippoit nud for
an education. Iliad promised my noble,
my good Gorman mother that I would never
itamble, or uso tobacco or nrdont uplrttr; ant
I never have. Through tolls nnd privations
I huvt) pnMcd through lift).
I tiiivu nf on much of men ml things.
Nearly all myhchoolmatosnroln thtdrgraves.
Sivrul iimw nonemtlonw Imvo comntip und
msny or them have pasud nway. T liatH
soon tho lilcomlng in.tldeu,tho robust young
mm tho merry children or tender yuara,
cutilokvn bytloatli und consigned to tho
tomb. Why ami spired bo long? HaoI
beau u benefactcr to my fellovrs, or havo I
lilted up mytlmoiirighi? Whether or not J
ton muiit pvss to tho tinseor. world to J-iln tho
millions who llkn mo havo tolled nnd strug
gled, hoped und fearod; acquired woalth aud
lest it. nothing hero Is porminent, nothlim
corlalu but death. Hluhos tuko to thom
8eli's wings and Ily away; friends die or
provo fslthlesc; houors nro as baubles, fleet
hit', llckle, breath. In Hoavenaro entlurlng
riches; h houso not matin with hands, titer
ualundsurp. lean truly my that If man's
existence Is bounded only by the small spin
orten, twonty, rorty or seventy years, then
his creation is an abortion.
It Is better that we lound our hopes upon
tho Word or God, than on tljo reasoning of
modern free thinkers, I navo read hundreds
of thousands of pages of human learning and
wisdom, but nowhere can solid tomfort bo
obtained but in tho Christian's hope. It I
dlo tomorrow let me but have the Christian's
hope, tbo Christian's faith.
DAVin-NawsowB.
Directors Meatiag.
At a meeting hold yesterday, of the Direc
tors or the Salem Warehouse Company, It
wssresolvod to call a meeting or the stock
holders or said Company, on the 3d of Jan
uary next, for the purpose or considering the
propriety or building another grain ware
house for the purpose of storing oats aud
other farm products. Tho patronago that!
hasprovoathelrstorlngt-apaoltyiobeinsuni
caul for oats nnd other prod tret s shipped
through this Company, and Is evidence ol
tho Increased production and hrlft of our
farmers.
At the Clerk's Oftlca.
Through the pollttnes of our emolont
Ctinnty Clerk, Mr, Oeo. A. EJes wo learn
that the following Is the amount of business
transacted In that olllce for tbo month of
November: Marriage licenses granted, SO;
iiinriBairot lllml .', Hud lha unmbjr of deed
recorded being Si.
Christmas and New Year's.
John O, Wright, at hU old stand, Commer
clal Street, Ha'lem, baa recelyed a great assort
ment of Toys, Candles, and Holiday Gifts,
and la fully prepared for the Holiday Trade
01 1S77. uovUOwl.
Ah Sin, the Chinaman that wis arretted at I
otieu, mr loauuujr, KButiriumo ago, nas been
discharged from cutcdy, tho prohecutlae
wltueas tailed lo appaar. Pluming
Theyonngman that lugged off our urn
brella will please ssnd us bis address! "not
PoParv for publication, but as a eaaxaate
of good fabiu
TCnhnrlv ran toll liow many disputes
for tho front sldo of tho bod havo boon
Bottled by moving tho bed Into tho con
tor of U10 roorru . .
It Is astonishing how bood n man no
knowledges his mistake when ho puts
tho lighted end of a cigar In his mouth.
Peruvian Syrup.
Brooks, Mo., Sept. 7, 1870.
Dear Sir From early youth I was In feeble
health, troublod with humor In my blood,
weakness and dobility of tho system genes
ally; was uuablo to labor much, nnd only nt
somo light business, ond thnu only with
groat caution. Sevou years ego, tho post
spring, I had a severe attack of Diphtheria
which left my limbs parallzed and usoloss,
so I was unable to walk or oven sit up,
Noticing tho advertisement of FcnuviAir
Snon, I conoludod to glvo its trial, and to
my great Joy soon found my health Improv
ing, I contlnuod Iho uso of tho Syuci until
throo bottles bad boon used, ana was restor
ed to completo bo"ltb, and havo remained
so lo this day. J, attrlbuto my present
health ocllrelv to tbo uso of fencviAK.
rSvnrjr, and hold it In high estimation. I
cannot speait too nigniy in us praise. L
hayo in soveral cases rocommenaed It la
cases very similar to my qwn with the Bamo
good results.
Yours trnly, CiiAni.vs K. Pbarct.
From 8. Thatcher, II. D., of Hennon, it. Y.
"WiHTAn's Balsam of Wild Chebrt
gives universal satisfaction. It setma to core
a cough by loosening and oleanelng tbs
Inngs, and allaying Irritation, thus remov
ing tho causo, lueUud of drying up tho congh
and leaving tho ciuse behind. I consider
tho Balsam the best cough medlolne with
which I am acquainted." Sold by all drag
gists. ESTAIlXilHIlKD 1855.
Willamette Nursery,
G. W. WALLING & SON,
ntoritiKToiu,
Oswego, Olaokamas 00., Oregoav
WALLING'S
&
tPEACM PLUM,
OlJlio Itullun 11-11 no,
An J tlio bust nrt."lkn of
tl::ui,
Pniuc,
l'cacti,
Cltcrxy,
PJut &nd Shade Trees,
IN PlfLr. AHSOUTMr.r.T. .
Ssatl for Doscriptivo Oatalogna.
Salem Flouriiifj Mils.
BEST FAMILY VLOVll,
BAUSn'H ESTItA, XXX.
SUI'ERyiNS AND (inAnAJf,
MIDUUNGU, 15HAN, AND SHORTS,
OoxiNtiintlj- on Iltnid.
IIIiTliOKt 3?iIoo I CASH
Paid for Wheat
it.
0. KINNBY,
Ascnt 8. F. M. 00
BeptlStf
n"TENTION
heep Growers ii
A BURS OTJRK FOR
Scab,
8crow Worm.
Foot Hot,
AND ALL
Forasitos that infest Sheep.
IT 13 SAFER. BETTER AUD VABTtY CHHAF
TIIAN ANVOTHKR EFFECTUAL REMEDT FOR
TUB TREATMENT OF SHEEP. IT
Improves the Health
OP TUB ANIMAL, AND THE
QUALITY OP THE WOOL.
V$r Or.o pallon la enough for oca huodrwt to two
Inuircd .-beep, according totbelr ajo, trensth,and
It la put up In FIVE-OAU.0N CAKS-Pilco, $19
)t ctn.
SeuJ for elrrular, to
T. A. DAVIS '&, Co..
IORTI,AND. OREGON,
Wholesale Auoiitn for tho KUte,
Or to voar neare t It.itall Tirnsctn. mt
XiUCXUa BSLL,
BceccMor to J. M. Kama A Oo,
95 Llberly ., . . NKW YORK,
CoinmlHston Aflent
PJ nSXlJ9. A'D PORWARDINO FHOM
C New York via Intbrona, FacUo BaUroad, mt
r 'tZjrr' zr " meruuiae aaa ror lae 1
i riuumnai ua rHWt CASM, MX tM
JJL?Ji swjt- 'si? -J-.SZTKZTLZi
m$
rMOLl CSH E EP D I a
wu.,, .
v, f u tiMi.