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W1IJLAMETTE FARMER,
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CLARKE to ORA.IG,
runLtfliEiis and rnorniETong.
N. A. CliAUKli. . W. CIIAIU.
Term of Nubucrlptlon.
Ono copy, one year (32 numbers). $2.i0
Ono copy, rlz months (80 number) I.'iS
Ono copy, throo month (IRnnmhpra) TA
BALKM, FRIDAY, Jl'NK 1, 1877.
0HEG0N AND CALIFORNIA.
During tho pnt twtnty-flvo years Oregon
has had to strugglo for growth and prosperi
ty against tho wonlth and prostigo of Callfor
nla. Tim fahulouH wealth of hor mines and
tho noml'troplcal naturo of hor cllmato, com
bined to mako California tho groatost nttrao
tlon In tho world, and whon ngrloulturo was
Nuccossfully cotnmencod tho fortuity of tho
soil was nlso established, All theso things
workod to tho dlsadvantago of Oregon, and
tho pooplo of California niado tho most of
thulr ndvnntagoH to our discredit and Injury,
Hut tlmo has established tho miporlor (Hull
tlos of our N'orthorn soil and cllmato. AgrI
oitlturo I no now becouin tho real basts of
wealth In Clalfornlu mill that Slato has (o
hear comparison with ours, greatly U Its dis
advantage. Tho frtrjuout drouths and con
sequent folium of crops causos illsasterand
ruin of thous.tndsol famillos, and whllo far
n third of h century Oregon lint known un
failing production, ottrnolghborto tho Houtli
has ropoatedly mot with thesu ruinous lull
uroM, tho most disastrous of which occurs
tho present yrar, when tho growth ot tho ag
ricultural Interests has inudo that means of
production and Ineoino paramount to all
others. This year wo shall ship from tho
Columbia river more grain than will bo
shipped from California, Wo shall produce.
If prosent prospoctH oro nnywhoro noarro
iillr.od a surplus moro than double thst of
lut year, Whllo tho farmers of California
havo wnttod itnavalllngly for rain during tho
ontlro Reason, those of Oregon havo had all
things most fuvornhlo, so much so that from
tho first of October until tho prosont tlmo tho
conditions havo boon oxuotly what our far-
mors could havo doshed had they boon able
to diroct them In ad vauco. Tho least sucross-
fill crop ovor known In Oregon was that of
187(1, when the too abundant rains of Winter
Injured tho Fall-sown whoat. Ho It would
appear that whllo Callfornlasullers from fro
(juoiit Hiimmor drouths wo hayo uovor lost
ylold of enrol I h except from n plethora of
rains. All theso fads redound to tho crodlt
of Oregon us nu agrlcullural region, and If
our iilimato Is not tho natural homo of tho
fig, grape, pomegranate, orange and palm, It
Is still so mild uud salubrious as to com pur o
favorably with all regions Ivistof tho Hooky
Mountains and dnos not loso by comparison
with that of California,
Wo may consider it now certain that tho
days ot our Impatient waiting nro oyer; Or
egon Is no longer In leading strings) wo
havo direct trade and our wool, wheat and
llax are known In tho world's best markets
h Oregon products, Among tho Immigrants
who aro coming Into our borders wo find
thousands from California, glad to resign tho
Huml-trnplcal for tho tomper.iln r.oue, willing
to accept our fruits asrual In valuo to the
exotic growths of California, surprised to
pans from tho blighted fields of tho South to
tho exuberant growth of Uiono of Oregon,
delighted to como beneath tho clouds whoso
showers through all of May uud Juno glad
den tho Holds and pmturos as well as tho
hearts of tho husbandmen. Tho contrast la
all In our favor and It will not bo oasy for
California to regain tho prestlgo after the ru
in that attends so much of her agriculture
tho printout reason .
Oregon has no Interest to Ik) aubsotved by
tho misfortunes of California, and wo only
ft ol sympathy fjr tho farmers who loso so
much there tho proiont year. Wo only de
sire that our own advantages may be under
stood, to dmw hither a valuable population
to till tho wide spread lauds ot tho l'aclllo
Northwest. Tho barrier H broken down,
and tho thousands are Huilng. Among the
late Immigrants, mo havo seen wagon trains
from California men who haw abandoned
hundreds of acres of blighted client as
worthless, hh well as sutl'drers from tho grass
hopper plague that devastates some of the
Western States, They aro comliu Irom all
directions, and anuui of them bring n large
amount of capital to lnot hero. Koine buy
farms In the eholceid regions of the Wlllatu
otto; others seek wild lauds In tho root hilly;
many go up the Columbia ioexploiothov.il.
leys mid hills of Kistorn Oregon and Wash
ington; till tho available country along the
Columbia and adlolnliig I'ugot Sound I be
ing tilled up slowly but Mirely, and jet
there U room Tor many thousands more.
Tho Slate census of 1873 showed that we hud
In Oregon about 115,000 populullon, and
there has been since that time net less than
1,1,000 ImiulKiatlon and 10,000 natural In
oroM, which would give hut January a to
tal of 1 10,000 pernio lu Oregon, It Is thought
thuaritvals at the Columbia river, Tuget
Sound, Coos Hay, and those by land from
thesurnuiiullug states uud territories will
bo 3,600 tho procut month, mid tho arrivals
In tho four previous mouths were not less
than 1,000, which would give us not fr from
150,000, and It Isfafa to expect a strong im
mUrutloii through tho summer uud fall, to
inakoWjOOO during the your. Wo may ex
pect to hao 100,000 population In Oregon
January 1, lSTt,nud when the nevtOovem
ineutceiuua in 1'tW Oickoii will not have
lea IImii two Hundred thiiunuut Inhab
itants. At the present r.ttlo of rep
resentation In CongiON C0O.C0O, Inhabit
ants will ftntlild us lotworepretentatlx',
tint It la i rntiAlilii limLtlin ritln will lm tlxtsl
flta Urssr uuiutiir, In which cuk we shall I
r.aw3r rli I I i. bra
3ffiJ2&ffi$
W Rtt'ZZliWnZ.T7PjlriiTVrlJHtwMJl
'5J.'i"
haveio ko tlirouu another docaclo wllu one
reproaontatlve.
Increaso of production ond wealth, mauu
facturoi and population, all tend to Increaso
onterprlso end push forward devolpemont.
Tho rosourcos of Oregon and Washington are
only guestod at. Lven tho oxtpnt of good
farming country Ih not half understood, and
tho untold rlohos that exist In our forests,
coal beds, Iron mines, and also mines of geld
and silver, spoakof n future that cannot bo
postponod longor and will In tho end build
up n great Statu of which tho nation will bo
proud. Our present prosperity will attract
capital this waynnd soon bring railroad con
nection to haston dovelopomont.
Powers of School Directors.
A correspondent wlshos to know If school
directors havo a right to uso school money
for repairs on any coliool houso,nnd for fenc
ing tho promises. We know that school di
rectors in Salem uso monoy that way, and wo
havo no doubt It Is proper to make all neod
ed repairs nnd Improvements- for tho actual
wauls of tho district. A louco rati bo built
choaply, and as hogs nnd cattlo don't ncod
much book education, It In wMl enough to
keep thorn from mixing too olosoly with tho
scholars,
Inquiries.
K. I'Aiiunit: You will confer a groat fa
vor by Inserting In your valuable papor this
letter. A party of farmers, myself ameng
them, havo niado up their minds to reinovo
to your Stato, with loams and wagons, from
northern Wisconsin, and settle lu tho Wil
lamette vnlLy. It uppoarod from tho road
lug of your papor that a groat many make
this route overland. We wish some ono or
moro would give us u detailed description of
the road, say from Omaha to Oregon; also,
tholrc.xporlonco and troubles; what Is most
needed; In what condition tho roads aro; tho
most direct lino to bo followed; If there Is
any practicable road along tho l'aclllo Hall
road; their oxperloneo In crossing creeks and
rivers; If any molestations from Indians,
etc.; thnlr oxporleucn In mountain romU:
how iniieli freight a wagon with two hores
mar load: ole, Such n letter would bo of the
greatest Intorest, now that monoy IsBoscarco
and tho sale of farms Is next to impossible;
to transport a largo family from Wisconsin
to San Francisco by rail and stoatnor, Is qulto
an Item; to have five hundred or a thous
and dollars or an empty poekot on his arri
val. Is unite another. I think such a detail
ed answer is worth preserving, to send to
frlonds. especially now that tho grasshoppers
are Hiram so fearlully at work.
Yours, truly, Josnrit Duma.mu
Wiqulook, Drown Co., Wisconsin,
An Ancteut Wat oh.
Captain W. W. Martin has had sent him
from San Francisco n curiosity lu tho shapo
of a watch, supposed to bo as "old as the
hills," Tho meohaulsm of this ancient
niece Is marvelous. Particularly Is tho
"main spring" of the concern as wonderful
to behold as the Idea Isold. Step In nnd ask
tho Captain to show you this beautiful toy
when you urn passing.
Dissolution at SrAvroN.-The firm known
as McCituley V Oardner, at Stay ton, has dis
solved partnership, and tho buttiics will to
continued by Mr. A. D, Gardner at tho old
stand. Thanking tho eltleus for their pat
ronage In tho past, ho coidlally Invites Its
continuance for the future.
Dr. McCauloy will continue his practice as
a physician.
Htayton, June 1, 1877.
A. L. STINSON,
Book and Job Printer,
uViul Uulcllntlui
Holman's Dlock, Old Sonato Cham
ber, Snlnm.
nAVINd AtlDKI) AN KXTKNHIVK ASSOHT
uii'iit of New TyjH-ii, Cnt, tlt., to my nlrindy
rxtrulu lltsik nuil Jnti OIUci', I sia now pnimrril lu
l nny anil all kliut of
Book, Plain, and Ornamontal
Printing,
On Miort IVullco. nnd nt llcason-
tiltlu 1'rlccH,
Slock Cerlilicaies u Specialty.
Ilatltu: tlio Uruvt aoortmrnt of Mining CortlrtcU
llurnaiiuriitntlstil lo that klml of work of any
(liliru In Ori'coii. 1 am iri'irvil to etHSIu onlar In
thu VKllV llEhT l)lo, In any mimbir of uiliir tto
lri'il, uud on rort iiultro,
Joltf AJln A. 1.. hTINHON, Balom, Or.
The Old Immigrant Route
,cro tlio ('naenilo luiiutuliiN,
sou on.NCli ll Tllti
Oascido Xloadnrd Bridge Company,
Itiiimlntf li Hmlj, Ml, IIoh1,uiuI lUrlov' Uatr,
3S NOW U,1, aiultinwl of nil UmU ha lie
. ttnii. 't'licroail t lu Konl reuir, exu'iulw Im
iiroMMiu'iiltaro ti'lnu inailo ter i'r. Tlio I..U
lth'l. Illl.t.S aroolturulid Muiii-lnU!i:i-arvoii ill
llartitam. Thl rortil m mt rntloil n uoLiAuruli
lil,iiuil )illt It llio liorle, Itext, nuil elioiip
eat roulii mur tin iiiouiiHilii. lllrlmuu out tlio
mount'ilii, I I iul'. Kri'in Portland, uit tlio
mouiiuiii. 7h mlU l'roia r-nloni, Kit) mill.
ItVI'i:- W'atioiM, $.; aililki'.SlV; I'aik., W i Cat
lie, lOc, Miihi, !V
l-'oi all pilu; anil ronilm; from or I lit n MuLui, Yam
lilll, Wa.tiliiKtoii. I.liiu, llt'iiuai. ami I'ulk roiiLtlvr,
tlil la lit for tlio K. m.tti.l. ami cluumjt (onto,
N II. COALMAN, I'ro-liUnl.
IUrvkv K. fuo, (t lolml
HEAVY
tO lllt'llCN W1U,
FOR DRAPERS
roil
Headers and Threshers,
AT
iitt:v."i.i uuos..
Juno t ml
HA1 KM.
()(,)(0 LBS.
r &&$&)
"WV3a.GocaL !
Highest Market Price Paid
BKHVRIAN
Juno 1 -tit
"mU A
JSBi
KJ
HALEM.
If nWwMll
b - - - - - - ... j m-m -mwlt
WaTL T XJJ3JE3 THE
"W,ix1;o 3L.
Ii.
& E. II I K S CM
The IIIOIIEST markot price paid for any ntnount
f Wool, .liino Ij-Vhi
Leo 17711113,
BEOS I.I5AVK TO OAI.I.THK ATTENTION OP
tho pnlillc lu III uow rtiK'k of
Pianos and Organs,
In nloro nnd to arrive, which nro ofi'orcd at
Greatly - I3Um1ium1 l?rls,
i
either for rnrk or en lutullmcnu.
ma itisk or
Books arid Stationery
U rJo COMPI.im:, and will bo tu'.d at price toiulr
tLo ttiiu1.
Will fnrnlli, nt fhort notice, nny Dook publlehod
In tho Unllid Mate, at patillnlier' rnlvf.
Order ollclti'(l, nnd an examination ol liU dock
rotpvctfully Incited.
LEO WILLIS,
Stato Street, Glftlom.
apI1m3
iooa. 1077.
Tho Only Strlrtly Uholcs.ilo DniK House
In Oregon.
T. A, DAVIS & CO.,
71 Vroat Ntraeti
1'OKTLAND, OUKOON,
OVKKlt TO TIIK UKUtl ANJ OKNEHAf, MKU
ctandlfutraduaroaiplctou'i'ortinfnt of
Drugs,
Patent Medicines,
Fine Chemicals,
Glassware,
Shop Furniture, i
Druggists' Sundries.
ALSO,
WINDOW GLASS,
Of all lu: ami U.illlliY.
WHITE LEAD,
Of til tlio U'.vlln,- bnuOf, In tln nnd Uiv.
COLORS, IN CANS and DRY.
Putty, Lnmpblaclc,
Rod Lend, Gluo.
VARNISHES,
Including the fluvt hrantta for Coach lViln.m' uo.
IMInt, Wliltewitsli, ii ml Varnish Kriislics,
L,lMii;i OIL, In barroU aud Mil.
TttriH'nlliio, (Mai oils, f:itor Oil. Lard Oil,
Neat Vluot 011. Klsh Oil.
AlCOllOl,
lu barrelt ar.d cae.,
IIIuv Vltilul, Sulphur, Castile
Soap, Convent t-nferi Iyc,
1'UtUNll.
Quioksilvev and Stryclmiuo.
lu tjurl, llslftJalloa, Oiu-.alloii, and l"o UaV.n
Can anl IlarnU, He . tte,
Viai AsviiU ror Oregon mill Wathlugtou Tvirl
tory for
THE AVER1LL PA1WT,
TIIK KSr MIXED PAINT IN I K fr
tUlllirVr'UtN fartii Ic hbp tits WVrlr m-rp
U.UU and ni tvl f-lvio. ni .led
Jajne fivplilirj- MtUldccv
JtT" V buy vur ixl trm rl hW, hn wi
WttMWtSmpltewHUauyrki lti Comu
a, j couiliv.r wr rtc H ihb c, mju
Mm
a V nillafAHHVTHlBrSm1
IN THE
not 33eoiTTca. !
See that our Trade Mark is on eachiPaekageH
I l l' ' ' tr" I la
I t $?"- V'a'V l-irRl4;J'J er, .- IN
o 'wSiT-' "II
Cjnt Co.
a
o
o
PURE WHITE, FOR INSIDE AND OUTSIDE WORK;
Jot $laoIc j and
JSLlZZZQCl H.a,ca.3T f03T TTHfi.
AND EASILY APPIiIED,
For Sale by lliu A Kent n:
JOHN HUGHES, Salem,
AND
Wholesale rii;RlNlN, and Dealers In PalutN, ohm, nml csiastN.
NO. ,1 rilONr STltKET. .....
-
PACIFIC THRESHING MACHING COISP'Y
MANUPACTOItEI.8 OP "
. -csia i H!-?-'
JlSgSg&tt''- s-set-TON rgfK .
--a3fiRBSrveV'-? r-ATf rroff. CHi.i7a sft slt'Zgy
PBLTON'S S1X-FOUD HOR.SE-POWERS
And Countcrbalanco Soparatora.
INCORI'OItATED AT HLKM, OUKOON. OCTOHKK 7, Is'ia. (J. I'EUTON. I'RRSIDENT; J. REV
kiiuk. Vice l'rldent; V H. Cam'tiNTm, Stirouty. tfauporloi- to xxnr
XXorsoFowpr or , aopna-Ator, now 1m. xioo. Manniac-
lu.vunl A1.A.M, Olt&tiO.S, ol Orrjon ttioiaiiu wootleuliauiia t. Itlh I 0 tu Ublo A LIKK.11ML'
TIIK hEl'AKATOU hAVKs TUK U1UI.. Kor furtntr imw.uUr, siMrv ttieomctr uDudabou-. r
KUU lUr t.l(llbI(P
Established 1810.
DIt. -V. Q., SIMMOISB'
Original Liver Medicine.
FOlt ALL uisuvsns OF THE LIVEN, r-OCU-
SiO OVT1IU STOMACH, LObSOF A1TK-
T1TE, MCK IIE.UACUE, ETC. ETC.
l'lllt'i:, One Uollur,
r. A. UAVIS, ,V t'O.
VhoUalc !)riWi,;i Vrvnt M. I'oitU-.tS,
ta'!-!! Airott for Oregon.
Ult. K. Y. U11AMA
BKBVKT Lt.t)l., tetoSttrsvoan.U. VoluBt n.
Uiaco, Ucrbla'i ttloO nu tulra. iTt
WORLD!
o
H
ft
w
Bi.
o
at.t. COLORS.
. PQTJrT.AArr -
. j.-.
?st ' S
1
bALksi, .Marcnsa ly
Dr. H. SMITH,
X S3 3XT "2? X j? m
SAUjjr, our.Gox.
Office raoctotrBREYMAN 11!0.' r.V T01tS
Ottlce hour from U a. m. to 3 1. m.
S. H. CLAUGHTOIv-,
IN ant
Uod
CON
fot Ofllce, UlOl34t3iOXi, Ox.
.l VI :;mc, Itc.1 IMnto .Ikmji.
1 Itoilvvtiir ol t'luliiik. w1i1,,m,.m,1.,!
la ali. bn-ivrf nnilwl lo bit cam. MaKlNO
laiAvn JV PI'AII A .1 V ,lfUA.. ..
tliu
it