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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (May 2, 1874)
WILLAMETTE FARMER. 3 The WOOlen Mills Of the Pacific Coast anri uihal thou HIH In 1B73 The Capital Invested Quantity of Wool Used- Value ol Buildings and Machinery Number ol Hands Employed Amount Spent In Wages Value o. Products, Etc. There is a great future in Btoro (or California , as a manufacturing country as great as for I ppent lu labor was $30,000, which gave eiu any country In tho world. Wo might say, not i ployuicnt to 330 hnuds, including 100 white only for California, bat for nil the Pacific coast; I"- 23, woucn, '-5 bos, nd 200 Fhine?';- u ' . . . . ' ' TllO WOO! nspd wn lirllinlniillv-PilllfYirtilnn. ttltli .M.lflJ,nor-no,n,rnnnl,anflm tn.ln.. uu . ", , . 1 , a . n ' " D"""1 0I t0"011 uiixeii. iuo goons i,t,io that God made all men that dwell on tho try, will consist in tho manufacture of woolen , made by this mill are all first class; and they mrthof one blood, do." Now I confess that I goods, and of goods compounded of wool, cot-1 bave loug hid n'good trade with New York, it imVo tailed to loam anything of tho kind from inn silk and other textile materials There ! b,iu n.eilr three ycBri",,ne0 ,UP-V 8eIlt 'be tlrst the bible, or from ntiy other source, notulth ton. silk ana other textile mater als. 1 wro , ,g ,h 1Iouefr MilIrt ig n im,lls. u ,Lp tMemni ln ,bo ,.A',.U ,,,, are at least two hundred millions of ncrcs that : ttM establishment tR.it would do crtdlt to any Apostles," 17:20. If "Erigena" will look a are pecnllarily suited to the raising of sheep city in tho United States. little further, ho will find a similar statement and tho growth of wool, found in the foot-hills . . waa.n urn by St. 1'anl lu 1st Cor. 15:39, which renders It of tho Sierras, and in the coast valleys of tho t ,nB aan JOSe "00,cn ml" Impossible that the text can be taken literally, coast range, extending for hundreds of miles Is owned by a corporation orgaulnd in ISliO, I "All flch is not the samo flesh, but there Isotie from southeast to northwest, parallel to the through tho labors of Judge 11. S. Ptckhuin. . kind of llesh of man, another, llesh of bensts. great ocean nnd to the liver courses. There is The mill was built and put lu working order (another, flesh of flshos, mid another of birds." as much country fnvorablo for wool growing under his supervision, nnd he Is yet President Now, dors "Erlgenn" bcliovo thnt this proves on the Pacitlo slope, as in all the rest of the and managing agent of the company. Tho . that nil beasts, all birds, nnd nil fishes, came United States, ami the day will come, and that i other oftlcers are James T. Lewis, secretary; from a single pair? Does any sane person bo In the near future, when every one of theso i A. MoLeonard, mill superintendent; and John lievo that the vlephantand the rabbit, the mas hills and valleys will bo white with millions 11. Mason, who acts as agent lu this city. todon nnd tho mouse, tho rhinoceros and the of sheep. Their wool will not be always ex- Tho company was organized with a capital of car, came from n singlo pair? ported; It will bo manufactured at home $100,000 all pnld up, but the business enlirging, And, further, Is there anything dissMed ns amongst us. Wo hnvo abundance of water . it bus since been lucre cd by subscription to ' humau, from two years old, and upwards, that power, in the thousands of streams that de-1 a nominal capital of $100,000; of which, $200,- ran believe that the whale aud tho minnow, the fcend from the mighty Sierras, the Cascades, 000 is paid up. The company has now Including devil fish aud the trout, came from n single and the other giant mountains of tho Coast, I money investtd in stocks, etc., about $2(!0,00n. pair? or that climate had anything to do with and where water power is not available we ' The mill, land and machiucry cost 93,000; I chauging n peacock Into n turkey buzzard, or a have localities adjacent to some of tho most and is said by nil competent judges to bo one condor Into a humming bird? Tho Idea Is productive coal mines iu tho world, where as of tho best mills in America. The main build- allocking to our senses; aud why believe tli.it busy tcencs of industry will bo witnessed ns ing Is 52x110 feet and three storeys high, with tho different races of man the black, tho cop are how lu the streets of tho great mnunfactur-' engine-room attached. They have also a seim- per-colored. and tho white had tho same lug cities of both New nnd Old England. In ' rate building for picking machinery, another origins. The authority is tho sau.o. and tho fact, wo hazard nothing lu predicting that the for their finishing machinery, betide n store-' absurdity tho same. A celebrated naturalist woolen industry will of itself nlono, task the ' house, Ivehouso nnd several other out buildings, has said, that If tho difference: between the labors ol unuilretls ol thousands oi worxmcu. Hut we have many things to learn; our farmers I have to learn how to produce a flue quality of wool, and how to improvo their flocks, and our manufacturers how to produco as fine cloths as are turned out by the looms o( Franco. It docs not detract in the least from their enterprise, and from tho real morlts of tho work they have done, to say this; for, couriering everything, I 1 they nave made gigantic progress, ana Bro just i approaching ft high state of excellence in the .1 quality of tho goods umnufactiind, equalling, ( .....i i .M....- -ndaa AV.-..11 1 itr. anttin ..f ili iltiAi ' they have inncie gignnuo progress, ami Bro imi rimn tint ranre thiin half a million nounds was productions of tho liistcru looms. It is , goods about tCO.OUO yearly. Their pay roll nt besides Adam'a family. Theynlle Icssthiiua scoro of years since wool .crowing the mill is about 5.l, 200 per mouth, Of their ter-1, verso 11 of Genesis more ilrnt nannmeil any dimensions in California. I employees 25 aro white, mid 71 Chinese, that tho earth wit already widely produced; but over sluco tho iiuautity has been i goods in San Frnncisco. Their blauketn nre driven out from his family aud made n vnga steadily increasing, lant year amouutlng to over uuexcelled; mnny of tlulr cnsslmeroH aro bond in tho earth, Cain deprecated the sentence thirty million pounds; the Oregon clip amount-, claimed to Le iiiiinl to those of European tin-1 aud plead that "everyono that flndeth mo shall ing to ft few million more. Of this thero was i portatlons. alay me." It was plaluly not his father or nbout ten per cent, used on tho Const Tho l The Marysville Woolen Mill mother that ho feared, for ho desired not to be Oregon wool is generally accouineu mo uuosi, although (Omo claim tho tlrst placo for north- cm Ciillfornian but Southern California in ' ant manufacturing center. Its exhibit for the not so good. Austmllau, which isu'ed to souio)yPar 1873 wnB as follows: There were used extent in our mills, is ncconnted by many of , 330,000 lbs. of wool, worth $57,000, which were the millmcil hotter thall cither, Ol all tho ninnnfuctiireil Into euKlm,.r..u llnmt..lu uti.l mills of tho Coast, The Mission and Pacific Mill .. ....-- .. ,- i dorwasDouald McLennan, Esq., the i present manager, who carried it on successfully In tho face of obstacles that would havo appalled any ' ordinary man. The mill is now n twenty-set , one, wltli woven luousanti sninuies .t .. i. nnd 87, iiual to i broad looms. These twenty sets nro ei thirty-hix sets, from tho maruer in which tho j mill in run. Tlio viiluo of coods manufactured : --.. M. . ....n :. . .. ti. , "' --- -- rj- --.- . - - . lu lou, whs si.iuu.uw; tins yeur it win i.o si. inn.orai. Klinwliii'an advance oi over clL-tit- pen iter cent, in one vear. Thero was used id- ini.-.tlier 1.80(1.000 iiouuds of wool: this vear i ili..r will ho used 2.200.000 rounds. Of the ' wnnl used latt year, tlu ro were 1 . 100.000 nouuds f!.illfnrti(iin. :IIK).0(I0 nouiids Austrulian. and 100.000 nouuds Orecon. We may say hero that Mr. MoLenuan himself visited Australia u i cou uploof years since iu order to silcct tho I id of wool ho required for tho mill. Hesldes . Vln.l tho wool, thero was also 150,000 pounds of ooiiou iisfii, or nuoui imouu per cvui, ui tun nuu.. a..w .. ....... v.. -"--' ..... w- . hosiery, turns outnbout $200,000 worth ft'yenr, the rest of tho manufacture being made up of i wnoie. nio iieparimeni inr iuo uiaiiiuaciuru oi cnBsimeres, twwds, sliawls. flannels, blankets. ' and every variety of wooleu goods. Sortioof uuu per moiiiii. in nines tun ri-Kui.ir riuiuuivs mr. . I 11. .II...II.. l. !..... llc1.rtd .t,ni,na!tntiililt (ft th.l tlmt mtllf. Tt "v,""h". ""i"""-" ;v' --.-.-. ...--... nyeil 111 tlio ml I 17 Hands, who lire milil resouiiHi was startea ln 1SW,' wmi only iwoseisoi earns, , io.,-..00 . ,.... . ... i sr,n fin .,, resmctinw ond did not glvo much promise or tuo ititure, .. lh - T1' ,, ...,?, . ,'.,, n, . . . ..,f m, n-l.Inl. .a i(lninAil Itl olnfM frtF If 'l'llrt fntlll. I . ... .'-... . ' ' i ..! 1 ... ..m.t. n..,.unr wn iim ni. 11 11 iiii.h 1.11.1 ihiihii ...i . . . -. . . ...... ......... ..... w.... . . .. u. . .uv Kin.i. i..i.. . .,-....- At nacramento. was incorporated in is m. h i "' " "" " i..nmr. nm. muuui m iuiiu; tuiuK iwrwu u. .u...bU mu.. ....... a capital of $100,000. Tlio mill is located on I country wi.-y tun not mm it singio nirii or of tho casfimeres nnd tweeds are of reniarkntilo ,Uo corner. o 0 ft!1d Sixteenth streets. It is quadruped here, known in either Asia, Africa, l)c5u,?,1. Tucto'lro be1re,,cou;;!a1u"y tniA, ?l , llmllt of brick, nnd is threo stories in hicht. or Kurope, itnd the lpo of uinii found here .187 white people, and 150 Ohinoo. Of tho T,ie ,! buiI(IuK is lOxbO feet, with an L COxbO. was just as distinct. In regard to the colored white people, SO i nro men with families, 8j to Ulan Blx-sel mill, nnd emplovs53 hands. They iJ,WH '" '"cliin. India, which "i:rigonii"speaks 100 boys, nud tho bnl.ince women and fit. hllV0 Rft,np0.roow ftl 'Jlf J Btreet, which is of,Ihaiorendth.irhihtoryHoni.whfttdlffereiilly. Tho nverago pay roll it from 18.000 to J1,-. r,n.q, .,. A party of Jewish IraderH located In the aliu Sa n... Il.lmi liiii.iilr.l aw InrAlifii rtliil Titntitf ... . .... 1. . . .- , .1 ... II I .. . i .1.1 .... .t J thero is hardly a poor family iu the Mission ,nu '" " nomen mill ( for RaVPHi llIui ut imvK, y f,.mul(,M of tin ir tlmt does not get work that is done at home. ' Is, without doubt, tho most important uinnii- own uatiou with them, raised children by their Besides this they keep tho gills at tho Magdalen factoring enterprise in tho Statoof Oregon. It Haves. It is plain to see that their white color employed nt nrly nil tho time. Including the was established in 1805, nlno years ago, nnd ' would tlio out in time. Hut "Erigena" proves families of those who got work, thero can not ever since has been constantly increasing its the error of his own doctrine, when hu states beles than from two to threo thousand people production. Tho factory is n splendid four- that "in form nnd feature they nre like nil who nre benefitted directly or indirectly by tho utory building, wth stone basement. Tho mill other Jews; the national character Is plainly mill. Tho white men employed earn, on an started as a three-et one, but is now n seven- st imped on their physiognomy." If tin cen avcr.ige, $2 50 per day; tho women from $30 to set, with 2,300 spindles nud !21 broad looms, turits could not make nigroos of them, when $10 per mouth, nnd the boys from $1 to $7 per ' Last yoar it used up 500.000 lbs. of wool, their llrtt issue must have bten inululto, white week, averaging, perhaps, $5. This couqauy which, when manufactured, was represented pioplo any whoro neid not have any fear uf be claim to utilize the labor of boys more exten- by 130,000 yards of cassimeres and 120.000 coming negrot a by settling in the torrid zone sively than auy otter establishment in the city, yards of flannels nnd of blankets. Tho value The " Itohlll.i-," of llindooslan. havo white save, perhnpi, thoso employed in tho boot nmi pf all these is about $300,000. There are 100 kiii ond fair hair; whilst men with dark eyes shoo trado, nnd tho management is disposed to hands cmploytd, of which 70 are boys nnd , B,i dark hair form it majority of Wales nud work them in from time to lime as fast n op- girls, nnd the balanco 30 men. The wages Scottish Highlands. Tlio Gipsies, who came portunily offers. Tho Chlneso employed, earn , paid these iu 1873 was fully C0,0(K) Tho from ludia, and sjiread over Europe sinco the from ninety cents to ono dollar per day. The buildings and machinery have cost $100,000. twelfth cintury, have lu thu cold countries, buildings of tho factory on Fifteenth and Fol- The wool used is principally Orcgou. A small eVen to tho Cheviot Hills, preserved tho Inwny om streots, nre 703 feot long by nn nvernge of quantity of cotton is also used. ( complexion nnd black hair and eyes of tho 50 fret wide, nud nre two stories in height. Thol The Willlamttte Woolen Mill, Hindoo. Tho German colony in Paraguay, hosiory department by itbelf is 200 feet long, Is said to be the oldest on the Pacitlo coast, founded in tho fifteenth cintury by the soldiers and two stories in height, lioside Ihese thero Wing established in 1857. It uses 100,000 lbs. , of Charles the Fifth, whose blood is still mi aro ft djo house nnd work-thops ond a large . of wool yearly, aud puys $3,000 monthly for mixed, have prcorvid their fair complexion, stone store-house, 130 feet long by fifty feet labor. Of uveii uuder the tropical capricom. In Yucatan wide, two stories high, and capable of rectiv-1 The Other Woolen Mills, the Spanish people have remained unmixed ing two million pounds of wool. On arriving Wo con say but little, inasmuch us our circu- with tho iiutiics. nud nre perfectly fair and nt tho factory the wool is tlrst assorted and ' ars to th managers have not as yet been an- purely Gothio, (Van Evre, liurr). Of course scoured. Then it is colored, picked, carded, swertd. In California, besides those already oieryhody knows that tho tropical sun will spun, nnd afterward wovo Into cloth, blankets, noticed, them aro tlio Los Gatosaud Los An. ' chauge the complexion, when uxiiostd to its etc. Wo konw of nothing more interesting gelrs mills, which aro Ixith one-set mills. In ' burning rajs; but tho difference bUwttui the than wituessing tho various processes carried on, and the intricacy aud variety ol the machin ery ued. Of the processes jut mentioned, tho first story is devoted to picking, carding, (pinning, and finishing tho doth, am in the sot ond to spinning and wealing, there are nbout 220,000 yards of casBimeres, tweeds, etc., made annually, which nro w oi th from ninety- flvo cents to $1 CO per yard. Every wee.k thero is scut from this factory, east over the railroad, , a uir load of goods, worth from $25,000 to $30,000. They work largely for tho Govern- tm-nt Their unci CO everywhere over tho coast, to Japan, China, aud llritisb Columbia. The capital of the company, which is a close corporation, is $050,000. The mill occupies three blocks of laud, which were booght at a nominal price, but which ate now worth from $000,000 to $700,600. Ibo buildings and ma- chinery are worth, at least, $400,000. The in- stitutiou i a monument to IU founder and a credit to the Coast. The Pioneer Wcolen Mill Was, as the name imports, tbo first erected on this coast and is the great rival of the Mli - slon aud Pacific. Located near Black Point, ' bo buildings are nttogether (oar hundred feet ' ,orK- n Br ?ur stories W bight. The mill sinned rw a six-set mill: but there are now fl!" broad looms.8 ThV building "and uin - chinery cost $ 100,000, and the capital of tho company is $150,000. Last year they used SLTSySS 2C0.000 yards of blanket, cto. Tho total valuo of the manufacture was 5750,000. The amount em- hite 1 Til A .vnnl ll.ail na .l....l...ill .. fll!tAsHln ..1.1. -""""" l-.m.,....., v..tu.m..u, ...... imiuiiiiuanwiwi ui euros, i,u rpimnes, nud 21 broad looms. It turns out nbout 00,000 yards of casslmcre, 108,000 yards of flannel. 45,000 yards of tweed, 3.G0O pair of white, 3,000 brown nnd 10,500 pair of tjrey blankets. per annum. In the manufacture of these goods they use about 350.000 lbs. of tho best wool. in the market worth about $70,000 per annum. Tho company manufacture about halt ttieir nmiuicnpi mm unuuiiit mm ciuiutug. ttiey casiuieren ami uaumis nuo give employment to ninety-six the mill nnd 11) in San Franclfc for labor and eoininiKsiiiiia n ii rruus iu fco. They expend This company find n ready Mile for nil tlulr was erected in 1HGS, am will, ero many years1 havo elapsed, make of that city n most import blankets, worth $187,000. Tho capital invosted ! Is 8127,000, mid the cost of bnlldlugs and ma-1 cniuery una ueen ?u..iuu. inero woto cm- aim one Hiury iiiuii, is iuu leei snuurc. llie wool Bea , n-J, Callforiilan. Slneklon Waolen Mill Jhe Stockton Woolen Mill is sitiiaiiHi on iuo so in imiik oi tno Jiormon Slough, near the city of Stockton; is C0tl00't.icd tho namnof the city nfterhi. feet, one and n half stories iu hiuht. and built i vi,..r., nni.i ilu. ,w.,,i.. ,.i ., of wood. Besides, the proprietors havo n store-, room nnd pnckliiK-houso CO feet lonii bv 20 feet , i fnl. ...ill ... .1. . -- . r . - - , , uruim. liio mi is inn property ol .Messrs. I ',' ".iH"' "ml '"r"011' nnd was i.amucri started iu loill. wool 300,000 lbs manufactured into flannels, ttc. Tho nnd tho mill aud m The hands number 30, of whom Ave nre uhito men, threo white women, and 22 Chinese. The wnitemunnvernge?jperilay,tIiowlilteomen, 1.25, ond tho Cluneso earn $25 per month Tho mill Isit two-set one. with 800 spindles and i """ "'"",; """" , " "" ',,:" ' i'"-1 ....i v-i.i..u. ........ .. n...,.u uhjini. Thol --, --- - . . V. . . VI proprietor nver tlmt the Oregon wool is of n better quality and hus a longer staple. They I are able to sell nil they can inaiiufacluro. The Capital Woolen Mill I ..... . ...,..,...., Oregon there is uIbo u ono-Het mill at Urowus- villu. Synonsis. The wbol number of woolen mills on the Pacific coat is niu, of which six aro in Call- (ornia aud threo in Oregon. '1 hey havo 20,- 810 spiudles ond 232 brond looms. Their ag- gregate capital is $2,000,000; the value of buildings and machinery is $1,525,000; the number of pounds of wool used last year was G.aso.OOO, of a valuo of $1,200,000, nud the Talue of the manufacture wai $3,000,000. Of tin, u-nnl n...,l H.fWII fMJO Ilu. wt I'nllfnrniRti. 1,200,000 lbs. was Oregon and 500,000 lbs. Aus- traliau, About 250,000 lbs. of ootton was also UM.,i, Of Cassimerts 11,000,000 yards were made, and of blankets, flannels, etc., 1,000,000 yards. The total unrulier of employees was l XC, of whom 851 wire Chinese, 230 white men, 137 white boys, and VSi white women nd girls. The wages paid sgcregated $550,- 400, The value of goods stilt I'jut was about . $350,000, and the total exports at least $100,- ' 000. Such an exhibit is highly creditable to lthe coast, and give the highest promise of a I , glorious future for this industry. i.iin jearinerewasimeiioi Ku an account of tho generations of Cain, ., worth ft'io.OOO. which was ' ...i.i ii..... .i.v ",.,.1 a,i. ir,,n,v i.iu.ir.. ...... i.. $125,000 woith of blankets. ii ulm hum ..n.l ..nll.i.1 l.la ,. w..u. ' capital invested is $50,000. 'f,,r r.,,,1 ..,.1,1 .1... "l,n. ,..,.,..iiu.i '... achiuery nre worth $33,000. n,.,r ....i i,,.i..,i n ai i ,.i,,;,.. c.i.. .i.., The Origin of Man. trv. ii, t.-in nnni r.. l ' Editohs rnrss:-Iu your paper of March "th is an article entitled "Man Ills Pant and Future, etc.," iu which the writer attempt to ! ?e ,h"1 aU !' W ' . sluBl" P""-. " wmcu s"m'l no pass without notice. Ho says, "that tho nn- awer to this by anyone who had not reflected i on ibo subifct. anil who had nothina hut his l nun limit...! .iTiirtmip. unllt.l h Ilivnrln1.lt. ... ... ... ,1 . , . . ,, "1HBI II 110 UH.I 1101 cnri Cll ITOIll lUO i vanons races nmi cinso oi me minimi ami ' vegetable kingdom was caused bv climate, then the correct namo for God would bo Climate. Hut It is not true that the different races of men hnvo tho same blood Scientific men trll us , that there nre more than two hundred and fifty ' aneeltlu differences in tho nnatimiv mnl iiliruln. logy of the different species of man (llurr, limit, Van Evro.) Many of the fathers of the cmircu tienicu mai aiiam nmi i.u niul tlielr . ciiiiiircu. were iuo only people on llui gloDe. They affirmed that the text in Genesis verv r inbnuitaiita k'o that chap- than Implies IHHMllnteil I'ur whon God doulared that finin lnml.1 ln 'riven lorin irom iiiem; ii was mo jieoplo Ho should meet when n wanderer iu the earth Who then were Ihoso people whom Cain feared to meet when he should have gone furlli into the earth? It hns been reasoned by scholars that the most rational method of soothing his fears, would hao been to tell him, there are no "ber poplo on tho earth except your father ""lululr- ' ' nun um j.nru in rep- i as iiiiiiiig in wiiii lyum improssioii ! the population of the world, and that i mark upon Cain lest nnv fiudnm him i ... .,....-, ...p. .....i . .. --- .- " i v... ...... ....u lunnniim sdd that Cam, Hiparnting himself from his ' 'l,,1,n'' "w,nl tm' l"u'' ' N'"'- ,,n8, ' ' AinfCain knew his wife and she conceited n,i iuo Enoch. And ho built it city nud ii von Enoch " rum that lived in tlil city? That would h .,it.,.,. ....i.. r.r n.i..u i,i.,i. f'l That would be an extra- tt.. nr lliim.a ivlil.tl, .Intnl., I...., rnabled Cain to fill up n city, however small, with hU own children. The next Helen verses - ""-.i . .". o T "' '' Ui!u.tll rtmiu it (Jb.n i l(ll( niiuil lllllt' Does this look its though Cain had taken n his ter to wife, or that he had a si-ler at nil? In ti10 ,.xt chapter It says Adam was mi hundred and thiity yeaw old when Seth was born, and u((er that ho lived eight liumirr d ytars, and he iii-gal sons ami tiauglilers. tllriii nniiin Klin ni.Cil II nmiucr HO- cot of the flood, lh it but little cmi Imi known positively. Scleiillllo men tell ns Unit It i-niiM .,t have affected the iiiiikmUh sliln of the globe and was only local, nnd lu proof of which, any I IUIH .. .... uieiittoncd country, nmi milium DlacK women various races of meti are fundamental differ dices in intellectual capacity, as well as in pbislcial conformation. Ho different nro tho physical systems, that thtir diseases are In many eases different, ami require different treatment. Many disease which affect nud kill the white race aro never known uiuoiiu some of tho other races. " Erigena" must bo mistaken iu supposing that thu offspring of white people who have become tanned, are born with the same olive tint of their parents. It is unusual for anything more lliun the lace uml hands ol while people to become tawny; and I believe It is equally unusual for children to be born with their fuce aud hand of u color different from other puts ol their person. Many people, iu tropical countries, that huve mixed blood lu their veins, claim to bo white as, In fact, all do, in every couutry where there is any chance for success; but I very much doubt " Erigena'" ability to prove a singlu iusUnce of a negro l-ccouilnu u Caucasian in form aud color by changing hi home, or vfc wci, " Lrigena's" proposition to place a pair of white people, male and female, iu Uracil, or ii Hill., it. iiirii i it .ill. v miUHd iiiur in.irn w.ir.. nii.n tropical Africa, without clothes to shelter tholr bodies from the rays of the burning sun, etc., will not hold i'ood, as a Caucasian pair would not bo so situated; if nothing better offered, they would make shelter nud garments of fig. leaves, ns their first parents did I As far back as tradition extends, there was tho same strongly markid races of men. Tho Norn, tho Indian, tho Esquimaux, the Malay, tho Mongolian, nnd tho Caucasian, all different iu form, hnbits. color and Intellect. So much so, that n child can distinguish them; and if theso race have existed four thousand years, without the slightest change, or modification, which lu nil kinds of climate, nnd under every condition of circumstnticcs preserved its lnteg rity, nud transmits iu the regular and normal order to each succeeding generation, the exact nnd complete type of Itself, must hnvo bosn thus nt the lu ginning, when the txistltig order was first called iuto being by the Almighty Creator. Doubtless God could hnvo chnuged our rnco into that of nuother. but wo h.ive no evidence that He has ert r done so. We are told that the translation from the Latin Vulgite reads; "God hath made of one umiim all races of men, and appoiuled thebouudsof their habitations," which, if true, deprives the unity ndvocates of their lust evidence. I have read nil account of n sermon lu fnior of the unity of the races by n Unitarian clergyman, from the text, "One event happeneth to them nil," Keel. 2:11, which was probably no more intended ns an opinion iu favor of the unity of the race than it was iu favor of the llabcock tire extinguisher. It shows upon what n sleuder timet they hnug tneir mini, mm upou what slight evidence iney form nn opinion. A leading Enstcrn paper has the following from the pen of Professor C, II. llrlghnin, which seems to be to the point: The Adamite. Within tho memory of many persons not yet old, Prof. Agnssiz wns denounced ns nn intldel, because he vcnttlied to say that science indi cated the creation of man iu several places, nnd Hint nojone Adam wss the father of nil tho; human races. Mow me tames are turned, uml the theory of Agnssiz Is taught as not only wise and rational, but conservative and orthodox, in harmony with the Jewish scripture, nud sal utary as saving from the dismal necessity of ereatiou by evolution. Sound diilnes, like Dr. McCauslaud, vindicate the inspiration of tho written work, by ufilrmlug that tlio Hebrew Genesis was not intended to be the story uf till human origin nnd the primitive man, but only of one nice later iu time than other races nud superior iu quality. "The Adamite," the biblical mini, is to bo distinguished from the Australian nud the Chinese, Negro and Indian The happy suggestion has been caught up, and made tlio basis of conjiicttirenud investigation; and now, wn have learned societies discussing the limit and thu home of the Adamite, as if it were u settled fact that the biblical pair weru not (he only human pair. Mr C. 11. Wake, the learned Director of the llritish Anthropo logical Institute, essays, iu an elaborate paper, to show how far Adamite went, what countries they settled, what colonies they sent out, and what were their relations to other races. A professor, in his lectures to the students of the Michigan Uuivi rally, nccept the theory nnd fiuniuf nils it ns safe and sound, explaining what otherwise would b thopuvltinf the Gen esis iloeiiintut. And it may before long bo come heresy fur theological profi ssorHiu ortho dox seminaries to hid I or teach any other view. Ctrtaiuly thoso ilenieiis of the liudof Noil, with whom Cane found refuge, and who uavo him ii wife, are not to bo taken as (he children of Cane's father. 'I biology will accept the ver dict of ethnology and philolnuy, nud thereby remoie thu stumbling block from the path of those who earnestly desire to believe the Scrip- turts, and mo iriiiniii source in iiiiiiieiiiy. Aimmitk. Stockton, .March lHtli, 1871. Washing Fruit-Trees and Shrubs. In urging upon tho readers of tho Piikhh the practice of washing tree, wo tin not pretend that "we have somt tiling now lure," nsthocaii vnssers for patents dtclare. On the contrary, it is just because tlio practice Is mi old nud tried one, and that wo have tested it ear lifter year and have had ample proof of its ellleauy. Tint i nrly spring season is tho proper time to do it. 1'iit nbout it quait of common soft soap iu nil ordinary witter pail, tin u fill the bucket willi water and atir Ihoioiighly. This of course make it very strong suds, but It will not injure your smallest trees any more than a little Hoap and wutel will hurt your boys; tho lesulls iu Isitli cases lire identical, III applying this wash a whitewash brush is thu best implement. Go through your or chard or garden and glvo every tree nud shrub, largo nud small, n good washing. If tho buds have commenced swelling do not wash over those part of the branches, as the strong soap- Mini would i mi injurious to mem. jicgin a high up among thu branches as the buds will admit, or if your tree are large, it high a you can reach, and follow down to tho base of the trunk. Apply thu liquid Ireely, rubbing the brush up nud down tho wood, so that the wash will peuetrato every crevice, lie partial lar about tin, for it I iu these crevices, and even uniler thu scale of tho bark, that thu tree vermin in their illllnreut stages of existence are concealed, nud thu destruction of these one of thu priucipil object lu washing tho trees. Hut this Is by no melius the only great bene fit which tho tree derives from washing, Trees that havo been In add iu this manner will not become b.irk-bound whon young, nor scaly when old. Thu burk on the growing trees will bo smooth to thu touch, and bo clean aud glossy; and even when old tree-trunks have become scaly, this treatment will be far more beneficial than scraping. Wu have thus fur spoken only of the Imjiic lit to the tree nbovu ground; hut tun wash being applied liberally to the largo limb nnd trunk of thu tree, it runs down lo ll.o main mot. Following these out iu their ramifications, the minute root fibers nrereactud by thu strong liquid which carries with It death to animal and nourishment to legitahlu life. Should the orchards of any of the render of the I'll Ms hu vMtt tl by thu caterpillar that uppt ar about blossoming time iu the orchard oi the East, and strip tiieiu of their foliage, they will find in thu simple artirlo recom mended above, u most effective exterminator. At tho approach of night these worms gither together lu n few nests, sometimes only one In n tree. They do not leave these camp until the sun Is well up. If tho owner will visit his orchard early in the morning, he will find myriads of them massed and knotted together, surrounded by n flimsy web. Now 1 the time to take them; for if I bey are allowed to remain until thu warming rays of the sun reach them, they will at oucu commence their march to ward tho extremities ol thu branches. Hut thu early orchardist, as well us thu early bird, "catches the worm," Lot him fasten tt swah to the end of a long pole, and Uku his pail of soap-suds, and us ho Illicit these nests give euch one u good, thorough "supping;" und ho may rest assured that thoso devastating armies will "never march more." The career of these worms is limited tc a very brief period, aud two or three successive visit like that de scribed above will suffice for the season, Sjock. A Bad Practice. If yon enter n shoe-sboro to runkn n pur chase, nnd the dealer, instead of telling you that he has not what yon nro looking after, which is tho fact, keeps you busy looking and trying on, while ho sends a clerk out "on tho sly" nud procures tho desired article from a neighboring denier, then sells it to yon ns his own stock, tho deception Is of n hnrmless char nctcr, nnd thero is " nobody hurt." Hut when i would-be purchaser of choice stock sends to a breeder who solicits orders for tho same, adver tising his stock as being full nnd ample, but when the order arrives, turns it over to n third party, to be filled by him, it becomes a down right imposition. This is wh.it wo hnvo designated a "bud practice." Aud we nro sorry to say it Is pre vailing to such nn extent among stock-breeders ns to weaken tho confidence of purchasers. If tho dealer in farm stock has not tho article ordered, the order should be returned with an acknowledgment of Ids Inability to fill it; but instead of this, he, Ih too many cases, makes it up from tho stock of a third party, lie may conscientiously believe, this stock to be "just ns good" as was his own, nnd mny have sup plied this third party with its progenitors; but navluii once passed out of his hands, he can no longer vouch for its purity. Tho cupidity, tho carelessness, or the Injudicious management of the parties to whom it has been intrusted, may have allowed mixing and contamination extremely damaging to the breeds wanted. The high prlccH obtained for fine stock, of undoubted pedigree, has very naturally tempt ed dealers to soli what they hnvo not got. All department of slock are suspeotcd of having been injuriously affected by it, but poultry fanciers complain Hint this bad practice is par ticularly prevalent among tho dealers iu choice fowls. When n man Iiiih procured a trio of fowls of n pedigree which will bear tho closest examina tion, the demand for eggt is soon greater than the supply. It is only the favored few who can obtain them. Othirs must wait until tho offspring of this trio can do something towards supplying this demand. An the merits of tho fowl become known the demand Incniise. nud tlio owner finds that even the second nud third generation of hen cannot furnish nil tho egg wanted. Hut Home former customer who had obtained egg from his original stock, lias nn Increase oi supply in this article exceetltug tho demand. To him our friend, the professional breeder, goes and procure egg at n price per haps threo quarters less than ho Is asking. Willi these he fills thu order from the distant purchaser. He quiets his conscience with tho assurance thnt they nre really from his own stock. And ho they lire; but this third party in raising the fowls of tho second and third re move from tlio oriuluul slock, hns not kept the different breeds properly separated, though tho contamination may hnvo been brought nbout tiy carelessness, nud he tuny Imi unconscious of it; or even if he were to blame for the impurity, ho hns no reputation ns a dealer to look after, and tho eggs tiro disponed of at remunerative price. The result of this trick iu tho farm stook trado are ton well known. The coiisuiuence have been more serious than they would havo been had the public been iiwiirnof the trick; for the disappointed purrhaser have been too apt to attribute the fault to the Inherent defects lu tho shi.'k and have consequently kept shy of it. Thus tho reputation of blooded slock has suffered unjustly. The po.HCHsor of pitro blooded stock is to bo envied; but it is by no means mi enviable tusk to procure It; nor is It Its dillleiilt to keen it (Hire. Thu dealer should bo u severely critical ii selling as lu buying, ami bo particularly careful how he sells what he has not got, Tiik Nkw House DiHKAHi:. The New York W give it description of this dist use as fol lows: A curious contagion has broken out among the horses of the singe and street onr liucH. to which very little attention him been attract! d outside of the stahlcM ail'tctcd, yet which ih oi so pi uiiiir nun general u nature as lo be uf considerable Importance. The disease. Hindu Its appearance alxiut tlino month ngo, as nearly its can be ascertain! d. For Homo time In fore it in tiially broke out the horses in many of tho stableH afterwards affected showed unfavorable symptom, such its lussof upputlte, languor and general ilrbllity, 'I he symptoms of the disease nro similar In nil thu stable. The animals nt first refuse to eat. They soon hicouiii Hwolleu nbout the eyes, which wiep ami ilisclnirgo it yellowish matter copiously, flio (.yin iu Homo Instances becoming entirely clo'eil nud inflamed to nil alarming sl.e. These indications are accompa nied by hi Illng of the fore or hilnl leg. Soon after being Hci.ul with this complaint tlio ani mal exhibits signs of HtniMir, carrying thu head aloft uml betraying great wenkues. After medical triatmcnt fur it day or two the appetite may return, whtu the hoisn rapidly recov ers. It wa only it few year ago that swluu feed er were vlelng with eaoh oilier for the greatest weight of carcass; but this is now changed. Hogs that will weigh C00 pounds are sold nt n less price pur pound than those of 250 to 300 pounds The market iu England ha long favored light weights. Loudon i chiefly sup plied with pig of less than 200 pound weight. And thl tendency of th market to pig, well fattened, bin of miiall weight, I just what thu farmer should encourage, for It is exactly in the lino of his interest, it costs more to make the second hundred pound mi it pig than tho first, and still uioro to uiaku thu third hundred pounds than thu second, aud so every pound added Women more expensive. Rotundity of tho Earth. In looking over one of that interesting series of pamphlets "Half-hour UtoroatioiiH on Pop ular Science," (llancroft ,t Co.,) we camo upou an item on the subjtct refer ml to. It seems strange Unit at thu advanced stage of knowledge iu which wo now are, that any ono should havo returned lo the old belief tlt.it tho earth wiih it flat surf ice. Hut it Heem that lit even thl late day there are so mo who Htlll maintain this belief, it will bo seen by tho item to which we refer, which is a follows: "A fruitless attempt has been made for somo yutr past to induce thu biliuf that the earth is it flat surface; uml a Mr. Hampden, who seem to havo been isirsuaded that it is ho, rashly risked flvu hundred pounds on thu msuu of uu experiment on thu lied ford Levtl, iu order to test the truth of thu assertion, His offer was taken up by Mr. A It. Wallace, mid arrange luents satisfactory to Mr Hampden having boon made, thu experiment was tried by itieaus of threo disks, rising forty-two feet above I he lev el of thu surface of a piece of water largo enough to show the curvature, If thero wero any, Thu rofereo decided against Mr. ,lltmp dun, tho central disk rising considerably ubovo thu lino formed by the two outer disks, as seen from onu end through a selected and approved telescope. The curvature to and fro in six mile to thu extout of about five feet was proved."