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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 27, 1873)
WILLAMETTE FARMER. . Trout, Bees, Fruits, Poultry and Hogs. The question of (ami labor is becoming a matter of the first importance to the Califor nia agriculturist. The cost of this labor at present, is ont of all proportion to the profit derived from it; whilst the only warrant for the extortion for it is nothing else is found in the farmer's actual necessity. The mode of farming in California is peculiarly one in which the propiietor rnnnot do his own work, even with the help of a half dozen large boys and girls. He raises more grain than he can harvest nlono nud to hire the necessary labor costs him too large a proportion of the net proceeds of his crop; and the same occurs with whatever other crop he raises, when he makes that one crop a specialty. Wo havo said much in tho columns of the lturuL of tho propriety of a greater diversity of crops, by which the farmer would bo enabled to keep a steady force of handB the year round, instead of being com pelled to hire at exorbitant rates during tho emergency of harvest, bo tho crop what it may, so that it is made a specialty and on n largo scale. We proposo to show how the small farmer can manage to carry on a routiuo of labors, in n diversity of pursuits and yet all legitimato to tho farm, without hlrciug a single day's labor tho whole season, and every one of them largely paying enterprises, considering tho amount of capital employed, and which need never bo largo. First on our list of paying works, is trout growing; assuming, of course, that tho farmer can control tho water of a largo Bpring, a small, cool mountain rivulet or a part of one, or tho water of an artesian well, or, finally a portion of tulo laud so reclaimed that the possibility of a broak in the surrounding leveo is beyond peradventuro, and where ditches can bo exca vated, to bo filled with clear water from tho adjacent stream. With any one of these con ditions, tho farmer ran enter upon -tho culturo of fish, doing a largo and lucratlvo business by adding to his small beginnings, year by year, and no outsido help required. In proof that wo aro right in our position, ns regards the profits of fish culturo wo append the fol lowing: Troul Breeding on Long Island. Tho trout breeding business is becoming very t xtwisivo on tho south side of tho inland, and is proving very profitable. Mention has recent ly been nindo of the preparations of Ki-Con-gressmau llnosovelt, Mr. Lorlllard, ud other well-known New Yorkers, for going into tho business on an extensive scale. There, is talk of other similar enterprises soon to bo started. Among tho establishments already iu successful operation may be mentioned tho following: Mr. Dishop, of Fire l'lace, two years nco conceived tho idea of having n trout pond. lie dug out a swamp, built n hatching-house, aud formed two artificial ponds. Theso ho stocked with a few trout, which havo increased to near ly '20,000, valued at about $10,000. Tho entire capital invested by him does not exceed $1,500, nud his net receipts will bu at least $3,000 per annum. Mr. A, J. Hlnes, of Palace llrook, near l'ntcliogtio, hatched 50,000 trout this spring. Ho owns three ponds, and 100 yards of canals. Mr. Nathaniel Miller, of Firo l'lace, has erected a lmtchlng.houso and dug out several small ponds, and now owm about 10,000 trout nil obtaiucd by artificial hatching. Messrs. Dayton A: Gregory, of Canaan, own a small pond, and half nn aero of laud ditched out. They devoto their whole- tluio to tho business, which nt present nets them 3,000 a year. Mr. Nelspn C. Hawkins, of llellfort, has construct ed n largo trout pond this season. Tho Mossrs. ltoblnsju, near tho Suati Creek Mill, are constructing n pond and a scries of canals, and proposo to go extensively Into tho business. Mr. ltobert lllaud, of l'ntchogue, has constructed ponds nud canals, and is now engaged iu stocking them. Many others aro going Into business on u smaller scale. Shot am! I.tatlitr ISeporttr. Cultivation of Fish in Ditches and Ponds. Experlcnco proves that fish arc much more easily cultivated than has been supposed. Much attention is now being paid in Germany to their cultivation iu ponds nud ditches, nud it has been fouhd, contrary to tho generally re ceived opinion iu reference, to such localities, that they aro moro fin orablo for tho purposes than other largo bodies of wntor, nppnrently fresh and pure in their character. This h doubtless owing to tho great abuudauco of ani mal life, ns well ns to tlio moro decided con centration of vegetablo sulistauces iu the form of living plauts of different kiuds, including me nipu. iuis produces a cousiiiuuouoi oxy gen, needed for tlio respiration of the fish, nud allows n larger mass of llfo to bo crowded to gether iu n plveu spaco. Tho reproduction of tho species is unusually rapid, nud tho young grow very quickly. From tho above it seems quite clear that there is no great mystery in fish culturo aud that it can be mado largely profitable, if properly managed, ns ov,cry business ought to be. Will Bee Keeping Pay. This question comes to us from nn esteemed correspondent, nud we would bo glad to answer it upon tho basis of n California experiuce of our own; but wo havo uover kept bees iu thin State. Wo know of mauy persons who have, nud wo know that nil of these who went to work with a kuow ledge of tho business have made it profiable. Wo know further, that they keep very still about tho matter of profit, whilt vear by year they add to their stock's or colon ies. Of the profits of bee culturo in the Atlantic States, here is what five different persons re port in the JUeKttptr's Journal in 1&70. Mr. W. H. Watkins, of Henry county, Iowa, says he has kept bees for tho last three years, and found them more profitable than any other stock on the farm, lie ghes figures which show that in 16C9, his total expenditures amounted to $110, and total receipts to $111, leaving a clear profit of $300 tho first year, or over 3u0 per cent, on the capital invested. Mr. D. Hare, of Huhbleton, Wis., reports that in 1870, he obtained 850 pounds of surplus honey from twenty stocks, and increased them to 39 stocks. Capital invested, f 230; reciinU, SiOO. Mr, O 11. Ishaui, of Livingston county, X. l. says that from his npirrv of less than fifty stocks, he obtained, in 1870, over 2,000 pounds oi goo! box noney, leaving au auunuance oi store in the hues for the bees to winter on. Mr. James Bray, also of New York, reports that in April, IS70, he bought four stocks of bees for $23, aud obtained from all of them honey which sold'for SI GO increasing tho four stocks to 1C. Mr. J, W, nosmer, an eminet apiarian of Minnesota, puts in his say for this season, which is, that he had taken out over six tons of lioney from 150 stocks since the 1st of July, 1 1871, which, at 25 cent per pound, would bring j f 3,000 a Tery nice income. I Mr. Joseph H. Oisler, of St. Louis county, ' Mo,, gave me authority to say that ho had kept . bees for tho last six years, and fouud that they 'paid. His yield of honey averaged him about 7,000 pounds annually, which lie dished out ! every Saturday at Union Market, St. Louis, at I au average price of thirty cents per pound. I I might go on and recite facts like theso for i a week. Tho bee journals and agricultural t press havo been full of such lustances for the i last three or four years. Bees that are allowed 1 to keep themselves, of course, ran not bo ex pected to pay; ns well might corn bo made to pay by simply planting it. A great many peo ' pie purchaso costly, complicated, humbug, pat ented bee-hives, paying a good price for using tho samo. They then think they are .ou the road to fortune, and, finding out their mistake, go prating around that movablo comb hives aro n humbug, and that keeping bees don't pay, when, in fact, they allowed their industrious little frionds to do all tho keeping themsoves, amid mnny dangers that surround them. Bees should havo tho samo attention that you would glvo your chickens, ducks, or turkeys; they 1 should havo tho movablo comb hive of J. S. Harbison, or some other as good as his, it there are such, then (hoy should havo proper care, aud above nil, sco thnt they nro in a country where food abounds, for who would expect to succeed with poultry without giving them nmplo food? If you keep bees, keep them ns , they ought to be kept, aud tho profit is cer tain. Iu future numbers wo shall ondeavor to show, in ndditlon to what wo havo said on Fish aud Beo culturo, that Fruits, Poultry and Hogs, can all bo grown by tho same small farmer on very little cipital, aud do' all tho work within his own family of self, wifo nud children nud yet mnko it, or tho different brauches united under ouo management, n pleasing aud profitable business. How They Irrigate in California, A correspondent of tho lluml Prctt, fur nishes thnt journal with tho following descrip tion of tho mode of irrigation pursued in tho San Joaquin Valloy; From ouo tract tho whole system ran bo learned On this quarter, Mr. Cotton aud Mr. U.S. Gest havo on shares 1C0 ncres of irri l gated wheat. Wo saw no graiu moro regularly and thoroughly irrigated, and nouo more uni form nud promising. Tho nccompnuyiug diagram will show moro distinctly than words nloue, how tho water Is applied, nud how ndvautago is taken of tho natural features of tho laud. This place is about n mile cast of Los llanos Creek and 8 miles from tho San Joaquin at the nearest point, ns can bu seen on tho map. Its soil is rather heavy salt grass laud, n grayish loam well mixed with wind, nud quite level, .VerlA. .South. IRRIGATED QUARTER SECTION. though by no means ns even iu surface ns much land iu our valley. An old and shallow slough, leaving tho creek nbout n mile south west of this tract, ruus through it iu n north easterly direction, as represented. Through , this slough, tho wntor is convoyed, which Irrigates this nud ndjoliiing lauds. This watei is tnkon from tho canal two mllos from Cottou's, near where it .empties into Los II inos, is conveyed thence through n smnll distributing ditch follow lug closelv along tho creok until it Is discharged luto tho slough. After passing through the slough beyond Cotton's, tho wasto water is carried oil by a ditch on Mlllor and Lux's land. Now, to apply it, tho geucrnl nriucinlo is to overflow tho surface. As is usual iu old beds of Btreams upon our Iovcl plains, tho banks of this slough nro raised obovo the surrounding land by tho constant deposits from water which has flowed through them for nges past, whilo tho channel itself is too much depressed to nllow tho water, without deep cuts, to bo car ried immediately upon the general level. To overcome this difficulty, imagine two distribut ing ditches, ouo on each blilo of tho slough, leaving it near tho southern boundary of the quarter section, and followiug the general course of tho stream, but at some little distance therefrom, as shown in the skttch. Imugiiio nlson slight ridgo nrotind tho entire quarter section funned by tho furrow of n single plow, the dirt being thrown outward, nud each ridge wade highest iu low placos. Finally, imagine small ditches called checks, each consi.tiug of two furrows of n sirrglo plow, leaving a Mrip of unplowedland between them obout n foot wide, nud connecting with tho main ditches nt Intervals of nbout forty steps. Theso checks are represented by tho straight Hues, most of them ruuuiug east aud west; somo, north and south. It is to bo observed that the dirt from each furrow is thrown on opposite sides to form banks to the checks. This is the whole y tern by which tho quarter section is flooded ns equally as possible. Tho entire space be tween the slough and ditch ou the west Bide nnd a narrower strip on the east side of the slough Is irrigated by seepage; hence no checks are made over that portion of the ground. These ditches and furrows aro made much more rapidly and cheaply than is generally sup posed. ' Two men, a single twclvo-inch plow, n V scraper ten or twelve feet loug and spreading five feet at the base, such as is frequently used on roads, and eight horses, are the only menu actually necessary to accomplish tho work in a few days. Two men and four animals to manage the plow; and two men and six or eight animals to manage the scruner. at tho same time, will somewhat shorten tho work. But tho Y scrap er has to be used in forming only the larger ditches, not the checks. To make these larger ditches, two or three 'iflBsESBI furrows aro run in one direction as far as it is intended to carry the water, and two or three are ruu parallel to these in tho reverse direc tion. An unplowed space about n foot wide is left between tho two sets of furrows. This is found best, because it prevents the ditch from washing deeper iu the middle, and makes it easier to keep tho water ou and above tho level of the land to bo irrigated. The scraper is now ruu first iu one direction and then iu tho op posite, to bank up ou the outside of the ditch tho soil thus displaced. A fall of from four to six inches a mile has proved best to prevent washiug. As many ns four or five sucu tracts between checks nro irrigated each day. In this mauuer two men thoroughly irrigated the 150 acres, of which wo nro speaking, iu seveu days. They irrigated a considerable part of It nt night, as their neighbors ou tho upper por tion of the slough used tho water only in the day time. If several neighboring ranchers choose to unite their efforts, they can greatly expedite the work of making main ditches, as well as of irrigating. Each tract is carefully watched to prcveut Injurious breaks hi ridges nud embankments, until tho water is evidently well distributed over it, without beiug allowed to ruu to unne cessary waste. They have, ns yet, no accurato means of learning what quantity of water has been no cessary to accomplish such irrigation. Whilo iu somo places the water will not stand more than two inches deep, iu others It will have it depth of two or three feet. But, after tho sup ply has been shut olT, it nil disappears by ab sorption iu three or four days, if the laud has sand enough iu it to bo sufficiently porous, On heavier soil it may stand rather longer, and unless tho land has been well broken, may re main long euough to drown the grain, or cause tho ground to bake. But this can bo guarded against by having tho soil well pulverized, nud by' not flooding it until tho grain is rank enough to shade it properly. Mr. Cotton's laud was broken by n gang of four plows to n depth of nbout Avo inches, which has proved to bo sufficient. This geutlcmau may, by n hasty conclu sion, bo thought fortunate to havo on his laud tho bed of au old stream of which ho can nvall himself. But n moment's retlee tlou will show that were there no slough, but in its place n tingle ridgo running through tho tract with n gradual fall ou each side of it, it would bo quite nil nduutago. For ouo dis tributing ditch would answer then instead of two, nud his laud would bo moro conveniently divided. In tho southwest corner of his quarter-section, ns shown iu our diagram, Mr, Cotton has set oft' about ten acres for his houso nud barn, n patch of corn, potatoes, melons, nlfnlfa for his stock, au orchard, cto. This " home patch" is arranged for n special nud moro con tinuous system of irrigation. Tho entire system wo havo now together ex amined is seen to bo very slmplo nud rather primitive, ns yet, nud has defects which those using it proposo to remedy in future. It cer tainly has tho great recommendation that it is not expensive. Tho preparation of their soil, and methods applying tho water, aud keeping it within proper bounds, will no doubt bo gradually Im proved nud perfected ns the farmers thoro ad vance. In experience and prosperity. DEWEY Ac CO., American & Foreign Patent Agents, uFricK, us MON'TnoMKiir HTUiurr. h. k. Tho best, speediest, nnd surest method for you to obtain patents, tllo caveats, or transact any other Important business with the Patent Ollico nt Washington, or with foreign coun tries, is through the ngency of DUWKY.v CO., PUBIilSlIUltS OF TIIK MINING AND SOWNTIFIO PltF.SS, SAN F11AN CISCO, nil able, responsible, nud loiig-estab-llshed firm, nud tho principal agents on this side of tho continent. They referto tho thous ands of inventors who havo patroui.ed them, and to nil prominent business men of tho Pacific Coast, who nro moro or Icsh familiar with their reputation as straightforward jour nalists and patent solicitors and counsellors. Wo not only moro readily apprehend tho points nud secure much moro fully nud quickly the patents for our homo Inventors, but with the inllufiico of our carefully read and extensively circulated journals, wo nro enabled to illus trate tho intrinsic merits of their patents, nud secure a duo reward to tho Inventor, besides serving tho public who nro more ready to glvo n fair trial, and adopt a good thing, upon the recommendation of holiest nud intelligent publishers. To Obtain Patent, well-constructed model isgcnemlly first need ed, if the invention enn well ho thus illustrated. It must not exceed 12 inches iu length or hight. When practicable, a smaller model is even more desirable. Palut or engrave the liauio of the article, nnd tho nnmo of tho inventor, nud his address upon it, Soud tho model (by express or other rellablo convejanco), plainly nddrcssod. to "DtswKr .t Co., Minimi and Scikntifio Piikhs, Omen, San Fiuncikc'o." At tho Name time, send a full description, embodying all thu ideas and claims of thu inventor respecting the im provement describing tho various parts nud their operations. Also send $15 currency, amount of first feo of tho Government. The easo will bu nlaccd on our regular file, the drawings executed, nud tho documents mado up, nud soon sent to the Inventor for signing. As soon as higuod aud returned to us with the fees then due us, It will bo sent straightway to the Patent Ollico at Washugtou, When tho invention consists of a new article of manufacture, a medicine, or n new composi tion, samples of tho separated ingredients, hiitllcleut to muko tho experiment (uuloss they nro of a common and well-known char acter), nud also of tho manufactured article itnulf.must bo furnisht d, with full description of tho entiru preparation. For Processus, frequently no model or drawings nru necessary. In such case, thu applicant lias only to send us, an exact description, and what is deslrablo to claim. For designs no models uru necessary. , Pupil catu drawings uru required, and thu specifica tions nnd other papers should Ik) in'nduup with care and accuracy . Iu some instances for dt sign patents two photographs, with the negative, answer well mstcud of drawings. For further information, send u stamp for our illustrated circular, containing a digest of Pa ikxi Laws, 11 illustrated muchaiilcul move ments, nnd Hints and Instiu'ctions regarding the mouth and I'liivu.KnKs of inventors ami patentees, which will bo furnished post paid. Also a copy of NEW l'ATJINT LAW of 1870. Address IM3W.1BV Af ., Pl'DUslUU, I'atistAukvti ami t'.xcnuvgiu,. , Jso, 3J1 Montgomery street, 8. f. HINTS FOR Wo will send on raeetpt ot stamp for postat-e, s'UKK, our M-u- Circulars eonultdof III lUo.tr a tsd MschacJ. IIJlCiJTnRQ eAlMovemeaUiadUsttotPATEST IHtCi! I UtlO. LAVTbl lafomaUODkiow to obtain paunls, and about the rijbuaml privilsa'ss of ioxintofs and palsatesst list of Oovrmentf,pratlcalblnts,eto.,ete, AddrstaDEWKY CO., Poblltbsrt and Patent A-saU, baa t'rsoci.co. Illustrated Press, SAN FRANCISCO. A NEW .lOUKXAI. OF FINK IM.t'NTKA. tlon. Choice Literature, Art and IlcGned Amusement. Sold by subscription, .00 jer. Simples 30 cents. Recently Unurd. Canvasser wanted. Address MUR RAY, DKWKY & CO., Publishers, 411 Clay St., 8. F. Dtvrr.i A Co., il'atrnt AtentO W. II. Msikat. Opinions of the Press. Vrt have received a copy of llie I Lira rut tip P, a w publication Just issued by Murray, Dewey & Lu., the proprietor of the Mrkcanth.k Imhkctoh. It it filled with ery choice and well executed engravings and is creditable trt it proprietor. It Hill l issued monthly, and cannot fad to become tery poputar. Kxaminer. iLLfntlullli Pnr.ss. Tlila publication It certainty a credit to tho 1'scMo coaat. Tho Illustration arv from on client dcaliiut, and executed In au admirable manner. Thin publication should nrtaluly bo well pstronlicd. Colusa Sun. iLLl'nnaTrn Pnras. The March tiiunWr of this auh. ltcatlon la fllledwlthrholco reading, luaddltlon to which tt la profusely Illustrate! and wlil coii'tiare favorably with any of the Illustrated papers of the Kattern State. It UaCallfornlartitcrprlsefurulshi'datlJ.lXlpcranuuui Ho much for o little should secure an Immense circula tion. ISonor l'omocrat. Iu.lsiiniin l'm.ss. This llttlo .(Mine of tho Pacific la Iwcotuliu; quite s favorite, and well It may, for It la one of the most chaste and leautlftilly Illustrated publl. cations that visit our aaticlum. The publisher havo spared no palus In trlii to make What It slgnlOc and what It Is.-lYoUi Mall. It la filled with choice readlnx matter and profusely Illustrated a number of tho moat prominent lllustra. tlou bcliiR of California scenery. Merced Tribune. Ira conteuta evince mote than average literary taste, The Illustration are Incxcillcut stjle, It la unexcep tionable a a home maitailue, anil It term bring II within the rvach of all classes Mariposa (latetle. Tut luaitailno Is a credit to our rltate, and deserve to b a reitular visitor In eviry household. It la the only publication of tho kind on the coast. TdIhi appreciated it must lie sctn and read. Suiter llanncr. The Illustration show that master artl.ts havo twn secured and that they will eomnaro favorably with many more imlctittmia productions In other Journal. The publisher have found It necessary to ro-lsstto thrlr first aud Kocoud editions. Amador lailitcr Tint March lmnili r of this periodical la at hand., and la fully up to It previous reputation by tho mimU r and excellence of II etmrat luit aud selection of literary nutter. Ilolllstcr Advance, Tn January number cf the lui-STSAisn Prim b b. foraut. We hate been thinkinn field wai open forlurt tuch a majuine, and sure enough here it it. (lie pubfith. era are both enterprising and uunout, know Jmt what they are about, and, if mo nmuke not, they will make tliii pub. Iication a finKUM success. The first number is rotten up on the rifht plan and in excellent latte. It li n era Jo lighter than the OetrlanJ, and will become more twpuljr that It, it will lie more universally read, becauo belter ndspicd to the wants of the common people. Hernia Pacific Coast production, and dealing chieity with Pacilic Coatt subjects, it will undoubtedly command the tuppoit of every liberal Citiren on tho coaM. We widi and predict fir it abundant success. Napa Kcgittcr, Wk have received the January number of the lues. TRATitu 1'ki-ss. ami find it all thai its publishers claim for it.. Many of the illustrations are really cleganl, and the articles arc Rood and pointed. This it the lint attempt of the kind on tint coast, and it deserves success, for the first number comes out full Iledc.ed, prepared with much care and great expense. Void lvmocrat. Tine number before us it a good one, contai.:"i some fifteen choice illustratioiit and a lari;e amount of excellent reading inatteri so p;ood, indeed, that we can hardly con. ceive how it can be issued in monthly numbers for llie small sum olTered. Placer Herald. Nw Maoahnic. As we go I J prest we find before ut the first number of the iLLeiTKATCit Putts. Altera casual and hasty glance at its contents, we feel confident that its ' publishers will succeed in accomplishing their object. Southern California)!, , )TwrjNTV.Blciir )ajet, emliellishej with engraving, at a low price. Some of the cngravmgt nnd oriiniia of, the letter.prest are evidently imported! but they are good, and there it nothing in the history of art and literary public cations in California to encourage the Ulicf that llie iet.es. TKATitn PmtM would live were it rnlirily v( home manu facture. Alaska Herald, ktusTKATSii Punts. A very neat and attractive month ly. 'llie publishers appreciate the fact that the tune hat not yet orris eil ss hen a first-class illustrated Journal can be sus tained on tint coast. 1 iiey propose, however, to supply what thry conceive to lie a wont on this coa.t for " pure, light and graceful literature." At present ihey depend largely for their illustrations and text upon Eastern and foreign issues, intending to increase homo and original en- Sravingt at fast us circumstance! and the encouragement lev receive will warrant. 'Hie piilJisliers are already well known on this slope at among the most enterprising of llie San Francisco publishing firms. Alameda Oaielle. liXWRATrn PnitM. We wslcome willi glad smiles to our table the first number of the iLU'sTKAirti Phku, pub lished in r-an l'ranciscoly the energetic firm tf Murray, Dewey U Co. It fill most completely the vacuum so long felt on this coast. It rncntu field for the fine am, jioetry and scfter shades of philovmhy, and will be a Krcal desidera tum in the loudoir if Hello ltlrct. Already it is filled with literary amenities. We are unable to find n single div cord. Iang may it continue to r.UJden the hearthstone. !-et ever) body subscribe fur it. It it pic-eminently fit for families. Calaveras C iluen. IlLciTRATcn Pkmj, We have received the initial num. hercfa very msely nntcd periodical with the above title. It it filled with choico reading matter and profusely illus trated a number if the mutt prcmincnt illustrations lmg tif California scenery. 1 nnityjounial. Tint initial niunlier contains a scry choice selection of reading mailer, iutersierse,l sviih svell executed engravings. It makes tho promise of Is-coming one of the stationary in stitutions of tlio coast. We are confident that while under the able management cf Messrs. Murray, Dewey ft Oi, it cannot fad. kU'STKATrn Pkfss. h it profusely Illustrated, in which respect, nnd also in its literature, it compares well with the lt of the l.astcrn publication! t.f the same class. It it worthy 1 1 sup.rt on its merits alone, and certainly none the less since it it a home production. Inyo ludrjwndrnt. Irs literature is iectilur to the Occident, ami it ol the motichatte and elevating kind. Its illuvtratiousare sujieih, itt mechanical skill unsurpassed. Alluny Democrat (Or. It-iL'tTiiAirii PkFst. This new monthly fjnnt a needed and important addition to the current literature if the Pa cific Cot, It itan elegant miscellany cf li(ht literature and ait, illustrated with choice engravings, selected from I jteru and European masterpieces. It it the declared in. tention tf the publishers to add to the attractions tf their Journal, cngravuigt In tho same style, representing Cahfor. nia scenes and subjects, at soon as they receive supjiort enough to Justify the undertaking, 'I he Putt seems de termined to establish itself on a solid and permanent latit, Ly giving itt readers the lst it can afford and more than one would think it sossiUe luafTord at the extremely low price named per annum. San llcniardino Guardian, The luuSTKAtrai I'urss, a new monthly Issued from the otnee oi the KunAt. runt ny .Murray, ucwey tt Lo., it re ceiled. As a specimen it comrares favorably with maza rines cf established reputation. It It profu-ely illustrated, and cannot fad to entertain the loverol fine art. Moreover, in low price placet it within the reach of every liouxheld. -Viulia Delta. THIS Mining and Scientific Press, Htart4 In Wti, I one of the rddest weekly Journals noss published In ban Francisco. It has la.n conducted Iiy Ita pre, lit proprietor for Ino years, duritiK which txrlod It hat lli ripcstodly o ilsrifed and constantly Improved Th attlte ami stiadfast efforts of Ita pub lisher havo nalnrd fur Its conduit an amount of prai Il eal exjierli lira ureali r than any other putillsriera havy acciimulatiil on this roast, of a wiily Journal. Tho biiiii paid by u for the best tdllorlal talent ol tslnshlo for our apeclsl class Journal, funiiKravliiK', ' for Inter stiutf new and corn sjiondetico, and fur print. Inn a Isrtto-slwl, handsome sheet, I urn quailed by that ( of anyothir Aluerliau witkly west of thu Mississippi. As a PiuirriCAL MlIu JocUNiL, II ha li u rival ou this Continent. It Is the only Mcciisnici-l, ami tho only HcttiTirio Iouriialot the PaclBo Hlate. I :ierv Mini r. Assarer. Mllluitri. and Mittllurul.t Iu the United Mate should take It. Kvtry I'scino Oast Mechanic, fritflnrer, Inveutor, Manufacturer. Professional Msn, and Progressive and Industrial HtiuUiit should patronlu Ita column of frtsh and valuable Information, Every Minimi KtivlMir, Huiwrlutcndent, Mtt.-llurgLt, Mine On in r and Mine Workir In the world should profit by It. Illustrstlon and discretions of New Machinery, Processes, IilscovirUs st-d llecord of Mlulnil hvents Every IntelllKtntlblrikrrln Die land, luhlKli or humble situation, who would avoid llti rary trash tor ittuu. Ino Information, should rlUIISCItlllC AT ONCK. DKWKY & CO., FublUber, Patent AKenta and EntrraTen 'AW Moutiiomery ttreu B. I. ITHuMmno ik-DrJcirrrmc I'ur-s. o coinmnvl It Mjwclally to the miners of Colorada. Otnter Col.) .Vosl, ThuMisiiio iuBcirmri; Pur-ss. Wo coinmnvl STATE FAIR For 187:1, nt Ha c rum onto, Commenclmi on MONDAY, the 13th, and closing on S.sTUllDAY, the 20th of September. $40,000 to l Distributed In Cash Premiums. El hlbtllon to ins divided Into seven department, and tho Soelcly'a Oold Mesial to tie awarded to tho inoet nierlto. .rlotta exhibition In rach department. Tho largist Stock J,ow ever had on lite Tactile Coaat. The most attractive Speed Programme ever offered In tho Union. The Second Annutl Exhibition of the California Vine. Orowera" Association to bo lull at the amo tluio and place. A (Irnnd Plowing Match to come oft on the ground. A Oram! Itcgatta on the river, In which the different Ilowtng Club of tho State will participate. A public Male of Thoroughbred Stock at tho Park each day of the Fair. The Central paelfio Company1 railroad and slesnt. t at will carry all article to and from tho Fair free of charge. Well, Fargo & Co.' Express will deliver all pack, age free, not weighing over twenty pounds. Applications for stills at tho Park and spaco at the Pavilion should tm mado to ltobert Deck, Secretary, at once. Membership, f 1; Single Admission, 60 centa' ....,. ... ,- R' 8' CAREY, Froaldant. ltOllKUT HECK, Secretary, WATERHOUSE & LESTER, 1MPOIITKHH OF Wagon and Carriage Ma terial, BODIES. OARRIAttE PARTS, WHEELS, AXLES, 81MUN0S AND OAUMAOK HAHDWAltE. BOI.F. AOP.NT8 FOU PACIFIC COAST FOIl OI.AHK13 Adjustable Phaeton Sunshades. THIS CAUKIAOr. UMllltr.r.TiA, ltrpreciitct In tho above cut, can Ik) readily attached hi any piraon In any oieii vehicle. It can Im adjusted to any deslrcl IIIOHT, ANOt.K Oil Dlltl'OTION Iu an Instant, la held llrinly against any storm, I transferable from nun earrlsgo to another In a few seconds, and weigh less than leu jioutid. Ir I t'lisui'tn, uoitriu ash ilsjsxntiii than a nt'iiiir Tor. It I the coolest sunshade and the only perfect pro Itelloii from storur, except the close rarrlage, PRICE FROM $10 TO $35. r Heml for prlfo list. Also Agent for Wootsey's Patent Wheels, Tho best and handsomest Whirl made, having great strength and a nno hiilsli, Theru Is no other wheel thai lis the fuetslllo Mhoiildercd batidt and II can lio repaired a easily a tho cominftii wivnd wheel. v Mend fur illustrated circular. Addns watkuiiousi: ,t iii:sTi:u, I'll nml lt!t MurV.it ritrrct, mnl ll uinl 21 Cnlifnritlit Street, Hull I'miiciitco, 17, ID and SI Hesetitli Hint I, Hacramenlo. MOORE'S NURSERY, Oor. Jones k Ohostnut 8ts., North Boach SURPLUS STUCK -or Choice Green House Plants, OlTt rwl at vr .i rot rti', iniratory turrtunt Ititf In our Ori.uii.l at Oiklaixl, 1'lM lialitft. firriiiilllliia, 4'illi. ICtikra Iinrly ljilm. I.timir'li. fsllliil 'I Writ IVjHl fi'lis. fliiim '1'ivrt. 1VH rHItitilaliri tif till KimU Ul HnakrU, 'I 'if fast l-'llll Hm SliliDSI SHEDS! vmiixiIii.i:, pi.owkii ask tiii:i: m:i:iw, aim thai. ian mi. in: hum, hi. hi: (iiiahh, iied TOP, HYK IIIIAHHr.lt, OIIIIIC AI,.'AI,1., i lied and While Clover, Mexpilt, Orchard, Timothy, lllrd Hood, r.lc. rinct as,rt.l 'llulbs, lljarltith, I'l'illipa, lliadlolus, l.lliia, tie, 1'rtllt Trees, etc., u Ihelr wawli. lltTTI lot AIIU iNVIirilTH IMSI'IUT (It'll HlllCK. K. IS. MOOUK, SoihUiiihii ol l'lorlat. ' IVt.l WllslilllUloil Nt., . NAX ril.lNs'lH. O FAIRBANKS WKIflH GRAINS .COAL.ig CI- wiVr 'PIUS lVr.Y llKTilAlILK STANDARD. 0,000 to 40,000 pounds rapacity Lenutli of platform to suit purchaser. The samo scale I used for welthlri cattle, hotf, etc. Hcale adapted to all branihtaof business. Address rWIUIIANKH k IlllTCIIINHON, M7 Market street. Agents for MILCH' AI.AltM MONIiV DltAWiMIH, a uru protection against till thieves, loViCeowbi;ui Improve Your Poultry. It Coats No Horn to Keep flood Fowla than Poor Ones 1 HKJsD HTAMP fOH IIXUHflUTED CIItCUIJ.II Containing a full description of all the Ust know u and most prontablu t owt in ino country to OEO. B. DAVIiEY, TtllTUirttiP aVtlil lira ut P gt ltlfLTuld.1 rowlt, and K. nt for the Povltut Vuiu , a monthly 1 intKallne devotnl entirely to Poultry tells liowtokwp tfjuwl fur pleasuro and PlIUt'IT, Bubstrlptlou ouly ti.4 y.i jru, Auurses OEO. II, IIAVI.KV. Boi CM, Ban Francisco. ioUI-aw bp jcmr&PSKx HAY. WMbMU ElHaAaflalV aMaxsafsHlBT 11 staaHssafsHf KwERfiHflliH -sMaflaMHEH9apHxPfnVjf UaKsHl. mm fmmmjM