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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (June 1, 1872)
WILLAMETTE- FARMER-. ,- nrTK- $ djMp ftusb'ttn'brn. The two articles following nro ex tracted from nn address dollvered in Wisconsin by Hon. Ell Stilson, and first published in tho National Live Stock Journal . IMPROVED BREEDS OF SHKKP. Tho prc&ont improved breeds of sheep present M) many points of su periority over tho stock from which th sprang, that they challongo our admiration. Some hnvc been bred with almost exclusive reference to tho production of mutton and early lambs, tho wool being considered as of secondary importance. ThoSouth downs are of this class, and the territory in which they can be grown with profit is more circumscribed than with either of tho other Im proved breeds. Tho wool is light, short, and lustreless, and deficient In felting qualities for good clothing wool, being best adapted for flannels; but this kind of sheep excel for mut ton, and the owes are good nurses, and well calculated for the raising of early lambs for market. Tho Leicester, Cotswold and Lip coin sheep all have a long lustrotis wool, peculiarly adapted for combing wool. Tho sheep are of large sire, and mature earlier Hum the Merino, but are only tolerably hardy. Thoy are f.ilr nurse-. They require good keeping, and to le constantly kept In n thriving condition, without which their wool cotts badly ; and they will thrive1 in large flocks. The demand for combing wool is good 5 and with stability in wool tariff leg islation, and good keeping and care, thoro is no apparent reason why Hie growing of combing -vvool sheep in small flocks cannot be inudo remun erative. These breed differ some what In several particulars, but nil occupy about the same7 'position' lin wool growing. Under tliomos't fav orable circumstances, they can be, made to combine wool growing with' mutton production mtecenfullyi The demand for combing wool h far greater than the supply of home grown, and with the rapid increase in its manufacture, Otero is no Im mediate danger of over production. The Merinos and their grades are strictly calculated for the production of clothing Mool of a high felting quality, flne and soft to tho touch, and of good style und tome of the' longer staple Merino wool, arej well adapted for delaines and a greafva riety of ladles1 goods, shawl", etc. For the production of mutton, the Merluo sheep are only fair, but for the production of clothing wool they stand unrlyalk'dj notwithstanding, oil the prejudices against them hat havo been fostered by those engaged in tle introduction of other breeds. There Is amply, room or alr these, improved ' breeds)- and' all of them, have unimportant place in the econ omy and ihdustrles'of thlstcouniry, and jtliecoiue iw wool grp ersJoJa- bor unitedly 'for tho future as we Imp, for the ,pa.st, to build up' the, woo and woolenjudustry pfoAtueri ca. When oiir beautiful pralrlesnnd openings Bhall JKcomo,we!l dottcdj with the stately, ShVrt-lioni und, oth or Improved breeds of rattle, and with tho Improved Merino', Cotswold,' LeH-e-tor, n)dt Lincoln 'sheep, then the artist can find our SplMidldl'andj scape-worthy of Hie bef, touches of, hlsVnCil. " ; r ' ' , Sheep iWiaoie'.lhv ffrtllltjVr the Sell.' When vverin7thl"j cpiyicc'tloii, sheep have earned nrt ni-mtired the envloti) title of thQnuimhluJtli the -.-.. 't:: ..' :. ....... , n.J out Hiwijiftwii .sit-h agriculture, uiiiL&oon lean, gaunt famino.would utnro the people oC that populous count ry.iaitho fuco, thU bo ing oufruf ihtvrhalu pillar.-, dn which, improved siEtigliUi ngtatuiturerfci! Enjrbmd'W- doiibted theiiM-oducHve power.'of Iter soU)Witl'We JaM-ceii tury. -u.WJfli thuiBcn'jaaiH4hp mini befi nrMirtyskepttftti'laWtilcft Itihrttf cr- w in thi'i'viJuiiion.QfJsniiqM other crops. Sheep and turnips, In the English order of rotation and production, form- what sheep and clover should in this country. We have ' abundant examples here of farms stocked with sheep, and rota ted with clover, corn, and wheat, producing from CO to 100 per cent, more wheat per ncro than lands con tinuously ,kcpt under the plow. When wheat wAsatlts highest price, this oxtra production of wheat on my own farm over tho unmanured lands of tho State, brought mo nearly as much money nstho wool of thMheep, which was then low in price. ' Wool-growing in Wisconsin can only be pursued for a sorles of years as mixed husbandry, ami it Is in this way that it Is of the greatest value to the' individual and to the State. Thus, whllo the products of the farm arc converted into valuable market able ' commodities, and at tho same time' enrich the' -o!l, thoy are also like an army of .scavengers, freeing the farm from weeds, and cnepurag Ingclcan tllage. Wheat, sheep, and clover go 'well togcthor. A Mnglo farm In tile county of Winnebago, has prodticoll over 10,000 bushels of wheat In hOclvc years, averaging oVcr-22 hu-liel per aero In that peri od j and the productive power of that faun Is not only unimpaired, but Is considerably more productive than at thu commencement of' that peri od, nnd Hint farm raises large quan tities of clo t r, aiuH- heavily stocked with sheep. A farm with clay soil in that county, wn old, as the own er aid, bonau he could raise no gra, and without grass he could keep no Mock, and therefore make no manure ; yet the rlrst application of twelve loads of sheep manure to tho acre rendered it so productive, that It yielded two and a half tons of clover hoy per acre, nnd twenfy-Avo dollars per acre In clover seed, tho .samo year. lus-iuisixe m vikn. IY .TQo:i'r AM.KN, ILLINOIS." Therere,ierhaps,somo bee-keep- ers who have not made tho habits of tho honey lee a .tudy. To such It will not le uninteresting to learn that tho queen Is tho only perfectly developed female In tho hive. That the workers are females but their genital organs arc not developed, ex cept In a few Instances where some of them lay egg from which drones only' are reared; but this nover oc cur except the hive becomes quoon le, Thee bees are called fertile worker-. The drones aro tho males and perform no part of tho duties or labors of the hl es, except that of fer tilizing Hip young queens, r Tho queen beo 1 tho mothor of 11 wjiolq colony or Mann. Queen rais ing Ic, therefore, a very Important subject, but boforo proceeding I will stato that thoro aro but two kinds of eggs laid by Hie qucon to ralxo the w hole colony'fmin, female anil male. 'I'hejltvt mentioned and largest num ber aje to raise workers with, or, in other" words they produce Hid worker lce.. The la-t mentioned portion which are fewer in number, are eggs from which the drones are hutched and are vailed Jhc lay father-. All the, egg that, will hatch .worker boos belngi female iu their sex;- stud tho workerrt have; imcr. to change any, Vgff of jfouialO'rii'X Into a roynl'quecii by 'preparing ulJ'-pechd cell for 'tho purpo-vntidiilacjugHiQcggfroiu'ono of itho woikencellrfln.llicToynl cell and feeding It what-ls termed loyal Jelly.' TJits royal cell differs very materially in itrf tiirt!d ranee from any Of .tho worker or common cells iu tho hive. : it look like a iainit fattened on the -hie of the comb, generally hanging erpcmHriilarly with the Sfualjcrjiiidri diw iu. It lMir usually u.UHt ytw.HiUi.Cj Hjur, tho.,,workQM !v$iMJrtfttkUM-': ijMeeiijjlht they quei'tijjWjU,, KuuvrsUyftjugi sijeo tVJ.V, UrfaftUrilflWr flXI0.: .lhirJ0LUM'.vl''tlyiAWW1l1vJKPr ihivr.1 Kt,ir.,jsd,,ilvwriiJft.ti Miung qiUM'ii nnitliiv, aUnHPrM bt Jpiarn. a fatty or creamy substance, called, as before stated, royal Jelly. But' I have yet to discover that It dltrers in any way whatever, from the food fed in common to the common worker grub. That a radical change takes place I do not deny, but from all the observations which I have made, and that, too, often with con-Iderable care, It Is my opinion that the change depends entirely upon two things; tho first 1, the different shape In which the royal cell Is made, and the material. Thl, I Mlove, Is almost all farina or pollen, which Is more commonly known as the dust ofotr m, nnd Is gathered In great quanti ties by tho worker bees and used as food .for tho young. It Is also well understood that tho eggs mu-t be transferred Into those royal cell 1k? fore they get too far advanced.ln tho grub or larvio state. A change can ' be made from any egg that would hatch a worker bee, as beforo men tioned, up to seven days old 5 nfter which ago it will not becomo a;roynl, queen. Tho head of the queen Is al ways downwards, and In about twelvo or fifteen days after the cells aro sealed over tho young queen will bo seen emerging from her prison, and going at will and pleasure over tho combs, entirely unnoticed by Hie other bees, until Mic Is fertilized by tho drone. This usually takes place ulwut four or flvodays aftqr.she Is hatched, and Is for life. About the fourth day after this fertilization takes place, tho young queen can bo seen laying eggs qulto rapidly. I havo noticed a young and vigorous queen laying at tho rate of seventeen eggs In three mlnutos, which would bolhreo hundred and forty per hour, and it is asserted that they lay as many as three thousand eggs per day, which I somewhat doubt, yet I do believe they can produco as many as fifteen hundred in twonty-four hours, when tho honey mid pollen is plentiful. Bco Martina do not, as is generally supposed, prey upon bees. They cat a few bcoSjbut for every bee eaten they de stroy a thousand injurious Insect. ItKAD the now ndvortlseraents. BREYMAN BROS., Commercial Street, third door from Moore' Corncv SnUnt, Orciod, WHOI.K9ALB AND DETAIL DKAI.Kllb IN FANCY AND STAPLE n ' DRY GOODS! CLOTHING, BOOTS. AND fSHOIOS, GROCEKIEfiL ETC. 1 1 ii i , Wu lut u now . A CompleteAisortment of ike abote named cod, aud are nrferlp tkim SXTMnikXiY XOW RATE. We alfo keeji a f ill llnej p t Carpetsj Olldlotfisi, , ., ' ' 1 '1 li'HA Matting, . ' -., Lace Curtains, Window Shades, Etc., toivhfcli we Irn-lle epll atfentlon, n we can I 1 oner uow t 1 SUPERIOR INDUCEMENTS to nuYEns," ' 1 '' ,'i : 11) I- We have also the Agency for the Sale of ,T ' j ' ' i j j 0tf9 WTY 1 v"' ' WOOLEN GOODS' 1 r.aDrt.cHitanlrl.e-p bom a full aojiply u ;."i i 'a i J '' ' ' ' '-' V)t; -: t ".BLANKETS, i 1 "it it n i ii nn a 3'ryj .;. . i . ( ViOAfUMMMMa, t i n i La lia u . i Lnwli Iu M OW.IK IIWIM,) JO) XlflM 1 1 hi Vil bfJJlt f I J . 8 ! ." 1 In . ; i . r; -JfJ nrL-ANMEXS,fa- .h .. 1 )ljfl at hJ2jiLtji i.;tJdUi-:.j, YAKUT, ETO.?'.""'. T l'l? u WardctMledto tU WiLkWri maliitfidm-er.'' t'HVinit .3flwJ)!, lorvt bna nornvt , ,moil f &ptimwmmimmwt sihiMwin.xxMsifrrvi' 3vt uo ncnttt-J TREADWELL & Co., ORICl'LTVIIAIt WAHKHOfsX, ft OKNKIUL Machinery and Supply For Farmers, Miners, Millmen. tinportirf ami Wliolmk' leakr lit Hardware, Portable Engines, MILLS, AfiiurrirrrtAi, miM.KmitNTs, Wood Working mill Imn.Worklnij MirMncry. Ml , nor KntflnoiTs' nnd MoJiinlc" Tool, 1 Mill Supnllr, rtc. etc. At the I Cornor Market mid Vrrmont tit. Old ltnn.1. 1 SAN Yil VNTISCO. ! VcbJIm. ' James F. Brown, Agent for Willamette Farmer ix kuoknk crrv BOOKSKIXKR AND DKALKR IN MAOA lnc, lVrloJIcaU, Mawppn, llookt aud Novp. Sobucrlpllon tnkon far the WU.tAMKTTK FAKMRll.tnd all Eitora liibllctlon, at Pnb llhf r'a pricci. Wlllmncttc utrcot, ccoiid door to the St. OnrUe Hotel, Kngene tSty, Orejon. Apl!. H. D. BOON, ' ' . .DXALXU IN.... BOOKS, STATIONERY 1 ' MUSIC, Periodicals, Newspapers, Wall Paper, . .. AMI .. Musical Instruments TIIK C'i:LKBUATI'.U BURDETT ORGANS ....AM) .. Hallett and OBnuton'a Pianos Alwajra on hand The iBttmrornt are KAVOIUTKH with all mnelclapi, and thli Store It the retort of all who with to tiny Ooode cheap. M av Bvovfl, Commercial rtreel, Hatem. IJ. n. autxonr. . J. BHAW. XSAXXrOUT A IKAW, 4 TTOnNRYH AT LAW, HALKM. OnEQONi J3L Ofllee oter Qnf eton1, cnnier of Hlate and l.iuvri) livrir. MwiMr. Read Physician's Certificates Below II I ? A Mott, Efficient and Pleasant Ton. and.wUolMniiK Uil Hi rood. jiid h lii"i ; 1 unlrtraalaatuiwtloii wlwrenr tried. Tljon,1 iivIiikIui rte'A4 htm for lin cura n all ) !i!7.Tl lb. UooTtnd TlT.r, aad Irr.fUl.ritlM of j -'itrh.1V.lT" " Oon.tlp.lloa fJ.r.l I laeibawlM ol lb. rUra. 1 1, J X I. Ilitl.i li. I.n arr.Mhttlr mc1 ind r. w.mnMd Hill" fUitHMtiuWnrlaaUthaatuT. um. .. . TRTiriOATEfl, llwcv II. Emtuk 4 t'ol j ., . (liiuUmni I uV.ivurlrit,lliiarlhf sr' W to ftn wf.h lha crtl,JllJ JJI1 aM n; i "oltli. Mmj'U ol roor Ikl7 Bitten. whK-hioa """''''"tflrfi.A.fo m n Our o nTTt Bojrrtui.S.o Irindeod.) rhllr.rVliillr atamln.d Dr llealei IX ti ruil.i.. and li. UiUdtu 'i''fttl''f';f"iUc.,, , ...JdlaUr. area th. ao4 dellcxe tvntUiiMo. j I rum lb. coBiuo-iuoii ol Uij liJ a ;'. r?.le?tat'arv rVow .,,, ' AMt Ufa. rtoeteuut AtP . , Mi J f- rari Aaaairu Office ij. -'fj y SBttSJaavhKi "HT.ri-.-u sr. Aifln iaul Bnri-tLpi..'.i MTemaaai 'on ml ,Mr ULlMlur.. and, . nly Ira d.l.terieaa.aaiaeral. KWHwii'ji. L. ... H ' I Sf WWW rylrjv,ni.i. 'wnf. . . bfTKTtr'Wutui.KroMth.loprnohbottU.. Btae'aTMMSalAeaieSMMtiU BM' ( - -IOaOM A lxn,ltW,iaktl.iiTt lur ' WKKKKtSk BssVBsmBflEi sr '' IValVBBRl a & PHhYBbbbbS g 5 M V m mm 9 iMmA BMjQaSau I M BBBBvBBBBBBBBBBBBfanwBBfii iu ski. i. tebmiM il naHmiwr"'T-i h KiaWWBa&iaTBM..- "T Z.7T.TT-- -V UZT- -.- uHt r.BI1IK , iVtfS&z&sa K i v. .; jia .., t SIMETII1B Iff SIAClIIGdAST ! BOSWELL'8 " Standard Fruit Dryer, M SM ., Q Iron Beater, Bread Raiser, Dairy Heater, Ao., COMMIINEl): t POSITIVELY THE MOST riiOFITAUm and meful Inrcntlon of the gt, combining cheap. neea, durability and economy, an I can be applied to a greater tarlrtr of pnrpo'ee than any other ma. chlnocxtaut. As a Fruit Dryer, It alau U unnta .-(I, and It ncknowledged by aclen tlflcmeutu cuiiliiln the only truu prluclrWa for, ilrln fnilf ar j i, ro elmp'e In contniftfnn that a mrro rhl'd at o&o undenitanda and rpetatra It. As a Hoom Heater, Thi l'r'.r i i. (jllmlor .onrcutmti tho hiat, Ignltra th cation, and produce more heat than uny older known duilce.vihlch, being dlttrlbiitod u.tj viuvi nuwnu t.i.iiv.', iiuiu,, uitii in,,iiuiitini lir th- wrfuratnl hM-lit In ilor.blo enrnntii of hot air, via hut two, tune, or even four rootna (If prnpjnrronncciK.il i'ii iee nici man any one 01 (ha miiio roc'iM tin be licttod to the tamo temper of Mure h) at) fm,' .r hi'iitlnj; appurntjn In uo, while nt ttuMme'tnit ltdeelanyeall nmlouagaa i'p, cautlng a pkiwml i.nl liutllfiy atmotnhero and eren irmprrawir' inrojjno-ii an ino apanmeniF, In the uaimir I line, wlitlj boiling the tea-kittle, making toA.t,t,nttn Ironr, Ac , by a tngle valr thotecnrreiitt of hat are turned Into the outtlde Hue, ahd t.'m heat t t'arcily felt In the loom. As a Clothes Dryer, IT IIAHNOCOMIRTITOrt,andwhereerhnnwB I balled with uclljtht by the ladle., a. Ihojjrealflt labor taking luventlon f tho age. In Lumber Drying, The principle of thl Invention, a apjdlel, are Inralnablii and without competition. MILLINKIt", UAKKItN. CKlAlt MANUFACTU KKHfl AND OTHKIIS Will nd It greatly lo their adranUgj lo ace tble machlae end Invct tlgatt lla property t. Wu could pub'.Uh columna of te.tliaeaUle ftoaa thebett cttlrcna of Ohio, Indiana, Illlnola. MIchT gap, Iowa, and other Htatet, of It. ttiporlortty ore any Intention of tho agrjmt aa the machlae mut tend on lit own MKRlTrt, It mnet he teen In op eration to be f ally appnclated. tfAllM BUS, imi.Nd MllK l.VMIIJtl TO tkK T'll , Boswell Heater and Dryer. It It exactly what you w ant and neeJ. regardleo of any dry houee or Lllu )iu iiuy noit hate. We do not atk )mi toti'iyn rnmpllratlon of patent right, merely from au examination of moduli but come and tee the rail eled mtchliu' perfenn U wnrktarepreteated. . Putdle Hall I uiro i. no iiwciurxj iioiim', vimrcii, rrminar. lall, Hotel or tle.tanrant, towiiten ttlt bm cbiuq ii uoi .ppuiauiv. u.riui aim initiwiv. x 1 Ladle and gi'DlleiOFD. you are ntiieetfulli tnrl ted to call and exemluu the machine for jouritlw , for It It Impoetlble In a ehort advertl'i'iiu'nt tnenu morale au the good qnalttli't of thli truly wonder, fill, yet tlrnple, AMILY K1IIKN 11, tfT" Bercn claluit are tecurinl Ik ItlUlf pa'coi. which placet It beyond tho rwh of n rlml. The anbtcrlber, having iurclm.il ihi etrkflv rlijht fur the Htntu of On gun, 1. nuu loaaufavturing them for tale, on Htate Htrett. In Halcin, where a iarU:ty of tlilet and a machlnv In opera I Ion can be teen at any time. joncAim, Opiioli(IIII, htul A pi , liouk ttore, i Nnril tt. ' j T r Salem, Oregon. T " " -t r -' if; Willamette Univeriity, SAXaBM, OMfOX. milKOlhlKRTANIILAlltlKtiTINCOIII'OJtAl. M.X ed Ncbool In Oregon, L'liittlcal, t'ommerelal. Normal. nail Hrleptiai Coiirtitor hludi. , IV full Information, addri.t tho l'rrnldeiil, T. Mt CUtcm, ... u'lri i.i.v Hep. S, mi 1 i Hicrctarj- Hoanl of Trnuc, I Ayer's. Sarsaparilla, A rmulfliii'llnftnw. Itnreulpiiblli Untlnx Aymi'p rMimiMui.L.1 intke. H)ltlieeiireol i;ri(, lit, complaint., wlilrli are alii iji afflict lug (Ml li" villi) fata). It I'urlih. ilio UixmI puige. out thai liirklnj liiiiniirt Iu l.o Mttcm. MhWhniMlirtnlne health niidiiiitlld Into.lrmiblrt- miiiw iii'iinn'm. rrnp llont'orilietkln arvtlic aimeirtnce on the un . .1. . , . fv.. : fit u ofihumora that tlioiitdfx extMlli-d Iron the MuhI Iutcri al dvranciniillr SK. tlwjMirmliM tliti f Ihete tame nuinnf In "ine liiti rml orcan Wjorgan, li.aclloiiJlny,4niiia d uhM euliiiaiKro the)'illeao Bfilrfellioi'. Arriftrjavi AfAJili t ejitlt ihefo hiimof Jroin ili";Wooil Whin they are Lone, the il),"rli'. 'hey, prodnci dltaptioarkueb uj'icrratio'it r -!. Aof tifiWtXl! ttkin.k? AnlfoKi'i rrt.-H4l nr'Kry TVtttraM Jill Ithium Vrf lUmt. ttMtpwtiXI trt and tow JtSnmtH-f. y&tvtiln.hjtn ItiU Jlunll. hiill.tlnd Jtaii, htliuVt Wfiliit'f, A'(iiy. Jsurra aHA'Jil ihUiMl iAniM'vu UHnnvl lltHtll.' WIthJthelril'Trirfiire'hftilliV' V'rvfi 'tiifyrrvtwif) torn inri -r;irV.i'tavi,)!liUili'!it,'V?. ai Un M 7aayg E. BrBBMsV sSsaiaSV' d ,o df$ Wxf.r. 'ir'yi'VV.,t,1La ft km tl ' 'itiHtnalfi ti'4i:i