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Sntam. Snfnrdiiy, April 27.
RIBKKl'-A I'OSHIDLK KMKIMJHXCY.
Niw hero Isun encouraging record
for the young inon who nro to pat
tern after tho old men. Where Is
tin millenary to China, and tho
Sunday School teacher?.
Tho representative from one of the
counties east of tho mountains Iiuh
been taken hy tho ears liy his party
nud made to explain howhocamoin
possession of a chock for $3,0(10 while
In the Legislature, lie admitted
that ho did draw the cheek f.ir $15,000,
hut nut for himself. II was handed
to him in a .sealed envelope, to he
paid to those partisans who had to
le bought into tho party caucus for
IJ. H. Senator.
This Is a little new light on hrlhe
ry, mid we are glad It has heen ex
posed. Hut no one here, who is ac
quainted with the circumstances of
the pisl four years, doubts fora min
ute that (his individual went away
from S.ilem heavily laden with the
" Duke's" money.
There N not the least douht hut
that, if justice had been meted out
to the money lords In this Stale and
their corrupt tools in tin Legislature
who steal the people's right, as It Is
to tint poor devils who Meal hor-es,
tho penitentiary would contain n
much larger population than il now
does.
Wn commend the following appro
priate remarks on this Miliject, from
the I'lrijlc Christian Advocate, lo the
attention of every friend of Oregon:
"llillicry Isju-tly I'ouili'iuiusl by all
true patriots, of lilliinlinlril ami lion
entitle men. It IsglWngn man iiniuc.t
Incccluiugc forhhciiuvletloUMofwhtil
is light anil Just. The man who give-
lio less tlnill lie wlm loeclvcsa eolislil
elation thus for hi- convictions ul
rluht Is impiiiielpleil, anil Is mi fnv mi
worthy I lie lospcot nf his fellow-beings.
We are on the eve nf anothei
election. In this Stale, llieie wll.
doubtless In- fiiunil men uupiinelpleo
I'Moagh to unilcilalic to liny up vote
with money, for men unprincipled
enough lo xell their volen for the miiuc.
Money Is n mighty Instrument I'm
good In the hniulsnl uiilile mimleil ami
lieiievolelil persons ; lull when ill (In
possession of i--l ll-il, Minliil ami mi
jirlnciplcil men, it h used for brllierj
amlcoriiiptloii, il lnvuiiics no lc i pn
tenl furevil. We hope (he coming
election will from its luciplcucy In
chnraclciicil liy puiity ami Justice,
ami that all those ulin ntteiupl to
make merchandise out of the piincl
plesof others will iceclve the oilluiu
(heyJiiHlly ile-eive."
There is a contingency that may
arise to -ettlo this mailer of lulbci.v
and corruption. History repeats It
Mlf, and wie men ought to learn
from its teachings to guard against
evils visiting the people the second
time. California mi He red long, as
Oregon Is now doing, under the con
trol of a hct of thieves, cut-throats,
murderers, ballot-box MuH'crs, cor
rupt Judges and Juries, and every
class of roughs that allllct society. -Men
were assassinated in open day
In tho streets of San Francisco, and
the assassins went unpunished. The
jioople's votes were tampered with,
and other men t levied to ofhYe than
the people had chosen. Ilrihery
was the great order of the day, and
Judge, Jury, and almost all men in
power walked the Mreeto as corrupt
as tho minions of BccUohuh, With
a condition of things much woe
than wo have described, the people,
In IS5U, recognizing tho old Human
maxim that "tho safety of tho jrhi
plo Is the supremo law," organized
11 vigilance committee, to rid them
selves, of tho Intolerable Injustice
and corruption In their midst. The
sequel wo all know, and we know
the State Is now comparatively freo
from the evIU which then atlllctcd it.
lias Oregon got to (ms.s through
tho dark and dismal days ot a vlgl
to protect their lives and homes.
Kathor than hco our legislators
bought and Hold ; our elections car
ried contrary to tho will of tho pco
plo ; tho rights of citizens sacrificed,
and tho people taxed to enrich mo
nopolies in railroads and stcamloats,
and in carrying out divers swindles;
the young pcoplo of our State grow
up with an education that perjury is
tho highest aim of our public men,
wo prefer to return to tho "puck
saddle period " and sec every foot of
railway torn up, and every oak tree
in tho valley ornamented with mo
nopolists and their agents.
If the game once opens, many
men In this State who only tax their
brains in devising means to (legally)
swindle tho honest laborer of his
earnings, will have to hunt some
ilimato more congenial to their call
ing. Where our Garden Scrd Come From.
Few persons are probably aware
that tho United States do not supply
our hoine demand for garden heeds.
Oregon not only imports fotir-llftlis
of the garden heeds planted in the
State, but tho Atlantic States are
largo con-unicrs of foreign seeds,
iniM)rted principally from France,
Belgium, and (lermany, and to the
extent of .it least half the seeds
planted. Is this not simply ridicu
lous? Here is a country which can
supply the world with an enormous
surplus of grain and Hour, and yet
we H'lul aliroad over one million
dollars annually for seeds lo plant our
gardens, which million dollars ought
to he kept at home.
It Is the almost universal opinion
among gardeners and grain grower
that a change of heed is nece .iry
occa-ioiially, (o keep the .-ceil from
"running out," as it Is expres-ed.
Now what are the facts with regard
to tin cultivation of .-ceils by the for
eigners we purcha-e of'.' They cul
tivate the .-.inn .-ceil on tho same
ground year ulteryoar. Tney novel
-end to us for a change of heed, or foi
anything imle-s it is a new variety
And in-tond nf deteriorating in qual
ity, tholrsccds are generally improv
ing. I'nl by their method, they lie
Mow more care in cultivation. They
il ways .-elect (lie large-t and heavie-'
-ceils for planting, carefully winnow
ing out the llghle.-t and iuferioi
-ceils. The iudiscriiiiiuategathering
of all heeds is never practiced
by the hclentitle and Micco.-.-ful cultl
ator. I.Ike begets like, holds good
In the vegetable as well as in the an
imal kingdoms. If wo always .-elect
the large-t, llucM and most perfect
animals for breeding purpo-cs, we
will always have the best hpecimen-
of any breed. And mi In nlantinir
-cod. If we how and plant nothing
but the best -ccd, wo may expect to
have, other things being provided
for the micccs.su.iI growth of the
plant, the be.-t re.-ults of the heed.
" Si.oi'i'Kl) OVKU." The Corvalll
(lazette "Mops over" very badl,
when it says " the railroad has dou
bled the price of wheat, hy giving
direct shipment from Oregon, in
stead of heading It to San Krancl-co,
and by enabling the farmer to put It
Into market In the dry hoason, and
before the Ixiats could take It."
Conundrum : Did the Oregon rail
road double tho price of wheat in
San Kraucl-eo anil F.uropo '.'
Another: If the railroad doubled
the price of wheat in Oregon last
fall, why didn't it keepltho?
The price of wheat Is hubject to
III! Illllllllllil III11I Willi IMIIII JtlljlitV IF. tit a.
" "-u.j vnn-x iii TAXATION. .Mrs. DuillWliy colli
Molluday had on it was to nd-e the i.i.iiiw i,.h... v.., v,i..,i,..- n,.,( v.
price of transportation. ca aro ,,,,,,, , Portland, 7 mills lie-
e are now ready to hear Mime ,,K the levy made In that city. We
one give Uolladay credit for tho tlilnk ourMstor ought tube huppv
high price of wool In Oregon. Thovhon she learns that In Salem we
llttlMin will prolulily .speak llrst, but m:0 s mills tax for eltv, and aj
who .seaks next'.' , mills forschool purposes. This, with
Communication, Ktu. - Persons . ll ,ov.v of 20 or 25 mills for county
will nlease send communications In- l'n-c.s, ami . uim- ro;m lax, win
OUR CIT OF COFFKE.
Karmers generally aro cotreodrlnk
ers. It Is a tonic stimulant well hult
cd to their labors and life; and in
furmer'H daughter hliould consider
herself ready to got married until
she can make ii cup of coffee of the
highest excellence. There are sov
eral varieties of coffee. "Itlo,"
raised In South America, is tho
chcapestand the poorest. " Mocha,"
raised In Arabla.ls the highest priced
and tho best llavorcd. "Costa Ri
ca," is n very good variety, and costa
nllttlc more generally than "Itlo."
" Java " Is the best generally kept on
sale in our stores. Uut the very best
variety may lie spoiled by negligence
or ignorance In preparing It ; while
very good coffoo may bo nrndo from
tlio'poorcst variety by careful treat
ment. The old bachelor editor of this
paper can make good enflee-ho doubts
verv much whether ho has many
superiors In the coneo making line.
His plan Is to take tho green berries,
parch them slowly until they become
such a dark brown as to break readi
ly between tho teeth, stirring fre
queny, to have every grain parched
alike, but never -corcliing to black
ness or "sweating "u single one of
them. Grind tho berries to coar-e
powder. Put Into your coneo pot u
table .spoon level full of the ground
coffee for each cupful you want to
drink, then break an egg in the
ground concc, thoroughly mixing it
with the dry powder until you have
made the whole into a thick paste.
Then pour In a large cupful of cold or
lukewarm water for each spoonful of
ground codec and one cupful for
waste, hot one the .stove and boll
-lowly for half nn hour If you want
It hitter boll longer. Dre.-s the hot cof
fee on the table with genuine cream ;
none of your.-kim-milk In ours ami
is you drink this down, a beverage
lit for tho gods, you will wonder
I low it was ever found out that this
coll'eo beau was good to u-e In this
y. Well, we win ten you.
Toward the middle of the fifteenth
century, a poor Arab was traveling
through A by. liila,auil finding him
self weak and weary from fatigue,
ho Mopped near a grove. Then, be
ing In want of fuel to cook Ills rice,
he cut down a tree which happened
tobecovered with dead hurries. Ills
meal being cooked and eaten, the
traveler di-covered that the half
burned berries were very fragrant.
He collected n number of thc.se, and
on crushing them with a Mono dis
covered that the aroma increased to
i great extent. While wondering
about this he accidentally let fall (lie
pounded berries into a can which
contained his scanty .supply of
water; and l.o ! what a miracle!
The almost putrid liquid was Instant
ly purltled. lie brought It to hi
lips ; it was fre.sh and agreeable, and
-non the traveler's energy and
strength returned so he could go on
his Journey. The lucky Arab gath
ered as many berries as he could,
and having arrived at Aidou, in
Anthhi, he informed thoCioveruorol
his discovery. That worthy was an
litvotentto opium Hunker, and had
been suffering for years from tho in
fluence of that poisonous drug. He
tried an infusion of the roasted ber
ries, and was .-o delighted at the re
covery of his own strength and vigor,
that in gratitude tothotrco he called
it Cahuah, which In the Antbic lan
guage, signifies force. And that is
the way in which coffee wis discovered.
UOLLADAY ASD HIS MONOPOLY.
"
MAHION. April 20, 1872,
Ed. Pakmkk : By seeing my namo
i.i... ..mi m'III nt niwo rcenmil7.elII0
as an old and constant supporter of
flm I-'AUMEH. I llllVO filVOrCCI H lor
different reasons, but tho main ono
is that it is sho farmers' paper, and
in It they can. In every number, re
ceive practical and u-eful informa
tion, on different subjects, In which
a....! .-. ..wwt vltnllv Interested, and
enablo them to keep pace with their
friends in tlio older aim more uunau
ly populated portions of the world,
and bo tho better able to develope
our resources, and demonstnito to
the outside world that wo are not
inferior, in point of agricultural re
sources at least, to any other State In
tho Union, or any other country In
tho world. Anil whilst I luivo fa-
viinwl llm KAItMIMt. I llllVO lit tllO
s ime time been a warm advocato of
railroads. And as Ben Uolladay Is
tho only man that has over practi
cally attempted to build rallroaits in
Oregon, I may say, I have, In my
weak way, iicen a supiiorier in mi
schemes. Wo are all bound to au
inlr flint bad it not been for Ben
Uolladay wo would have no railroads
in Oregon to-day: and whilst some
are opposed to them, I think that
nlnoty-nlno out of every hundred of
tho fanners of Oregon will ndpiit
that they have been directly bene
fitted by them. I don't usk every
body to get stuck after Ben Uolla
day, and go to him when they die,
but I am In favor of giving tho dovll
his due. Of cotirso he expects to
make money out of his enterprises,
and I, for one, hope lie will ; for if
Ills roads poy largo dividends, that
fact itself will invito competition;
ami other ambitious and euterpris
Iiil' canltallsts may find It to their
interest to build railroads, and give
us more, and ncrhuiHchcancr, means
or transportation tiiati we now nave.
Tiiero is eoriainiv plenty 01 room
left in this valley for more roads than
wo have yet got ; and If tho present
ones pay largely, others will un
doubtedly be bulit. I don't see what
irood can bo accomnlished by nreju-
cing tho fanners against Mr. Jlolla
day, for certainly things are no wor.so
t hail they were before lie came to
Oregon. If lie has done us no good,
he certainly has done us no harm.
My opinion is, if Hie farmers and
laud-owners would put our waste
lands Into cultivation, and raise more
wheat, oats, hay, potatoes, roots,
cattle, hogs, horses, iVe., tVc, that we
would not long bo complaining of
nen Jioiiaiiay'h monopoly, wiuil do
you say? Yours, truly,
J. M. Johns.
What do we say ? We will tell
you. Tills "saluting" of Ben llol
ladayasan Oregon railroad builder
is all nonsense. The building of a
railroad in this valley was only a
question of time. Mr. Elliott came
here and initiated all that Mr. Holla
day lias carried out. Mr. Klliott let
Mr. Holladay into tho railroad witli
him, and Holladay let Klliott out.
We do not oppo-e railroads, nei
ther do wo wish to create any undue
prejudice against Mr. Holladay. On
the contrary, we would do all in our
power to encounigo Mich enterprises
in every direction, and would allow
Mr. Holladay or any one else a very
liberal income on his investment.
But hero we stop. Nothing further
than tills is he entitled to. lit-on-
pone hi monopoly of (he earrylny
trmle ui (he II illumette valley.
Now, as to competition being in
vited in cu.o tho railroad paysnrjr
dividends, It is an argument after
Ben Holladiiy's own heart, and we
will hiiggcst to Mr. Johns how tho
matter can lie made it complete suc
cess. Mr. Johns Is a merchant at
Marion ; his store and property are
worth perhaps $15,000; let him glvo
Mr. Holhtday's railroad ono half of
his possessions ; and then use his
influence with his farmer friends to
make Mr. II. a deed for ono half of
their property. This will make the
railroad pay big, and will invito cap
italists from abroad to conio here
and build another road, in ca-o they
can get tho oilier half of Mr. Johns'
and his farmer friends' property.
It will ultimately bo very .-evere on
Mr. J. and the farmers, but it Is a
fair application of our correspond
ent's logic. Mr. Holladay doesn't
want anything better, and if not
WAS TIIK LEGISLATURE BBIBBdT
Tho printed evidence or Mr. H0i
iaday in tho suit of Elliott vs. Holla!
day, is voluminous, and affords somo
rich ldeasi Tho attorney for tno
plaintiff wanted to know what mo
ney had been spent by Mr. Holladay
for objects outside tho "expenses of
the road." After n great deal of
evasion, this Is his nnswer :
" I ilo not know ; we may mvp Cx.
ponded let mo see there hat ben.
Home money expended in (he Lenilla
lure of Oreyon, and some in Wat,
inyton." '
This was going too far for tho
nerves of Mr. McAllister, (Holla
day's attorney,) because ho know
little more of such ovldenco would
send his client to the penitentiary
and ho quickly corrected Mr. Holla!
day's evidence with this remark :
" I-obbylng, you mean ; not in 'the
Legislature."
And tho mild-mauuorcd man, Ben
responded, " Yes, sir." '
It Is known that monoy was used
to bribe members of tho Legislature
and wo wish to propound this conun!
drum to somo legal gentleman : If It
should ho proven, on investigation
that Mr. Holladay furnished tho
money to buy tlioso men, would ho
not bo liable to an Indictment for
perjury, after swearing that no mo
ney had been used in tho Legisla
ture ?
WKALTU AND TAXATION.
Tho census of 1870 shows tho pres
ent distribution of wealth and taxa
tion among tho States and the peo
ple. Wo cannot give tho list for
each State, hut only the extremes.
New York Is the richest State In tho
Union, and has $1-18:1.20 for each per
son ; wlilio Texas Is the poorest State,
having only Slfll.fJO for each person.
Oregon lias $f07.00 for each person,
which isalittlo below the average.
The Southern States are nil poor, and
go to tho bottom of the list.
In taxation, Nevada heads tho list
in expense, being $10.00 for each per
son, while Texas is again at tho Iwt
torn, paying only S1.J18 for each per
son. Texas Illustrates tho scripture,
"to whom little has been given, lit
tle will be required." Tho taxes for
each person in Oregon is $fl.!W, being
below the average. The rate of tax
ation on each one thousand dollars of
property, stands ns follows : Nevada
is the highest, being $2G..1I; whllo
Delaware Is tho lowest, being only
$ l.i0. Little Delaware has tbercforo
the cheapest and most economical
government In tho Union, while Ne
vada has tho most expensive. Ore
gon pays $11.20 on tho thousand dol
lars, which Is a little nbovo the aver
age in all tho States. These aro tho
rates on actual values,uot the iis-essed
values.
Anotiikk Diiitv Thick. Tho in
dividual who .superintends tho pas
senger travel on the railroad Is wlso
(?) beyond his day and generation;
and Is now charged with a trick somo
meaner than that perpetrated on tho
school children of Salem about n year
ago. After Inducing tho Odd Fellows
of rortlanil and tho towns along
tlio railroad lino to resolve to havo
a union picnic on tho 20th itiit., at
Aurora, that individual placed tho
charges for n special train from Port
land to Aurora, twenty-five miles, at
such an exorbitant figure that thoso
Interested felt forced to declino it.
The liberality of the railroad compa
ny will bo better understood when
wo state that tho tormB were $525 for
two passenger and seven freight cars,
the company to havo all over that
amount that might bo made by the
train. Tho expenses of running
special train from Portland toAuror
and back would not proouoiy iiavo
exceeded $100.
Latk Kosb Potatoes;. Mr. T. L.
Davidson has received one pound of
this new variety of potato, and prom-
Una in tv.iui.-f in 11.4 tllO reSlllt Of Ills
lance committee, to freo herself from u.(um for, nll( ,,u loiters on business Im anything but agreeable to us up soon checked will have things in ! experience with it. It is claimed by
tho cesspool of corruption that now coiiiuote.l with. tlieRvitMim. direct to re. "Something rotten in the very nearly that shape before he! ! nriln.iinr that It Is tho most
lies festering In her very midst, and tho nublUhor. We make thin reoueM . strtt, r Denmark." Another year 'stops. 'prolific potato known, and equals
which Is growing greater everyday? for the reason that many corrcMwiiil- r two of Mich taxation, and there
Wo deprecate and abhor la wlesHiess, cuts semi their letters to MaJ. S. Fran-1 will not bo a man of any means re
but we have a greater deprecation oln.at Portland. HUiMltoritil duties on 'main In the city who can sell nnd
and abhorrence for a state of society the paper censed kohio time uco, nud get to some other locality. Wo re- of Portland,
that forces that lawlessness upon the the re-nialllng of tho letter to us pent our quostion of some weeks ago: 'been In very
people as a matter of M'lf-protoctlon, caiies him MiineoonslileroUlo trouble. Have we a Bo-s Tweed among us? last State Fair.
iMi'imvixo. We are pleaed to
learn that the health nf MaJ. Francis,
any variety for the table.
TiiKA'orMtrtoviowie wants to
1 NU-nllnuv-il liv n lllonODOl.V. W
is ininmvluir. Ho has i.nr, t rw., i.Ma to swallow a
feeble health since the monopoly. Won't that bo better for
I tho poplo ?
SS
EdgsaMt-.'gBggajgws