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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 21, 1951)
Red Cross Check Of POWs Offered Gen. Ridgway PANMTJNJON. Kerea, Friday. Dee, 21-PV-Tbe U. N. todsr agreed te withdraw f Nertk Kerea in event ef an armistice. - - iim allied concession was made at a meeting af staff officers wba were banded the task ef seeking a break In the 25-day dead lack an haw fa peUee aa armistice. MUNSAN. Korea, Friday, Dec 21-VPhGen. Matthew B. Ridgway today appealed to the top communist commanders in Korea to open the gates of red prisoner ox war camps 10 ine iniernauonau nea wross. Xba reds disclosed Tuesday tpcd crocs U. S. Newt and World Report in its current issue summarizes the results of its sleuthing on the Eisenhower candidacy for presi dent. The net result of its probing is that the general has made it clear to the democrats who came offering him the presidency on a planter (or at least the democratic nomination) that he wasn't a dem ocrat and could not accept their tenders. Also that Eisenhower will let his name go on the primary ballot in New Hampshire and will declare himself a republican, and that he has assured his backers that he will not let them down if a nomination is offered him. The magazine did some detective work on the Arthur Krock story that the president and Ike had talked the matter over at their White house luncheon and that Ike then and there rejected the preferred democratic crown. It identifies Krock's source as Justice Douglas; but arrives at its conclusion that Douglas was mistaken, that it was other democratic bigwigs, not the president, who conversed on the subject with Ike. All this adds up to the conclu sion which has been pretty much public. In fact Ike now can hardly repudiate his sponsors who go about the country breathing every assurance that the general will be a candidate for the GOP nomina tion. If he should withdraw his name from the New Hampshire primary his candidacy would col lapse like a punctured balloon. The real question though is. what kind of a candidate will he be? The nomination isn't going to hunt him up. Nor will it come if Ike admits (Continued on Editorial Page, 4.) Pork -Siipply DroD Forecast Jl WASHINGTON, Dec. 20 -JP)-The government today forecast a 9 per cent reduction in next spring's pig crop, virtually dashing previous hopes of a larger supply of meats in butcher shops next year. It also may mean noticeably higher meat prices, on the average. A larger quantity of beef is ex pected, but it will be offset by a reduction in pork if farmers carry out present hog production plans. This year's meat supply has been estimated at an average of about 141 pounds for each person. Of ficials had hoped for an average of around 145 pounds next year. Responsibility for the prospec tive reduction in pig production rests largely with a dwindling sup ply of corn and other livestock feeds. Prices of corn have advanc ed to the point where many farm ers see little money in feeding it to hogs. Greece Wins Council Spot PARIS, Dec. 2(MJP-The Unit ed Nations handed two defeats to the Soviet bloc today. Greece de feated white Russia for a seat in the U. N. security council. And over bitter Russian protests the general assembly named a five nation commission to investigate tha possibility of free all-German elections. Victory for Greece came in a record-breaking 19th ballot in the assembly. Tha final vote was 39 for Gree ce to 18 for white Russia. Four countries abstained and South Af rica was absent. Animal Crackora By WARREN COOOR1CH "1 Htrnk keep acao ol today He's aot perafure. Era5 Makes Request frem all Islands a TMULjeeasta tney ooia u,oov aiuea prisoners in cluding 3.198 Americans. The supreme allied commander In a broadcast message said he bad no other considerations in mind than the welfare of these men and the distress of their families.' "I earnestly request," he added, "that you; secure immediate au thorization for entrance of the duly accredited representatives of the international committee of the Red Cross who are now standing by, ready; to provide you with their assistance. Urged Reconsideration Ridgway noted that the commu nists had rejected previous re quests. He urged them to recon sider so that Red Cross represent atives could bring "physical ana moral assistance" to allied pris oners. The message was addressed tg North Korean Premier Kim fl Sung and the Chinese commander in Korea, Gen. Peng Teh-Hual. Even before the appeal went out, the allies had completed plans for the air evacuation to Japan after an armistice of the 4,417 listed U. N. prisoners other than South Koreans. Allied staff officers today work ed doggedly for a break in the snarled Korean truce talks which would pave the way for an arm istice. Analyse POW Lists The exchange of prisoners and details of delivery to their own lines remain to be worked out in the truce talks. The allied sub committee on prisoners still was analyzing the communist list. It planned no more meetings with the reds until this job was done. Meanwhile, allied staff offices were given the green light to go ahead again this afternoon in their talks seeking a solution of truce supervision issues. The subcommittee handling this promblem turned it over to lower rank officials and cancelled a scheduled meeting this afternoon to give the staff officers more time on the matter. Request Postponement The staff officers themselves re quested the postponement of the subcommittee meeting. The truce supervision issue is snarled over methods of policing an armistice and limitations on military buildup. The communists dropped a hint Thursday they "might consider" swapping concessions to the U. N. on rotation and re-stocking equip ment in return for an allied with drawal from three other U. N. de mands. An official release from the U. N. advance headquarters said the reds wanted the allies to accept: 1. Red demands to construct and repair airfields. 2. Inspections by neutral teams behind the lines at limited ports of entry only. 3. Elimination of a proposal for aerial observation by inspection teams. Maj. Gen. Howard M. Turner, chief allied sub-delegate on truce supervision, gave a curt "no" to the red suggestion for a swap. Superforts Blast at Reds SEOUL, Korea, Friday, Dec. 21-(JP)-U. S. superfortresses blasted a communist airfield deep in North Korea and dropped deadly air bursting bombs along the front lines Thursday night without op position from communist fighters. The Far East air forces announ ced six Br 29s dropped 60 tons of high explosives on the communist airifield at Sinanju and met only meager anti-aircraft fire. Six other superforts from Ok inawa attacked red troop concen trations and ground installations along the front. The bomber raid followed a slashing daylight raid by F-80 Shooting Stars which knocked out a complex of nine locomotive re pair shops east of Pyongyang, the North Korean capital. U. S. Sabre jet fighters swept north again but failed to sight a single red plane over MIG alley of northwest Korea. On the ground, a trapped allied raiding party fought its way back to safety before dawn yesterday with the help of U. N. artillery and mortar fire. Cops on Trail Cooled at End BILLINGS, Mont., Dec. 2HP Detective George Cunningham and a colleague braved sub-zero winds and snow today to investigate a report of robbery. They found tracks in the snow but here it is, right from Cunning ham's' report: "We took this track and fol lowed it all around the Graham Lumber company. The Scoop, The Angle Inn, the Centray Grocery and the Hoy Service court, hav ing considerable trouble keeping on the trail where it crossed streets and went up alleys. "The tracks led to several back doors of residences as if the bur glar were casing the places. The tracks finally led west up an alley, and we caught up with the man in the alley between Sixth Street West and Seventh Street West. We were in a low degree of being frozen. "It was tha water meter man." 101st YEAR 2 SECTIONS 24 PAGES Saint Nick v:. ; L-. i - i s - ; ' "Wen hi there. 111 antel." says Saint Nick at his JoLUest best Thursday dnrina a Parrish Junior hirh school Christmas party, sponsored by the Girls' league. Behind the whiskers Is teacher Robert Voigt and under the halo is pupil Diane Emigh, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George Emigh, 1220 Chemeketa si. POW Lists Complete; No Oregon Servicemen Among Final Group WASHINGTON, Dec. 20-UrVThe pentagon virtually wound up tonight its massive task of telling American families who was on the Communist list of prisoners of war in Korea. To thousands the news was the best Christmas present ever. "To Draft Boards To Re-Examine 300,000 Men WASHINGTON, Dec. 20 - (JP) Local draft boards will begin next month to re-examine an estimated 300,000 men who previously failed to meet mental standards for mili tary service. Announcing this today, Director Lewis B. Hershey of selective service, said approximately 25,000 will be called up for re-examination each month at the armed forces examining centers. They will be sandwiched in between examinations of men sent there with a 1-A rating by draft boards. Congress lowered the minimum mental standards in 1931 amend ments to the draft law. Hershey said armed forces doc tors examined 1,828,000 men be tween July 1950 and November 1951, and rejected 45 per cent of them. Of those rejected, he said, approximately 300,000 were turned down solely for failure to meet the minimum mental standards. There was no estimate of how many of the 300,000 may be found available for draft after re-exami-natlon. Cowboy Boots Upset Actor LOS ANGELES, Dec. 20-(JP)-A casualty of an effort to pull on a pair of cowboy boots, Actor Joseph Cotten returned home tonight on a stretcher from an Arizona movie location. Cotten fractured a disc in his spine, it was stated, when he tum bled backward in a Douglas hotel room while trying on a pair of cowboy boots. His doctor said the injury is painful but not serious. Traffic Toll Slows as M-Day Nears; Saturday Seen Mark By THe Associated Press The tempo of highway slaugh ter slowed down a little yesterday as the nation approached the 1,- 000,000 traffic fatality mark. It reached 999,814 at 9 p. m. (PST). Extra driving caution and wide spread severe wintry weather that kept many cars off the highways apparently were responsible. The national safety council nas forecast that the 1,000,000 mark will be reached around noon Sat urday in highway race with death that started Sept. 13, 1899. On that date H. H. Bliss stepped from a trolley in New York City and was killed by a horseless car riage. He was America's first traf fic victim. The traffic toll rose steadily after that and now has reached the alarming total of more than Visits Parrish V - - . even more, who waited in vain for messages from the defense depart ment, the holiday season was tainted with gloom. Only 192 names remained to be processed by the pentagon, which had notified the next of kin of 3,006 of the 3,198 servicemen nam ed in the Communist POW list. There were "special cases, mostly questions of confused iden tity. The Communist list included 3, 198 American POW's, just about one-third of the Americans offi cially logged as missing in action by the defense department. The original Communist list contained no home addresses, involved a big job of checking by U. S. officials so messages could be sent to the home folk. The Pentagon had cautioned that the names should be received with skepticism since there was no way of checking the accuracy of the Communist lists. The army said 20 names on the Communist POW list were those of American soldiers listed on of ficial U. S. casualty rolls as "kill ed in action." In some cases, the soldier's $10, 000 government insurance had al ready been paid to the next of kin. The army said the names of the 20 will not be made public pend ing the outcome of field investiga tions by Gen. Matthew B. Ridg way's headquarters in Tokyo. Highway Reroute Program Okehed PORTLAND, Dec. 20 -iff)- The state highway commission today approved a road relocation pro gram which will result in highway 99 bypassing seven southern Ore gon communities. The commission accepted a sur vey report of Chief Engineer R. H. Baldock, on which hearings were held Oct. 7-9 in the towns affect ed. Towns to be bypassed include Creswell, Cottage Grove, Drain, Yoncalla, Oakland, Sutherlin and Gold HilL 100 each day. The 1951 toll was 36,200 up to Wednesday midnight. The peak of 39,969 fatalities was reached in 1941. The council has promoted M (for million) Day in the hope that pinpointing the grisly milestone will slow the slaughter. Nearly all accidents, the council maintains, could be prevented by extra cau tion. "It is a tragic and ironic cir cumstance that the millionth death should occur almost on the eve of Christmas, said Ned H, Dear born, council president. Nobody will know the identity of the actual 1,000,000 victim. Traffic fatalities were only esti mates the first 32 years they were recorded. The council also expects a sharp boost in traffic deaths during the four day Christmas holiday. - twmv ' 1651 Tha Oregon State-ram, Satan. New Building Proposed for Agriculture First formal move toward a new building for the state department of agriculture orders for deter mination of requirements and es timate of costs- was announced Thursday by E. L. Peterson, direc tor. The state printing office, in the same building, will not ask for any more space, according to Har ry Dorman, director of the fi nance department. The action to relieve overcrowd ing came at the state board of ag riculture's semi-annual meeting here Wednesday. When depart ment officials complete the study. the board plans to ask the board of control to include its needs in the building program. Printinr Building: Rejected Dorman told The Statesman that the printing shop is crowded in some respects but not enough to warrant plans for construction or other expansion. The 1949 legis lature rejected a proposed print ing building. The present struc ture at 148 N. 12th st. was built about 1930 for the printer, who uses the first floor. The agriculture department was established in 1931. and took the upper floor. Peterson told the agriculture board that inadequacy of present space is preventing the full dis charge of some functions and is causing loss of work efficiency. This is particularly true, he said. in lack of laboratory space, which bars essential work in feed, fer tilizer and economic poison analy sis. Remodeling Underway Pending results from the long range Quilding plan, the depart ment currently is engaged in ex tensive remodeling of its quarters. This is aimed at better use of space to provide some more office rooms and laboratory. Some offices are being cut to half their present size, a large workroom is being divided into offices for field men, and a hall is being closed off for labora tory equipment. The department also occupies an old residence at the rear of the main building. (Additional details on page 2) Flying Family Object of Hunt PENDLETON, Ore., Dec. 20-(ZP)-Three members of a Walla Walla, Wash., family, flying home for Christmas, were sought today in the snow-covered Blue moun tains southeast of Pendleton. The plane of Stanley Lott, head of the Lott Supply Co., of Walla Walla, his daughter, Rose, 20, and son Wallace, 10, disappeared in a snowstorm over the mountains yesterday. Low clouds kept planes from taking part in the search but ground crews went into the area where ranchers reported hearing a plane overhead shortly before Lott radioed yesterday that he was lost and his plane was icing up. Lott had flown to Provo, Utah, to bring his daughter home for the Christmas holidays. She was a student at Brigham Young uni versity. The son went along for the ride. They were on the return trip when they disappeared. Waiting at home were Mrs. Lott and another daughter of high school age. Eugene Robbery Suspect Arrested EUGENE, Dec. 20-UP)-Jim Clark. 20, Rohseburg, has been arrested in the $200 robbery of a Eugene tavern, Police Chief Ted Brown said today. John D. Mothreal, tavern oper ator, was pistol whipped by a youth in the robbery last night and required 30 stitches to close some 10 cuts on his head and face. TO OPEN CAMPAIGN FOR IKE NEW YORK, Dec. 20 - ()-Sen. Duff (R-Pa.) said today on a tele vision (NBC) program that na tional headquarters for the repub lican Eisenhower - for - President campaign would be opened in Washington Saturday. o SHCPPW9 DAYS TIUCtmiSTUAS Oregon, Friday, December 21, M C Waste of European Aid Fund Charged WASHINGTON, Dec. 20 Senator Ellender (D-La) charged to- jta r h Ams4l,ie'9 urn .4 a . AHH.tHIM . I . Ul Lull J '"j uk vauuuuiu yt adic auju (iut mi. c D Wulm U1C xnulU OllllOn dollar European aid program and tht some top American officials a D road are living llfce princes. Asked if he plans to air his ac cusations when congress returns in January, Ellender told newsmen: "You're damned right. You're going to hear the damnedest scan dals in the spending of all that money." He said he will demand that congress attach strings to further economic aid to western Europe. Informed of Ellender's blast, Mutual Security Director W. Av erell Harriman, in charge of the aid program, contended that the United States is giving European allies 'relatively small sums, in terms of mutual security," and he declared: "We are not throwing money away." Ellender called a news confer ence on Capitol hill to voice his charges on returning from a trip to Europe. So angry that his voice shook. the Louisiana senator bitterly ac cused France of milking the aid-to-Europe program. Ellender said he found John J. McCloy, U. S. high commissioner in western Germany, and members of his staff living "like princes" at the expense of U. S. taxpayers. Among other things, he said a hotel near Bonn, Germany, had been converted into "luxury" quarters for McCloy and his staff. "McCloy and his whole outfit are spending money like wild people," the senator said. Asked if he had uncovered eviu dence of graft in the handling of European aid funds, Ellender re plied: "Yes." He said he knew of no grafting by Americans, but emphasized that he found "unconcsionable waste." Mystery Man Fails Probers WASHINGTON, Dec. 20 -&)- House tax investigators met se cretly today with Henry W Grunewald, their mystery witness, but they didn't get a word out of him. - "He didn't even say hello," Wil liam P. Maloney, Grunewald's at torney, reported as the pair emerg ed from a 90-minute private ses sion with a ways and means sub committee headed by Rep. King (D-Calif). The reason given for Grune wald's silence is that he is in sisting on an open hearing. "His name was bandied about in public hearings and he is entitled to answer from the forum from which he was vilified," Maloney told reporters. Grunewald, grinning broadly, appeared willing to talk to the re porters, but his lawyer wouldn't let him. "Not a single word," Maloney cautioned. Grunewalds name has been mentioned indirectly in connection with the $500,000 shakedown story told to the committee by Abraham Teitelbaum, Chicago lawyer. Should Be Easier Way OKLAHOMA CITY, Dec. 20-yP) It took Examiner Tullio Scaram ucci only one agonizing minute to determine the woman applicant could not handle an automobile. He suggested improvements. "Oh, I know I can't drive and I don't intend to," she told him. "I want the driver's license for identification." New Storms Cuff Crippled Areas; Airlift Plans Talked By the Associated Press Nature dumped a new big dose of weather misery on the storm buffeted northern two-thirds of the nation Thursday. Ice storms crippled transporta tion in parts of the midwest and east. Rural areas of South Dakota, battered by a week long series of severe storms, approached a help less state. Pilots began flying in emergency coal and livestock sup plies. Four prospective mothers were flown to hospitals. Gov. Sig urd Anderson discussed with aides the possibility of an airlift for emergency cases. A blizzard piled up huge drifts in the Hereford-Grover area of northeastern Colorado forcing the closing of schools. Another bliz zard buffeted northeastern New Mexico. With fresh snow storms raging in already snow-logged Chicago, motorists were advised to call on any planned out-of-town trips and "sit at home.' 1951 PRICE ::! n n n n mm, im Mm Guard Charged With Taking Drugs to Cons The second penitentiary guard in a week was accused Thursday of smuggling illegal materials to prisoners when Howard B. Han sen, 27, of 771 S. 21st st., was ar rested on a charge of attempting to introduce drugs into the Oregon state prison. A third guard was discharged by the warden The first guard, Francis L. McConnell, 26, of 419 S. 19th st., pleaded guilty in cir cuit court Thursday to a charge of smuggling two sticks of dyna mite, a .22 calibre revolver, am munition and a knife to a prison er. Hansen Arraigned Hansen was arraigned In Mar ion county district court Thurs day on the charge of attempting to introduce wyamine methenter mine methylphene, a drug similar to benzedrine, into the prison, on a complaint signed by Warden Virgil O Malley. His case was con tinued by Judge Val D. Sloper to 9:30 a.m. today so that he could obtain counsel. He was held in lieu of $500 ball. Conviction on the charge carries a maximum sentence of one year in the county Jail and $500 fine, Sloper said. Third Guard Linked O'Malley said drugs were found on Hansen as he entered the prison gates. State police were called in and Hansen broke down under interrogation, admitting that he planned to sell the drugs to pris oners, O'Malley said. McConnell. appearing before Circuit Judge George Duncan, was allowed continuance until pre sentence investigation by the state parole board is completed. He had previously waived grand jury in vestigation and Thursday pleaded guilty to the charge. Warden O'Malley said guard Duane A. Spence, 1596 S. Liberty st., had been discharged for prison rule violation which came to light during investigation of the Hansen case. Apples Burn At Wenatchee WENATCHEE, Wash., Dec. 20-(iP)-An unexplained fire roared out of control for six hours in an ap ple warehouse here this evening, destroying nearly 100,000 boxes of fruit and causing damage of near ly a million dollars. The blaze started in some emp ty boxes in the J. M. Wade Fruit Co., warehouse in downtown Wen atchee at 3 p. m. Four hours after the flames were first noticed, the roof of the 3- story, 125-foot brick structure cav ed in, hampering the fire fighters. Throughout the fire, volunteers removed boxes of apples from the rear of the building, managing to save seven carloads (approximate ly 5,600 boxes). The apples were valued at $4 a box. SALEM PRECIPITATION Since Start of Weather Tear Sept, 1 This Year Last Year Normal 22.08 28.02 Mil Mayor Martin Kennelly of Chi cago told an emergency meeting of city officials and transportation executives that more snow could paralyze the city. A new batch of polar air rolled down into New England and the northern Rockies and northern great plains. Traffic was tied into knots when freezing rain sheathed thorough fares in the Kansas City area. Snow and sleet also crippled transportation in Michigan. Freez ing rain also made travel hazard ous in central Illinois and central Indiana. The mercury dipped to 25 be low in Havre, Mont., and -19 at Sheridan, Wyo. Albany, N. Y-, also shivered in -19 weather coldest since -20 recorded March 4, 1950. Daytime temperatures were near zero in northwestern New Mexico. Storm deaths reported since De cember opened its barrage of weather fury a week ago have reached at least 242. ,...V-; lOn. M 3 33 20 Max Z 43 . S3 - 34 i: Pre1n trace .a ' . .93 . Salem " ; Portland , San Francisco Chicago Mew York 83 ,i Willamette river tJ feet.! FORECAST (from U.S. weather bu reau. McNary field. Salem): Claud with occasional light rains today tontffct. High today near 43. low t nicht Mar 33. . Salem ' temperature a IS.-! a-n. today was 43. . 5c j - Ho. 2C3 n 103 Rescued After Early Morning Fire a i ASTORIA, Ore, Dec. 20-(AV Flames swept i the Danish ship Erria at the mouth of the Colum bia river today, and 11 perse' were feared dead. The fire broke ;out in ear!? morning darkness ias the ship rested at anchor, waiting clean weather before crossing the bas in to the Pacific ocean. . " The flames spread rapidly, tad only the nearness of a coast guard station prevented the death tell from mounting high. The coast guardsmen were less than a mil away, and they, directed the reset of 103 of the 114 aboard. The other 11 three crewmen and eight passengers were fear-, ed drowned or trapped aboard tbe 400-ioot vessel. Boy Tells of Trap The fear increased after one mA the survivors, an lly ear-old boy told authorities a number of per sons were trapped in the ships lounge. i John Ray. son of Mr. and Ur. Huso Rav of Va said flames blocked the doors, and! me aauits were too big 'to escape through the lounge port holes. They shoved him through a nart hole, and eventually; he made hie way to safety. Before he left he saw flames burst out in the hair of two men, the boy said. The coast guard held hope for hours that the 1 11 were aboard m lifeboat, but later Lt. Commander Victor Johnson of the coast guard said all lifeboats were accounted for. Air Search Halted He ordered air search halted af ter six planes had flown the area without sighting any other sur vivors. The planes had gone aloft when it was reported a fifth life boat was missins' Later Jnhnu- said he learned there were only four lifeboats. '4 i . A few coastguardsmeil "climbed; onto the fan tail of the burning ship after the rescue, and reported no signs of life aboard the flam ing ship. The men were unable to move forward ; into! the burning area. id; The 23 passengers1 and 80 crew members accounted for; were un der Red Cross care; at the John Jacob Astor hotel here. Most of them left all their belongings be hind when the order to abandon ship quickly followed the firs alarm. Missing- Identified : The missing were ildentif led by the East Asiatic lines,, ship's oper ator, as Mr. and Mrs. Hoist Andersen and Mrs. A. Sorensen. Cownha- gen; Dorothy Myers, 6. F. Scott and Mrs. C. M. Taylor, all of Van couver, B.C.; Mrs. A. M. Brun lees and daughter, : Elizabeth, of Whitehorse, Y.U. Miss Myers and Scott were en route to St. Thomas, Virgin Islands. Mrs. Brunlee atut. daughter were bound ! for New York. a The three crewmen -missinsr were identified n A Tva-co. T. Anderson and La A. Haase, all of Copenhagen. 'j Only two of the survivors had known injuries. A. T. Lowery, 6, pilot who took the Erria down. river from Portland, hurt his back sliding down a hoisting cable. Boy Among Injured John Ray. 11, Vancouver. B. C suffered a burned heel and shock. Lowery said he helped young Ray over ine side into a rescue boat. The Erria, skippered by Cant. M. Agge, was bound for liver- pool via. New Yorkfwlth a cargo of wheat, apples and lumber. The firs broke out at 2:40 a.m. Crewmen said it started from sparks from a shorted electric cable. Within minutes flames were shooting from a hold, , - In mid-afternoon two navy tu hauled the still-burning ship with in a 100 yards of the Oregon shore. The ship, also carrying 250 tons of iron from Seattle for England, apparently was hard aground, and the danger of Jt capsizing was lessened.; Sea Warmer ' ' if ! Near Japan TOKYO. Dee. 20-6n-The ocean off northwestern Japan is getting warmer and the effects may be far reaching. . :i g - Kyodo News Agency said today a mass of cold arctic water is gra dually pushing warm currents nearer the coast. i f Reason for the change is n known, but the temperature mi coastal waters Is about 60 degrees; some four degrees warmer than ast year. " ! 'i ' I Kyodo said weather experts fear this may mean little snow along the Japanese coast.. Fishing has been hurt in some areas, but in others southern fish from warmer waters are being; taken, the newsr agency said, f . i 7eaUier . . ! .8 i . ,
